CN115487398A - Pressure and direction detection guide wire based on optical fiber F-P and FBG array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pressure and direction detection guide wire based on an optical fiber F-P and FBG array, comprising a capillary metal tube, a capillary metal rod, an optical fiber F-P pressure sensitive unit, and an optical fiber FBG array strain sensitive unit. Among them, the optical fiber F-P pressure-sensitive unit is located at the front end of the guide wire to sense pressure, and the optical fiber FBG array strain-sensitive unit is spirally distributed along the capillary metal rod inside the guide wire to sense the circumferential strain of the guide wire. Optical fiber F‑P has the advantages of small size and high measurement sensitivity; optical fiber FBG has the advantages of linear multiplexing and multi-point measurement. The two are packaged into an integrated guide wire, which can accurately measure the tip of the guide wire in real time during the intervention of the human body According to the pressure and the circumferential stress on the guide wire body, the operator can realize precise control and real-time adjustment of the thrust and direction of the guide wire during the advancing process according to the detected signal combined with the auxiliary imaging equipment equipped in the interventional operation, making The guide wire can reach the diseased area of the human body more quickly, accurately and safely.

Description

A guide wire for pressure and direction detection based on fiber optic F-P and FBG arrays

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a pressure and direction detection guide wire based on optical fiber F-P and FBG arrays.

Background technique

Minimally invasive interventional surgery is a new type of surgical treatment that has developed rapidly in recent years, and it is also the smallest surgical treatment at present. Minimally invasive interventional surgery has replaced open surgery and has become the gold standard. Compared with open surgery, minimally invasive interventional surgery has the advantages of small wounds, quick recovery, no need for general anesthesia, and low surgical risk. The main method is to use medical guide wires to guide the diseased parts of the human body through the natural channels of the human body or tiny wounds for minimally invasive treatment. The main function of the medical guide wire is to play a role of guidance and positioning in interventional diagnosis and treatment, that is, to guide the catheter-like instruments used for inspection or treatment to the target position of the lumen of the organism. The currently commonly used medical guide wires have the following disadvantages. Ordinary medical catheters or guide wires do not have the ability to advance and select directions. Supported by relevant data, there are certain safety risks in the operation process, such as the guide wire scratching the inner wall of the lumen, the guide wire breakage left in the human body causing related infections, etc., and the subjective experience operation also reduces the operation efficiency. Also increased the patient's surgical pain.

At present, the development and improvement of guide wires are mainly concentrated in the fields of material selection, structure, and manufacturing process of guide wires. Although the related risks can be reduced to a certain extent, the detection of relevant data during the introduction process of guide wires is not involved. Fundamentally put forward effective solutions.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the array of optical fiber F-P and FBG. The optical fiber F-P has the advantages of small size and high measurement sensitivity; the optical fiber FBG has the advantages of linear multiplexing, multi-point measurement, etc. Advantages, the two are packaged into an integrated guide wire, which can accurately measure the pressure on the head end of the guide wire and the stress on the circumference of the guide wire body in real time during the intervention of the human body. The advanced auxiliary imaging equipment can realize the precise control and real-time adjustment of the thrust and direction of the guide wire during its travel, so that the guide wire can reach the lesion area of the human body more quickly, accurately and safely, shortening the operation time and improving the operation efficiency. It reduces the risk of surgery, relieves the pain of patients, and is also of great significance for standardizing the operation process.

In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A pressure and direction detection guide wire based on optical fiber F-P and FBG arrays, comprising: capillary metal tube (1), capillary metal tube (2), capillary metal tube (3) and optical fiber pigtail (4); capillary metal tube ( 1) An optical fiber pigtail (4) is internally packaged as a protective package for the extraction of the optical fiber pigtail, and the capillary metal tube (2) is used as the outer structure of the strain-sensitive unit of the optical fiber FBG array, and its internal package is composed of an optical fiber FBG array (6). In the strain sensitive unit, the capillary metal tube (3) is encapsulated with an optical fiber F-P pressure sensitive unit, and the capillary metal tube (3) and the pressure sensitive diaphragm (9) form an optical fiber F-P cavity (8); wherein the pressure sensitive diaphragm (9) is welded At the front end of the capillary metal tube (3).

2. A pressure and direction detection guidewire based on optical fiber F-P and FBG arrays according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber with an outer diameter of 30-50 um prepared by femtosecond direct writing.

In the pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the optical fiber F-P and FBG array, the inner layer of the capillary metal tube (2) is a capillary metal rod (7), and the outer diameter of the capillary metal rod (7) is provided with an ultra-fast picosecond The spiral groove (5) with a width of 50-80um and a depth of 50-80um processed by laser has a spiral angle of 120°.

The pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the optical fiber F-P and FBG array, the inner layer of the strain-sensitive unit of the optical fiber FBG array is a capillary metal rod, and the outer diameter is provided with a spiral concave groove processed by an ultrafast picosecond laser. groove.

The pressure and direction detection guidewire based on the optical fiber F-P and FBG array, the strain sensitive unit is composed of 10 FBG single fibers with a length of 12mm and a center distance of 10cm integrated to form a wavelength division multiplexing array, Ten FBG single fibers with different wavelengths are evenly laid along the capillary metal rod (7) in the spiral groove (5) on the inner wall of the capillary metal rod 7, and polyimide glue is fixed on the FBG array (6).

The pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the optical fiber F-P and FBG array, the optical fiber F-P pressure sensitive unit is composed of a vacuum pressure chamber and a pressure sensitive diaphragm, wherein the pressure sensitive diaphragm is welded to the capillary metal by ultrafast laser the front end of the tube.

The pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the optical fiber F-P and FBG array, the optical fiber pigtail transmits the pressure signal measured by the optical fiber F-P and the strain signal measured by the optical fiber FBG to the demodulation system, and the operator according to the detection The signal combined with the auxiliary imaging equipment equipped in the interventional operation can realize the precise control and real-time adjustment of the thrust and direction of the guide wire during its travel.

Owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has following advantage:

1) The intelligent guide wire is the first to introduce optical fiber sensing technology based on the pure mechanical structure of the traditional intelligent guide wire. The optical fiber F-P has the advantages of small size and high measurement sensitivity; the optical fiber FBG has the advantages of linear multiplexing and multi-point measurement. , the two are packaged into an integrated guide wire, which can accurately measure the pressure on the tip of the guide wire and the circumferential stress on the guide wire body in real time during the intervention in the human body;

2) Successfully solved the problems of low efficiency, fragile guide wire, and possible harm to the human body caused by traditional minimally invasive interventional surgery relying on subjective experience. , can realize the precise control and real-time adjustment of the thrust and direction of the guide wire, so that the guide wire can reach the lesion area of the human body more quickly, accurately and safely, shorten the operation time, improve the operation efficiency and reduce the operation risk , It relieves the pain of the patient, and it is also of great significance to standardize the operation process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention; Labels in the figure: 1, capillary metal tube, 2, capillary metal tube, 3, capillary metal tube, 4, optical fiber pigtail, 5, groove, 6, FBG array, 7, capillary Metal rod, 8, F-P cavity, 9, pressure sensitive diaphragm.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the optical fiber F-P and FBG array includes: capillary metal tube 1, capillary metal tube 2, capillary metal tube 3 and optical fiber pigtail 4; capillary metal tube 1 is packaged with an optical fiber The pigtail 4 is used as a protective package for the extraction of the fiber pigtail, and the capillary metal tube 2 is used as the outer layer structure of the optical fiber FBG array strain-sensitive unit, and the strain-sensitive unit composed of the optical fiber FBG array 6 is encapsulated inside. The strain-sensitive unit consists of 10 lengths FBG single fibers with different wavelengths of 12 mm and a center distance of 10 cm are integrated to form a wavelength division multiplexing array, and 10 FBG single fibers of different wavelengths are evenly laid along the capillary metal rod 7 in the spiral groove 5 on the inner wall of the capillary metal rod 7 , and fix it with polyimide glue at 6 points of the FBG array; the inner layer of the capillary metal tube 2 is a capillary metal rod 7, and its outer diameter is equipped with ultra-fast picosecond laser processing. The width is 50-80um and the depth is 50 ～80um spiral groove, wherein the helix angle is 120°; the capillary metal tube 3 is packaged with an optical fiber F-P pressure sensitive unit, and the capillary metal tube 3 and the pressure sensitive diaphragm 9 form an optical fiber F-P cavity 8; the pressure sensitive diaphragm 9 It is welded to the front end of the capillary metal tube 3 by ultra-fast laser.

The capillary metal tube 1, the capillary metal tube 2 and the capillary metal tube 3 are fixed by ultrafast laser welding.

A pressure and direction detection guide wire based on optical fiber F-P and FBG arrays. During the intervention in the human body, the optical fiber F-P pressure-sensitive unit can measure the pressure on the tip of the guide wire in real time. When the pressure-sensitive diaphragm 9 is compressed, it deforms. As a result, the cavity length of the vacuum fiber F-P cavity 8 changes, and its spectrum changes accordingly; the strain-sensitive unit of the fiber optic FBG array can measure the stress in the circumferential direction of the guide wire body in real time. When the guide wire body deforms, its internal capillary metal Due to the different spatial positions and laying angles of the FBG array on the rod, the obtained wavelength values are different, and the wavelength array obtained by coupling multiple series FBGs through spatial coordinates is different; the transmission fiber pigtail connects the optical fiber F-P spectral signal with the FBG array The wavelength signal is transmitted to the fiber optic signal demodulation system, and the pressure on the tip of the guide wire and the strain on each part of the guide wire can be obtained through real-time demodulation, so that the force on the tip of the guide wire and the direction of advancement can be accurately judged. According to the detected signal and the auxiliary imaging equipment equipped in the interventional operation, the operator can realize the precise control and real-time adjustment of the thrust and direction of the guide wire during the advancing process, so that the guide wire can reach the human lesion more quickly, accurately and safely It shortens the operation time, improves the operation efficiency, reduces the operation risk, and relieves the pain of patients. It is also of great significance to standardize the operation process.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementations. The above-mentioned specific implementations are only illustrative and not restrictive. Under the enlightenment of the present invention, many forms can also be made without departing from the gist of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a pressure and direction detection seal wire based on optic fibre F-P and FBG array which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the fiber optic cable comprises a capillary metal tube (1), a capillary metal tube (2), a capillary metal tube (3) and an optical fiber pigtail (4); an optical fiber pigtail (4) is packaged in the capillary metal tube (1) and used as an outgoing protective package of the optical fiber pigtail, the capillary metal tube (2) is used as an outer layer structure of an optical fiber FBG array strain sensitive unit, a strain sensitive unit formed by an optical fiber FBG array (6) is packaged in the capillary metal tube (3), an optical fiber F-P pressure sensitive unit is packaged in the capillary metal tube (3), and the capillary metal tube (3) and a pressure sensitive membrane (9) form an optical fiber F-P cavity (8); wherein the pressure sensitive diaphragm (9) is welded at the most front end of the capillary metal tube (3).

2. The pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the fiber F-P and the FBG array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber is a single-mode optical fiber with the outer diameter of 30-50 um prepared by femtosecond direct writing.

3. The pressure and direction detecting guide wire based on the fiber F-P and FBG arrays as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner layer of the capillary metal tube (2) is a capillary metal rod (7), the outer diameter of the capillary metal rod (7) is provided with a spiral groove (5) which is processed by ultrafast picosecond laser and has a width of 50-80 um and a depth of 50-80 um, and the spiral angle is 120 degrees.

4. The pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the fiber F-P and the FBG array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner layer of the fiber FBG array strain sensitive unit is a capillary metal rod, and a spiral groove processed by ultrafast picosecond laser is arranged on the outer diameter of the capillary metal rod.

5. The pressure and direction detecting guide wire based on the fiber F-P and FBG arrays as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the strain sensitive unit is integrated by 10 FBG single fibers with different wavelengths, the length of each FBG single fiber is 12mm, the center distance of each FBG single fiber is 10cm, a wavelength division multiplexing array is formed, the FBG single fibers with the different wavelengths are uniformly laid in a spiral groove (5) in the inner wall of a capillary metal rod (7) along the capillary metal rod (7), and polyimide glue is arranged at the position of the FBG array (6) for fixing.

6. The pressure and direction detecting guide wire based on the fiber F-P and FBG arrays as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber F-P pressure sensing unit consists of a vacuum pressure cavity and a pressure sensing diaphragm, wherein the pressure sensing diaphragm is welded at the foremost end of the capillary metal tube by utilizing ultrafast laser.

7. The pressure and direction detection guide wire based on the fiber F-P and the FBG array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressure signal that optic fibre tail optical fiber measured optic fibre F-P and the strain signal transmission that optic fibre FBG measured to demodulation system, operating personnel combines the auxiliary imaging equipment of being equipped with in the intervention operation according to the signal that detects, realizes advancing accurate control and the instant adjustment of in-process thrust and direction to the seal wire.

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