CN115466947B - Surface stabilization treatment agent for coating-free weathering steel and surface treatment method for coating-free weathering steel - Google Patents
Surface stabilization treatment agent for coating-free weathering steel and surface treatment method for coating-free weathering steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115466947B CN115466947B CN202211057714.7A CN202211057714A CN115466947B CN 115466947 B CN115466947 B CN 115466947B CN 202211057714 A CN202211057714 A CN 202211057714A CN 115466947 B CN115466947 B CN 115466947B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/50—Treatment of iron or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface stabilization treating agent for coating-free weathering steel and a surface treatment method for coating-free weathering steel, wherein the surface stabilization treating agent for coating-free weathering steel comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 6.0 percent of ferric salt, 0.2 to 2.5 percent of copper salt, 0.1 to 2.5 percent of aluminum salt, 0.5 to 5.0 percent of HCl and the balance of water; the surface stabilization treating agent for the coating-free weathering steel provided by the invention takes water as a solvent, soluble salt containing corrosion-resistant alloy elements is added in a compound way, and HCl is adopted to adjust the PH value, so that the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, the cost is low, after the weathering steel plate treated by the surface stabilization treating agent is subjected to an atmospheric exposure experiment, the rust layer is uniform and compact, the effect is good, and the weight gain effect of the rust layer is obvious in a short time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of weathering steel corrosion prevention, and particularly relates to a surface stabilization treating agent for coating-free weathering steel and a surface treatment method for coating-free weathering steel.
Background
With the increasing strictness of environmental protection policy, the use of the coating-free weathering steel can omit subsequent maintenance, and the economy and environmental friendliness of the whole life cycle are more prominent. The method is widely applied to the fields of landscape architecture, railway vehicles, power towers, bridges and the like. The weathering steel is a low alloy steel with more excellent atmospheric corrosion resistance by adding a small amount of alloying elements (such as Cu, cr, ni, etc.) on the basis of common carbon steel. The surface of the protective rust can form a compact protective rust layer under the condition of long-term solarization, thereby effectively retarding the penetration and diffusion of corrosive media. However, the stable formation period of the rust layer on the surface of the weathering steel is long, and meanwhile, in the stable rust layer formation process, the phenomenon of sagging of rust liquid can be generated, thereby seriously affecting the beauty and polluting the environment.
Therefore, the development of the rust layer stabilization treatment agent has important significance for expanding the application range of the coating-free weathering steel and reducing the maintenance cost of the whole life cycle of the building. The rust layer stabilizing treatment agent disclosed in the prior art has the advantages of more raw materials, complex preparation and higher cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treating agent which is simple in raw materials, easy to obtain and low in cost.
The invention provides a surface treatment method of coating-free weathering steel, which uses the coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treating agent to carry out homogenization treatment and match with NaHSO 3 After the aqueous solution is subjected to aftertreatment, the rust layer is uniform and compact through an atmospheric exposure experiment, and the effect is good.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the surface stabilization treating agent for the coating-free weathering steel comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 6.0 percent of ferric salt, 0.2 to 2.5 percent of copper salt, 0.1 to 2.5 percent of aluminum salt, 0.5 to 5.0 percent of HCl and the balance of water.
Preferably, iron/copper salt=3 to 5 to ensure that Fe on the surface of weathering steel is in ionic state and rust quickly under the action of water film, then Cu 2+ Is absorbed by the rust layer and separated out in an elemental state.
The pH value of the coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treating agent is 0-2, and Fe in the treating agent can be avoided under the pH value condition 3+ And Al 3+ Hydrolysis failure, and meanwhile, loose rust layers generated at the initial stage of the surface of the weathering steel can be directly removed, and compact rust layers are left.
The material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: feCl 3 0.5~6.0%,CuSO 4 0.2~2.5%,Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 0.1-2.5%, HCl 0.5-5.0% and water for the rest.
Preferably comprisesThe raw materials in percentage by weight are as follows: feCl 3 0.6~5.5%,CuSO 4 0.5~2.3%,Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 0.5-2.0%, HCl 1.0-4.0% and the balance of water.
More preferably, the material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: feCl 3 4.5%,CuSO 4 1.2%,Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 2.0%, HCl 2.0% and the balance water.
The invention also provides application of the coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treating agent as a weathering steel treating agent.
The invention also provides a surface treatment method of the coating-free weathering steel, which comprises the following steps: surface pretreatment, homogenizing treatment by adopting the coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treating agent, periodic water immersion and post treatment; the post-treatment liquid used in the post-treatment step is NaHSO 3 An aqueous solution; naHSO (NaHSO) 3 The solution is easily oxidized and decomposed into sulfur dioxide, which is equivalent to forming an industrial atmosphere environment, the weathering steel can rapidly produce a compact oxide layer in the industrial atmosphere environment, which is much faster than the environment such as village, ocean and the like, and the invention uses NaHSO in the post-treatment step 3 The water solution is used as post-treatment liquid to enable the weathering steel to form a compact rust layer rapidly.
In the surface pretreatment step, a sand blasting method is adopted to remove the rust layer on the surface of the weathering steel until only a bare matrix is left.
In the homogenizing treatment step, the surface of the weathering steel is soaked in the surface stabilizing treatment agent of the coating-free weathering steel or the surface of the weathering steel is sprayed with the surface stabilizing treatment agent of the coating-free weathering steel until the surface is completely soaked, and then the weathering steel is placed in a shade place until a rust layer is formed.
In the periodic water leaching step, the homogenized weather-resistant steel plate is subjected to water leaching or spraying for a plurality of times, preferably 3 times, so as to wash off the Cl remained on the surface of the weather-resistant steel plate - 。
In the post-treatment step, naHSO 3 The concentration of the aqueous solution is 0.01 to 0.05mol/L, preferably 0.01mol/L.
In the post-treatment step, the surface of the weathering steel subjected to periodic water immersion is soaked in the post-treatment liquid or the post-treatment liquid is sprayed to the surface of the weathering steel until the surface is completely soaked, so that a small amount of damaged rust layers or positions which are not completely covered by the rust layers are repaired.
After the homogenization treatment and post-treatment steps, the method further comprises the step of naturally drying the sample in a shade until the surface of the sample is naturally dried; the stabilizing agent component or post-treatment liquid is allowed to react sufficiently with the weathering steel to progressively densify the rust layer.
The invention adopts the following method for improving the homogenization and compactness effects of the weathering steel rust layer:
1) The blast method is adopted to remove the scale on the surface of the weathering steel, so that a shot blasting method is avoided, and the scale is not completely removed due to the shot blasting, so that the stabilizing treatment effect of the rust layer is affected.
2) In the period of water immersion, cl on the surface of weathering steel - Washing off residues, avoiding Cl - Damage to rust layer on the surface of weathering steel affects compactness.
3) The PH value of the stabilizing treatment agent for the weathering steel rust layer is controlled to be 0-2 in a critical way, so that Fe is avoided 3+ And Al 3+ Hydrolysis failure, and meanwhile, loose rust layers generated at the initial stage of the surface of the weathering steel can be directly removed, and compact rust layers are left.
4) After the stabilization treatment and the post-treatment, the treated sample piece is placed in a shade place, so that the components of the stabilizing treatment agent can fully react with the weathering steel to gradually densify the rust layer; direct exposure to the sun is prohibited to prevent rapid evaporation of the solution, resulting in insufficient formation of a dense rust layer.
5) In the formula of the coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treating agent, ferric salt, cupric salt and aluminum salt are added in a compound manner, and the effects of metal ions can be exerted step by step and stage. First Fe 3+ 、Cu 2+ Sequentially reacts with Fe atoms on the metal surface to ensure that Fe on the surface of the weathering steel is in an ionic state, and quickly rusts under the action of a water film, and then Cu 2+ Is absorbed by the rust layer and separated out in a simple substance state; fe (Fe) 3+ 、Cu 2+ 、H + After the successive effects, the pH value of the system is increased, and when the pH value exceeds 3, al 3+ The aluminum hydroxide flocculus with colloid and adsorptivity can be gradually generated after the hydrolysis is started, and the gradually generated protective rust layer can be adsorbed and solidified to enable the protective rust layer to be continuously densified, meanwhile, adsorbed Cu can be continuously adhered to a substrate and the rust layer, the compactness of the rust layer is increased, the polarization resistance of the rust layer is improved, and the stabilized rust layer can be more durable to protect the substrate from further corrosion. The reaction equation of the above process is:
Fe+Fe 3+ →2Fe 2+ (1)
Fe+Cu 2+ →Cu+Fe 2+ (2)
Fe+H + →Fe 2+ +H 2 (3)
Al 3+ +H 2 O→Al(OH) 3 +3H + (4)
Al 3+ the floccule precipitate formed by hydrolysis can be used for solidifying the rust layer and slowing down the further corrosion of the protective rust layer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the surface stabilization treating agent for the coating-free weathering steel provided by the invention takes water as a solvent, soluble salt containing corrosion-resistant alloy elements is added in a compound way, the PH value is adjusted by adopting HCl, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the cost is low. Through the atmospheric exposure experiment, the rust layer is even compact, and the effect is better, and after the weather-resistant steel plate treated by the rust layer is subjected to the atmospheric exposure experiment, the rust layer is even compact, and the effect is better, and the weight gain effect of the rust layer is obvious in a short time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a macroscopic photograph of a rust layer of the treated weathering steel of example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the surface stabilization treatment for a weathering steel of example 5 of the present invention on the weight gain of rust layers after exposure to the atmosphere, which is not treated at all, using the surface stabilization treatment for a weathering steel of example 5 of the present invention, which can produce a large amount of rust layers in a relatively short period of time;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the microscopic morphology of weathering steel without any treatment after 30 days of atmospheric exposure;
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the microscopic morphology of the weathering steel treated in example 5 after 30 days of atmospheric exposure.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a surface stabilization treating agent for coating-free weathering steel, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: feCl 3 0.5~6.0%,CuSO 4 0.2~2.5%,Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 0.1-2.5%, HCl 0.5-5.0% and water for the rest; wherein FeCl 3 /CuSO 4 The pH of the surface stabilization treatment agent for the coating-free weathering steel was 0 to 2 =3 to 5.
The invention provides a surface treatment method of coating-free weathering steel, which comprises the following steps: surface pretreatment, homogenizing treatment by adopting the coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treating agent, periodic water immersion and post treatment; the post-treatment liquid used in the post-treatment step is NaHSO with the concentration of 0.01mol/L 3 An aqueous solution; wherein,
in the surface pretreatment step, the rust layer on the surface of the weathering steel is removed by adopting a sand blasting method until only a bare matrix is left.
In the homogenizing treatment step, the surface of the weathering steel is soaked in the surface stabilizing treatment agent of the coating-free weathering steel or the surface of the weathering steel is sprayed with the surface stabilizing treatment agent of the coating-free weathering steel until the surface is completely soaked, and then the weathering steel is placed in a shade place until a rust layer is formed;
in the periodic water leaching step, carrying out water leaching or spraying on the weather-resistant steel plate subjected to homogenization treatment for 3 times;
in the post-treatment step, the surface of the weathering steel subjected to periodic water immersion is immersed in the post-treatment liquid or the post-treatment liquid is sprayed to the surface of the weathering steel until the surface is completely immersed.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
The raw material compositions and weight percentages of the surface stabilization treatments for the coating-free weathering steels in each example and comparative example are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 solution Components of various embodiments of the invention
The surface treatment of the weathering steel plate was carried out by using the surface stabilization agent for the coating-free weathering steel having the composition shown in Table 1 as a homogenizing agent by the following method: surface pretreatment, homogenization, periodical water leaching and post-treatment, wherein the post-treatment liquid is NaHSO with the concentration of 0.01mol/L 3 An aqueous solution. As a control, weathering steel plates without any treatment were used.
In the surface pretreatment step, the rust layer on the surface of the weathering steel is removed by adopting a sand blasting method until only a bare matrix is left.
In the homogenizing treatment step, the surface of the weathering steel is soaked in the surface stabilizing treatment agent of the coating-free weathering steel or the surface of the weathering steel is sprayed with the surface stabilizing treatment agent of the coating-free weathering steel until the surface is completely soaked, and then the weathering steel is placed in a shade place until a rust layer is formed;
in the periodic water leaching step, soaking or spraying the homogenized weather-resistant steel plate for 3 times, and then placing the steel plate in a shade place until the surface is naturally dried;
in the post-treatment step, the surface of the weathering steel subjected to periodic water immersion is soaked in the post-treatment liquid or sprayed to the surface of the weathering steel until the surface is completely soaked, and then the weathering steel is placed in a shade place until the surface is naturally dried.
Comparative example 4
Otherwise, the method is the same as in example 5, except that the periodic water leaching step is omitted.
After the post-treatment by the method, the color, the surface state and the weight increment of the rust layer on the surface of the weathering steel plate are shown in Table 2 after the atmospheric exposure experiment.
TABLE 2 effects of the embodiments of the invention
From Table 2, feCl can be seen 3 、CuSO 4 、Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 HCl content and CuSO 4 /FeCl 3 The method for treating the rust layer on the surface of the weathering steel has influence on the implementation effect. The preferred embodiment is example 5, which is a process for controlling CuSO4/FeCl 3 In the case of =3.75, a uniform and crack-free rust layer can be achieved, and the weight gain effect of the rust layer is most remarkable in a short time.
As can be seen from a comparison of fig. 3 and 4, untreated weathering steel has an uneven surface and a large amount of particulate corrosion products are present. The surface of the weathering steel subjected to the surface stabilization treatment by the method is regular, and the rust layer is compact.
In summary, the rust layer stabilizing agent according to the present invention comprises water as a solvent, and a soluble salt containing a corrosion-resistant alloy element, including FeCl 3 、CuSO 4 、Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 And the PH value is adjusted by adopting HCl, so that the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the cost is low. Through atmospheric exposure experiments, the rust layer is even and compact, and the effect is good. Can be popularized to the fields of painting-free landscape architecture, bridges, pipelines and the like.
The foregoing detailed description of a surface stabilization agent for a coating-free weathering steel and a surface treatment method for a coating-free weathering steel is illustrative and not restrictive, and several examples can be enumerated according to the defined scope, so that variations and modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The surface stabilization treating agent for the coating-free weathering steel is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 6.0 percent of ferric salt, 0.2 to 2.5 percent of copper salt, 0.1 to 2.5 percent of aluminum salt, 0.5 to 5.0 percent of HCl and the balance of water;
the pH value of the surface stabilization treating agent for the coating-free weathering steel is 0-2;
when the surface treatment of the coating-free weathering steel is carried out, firstly, adopting a sand blasting method to clean rust layers on the surface of the weathering steelRemoving the bare matrix, homogenizing with the surface stabilizing agent, periodically soaking in water, and finally using NaHSO 3 The aqueous solution is subjected to a post-treatment.
2. The surface stabilization agent for coating-free weathering steel according to claim 1, characterized in that iron/copper salt=3 to 5.
3. The surface stabilization treatment agent for coating-free weathering steel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in weight percent: feCl 3 0.5~6.0%,CuSO 4 0.2~2.5%,Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 0.1-2.5%, HCl 0.5-5.0% and water for the rest.
4. Use of the coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization agent of any one of claims 1 to 3 as a weathering steel treatment agent.
5. The surface treatment method of the coating-free weathering steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: surface pretreatment, homogenizing treatment by adopting the surface stabilizing treatment agent for the coating-free weathering steel according to any one of claims 1-3, periodic water immersion and post treatment; the post-treatment liquid used in the post-treatment step is NaHSO 3 An aqueous solution.
6. The surface treatment method of the coating-free weathering steel according to claim 5, wherein in the surface pretreatment step, a sand blasting method is used to remove rust layer on the weathering steel surface until only bare substrate remains.
7. The surface treatment method of a coating-free weathering steel according to claim 5, wherein in the homogenizing treatment step, the surface of the weathering steel is immersed in a coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treatment agent or the surface of the weathering steel is sprayed with the coating-free weathering steel surface stabilization treatment agent until the surface is completely immersed, and then the surface is placed in a shade until a rust layer is formed.
8. The surface treatment method of coating-free weathering steel according to claim 5, wherein in the periodic water immersion step, the homogenized weathering steel plate is subjected to water immersion or spraying a plurality of times.
9. The surface treatment method of a coating-free weathering steel according to claim 5, characterized in that in the post-treatment step NaHSO 3 The concentration of the aqueous solution is 0.01-0.05mol/L.
10. The method for surface treatment of a coating-free weathering steel according to claim 5, wherein in the post-treatment step, the surface of the weathering steel after periodic water immersion is immersed in a post-treatment liquid or the post-treatment liquid is sprayed to the surface of the weathering steel until the surface is completely immersed.
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