CN115478832B - Geothermal exploitation method for dry-hot rock - Google Patents
Geothermal exploitation method for dry-hot rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN115478832B CN115478832B CN202211225499.7A CN202211225499A CN115478832B CN 115478832 B CN115478832 B CN 115478832B CN 202211225499 A CN202211225499 A CN 202211225499A CN 115478832 B CN115478832 B CN 115478832B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/10—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
- F24T10/13—Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground using tube assemblies suitable for insertion into boreholes in the ground, e.g. geothermal probes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a geothermal exploitation method of dry hot rock, which relates to the field of geothermal exploitation; comprising the following steps: step one, two parallel directional wells are drilled, and the dip angle is consistent with the dip angle of the dry hot rock stratum; drilling a vertical well which is not communicated with the directional well, wherein the vertical depth of the vertical well is deeper than that of the directional well positioned below; injecting water into the two directional wells respectively, after completing one-time water injection, soaking the wells, wherein the water injected into the directional wells in the period enters into cracks to form steam cavities under the action of high temperature, opening the wells to discharge steam, then injecting water, soaking the wells, and repeating the steps for a plurality of times; injecting steam into the vertical well to carry out steam huff and puff production, and converting the vertical well into a production well after water injected by the two directional wells is monitored in the vertical well; and fifthly, injecting water into the two directional wells, and extracting hot water by utilizing a water pump in the vertical well so as to collect geothermal energy. The invention can improve the recovery rate of the heat-taking fluid and the heat-taking efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geothermal exploitation, in particular to a geothermal exploitation method of dry-hot rock.
Background
With the continuous development of economy and society, the demand of human beings for energy is increasing. The dry-hot rock is clean, environment-friendly and recyclable renewable energy, has huge development potential, and is favored by various countries. The current world geothermal exploitation method of dry hot rock depends on an EGS system, namely two or more injection wells and extraction wells are drilled from the ground to the dry hot rock stratum, and low-temperature fluid is injected for heat extraction after artificial fracturing; the EGS engineering heat extraction method firstly needs high ground construction pressure during fracturing and has high requirements on construction equipment. And secondly, the direction of the manually fractured cracks cannot be effectively controlled, the cracks are very difficult to communicate, so that the heat-taking fluid cannot effectively enter the extraction well after being injected from the injection well, the heat-taking fluid is greatly lost, the recovery rate is extremely low, and the heat-taking efficiency is seriously influenced. In addition, it has also been proposed to exploit the geothermal resources of the dry thermal rock by means of the construction of the butt-joint well, although this approach can improve the recovery rate of the heat-extracting fluid, since the heat-extracting fluid flows into the extraction well directly through the injection well bore, the contact area of the heat-extracting fluid and the dry thermal rock is small, the contact time is short, and the heat-extracting rate is low.
Patent document with application number 201910312335.X proposes a method for vertically drilling two horizontal wells into a dry heat rock stratum with an inclination angle, but the heat extraction method only can extract heat from a well section of the vertical dry heat rock stratum, so that waste of a large number of well sections can be caused, in addition, because an injection well and a production well are perpendicular to the dry heat rock stratum and have a certain inclination angle, heat extraction fluid can be lost into the stratum along the well bore of the injection well in a large amount, and the problem of low recovery rate of the heat extraction fluid occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a geothermal exploitation method for hot dry rock, which solves the problems in the prior art, can improve the recovery rate of heat-extracting fluid and can improve the heat-extracting efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a geothermal exploitation method of dry-hot rock, which comprises the following steps:
step one, two vertical parallel directional wells are drilled from the ground along the dip angle direction of the dry hot rock stratum, and the dip angle of the directional wells is consistent with that of the dry hot rock stratum;
step two, drilling a vertical well which is not communicated with the directional well in the step one from the ground to the dry hot rock stratum, wherein the vertical well is positioned at the lower ends of the two directional wells, the vertical depth of the vertical well is deeper than that of the directional well positioned below, and a cement plug is reserved at the bottom of the vertical well;
step three, water is injected into two directional wells respectively, the adopted water is low-temperature water, in the process of flowing along the shafts of the two directional wells, the low-temperature water forms cracks under the action of temperature difference after contacting with dry-hot rock stratum, the crack direction is mainly inclined downwards under the combined action of stratum inclination angle, gravity and overburden pressure, so that a crack network system is formed between the two directional wells and between the directional wells, after one water injection is completed, the water injected into the directional wells is stewed for 5-7 days, steam is formed under the action of high temperature during the period, the steam enters the crack network system to form a steam cavity, then the wells are opened to discharge steam, and then the water injection and the well stewed are repeated for a plurality of times;
step four, after the steam cavities of the upper directional well and the lower directional well are communicated and reach the top of the directional well, injecting steam into the vertical well for steam huff and puff production, wherein the injection pressure is lower than the formation fracture pressure, and after water injected into the two directional wells is monitored in the vertical well, the steam cavities of the vertical well are communicated with the steam cavities of the two directional wells to form a steam cavity system, and at the moment, the vertical well is converted into a production well;
and fifthly, injecting water into the two directional wells, enabling low-temperature water to enter the vertical well along the cracks and the steam cavity under the action of gravity, heating the low-temperature water into hot water by dry hot rock in the process, and then pumping the hot water by utilizing a water pump in the vertical well so as to collect geothermal energy.
Optionally, in the first step, a dry hot rock stratum with the stratum inclination angle of 45-90 degrees and the temperature of 450-650 ℃ is selected as the heat-taking stratum.
Alternatively, the directional wells comprise an upper directional well and a lower directional well arranged in parallel up and down, the lower directional well being 50m to 80m longer than the directional section length of the upper directional well.
Optionally, the vertical depth of the vertical well is 80-100 m deeper than the vertical depth of the lower directional well, and the thickness of the cement plug is 5-10 m.
Optionally, in the third step, the injection flow of the water injection of the directional well is 150-180 square/day.
Optionally, a surface casing is arranged in the upper well section of the vertical well, the surface casing is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the vertical well through heat insulation cement, a technical casing is penetrated inside the surface casing, and a screen pipe is connected to the bottom of the technical casing after penetrating through the surface casing; the technical sleeve is characterized in that an annular space is formed between the outer side of the upper portion of the technical sleeve and the inner side of the surface layer sleeve, a packer is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the upper portion of the technical sleeve, one end, far away from the technical sleeve, of the packer is fixedly and hermetically connected with the inner bottom of the surface layer sleeve, and the annular space is filled with a heat insulation medium.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the invention, the geothermal exploitation of the dry-heated rock is carried out by adopting a double-directional well and non-communicated vertical well mode, the double-directional well is drilled according to the dip angle direction of the dry-heated rock stratum, the vertical well is positioned at the lower end of the double-directional well, a cement plug with the thickness of 5-10 m is arranged at the lower part of the vertical well, low-temperature water is repeatedly injected into the directional well for a plurality of times, so that a communicated crack system is formed between the directional wells and between the directional well and the vertical well, and then a communicated steam cavity is formed in the crack system between the double-directional well by adopting a well-flushing mode. The steam cavity of the vertical well is communicated with the steam cavities of the two directional wells, on the basis, the two directional wells are used as injection wells, the vertical well is used as a production well for geothermal exploitation, the injected low-temperature water can be in contact with a large-area dry hot rock stratum for a long time, the heat extraction efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the well arrangement mode can enable a large amount of low-temperature water to enter the vertical well, the problem of low recovery rate of the hot fluid is effectively solved, in addition, water is pumped through the vertical well, and the problems of insufficient sinking degree and eccentric wear of a water pump are well solved under the condition that the injected water enters the vertical well in a large amount.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the state of the invention when mining geothermal dry rock;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vapor chamber communication system of the present invention;
reference numerals illustrate: 1. a directional well; 1-1, lower directional well; 1-2, upper directional well; 2. a vertical well; 3. a surface layer sleeve; 4. thermal insulation cement; 5. a heat insulating medium; 6. a packer; 7. a technical sleeve; 8. a heat insulating oil pipe; 9. a screen pipe; 10. a water pump; 11. dry hot rock formations; 12. a fracture network system; 13. the steam cavity is communicated with the system.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a geothermal exploitation method for hot dry rock, which solves the problems in the prior art, can improve the recovery rate of heat-extracting fluid and can improve the heat-extracting efficiency.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a geothermal mining method for dry-hot rock, comprising the following steps:
firstly, geological condition data of a dry hot rock stratum are obtained through geological means, the dry hot rock stratum with the stratum inclination angle of 60 ℃ and the temperature of more than 550 ℃ is selected as a heat-collecting stratum, two directional wells 1, namely a lower directional well 1-1 and an upper directional well 1-2, are drilled from the ground along the dry hot rock stratum 11, the two directional wells 1 are in an up-down parallel state, the distance between the two directional wells is 50m, the inclination angle is consistent with the inclination angle of the dry hot rock stratum 11, and the length of the lower directional well 1-1 is 80m longer than that of the directional section of the upper directional well 1-2;
step two, drilling a vertical well 2 from the ground to the dry hot rock stratum 11, wherein the vertical well 2 is not communicated with the lower directional well 1-1 and the upper directional well 1-2 in the step one, the vertical well 2 is positioned at the lower ends of the lower directional well 1-1 and the upper directional well 1-2, the vertical depth is 90m deeper than the vertical depth of the lower directional well 1-1, and a cement plug with the thickness of 5m is reserved at the bottom of the well; the upper well section of the vertical well 2 is put into a surface casing 3, well cementation is carried out by using heat-insulating cement 4, and then a technical casing 7 is put into the surface casing 3; the packer 6 is used on the outer side wall of the upper part of the technical sleeve 7, an upper annular space between the technical sleeve 7 and the surface sleeve 3 is sealed, a heat insulation medium 5 is filled in the annular space between the technical sleeve 7 and the surface sleeve 3, and a screen pipe 9 is connected to the lower part of the technical sleeve 7;
step three, after the well drilling of the directional well 1 and the vertical well 2 is completed, injecting low-temperature water into the two directional wells 1 respectively, wherein the injection flow rate is 180 square/day, the low-temperature water forms cracks under the action of temperature difference after contacting the dry-hot rock stratum 11 in the process of flowing along the wellbores of the two directional wells 1, and the crack direction is mainly inclined downwards under the combined action of the stratum inclination angle, gravity and overburden pressure, so that a crack network system 12 is formed between the two directional wells 1 and between the directional well and the vertical well. After completing one-time water injection, soaking the well for 7 days, wherein water injected into the directional shaft forms steam under the action of high temperature during the period, the steam enters a crack to form a steam cavity, then the well is opened to discharge the steam, then low-temperature water is injected, the well is soaked, and the steps are repeated for a plurality of times;
and fourthly, after the steam cavities of the lower directional well 1-1 and the upper directional well 1-2 are communicated and reach the top, injecting steam into the vertical well 2 for steam huff-puff production, wherein the injection pressure is lower than the formation fracture pressure, and after a large amount of water injected by the two directional wells 1 is monitored in the vertical well 2, the steam cavities of the vertical well 2 are communicated with the steam cavities of the directional wells, so that a steam cavity communication system 13 is formed, and the vertical well 2 is converted into a production well.
Step five, a water suction pump 10 connected with the heat insulation oil pipe 8 is put into the vertical well 2, low-temperature water is respectively injected into the downward directional well 1-1 and the upward directional well 1-2, the low-temperature water flows into the vertical well along a crack and steam cavity communication system under the action of gravity, and is heated into high-temperature hot water by dry hot rock in the process, and then the hot water is extracted by the water suction pump 10 in the vertical well 2, so that geothermal energy is collected.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A geothermal exploitation method of dry-hot rock is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, two vertical parallel directional wells are drilled from the ground along the dip angle direction of the dry hot rock stratum, and the dip angle of the directional wells is consistent with that of the dry hot rock stratum;
step two, drilling a vertical well which is not communicated with the directional well in the step one from the ground to the dry hot rock stratum, wherein the vertical well is positioned at the lower ends of the two directional wells, the vertical depth of the vertical well is deeper than that of the directional well positioned below, and a cement plug is reserved at the bottom of the vertical well;
injecting water into the two directional wells respectively, forming cracks under the action of temperature difference after the water contacts with dry hot rock stratum in the process of flowing along the shafts of the two directional wells, stewing the wells for 5-7 days after completing one-time water injection, forming steam under the action of high temperature by the water injected into the directional wells during the period, enabling the steam to enter the cracks to form steam cavities, then opening the wells to discharge the steam, injecting water, stewing the wells, and repeating the steps for a plurality of times;
step four, after the steam cavities of the upper directional well and the lower directional well are communicated and reach the top of the directional well, injecting steam into the vertical well for steam huff and puff production, wherein the injection pressure is lower than the formation fracture pressure, and after water injected into the two directional wells is monitored in the vertical well, the steam cavities of the vertical well are communicated with the steam cavities of the double directional wells, and at the moment, the vertical well is converted into a production well;
injecting water into the two directional wells, and extracting hot water by using a water pump in the vertical well so as to collect geothermal energy;
the directional well comprises an upper directional well and a lower directional well which are arranged in parallel up and down, and the length of the lower directional well is 50-80 m longer than that of a directional section of the upper directional well; a surface sleeve is arranged in the upper well section of the vertical well, the surface sleeve is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the vertical well through heat insulation cement, a technical sleeve is penetrated inside the surface sleeve, and a screen pipe is connected to the bottom of the technical sleeve after penetrating through the surface sleeve; the technical sleeve is characterized in that an annular space is formed between the outer side of the upper portion of the technical sleeve and the inner side of the surface layer sleeve, a packer is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the upper portion of the technical sleeve, one end, far away from the technical sleeve, of the packer is fixedly and hermetically connected with the inner bottom of the surface layer sleeve, and the annular space is filled with a heat insulation medium.
2. The geothermal mining method of dry rock according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, a dry hot rock stratum with the stratum inclination angle of 45-90 degrees and the temperature of 450-650 ℃ is selected as a heat-taking stratum.
3. The geothermal mining method of dry rock according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical depth of the vertical well is 80-100 m deeper than that of the lower directional well, and the thickness of the cement plug is 5-10 m.
4. The geothermal mining method of dry rock according to claim 1, wherein: and thirdly, injecting water into the directional well at the injection flow rate of 150-180 square/day.
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| US20140305635A1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-10-16 | Alexander Petrovich Linetskiy | Method For Developing Oil And Gas Fields Using High-Power Laser Radiation For More Complete Oil And Gas Extraction |
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| RU2683458C1 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-03-28 | Публичное акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина | Highly viscous oil or bitumen deposit development method |
| CN111022014A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-17 | 西南石油大学 | A method for developing hot dry rock resources using gravity drainage technology |
| CN113738317A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for combined exploitation of deep coal bed gas and dry hot rock type geothermal |
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- 2022-10-09 CN CN202211225499.7A patent/CN115478832B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140305635A1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-10-16 | Alexander Petrovich Linetskiy | Method For Developing Oil And Gas Fields Using High-Power Laser Radiation For More Complete Oil And Gas Extraction |
| RU2578137C1 (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2016-03-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина | Method for development of high-viscosity oil deposit |
| CN107120098A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-09-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | One kind utilizes CO2The well construction design and method hidden with geothermal energy exploitation of gas hydrate |
| RU2683458C1 (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-03-28 | Публичное акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина | Highly viscous oil or bitumen deposit development method |
| CN111022014A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-17 | 西南石油大学 | A method for developing hot dry rock resources using gravity drainage technology |
| CN113738317A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for combined exploitation of deep coal bed gas and dry hot rock type geothermal |
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