CN115489766A - A connection structure of a satellite penetrating waveguide - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a connecting structure of a satellite cabin-crossing waveguide, which relates to the field of satellite load design, and comprises a satellite cabin plate, wherein a cabin-crossing opening is formed in the satellite cabin plate; the cabin penetrating flange is covered at the position of the cabin penetrating opening, is fixedly connected with the satellite cabin plate and is provided with a connecting hole; the cabin interior waveguide assembly is connected with the cabin penetrating flange; and the extravehicular waveguide assembly is connected with the intravehicular waveguide assembly through the connecting hole. The connecting structure can compensate rigidity of the cabin plate, improve the integral rigidity of the cabin plate, reduce rigidity loss of the cabin plate caused by cabin-penetrating openings, block installation errors of parts of components in the cabin of the cabin-penetrating waveguide, and effectively ensure the accuracy of butt joint of the cabin-penetrating waveguide after being taken out of the cabin and extra-cabin equipment such as an antenna.

Description

A connection structure of a satellite penetrating waveguide

technical field

The invention provides a connection structure of a satellite penetrating waveguide, which belongs to the field of satellite load design.

Background technique

With the rapid development of high-throughput communication satellites, the application of single or a few gateway stations to manage multiple user beams is becoming more and more popular. After passing through the isolator, switch, output multiplexer/filter, etc., it is uploaded to the transmitting antenna, and radiated from the antenna to the ground user area. Due to its system characteristics, this type of transponder determines that the output filtering A large number of waveguides are connected between the multiplexer/multiplexer and the transmitting antenna, all of which need to be connected to the antenna feed port from the inside of the load compartment through the satellite compartment.

Taking the APSTAR 6D satellite as an example, the transponder of the satellite consists of 8 gateway stations (including backups) to manage 90 user beams, and a total of 54 traveling wave tube amplifiers are configured in the forward and backward transmission links. The traveling wave tube amplifiers, switching Switches, output filters/multiplexers and other equipment are all arranged in the load compartment, and the number of waveguides connecting the output filter/multiplexer and the transmitting antenna feed has reached 106, all of which need to pass through the satellite to the floor from the inside of the load compartment. Connect to antenna feed.

In the traditional design, when the waveguide passes through the hatch, only a rectangular or circular opening is made at the corresponding position of the deck to meet the space for the waveguide to pass through the cabin, and no other processing is performed except to meet the waveguide installation requirements. This is based on the traditional satellite The layout space is ample, and the number of penetrating waveguides is very small (generally no more than 10). The nearby design of fixed brackets before and after the penetrating waveguide can meet the installation positioning and support requirements for the cabin part of the penetrating waveguide without special treatment. However, for high-throughput multi-beam satellites, a large number of waveguides penetrate the cabin, even if the waveguides are grouped and designed collectively, it is necessary to set one or more large-sized gaps on the cabin (the number and location of the gaps depend on the layout design), the setting of large-sized gaps will reduce the stiffness of the deck, greatly reducing the mechanical resistance of the entire satellite; at the same time, the general layout space of high-throughput satellites is extremely tight, and it is impossible to design waveguide fixing brackets near the front and rear of the cabin. It is almost impossible to support the penetrating waveguide in the same way; in addition, due to the segmental installation of the penetrating waveguide (the interior part is installed first, and the exterior part is installed after the cabin is closed), the waveguide of the interior part is installed at the out-of-cabin position. There is no effective positioning, and one end is suspended. After closing the cabin, the cabin forms a closed space. The waveguide in the cabin cannot be adjusted, and the installation error cannot be eliminated. There is a greater risk. Therefore, special design is required for multi-waveguide penetrations like high-throughput satellites.

From the existing public information, there is no domestic application description identical to the present invention.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a connection structure of the satellite cabin penetration waveguide, to solve the problem that the traditional design scheme cannot solve in the satellite load cabin waveguide penetration design, especially in the design of the multi-number waveguide penetration The support of the piercing waveguide, the installation and positioning of parts in the cabin, and the problems of reducing the stiffness of the deck through the opening of the cabin.

Through the design of the penetrating flange and the special waveguide flange, while meeting the needs of the waveguide penetrating the tank, it can solve the problems of reducing the rigidity of the deck and waveguide support and installation positioning by the large-sized penetrating opening. At present, it has passed flight and in-orbit verification on many communication satellites such as Asia Pacific 6D, and has a good structure. It has important technical value and broad application prospects on subsequent high-throughput satellites.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

A connection structure for a satellite penetrating waveguide, comprising:

The satellite deck is provided with a penetration gap and a connecting hole; the penetration flange is set at the position of the penetration gap and is fixedly connected with the satellite deck, and the penetration flange is provided with a connection hole and a gap; the waveguide component in the cabin, The specially designed flange is connected to the flange through the cabin; the waveguide assembly outside the cabin is connected to the waveguide assembly inside the cabin through the connecting hole.

The in-cabin waveguide assembly includes a special flange and an in-cabin section waveguide, the special flange and the in-cabin section waveguide are welded to form an in-chamber waveguide assembly, and the special flange is connected to the through-cabin flange.

The external waveguide assembly includes a standard flange and an external segment waveguide, the standard flange and the external segment waveguide are welded to form an external waveguide assembly, and the standard flange is connected with a special flange to complete the internal and external waveguide assembly docking.

The tank penetration flange is designed with deck connection holes, special flange connection holes and gaps;

A flange connection hole is designed on the satellite deck;

The connecting hole of the deck is matched with the connecting hole of the flange to fix the penetrating flange to the opening of the satellite deck. The blue connection hole is connected; the connected interior waveguide assembly and the exterior waveguide assembly constitute the cabin-penetrating waveguide.

The unilateral size of the piercing gap is 5-10 mm larger than the outer envelope size of all the piercing waveguides, and the center position of the piercing gap is consistent with the center of the waveguide group pierced here;

The flange connection hole is a threaded hole; the position of the flange connection hole avoids other equipment on the deck, and must not interfere with other equipment on the star; the distance between adjacent flange connection holes is not greater than 200mm, and the relative position accuracy is better than ± 0.1mm.

The special flange of the waveguide in the cabin includes a flange body and connecting ears; the size of the flange body is consistent with the standard flange; the number of connecting ears on a single special flange is not less than 2, and the connecting ears are connected to the flange body On the opposite sides, the size should be as small as possible under the premise of meeting the installation space and ensuring reliable connection;

Each connecting ear is provided with a first installation hole for connecting the tank penetration flange, the first installation hole is a light hole, and the first installation hole is used to cooperate with the special flange connection hole;

The flange body is provided with a second mounting hole for connecting the standard flange of the waveguide outside the cabin. The second mounting hole is a threaded hole, and the second mounting hole is used for connecting the standard flange, and the relative position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm.

The standard flange is provided with a third mounting hole, the third mounting hole is a light hole, the relative position accuracy of the third mounting hole is not greater than ±0.1, and the third mounting hole is matched with the second mounting hole.

The penetrating flange is a flat plate structure, the unilateral size of the penetrating flange is 20-30mm larger than the outer envelope size of all penetrating waveguides, the thickness is not less than 3mm, and the flatness is better than 0.1mm/100mm×100mm; Optional design stiffeners for tank flanges;

The relative position of the deck connection hole on the penetration flange coincides with the flange connection hole at the satellite deck, and is required to be a light hole, which matches the connection hole, and the relative position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm;

The relative position of the special flange connection hole designed on the penetrating flange coincides with the first installation hole of the special flange after it is installed on the starboard, and the special flange connection hole is aligned with the first installation hole on the special flange. Matching, the position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm;

The size of the gap on the penetration flange is larger than the size of the standard flange on the external waveguide assembly (one side is required to be greater than 1.5mm), and at the same time, it is required to be smaller than the size of the special flange in the connection direction with the special flange (at least Less than 3+R mm, R is the diameter of the first mounting hole).

The waveguide components in the cabin adopt a layered design, and the layering rules are as follows:

a) The number of layers is not more than 7 layers;

b) The satellite is a hexahedral structure, including the opposite south plate and north plate, the opposite floor and the back floor, the opposite east plate and the west plate. The distance between the north boards is not more than 300mm;

c) For waveguides of different specifications, the layer spacing of the upper and lower waveguides follows the following rules:

The minimum distance between the upper and lower layers of in-cabin waveguide components and between the upper and lower layers of external waveguide components is greater than 5mm;

d) For waveguides on the same layer, the distance between the outer walls of the waveguides is required to be ≥15mm.

The installation of the indoor waveguide assembly and the outdoor waveguide assembly follows the following principles:

Fix the penetration flange on the satellite deck;

Install the waveguide components in the cabin first, and fix them on the penetration flange. After closing the cabin, install the waveguide components outside the cabin;

When installing the waveguide components in the cabin and the waveguide components outside the cabin, follow the installation sequence from bottom to top, that is, install the lower waveguide first, and install layer by layer.

In summary, the present application at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:

1. The penetration flange is generally an integral machine-added structural part (such as aluminum alloy), which forms an integral structure with the satellite deck through solid connection (such as screw connection) with the satellite deck. Stiffness compensation is carried out to improve the overall stiffness of the satellite deck and reduce the stiffness loss caused by the penetration of the satellite deck.

2. Design a special waveguide flange, which also has two kinds of mechanical interfaces, which are respectively connected with the above-mentioned penetration flange and the external waveguide assembly, so that the penetration waveguide is fixed on the satellite cabin plate through the penetration flange, forming a stable structure , there is no need to design a special waveguide flange connection bracket to support the penetrating waveguide, which saves the weight caused by the design of the bracket and saves space.

3. The existence of the penetration flange is equivalent to providing an installation basis for the installation of the waveguide components in the cabin before closing the cabin. The waveguide components in the cabin are no longer in a suspended state at one end before closing the cabin. And the installation can block the installation error of the waveguide components in the cabin from extending to the outside of the cabin, effectively ensuring the accuracy of the docking of the waveguide components with antennas and other external equipment after they leave the cabin.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waveguide assembly in the cabin formed by welding the waveguide in the cabin section and the special waveguide flange;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external waveguide assembly composed of the external waveguide and the external standard flange by welding;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the penetrating flange on the satellite cabin board (inside the cabin);

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the penetrating flange on the satellite cabin board (outside the cabin perspective);

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the components in the cabin of the penetrating waveguide on the flange of the penetrating cabin (inside the perspective of a single waveguide);

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation of components in the penetrating waveguide cabin on the penetrating flange (the perspective of multiple waveguides in the cabin);

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the interior components of the penetrating waveguide on the penetrating flange (multiple waveguides from outside the cabin);

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cabin-piercing waveguide outside the cabin (outside the cabin of a single waveguide);

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the cabin-piercing waveguide outside the cabin (multiple waveguides outside the cabin);

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the design of the penetrating flange;

Figure 11 shows several example structures of special flanges.

Explanation of reference signs: 1. Satellite deck; 11. Penetration gap; 12. Flange connection hole; 2. Penetration flange; 21. Deck connection hole; 22. Special flange connection hole; 23. Gap; 3. In-cabin waveguide assembly; 31. Special flange; 311. Flange body; 312. Second mounting hole; 313. Connecting ear; 314. First mounting hole; 32. In-cabin waveguide; 4. Outside the cabin waveguide assembly; 41, standard flange; 411, third mounting hole; 42, waveguide for the extravehicular section.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the application is described in further detail:

Taking the high-throughput large-scale communication model Asia Pacific 6D Star as an example, the waveguide penetration design is mainly implemented in the following ways:

The embodiment of the present application discloses a connection structure of satellite cabin penetrating waveguide, as shown in Fig. The cabin flange 2, the cabin waveguide assembly 3 connected to the cabin penetration flange 2, the external cabin waveguide assembly 4 connected to the cabin waveguide assembly 3, the cabin penetration flange 2 covering the cabin penetration gap 11 of the satellite cabin plate 1 position, the penetrating flange 2 is provided with a connection hole 21 , and the waveguide assembly 4 outside the cabin is connected to the waveguide assembly 3 inside the cabin through the connection hole 21 .

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the in-cabin waveguide assembly 3 includes a special flange 31 and an in-cabin waveguide 32, and the two ends of the special flange 31 are respectively connected to the through-chamber flange 2 and the in-chamber waveguide 32. The external waveguide assembly 4 includes a standard flange 41 and an external section waveguide 42 , and the two ends of the standard flange 41 are respectively connected to the special flange 31 and the external section waveguide 42 . The cabin section waveguide 32 is connected with the cabin section waveguide 32 to form the cabin penetration flange 2 .

The size of the piercing gap 11 depends on the outer envelope size of all the piercing waveguides passing through the cabin. The size is 5-10 mm larger than the outer envelope size of all the penetration waveguides, and the center position of the penetration gap 11 is consistent with the center of the penetration waveguide group here.

Refer to Figure 10 for the design of the penetration flange 2, and design the installation interface connected to the satellite deck 1, the interior waveguide assembly 3 and the exterior waveguide assembly 4, and at the same time determine the thickness of the penetration flange 2 based on the mechanical analysis of the entire satellite. Under the premise of weight cost, the structural design of the penetration flange 2 is optimized.

The piercing flange 2 is generally a flat plate structure. The unilateral size of the piercing flange 2 is 20-30mm larger than the outer envelope size of all piercing waveguides, the thickness is not less than 3mm, and the flatness is better than 0.1mm/100mm×100mm. According to the mechanical analysis results of the entire star, the reinforcement ribs can be appropriately designed for the penetrating flange 2 . When designing the penetration flange 2, two types of mechanical interfaces must be designed, namely, the deck connection hole 21 and the special flange connection hole 22. The outer deck mounting hole 21 is used to fix the penetration flange 2 to the satellite cabin. On the board 11, the satellite deck 11 is provided with a flange connecting hole 12, and the deck mounting hole 21 cooperates with the flange connecting hole 12; the special flange connecting hole 22 on the inner side needs a special flange 31 for the waveguide assembly 3 in the cabin An installation interface is provided, and there is a gap 23 on the penetrating flange 2. The external waveguide component 4 passes through the gap 23 to connect with the internal waveguide component 3. The gap 23 is reserved for installation on the external standard flange of the external waveguide component 4. space.

The specifications of the flange connection hole 12 are consistent with the industry standard for the installation hole of the on-board equipment. The flange connection hole 12 is required to be a threaded hole. The distance between the connecting holes 12 is not greater than 200mm, and the relative position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm. The relative position of the connecting hole 21 on the deck coincides with the connecting hole 12 on the satellite deck 1, and is required to be a light hole, and its specifications match the connecting hole 21 on the deck, and the relative position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm. The relative position of the special flange connection hole 22 after being installed on the star coincides with the first installation hole 314, the specification of the connection hole 22 matches the first installation hole 314, and the position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm. The size of the gap 23 is required to be larger than the size of the standard flange 41 (one side is required to be greater than 1.5mm), and at the same time, it is required to be smaller than the size of the special flange 31 in the connection direction with the special flange 31 (at least less than 3+Rmm, R is the first Installation hole 314 aperture), that is: not only to ensure the docking installation space of the waveguide assembly 4 outside the cabin and the waveguide assembly 3 in the cabin, but also to ensure that the waveguide assembly 3 in the cabin can be reliably fixed on the flange 2 through the cabin.

的舱板安装孔21，卫星舱板1设置有法兰连接孔12，连接螺钉通过舱板安装孔21和法兰连接孔12将卫星舱板1与卫星舱板1连接，完成穿舱法兰2的安装；通过法兰中部15个小窗完成波导穿舱，并与穿舱波导法兰(特殊设计的)由小窗两侧的4个M3安装孔完成连接，该穿舱法兰2可支持5x5共计25路穿舱波导穿舱。Figure 10 shows the penetration flange 2 used in a certain part of the star, through 20 uniformly distributed around the penetration flange 2

The deck mounting hole 21 of the satellite deck 1 is provided with a flange connecting hole 12, and the connecting screw connects the satellite deck 1 to the satellite deck 1 through the deck mounting hole 21 and the flange connecting hole 12 to complete the penetrating flange 2 installation; through the 15 small windows in the middle of the flange, the waveguide penetration is completed, and the connection with the penetration waveguide flange (specially designed) is completed by 4 M3 mounting holes on both sides of the small window. The penetration flange 2 can be It supports a total of 25 channels of cabin penetration waveguide penetration in 5x5.

For the design of special flange 31, refer to Figure 11. The types are not limited to the ones listed in the figure, but in order to ensure that the support effect of the waveguide meets the mechanical requirements, the connection point between the special waveguide flange and the penetration flange 2 needs to be designed based on the mechanical The analysis results show that the waveguide support condition is satisfied.

安装孔完成与上述穿舱法兰2的连接，对穿舱波导舱内部分进行定位和安装，通过内侧的M3安装孔(图中每处为6个)与穿舱波导舱外部分波导法兰(普通法兰，无需特殊设计)连接，完成舱内外波导对接。Figure 11 shows several special flanges specially designed for penetrating cabins commonly used in high-throughput satellites at present.

The installation hole completes the connection with the above-mentioned cabin penetration flange 2, and locates and installs the interior part of the cabin penetration waveguide through the inner M3 installation holes (6 in each place in the figure) and the external part of the penetration waveguide waveguide flange. (Ordinary flange, no special design required) connection to complete the docking of waveguides inside and outside the cabin.

When designing the special waveguide flange outside the cabin, two mechanical interfaces must also be designed on it, which are respectively connected with the penetration flange 2 and the waveguide assembly 4 outside the cabin. The special flange 31 includes a flange body 311 and connecting ears 313. The size of the flange body 311 is consistent with that of the standard flange 41, which is generally derived from industry standards. The design number of connecting ears 313 on a single flange body 311 is not less than 2 , the connecting ears 313 are connected to opposite sides of the flange body 311, and the number and positions of the above connecting ears are set to ensure the reliability of the connection. The size of the connecting ear 313 is as small as possible on the premise of meeting the installation space of the connecting screw and ensuring reliable connection. The connecting ear 313 is provided with a first installation hole 314 for connecting the penetration flange 2. The first installation hole 314 is a light hole, and the size of the hole depends on the specification of the connection screw selected for the connection flange of the penetration waveguide, and the relative position The accuracy is generally better than ±0.1mm. The flange body 311 is provided with a second mounting hole 312 for connecting the standard flange 41. The second mounting hole 312 is a threaded hole. The first mounting hole 314 is located far away from the second mounting hole 312. One side of the center of the flange body 311; the standard flange 41 is provided with a third mounting hole 411, the third mounting hole 411 is a light hole, the number of the second mounting hole 312 is consistent with the number of the third mounting hole 411 and is directly opposite, the thread specification Matching with the third installation hole 411 , the relative position accuracy of the second installation hole 312 and the third installation hole 411 is not greater than ±0.1 mm. Wherein, the first mounting hole 314 on the outside is used to fix the waveguide assembly 3 in the cabin to the flange 2 ; the second mounting hole 312 on the inside is used to connect the standard flange 41 . The size of the standard flange and the specification of the third mounting hole 411 are consistent with the industry standard. The connection holes 21 are provided in multiple rows, each row includes a plurality of connection holes 21, the connection ears 313 are located between the connection holes 21 in different rows, and each row of connection holes is provided with multiple layers. The distance between the connecting holes 21 on two adjacent layers ensures that the installation of the waveguides 42 in the outer section and the waveguides 32 in the cabin with different layers do not interfere with each other, and at the same time make the opening 11 through the cabin smaller. Through the structural arrangement of the special flange and the distribution arrangement of the corresponding connecting holes 21 , the hatch opening 11 can be made smaller.

The waveguide component 3 in the cabin adopts a layered design, and the layering rules are as follows:

a) The number of layers is not more than 7 layers;

b) The distance between the waveguide on the highest layer and the deck is not greater than 300mm;

c) For waveguides of different specifications, the layer spacing of the upper and lower waveguides follows the following rules:

BJ120/BZ120/BJ140 requires ≥35mm

BJ180/BJ260 requires ≥30mm

BJ320 and QV band waveguide require ≥25mm

d) In the same layer of waveguide, the distance between the outer wall of the waveguide is required to be ≥ 15mm

As shown in Figure 3-9, the entire installation process of the connection structure of the satellite penetrating waveguide includes:

Waveguide grouping: forward-backward transmission section link, a total of 54 traveling wave tube amplifiers, respectively arranged in the four areas of the satellite north and south boards (ie northeast, southeast, northwest, southwest), the corresponding output multiplexer/filter It is also arranged in the corresponding area. Therefore, according to the position of the multiplexer, its output waveguides have a total of 106 channels and are divided into four groups. Each group is designed with a cabin penetration position, a total of four places.

Determination of the penetration position; the determination of the penetration position takes into account the position of the output port of the multiplexer and the operability of the final assembly. At the same time, the installation position on the deck needs to be installed and operated on the stand-alone equipment and waveguide cables on both sides of the deck. no effect.

The interval between waveguide layers is selected; taking the BJ120 waveguide as an example, the distance between two adjacent waveguides should be greater than 35mm to ensure that the installation of waveguides with different layers does not interfere with each other. Spacing, compressing the size of the opening of the deck, reducing the size of the opening 11 through the cabin.

The waveguide 32 in the cabin section and the special flange 31 are welded to form the waveguide assembly 3 in the cabin; the waveguide 42 in the section outside the cabin is welded to the standard flange outside the cabin to form the waveguide assembly 4 outside the cabin;

According to the design position, the penetration gap 11 is set at the corresponding position of the satellite deck 1. The size of the penetration gap 11 depends on the number of penetration waveguides, waveguide specifications and the size of the penetration flange 2. Around the penetration gap 11 of the satellite deck 1 Embedded threaded holes are used as mounting holes for the penetration flange 2;

Install the penetrating flange 2 on the satellite deck 1 (as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4);

Install the waveguide assembly 3 in the cabin (the welded assembly formed by the waveguide 32 in the cabin and the special flange 31), one end of the waveguide assembly 3 in the cabin is connected with the equipment in the cabin (such as output filter/multiplexer, etc.), and the other end It is fixed on the penetration flange 2 through a special flange 31 (as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6);

After the satellite cabin is combined, install the external waveguide assembly 4 (the welded assembly formed by the external section waveguide 42 and the standard flange 41), one end of the external waveguide assembly 4 is connected to the interface of the antenna (or other external equipment), and the other One end is connected with the special flange 31 through the standard flange 41 (as shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9).

Specifically, the satellite is an approximate hexahedron structure, including the opposite south plate and the north plate, the opposite floor and the back floor, the opposite east plate and the west plate, the satellite deck 1 of the application is the opposite floor, and the cabin flange 2 connected to the floor. The south board, the north board, the opposite board and the back floor are connected into a cylindrical structure, the combined cabin is to connect the opposite east board and west board with the cylindrical structure, and the antennas are connected to the east board and the west board.

Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention The protection scope of the invention shall be defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A connection structure for a satellite penetrating waveguide, characterized in that: Including the satellite deck (1), the penetrating flange (2), the waveguide assembly inside the cabin (3), and the waveguide assembly outside the cabin (4); The satellite deck (1) is designed with a penetration gap (11), and the penetration flange (2) is covered at the position of the penetration gap (11), and is fixedly connected with the satellite deck (1); the cabin waveguide assembly ( 3) It is fixed on the penetrating flange (2); the outer waveguide assembly (4) is fixed on the inner waveguide assembly (3). 2. The connection structure of a satellite penetrating waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that, the penetrating flange (2) is designed with a deck connecting hole (21), a special flange connecting hole (22 ), gap (23); A flange connection hole (12) is designed on the satellite deck (1); The deck connection hole (21) cooperates with the flange connection hole (12) to fix the penetration flange (2) at the penetration gap (11) of the satellite deck (1), and the special flange connection hole (22) It is used to connect the waveguide assembly (3) inside the cabin, and the waveguide assembly (4) outside the cabin passes through the gap (23) to connect with the special flange connection hole (22); the connected waveguide assembly (3) inside the cabin and the waveguide assembly outside the cabin (4) Constitute the penetrating waveguide. 3. The connection structure of a satellite cabin-piercing waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cabin waveguide assembly (3) is formed by welding a special flange (31) and a cabin waveguide (32) , the special flange (31) is connected to the special flange connection hole (22) of the cabin penetration flange (2) to complete the installation and positioning of the waveguide assembly (3) in the cabin. 4. The connection structure of a satellite penetrating waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: the external waveguide assembly (4) is formed by welding a standard flange (41) and an external waveguide (42) , the standard flange (41) is connected on the special flange (31) of the waveguide assembly (3) in the cabin, and completes the docking of the waveguide assembly (3) in the cabin and the waveguide assembly (4) outside the cabin. 5. The connection structure of a satellite penetrating waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that: the unilateral dimension of the penetrating notch (11) is 5-10 mm larger than the outer envelope dimension of all the penetrating waveguides, The center position of the cabin gap (11) is consistent with the center of the waveguide group passing through the cabin here; The flange connection hole (12) is a threaded hole; the position of the flange connection hole (12) avoids other equipment on the deck, and must not interfere with other equipment on the star; the distance between adjacent flange connection holes (12) is not Greater than 200mm, the relative position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm. 6. The connecting structure of a satellite cabin-piercing waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that: the special flange (31) of the cabin section waveguide includes a flange body (311) and connecting ears (313); The size of the flange body (311) is consistent with that of the standard flange (41); the number of connecting ears (313) on a single special flange (31) is not less than 2, and the connecting ears (313) are located opposite to the flange body (311) On both sides, the size should be as small as possible under the premise of meeting the installation space and ensuring reliable connection; Each connecting ear (313) is provided with a first mounting hole (314) for connecting the tank penetration flange (2), the first mounting hole (314) is a light hole, and the first mounting hole (314) is used for connecting with The flange connection hole (22) fits; The flange body (311) is provided with a second mounting hole (312) for connecting the standard flange (41) of the waveguide outside the cabin. The second mounting hole (312) is a threaded hole, and the second mounting hole (312) is used for The standard flange (41) is connected, and the relative position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm. 7. The connection structure of a satellite penetrating waveguide according to claim 5, characterized in that: the standard flange (41) is provided with a third installation hole (411), and the third installation hole (411) is a light The relative position accuracy of the third mounting hole (411) is not greater than ±0.1, and the third mounting hole (411) cooperates with the second mounting hole (312). 8. The connection structure of a satellite penetrating waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: the penetrating flange (2) is a flat plate structure, and the unilateral size of the penetrating flange (2) is larger than all The outer envelope size of the piercing waveguide is 20-30mm larger, the thickness is not less than 3mm, and the flatness is better than 0.1mm/100mm×100mm; the piercing flange (2) can be designed with optional stiffeners; The deck connecting hole (21) coincides with the flange connecting hole (12) at the satellite deck (1), and is required to be a light hole, matching the connecting hole (12), and the relative position accuracy is better than ±0.1mm; The relative position after the special flange connecting hole (22) is installed on the star coincides with the first mounting hole (314) of the special flange (31), and the special flange connecting hole (22) and the special flange (31) The first mounting hole (314) matches the position accuracy better than ±0.1mm; The size of the notch (23) is larger than the size of the standard flange (41) on the extravehicular waveguide assembly (4); the unilateral size of the notch (23) ≧ the unilateral size of the standard flange (41) + 1.5mm; and the special flange On the connecting direction of (31), gap (23) size is less than the size of special flange (31), and at least small 3+R mm, and R is the first installation hole (314) aperture. 9. The connection structure of a satellite cabin-piercing waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cabin waveguide assembly (3) adopts a layered design, and the layering rules are as follows: a) The number of layers is not more than 7 layers; b) The satellite is a hexahedral structure, including the opposite south plate and north plate, the opposite floor and the back floor, the opposite east plate and the west plate. The distance between the north boards is not more than 300mm; c) For waveguides of different specifications, the layer spacing of the upper and lower waveguides follows the following rules: The minimum distance between the upper and lower layers of indoor waveguide components (3) and between the upper and lower layers of external waveguide components (4) is greater than 5mm; d) For waveguides on the same layer, the distance between the outer walls of the waveguides is required to be ≥15mm. 10. The connection structure of a satellite cabin-piercing waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: the installation of the in-cabin waveguide assembly (3) and the out-cabin waveguide assembly (4) follows the following principles: Fix the penetration flange (2) on the satellite deck (1); Install the waveguide assembly (3) inside the cabin first, and fix it on the penetration flange (2). After closing the cabin, install the waveguide assembly (4) outside the cabin; When the waveguide assembly (3) inside the cabin is installed and the waveguide assembly (4) outside the cabin is installed, the installation sequence from bottom to top is followed, that is, the lower waveguide is installed first, and then installed layer by layer.

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