CN115464689B - Knife and method for manufacturing knife - Google Patents
Knife and method for manufacturing knife Download PDFInfo
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- CN115464689B CN115464689B CN202211193830.1A CN202211193830A CN115464689B CN 115464689 B CN115464689 B CN 115464689B CN 202211193830 A CN202211193830 A CN 202211193830A CN 115464689 B CN115464689 B CN 115464689B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010080 roll forging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007430 reference method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B3/00—Hand knives with fixed blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Knives (AREA)
Abstract
本申请提供了一种刀具和制造刀具的方法。其中，刀具的刃口部沿长度方向的表面上设有交替分布的硬质层和韧性层，其中，硬质层是由金属陶瓷复合材料形成的，金属陶瓷复合材料由碳化钛、氮化钛、碳化铌和金属组成，韧性层为制造刀具的基材，刀具的刃口部沿长度方向上具有微锯齿结构。根据本申请的刀具，能够持久锋利，并且不易发生崩口或者断裂现象。
The present application provides a tool and a method for manufacturing the tool. The surface of the cutting edge of the tool along the length direction is provided with a hard layer and a tough layer that are alternately distributed, wherein the hard layer is formed by a metal-ceramic composite material, the metal-ceramic composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, the tough layer is a substrate for manufacturing the tool, and the cutting edge of the tool has a micro-serrated structure along the length direction. The tool according to the present application can be sharp for a long time and is not prone to chipping or breaking.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of kitchen cutters, in particular to a cutter and a method for manufacturing the cutter.
Background
Cutters play a very important role in everyday kitchen appliances. At present, kitchen cutters are mostly compounded by materials such as carbon steel and stainless steel, however, the cutter has a defect in sharpness, and sharpness can only be increased by thinning a cutting edge, but the service life of the cutter can be greatly influenced by the mode.
For this reason, ceramic-type tools are gradually appeared on the market. The ceramic cutter is formed by developing precise ceramics at high pressure, and retains the high strength of the original ceramic material, so that the cutter has extremely high sharpness in the use process. However, the cutter has overlarge brittleness and smaller toughness, and after sharpening, the cutter edge becomes thinner and is easy to collapse or break. Therefore, the lasting sharpness of the existing cutter still cannot meet the use requirements of consumers.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, an object of the present application is to provide a cutter and a method of manufacturing the cutter, which solve the problem of poor long-lasting sharpness of the cutter in the prior art, by forming hard layers and ductile layers alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction at the edge portion of the cutter, and polishing the cutter in the thickness direction, the polishing amount of each layer of the edge portion of the cutter in the longitudinal direction is different under uniform polishing conditions, so that the cutter having a micro-saw tooth structure can be formed at the edge portion, and the long-lasting sharpness can be improved.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a tool having on a surface of a cutting edge portion thereof hard layers and ductile layers alternately distributed in a longitudinal direction, wherein the hard layers are formed of a cermet composite material composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and a metal, and the ductile layers are substrates for manufacturing the tool, and the cutting edge portion of the tool has a micro-serration structure in the longitudinal direction.
In an embodiment, adjacent hard and ductile layers are connected to each other, the alternately distributed hard and ductile layers being arranged at equal intervals in the length direction.
In an embodiment, each hard layer has a length of 100 μm to 200 μm and a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.15mm.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of manufacturing a cutter including the steps of providing a cutter body, forming hard layers and ductile layers alternately distributed in a longitudinal direction on a surface of a blade portion of the cutter body, polishing the blade portion having the hard layers and ductile layers in a thickness direction to obtain a cutter having a blade portion having a micro-saw tooth structure formed of the alternately distributed hard layers and ductile layers in the longitudinal direction, wherein the hard layers are formed of a cermet composite material composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and a metal, and the ductile layers are substrates for manufacturing the cutter body.
In some embodiments, the step of forming a lip portion having a surface with alternating hard and ductile layers in a length direction includes coating a cermet composite on a surface of the lip portion of the tool substrate such that the lip portion of the tool substrate has a continuous hard layer in a length direction, and polishing the continuous hard layer in a width direction of the tool substrate such that the tool substrate within the lip portion is exposed to separate the continuous hard layer into a plurality of hard layers in the length direction, thereby forming a lip portion having a surface with alternating hard and ductile layers in the length direction, wherein the cermet composite has a particle size of 100nm-200nm.
In other embodiments, the step of forming the land portion having the surface with alternating hard and ductile layers in the length direction includes masking the land portion of the tool substrate with a clamp and coating a cermet composite on the surface of the unmasked land portion to form the land portion having the surface with alternating hard and ductile layers in the length direction.
In an embodiment, the weight of the titanium carbide is 7% -21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, the weight of the titanium nitride is 7% -21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, the weight of the niobium carbide is 7% -21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, and the weight of the metal is 40% -56% of the total weight of the cermet composite, based on the total weight of the cermet composite.
In an embodiment, the metal comprises cobalt and nickel, wherein the weight ratio of cobalt to nickel is (1-2): 2-6.
In an embodiment, the hard layer is formed by plasma spraying the cermet composite on a tool substrate.
In an embodiment, the hard layer and the ductile layer have the same length, and the hard layer has a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.15mm.
In an embodiment, the substrate from which the tool base is made is carbon steel or stainless steel.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present application will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a tool according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a tool according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at I in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present application taken along line A-A in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present application, taken along the line B-B in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
It is known that the harder the material of the tool is, the less likely the tool will be to roll, but too hard a material will result in chipping or fracture of the cutting edge of the tool. For the cutter, the cutter has high toughness and high hardness, so that the durable sharpness of the cutter is better. To this end, the present application aims to provide a method for providing a tool with both high hardness and toughness and a tool with durable sharpness obtained thereby.
The inventors have found that by forming hard layers and ductile layers alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction on the surface of the edge portion of a tool, the tool can be polished in the thickness direction, and the polishing conditions are uniform, and the polishing amounts of the respective layers on the surface of the edge portion are different, so that a tool having a micro-saw tooth structure at the edge portion can be formed. On the one hand, the cutter can be prevented from generating a 'rolling edge' phenomenon due to the fact that the stress of the cutting edge part of the micro-sawtooth structure is dispersed. On the other hand, when the blade part of the micro-sawtooth structure is impacted on the hard material, the stress mode is point stress, and compared with the continuous arc-shaped blade structure with the stress mode being line stress, under the condition of equal stress, the pressure intensity of the tip part of the blade part of the micro-sawtooth structure on the food material is larger, so that the blade part is easier to cut into the food material, and the cutter has better sharpness. In addition, the strength of the whole cutting edge part of the cutter, which is formed by alternately distributing the hard layers with high strength and the tough layers with high toughness, is moderate, so that a single hard layer is clamped between the two tough layers, and the hard layer of the cutting edge part is not easy to crack or break in the using process of the cutter. Moreover, the hardness of the hard layer is higher than that of a metal material of a conventional cutter, the hardness is higher after sharpening, and the improved hard layer is not easy to crack or break due to the brittleness of the hard layer by being combined with the toughness layer, so that the lasting sharpness can be further improved.
The inventive concept of the present application will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.
According to a first aspect of the present application there is provided a tool. Wherein the surface of the cutting edge part of the cutter is provided with hard layers and tough layers which are alternately distributed in the length direction. The hard layer is formed by a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material is composed of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, the ductile layer is a base material for manufacturing the cutter, and the cutting edge of the cutter is provided with a micro-sawtooth structure along the length direction.
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at I in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cutter 10 includes a cutter body 11 and a cutting edge portion 12 connected to the cutter body 11. Wherein the cutting edge portion 12 includes hard layers 121 and ductile layers 122 alternately distributed and connected in the length direction on the surface thereof. The length of each hard layer 121 is the same as or similar to the length of each ductile layer 122. According to the cutter of the present application, the micro-serration structure of the cutting edge portion 12 is minute, and visually coincides with the cutting edge portion of a general cutter. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, it can be seen that the cutter 10 has a micro saw tooth structure in the longitudinal direction at the position of the cutting edge portion 12.
Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic structural views of a cutter according to an embodiment of the present application, taken along the line A-A and the line B-B in fig. 1, respectively. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the hard layer 121 is a layer formed on the surface of the edge portion, and the inside of the edge portion and the ductile layer 122 on the surface of the edge portion are both substrates for manufacturing the tool.
In some embodiments, adjacent hard and ductile layers are connected to each other, with alternating hard and ductile layers disposed at equal intervals in the length direction. In an exemplary embodiment, the hard layer has a length L1 and the ductile layer has a length L2. That is, the layers are equally spaced apart along the length of the blade portion. Of course, the application is not limited by the fact that the dimensions of the mass layer and the ductile layer in the length direction must be identical. In other embodiments, the hard layer and the ductile layer do not differ much in size in the length direction. In an exemplary embodiment, the hard layer may have a length of 100 μm to 200 μm and the ductile layer may have a length of 100 μm to 200 μm.
In order to make the hard and ductile layers more prone to forming a suitable micro-saw structure during subsequent sanding, it is desirable to provide adjacent hard and ductile layers with a suitable hardness differential. In an exemplary embodiment, the hardness differential between adjacent hard and ductile layers may be in the range of HRA 10-15. In the actual manufacturing process, the appropriate hardness difference between the adjacent hard layer and the toughness layer can be achieved by changing the base material of the manufacturing tool and/or changing the weight ratio of the components in the metal ceramic composite.
According to the present application, the hard layer on the surface of the lip portion needs to have a proper thickness for the tool to wear in long-term use. In an exemplary embodiment, the thickness of the hard layer is 0.1mm-0.15mm.
According to the present application, the height of each serration of the micro serration structure is in the range of 100 μm to 200 μm and the width is in the range of 100 μm to 200 μm. The shape of the micro sawtooth structure according to the present application may be set according to actual needs, and the present application is not limited to the shape of the tooth strip structure necessarily formed in the extending direction of the edge portion of the tool (i.e., the length direction of the tool). The micro-serration structures according to the present application, for example, but not limited to, form a continuous wave-like structure in the extending direction along the cutting edge of the tool (see fig. 3). According to the micro sawtooth structure of the present application, the teeth of each micro sawtooth structure may have an inverted cone structure in the thickness direction of the cutter. It should be noted that the tip of the micro-sawtooth structure of the present application may be selected according to practical needs, for example, but not limited to, according to the application of the cutter and the cutting requirement of the cutter (such as hardness of the object to be cut). In the example shown in the drawings of the present application, the cutting edge of the cutter has the same extending direction as the longitudinal direction, and the cutting edge of the blade portion has a straight shape. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and for example, but not limited thereto, the cutting edge of the present application may also be arcuate.
According to the application, the ductile layer is the substrate from which the tool is made. Among the substrates used to make the tool, stainless steel is relatively easy to obtain and corrosion resistant, and is inexpensive, carbon steel has a high hardness. In exemplary embodiments, the substrate from which the tool is made may be a stainless steel material or a carbon steel material. This will be described in detail later.
According to a second aspect of the present application there is provided a method of manufacturing a tool. Wherein the method of manufacturing the tool comprises the steps of:
Step S101, providing a tool base body.
And S102, forming hard layers and ductile layers which are alternately distributed along the length direction on the surface of the edge part of the cutter matrix, wherein the hard layers are formed by a metal ceramic composite material, the metal ceramic composite material consists of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal, and the ductile layers are substrates for manufacturing the cutter matrix.
Step S103, polishing the cutting edge part with the hard layer and the tough layer, thereby obtaining the cutter with the cutting edge part with the micro-sawtooth structure formed by alternately distributing the hard layer and the tough layer in the length direction.
According to the method of manufacturing a cutter of the present application, a cutter base body having edge portions of hard layers and ductile layers alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction is formed, that is, the edge portions of the cutter base body are alternately distributed in the hardness in the longitudinal direction. The cutter base body with the hard layer and the ductile layer is polished along the thickness direction, so that the polishing amount of the cutter base body along the length direction is different under the condition that the polishing conditions are consistent, and the cutter base body with the hard layer and the ductile layer is favorable for forming the cutter edge part with the micro-sawtooth structure. On one hand, the cutting edge part of the micro-sawtooth structure is stressed and dispersed, so that the phenomenon of 'rolling edge' of the cutter can be avoided, and on the other hand, when the cutting edge part of the micro-sawtooth structure is impacted on a hard material, the stress mode is point stress, compared with a continuous arc-shaped cutting edge structure with the stress mode being line stress, under the condition of equal stress, the pressure intensity of the tip part of the cutting edge part of the micro-sawtooth structure on a food material is larger, so that the cutting edge part is easier to cut into the food material, and the cutter has better sharpness. In addition, the strength of the whole cutting edge part of the cutter, which is formed by alternately distributing the hard layers with high strength and the tough layers with high toughness, is moderate, so that a single hard layer is clamped between the two tough layers, and the hard layer of the cutting edge part is not easy to crack or break in the using process of the cutter. The hardness of the hard layer is higher than that of a metal material of a conventional cutter, the hard layer is harder, has higher sharpness after sharpening, and the improved hard layer is not easy to crack or break due to brittleness after being combined and distributed with the ductile layer, so that the lasting sharpness can be further improved.
Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the cutter according to the present application will be described in detail.
Providing a tool base
According to the present application, a tool base is provided comprising a substrate to be used for manufacturing a tool, which may be in the form of a powder or a tape, which is manufactured using procedures conventional in the art. Wherein the base material from which the tool is made can be carbon steel or stainless steel material. In an exemplary embodiment, the stainless steel material may be martensitic stainless steel. The martensitic stainless steel may include 3Cr13 stainless steel, 4Cr13 stainless steel, 5Cr15MoV stainless steel, 6Cr13MoV stainless steel, 7Cr17MoV stainless steel, and 102Cr17MoV stainless steel. According to the application, the higher the carbon content of the stainless steel material, the higher the hardness of the tool matrix formed therefrom. Taking the above example as an example, the order of carbon content of the stainless steel material is from small to large, namely 3Cr13 stainless steel, 4Cr13 stainless steel, 5Cr15MoV stainless steel, 6Cr13MoV stainless steel, 7Cr17MoV stainless steel and 102Cr17MoV stainless steel. In an exemplary embodiment, the carbon steel is an iron carbon alloy having a carbon content of 0.0218% -2.11%.
Preparation of a cermet composite
The carbon content of carbide-based cermet materials is lost, affecting the desired properties, and according to the present application, the cermet composite consists of titanium carbide, titanium nitride, niobium carbide and metal. The metal ceramic composite material used for the cutter is prepared by the components according to a certain weight ratio, so that the influence caused by carbon content loss can be reduced. In an exemplary embodiment, the weight of titanium carbide is 7% -21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, the weight of titanium nitride is 7% -21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, the weight of niobium carbide is 7% -21% of the total weight of the cermet composite, and the weight of metal is 40% -56% of the total weight of the cermet composite. The cermet composite can be formed by mixing the above-described respective raw materials in terms of weight, and the mixed powder is the cermet composite of the present application. Titanium carbide has too high hardness, and a formed tool is easily chipped when used alone as a material for forming a hard layer. According to the application, the metal ceramic composite material comprises titanium carbide and titanium nitride, and after plasma spraying, the titanium carbide and the titanium nitride form a solid solution of titanium carbonitride, and compared with the independent titanium carbide, the hard layer has better toughness.
According to the application, the metal ceramic composite material has more optional metals, and the metal acts like a binder, so that the metal ceramic composite material has better binding force with the cutter matrix. Considering the cost of manufacture and the bonding effect, in the exemplary embodiment, the metal is comprised of cobalt and nickel in a weight ratio of 1-2:2-6. Cobalt and nickel are the best bonding effect, but the cobalt is less in reserve and the Ni is rich in reserve, so that the cost of the bonding agent can be reduced under the condition that the performance is not affected by the combination of the cobalt and the nickel.
In the cermet composite, titanium carbide can increase the hardness of the cermet composite. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of titanium carbide may be 7% -21%, preferably 10% -20%, more preferably 12% -18%. If the weight percentage of titanium carbide is less than 7%, the hardness of the cermet composite is too low, and thus the hardness of the hard layer thus produced is also low, thereby degrading the sharpness and long-lasting sharpness of the resulting tool, whereas if the weight percentage of titanium carbide is more than 21%, the hardness of the cermet composite is too high, and thus the hardness of the hard layer thus produced is too high, resulting in a brittle, thereby making the resulting tool brittle, affecting the use experience and service life, and reducing the long-lasting sharpness.
In the metal ceramic composite material, the titanium nitride can improve the hardness of the metal ceramic composite material and improve the performance of titanium carbide, so that the metal ceramic composite material has higher hardness without increasing brittleness, and the metal ceramic is more wear-resistant. Because titanium carbide and titanium nitride have the same lattice structure, both belong to face-centered cubic structures, and can form mutually-soluble solid solutions in the compounding process. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of titanium nitride may be 7% -21%, preferably 10% -20%, more preferably 12% -18%. If the weight percentage of titanium nitride is less than 7%, the carbon content in the cermet composite is too high and the brittleness is large, whereas if the weight percentage of titanium nitride is more than 21%, the nitrogen content in the cermet composite is too high and the effect of improving the hardness is limited.
In the metal ceramic composite material, the niobium carbide can refine crystal grains of the metal ceramic composite material, and improves the comprehensive performance of hardness and toughness, so that the strength of the blade part micro-sawtooth structure can be improved. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the niobium carbide may be 7% -21%, preferably 10% -20%, more preferably 12% -18% by weight. If the weight percentage of niobium carbide is less than 7%, grain refinement is insufficient and comprehensive properties are low, whereas if the weight percentage of niobium carbide is more than 21%, carbon and nitrogen content of the cermet composite is reduced, so that hardness is reduced, and sharpness and lasting sharpness are affected.
In the metal ceramic composite material, the metal is used as a binder, so that the toughness of the metal ceramic composite material can be improved. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight percentage of metal may be 40% -56%, preferably 45% -55%, more preferably 45% -50%. If the weight percentage of the metal is less than 40%, the toughness and brittleness of the cermet composite are low, so that the durable sharpness of the tool is reduced, and if the weight percentage of the metal is more than 56%, the hardness of the cermet composite is affected, so that the durable sharpness of the tool is reduced.
According to the application, the raw materials of the metal ceramic composite material are granular, and the metal ceramic composite material is prepared by adopting a plasma spraying process. In an embodiment, the average particle size of the cermet composite may be in the range of 100nm to 200nm. If the particle size is too large, the prepared metal ceramic composite material is unevenly dispersed, so that the brittleness of the metal ceramic composite material is increased, and if the particle size is too small, the specific surface area of the particles is increased, and the surface activity is improved, so that agglomeration is easy to occur, and the dispersion is uneven. Here, the particle diameter of the cermet composite material can be made small (relatively uniform), so that a hard layer having a uniform structure can be formed. The particle size of the above-mentioned material may be the maximum length of each material particle, and the material is not particularly limited to have a spherical or spheroid shape. For example, but not limited to, when a material has an oval shape, the particle size dimension of the material may refer to the length of its major axis.
Tool body with alternately arranged hard and ductile layers forming the cutting edge portion
According to the application, the hard layer can be produced by means of a cermet composite on the tool base in the manner of a layer according to the prior art. In an embodiment, the cermet composite is fabricated into a hard layer by cladding. Because of the relatively high melting point of the cermet composite, in an exemplary embodiment, the cermet composite is applied to the lip portion of the tool base by plasma spraying. In these embodiments, according to the characteristics of the spraying process itself, the blade substrate is not charged, not melted, not changed in the substrate structure, and not causing thermal deformation of the blade edge portion, so that the hard layer is formed by plasma spraying, the effect on the blade edge portion is small, the performance of the blade edge portion is not affected, and the subsequent leveling and other treatment processes are not increased. In addition, the plasma spraying has higher spraying efficiency and can reduce the operation time. In an exemplary embodiment, the parameters of the plasma spray are specifically a spray distance of 60mm-130mm and a temperature of the tool substrate of 100 ℃ to 200 ℃.
According to the application, the thickness of the hard layer is 0.1mm-0.15mm. If the thickness of the spraying is too thick, the working efficiency is affected, and the difficulty of subsequent polishing treatment is increased under the condition of forming a continuous hard layer. If the thickness of the spray is too thin, it is easily worn out during long-term use, and the function of improving the durability of sharpness is lost. The hard layer of the present application is formed by cladding a plurality of times, each time having a thickness of 0.01mm to 0.03mm.
According to the application, the hard layer is formed by plasma spraying of a metal ceramic composite material. In order to stabilize the generated plasma arc, the plasma spraying method is more suitable for a structure with a smaller blade thickness, and the plasma spraying step can be performed in an argon-protected environment.
According to the present application, there are various forms of forming the blade portion having the hard layer and the ductile layer alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction. In some embodiments, the step of forming a land portion having a surface with alternating hard and ductile layers in a lengthwise direction includes coating a cermet composite on a surface of the land portion of a tool substrate such that the land portion of the tool substrate has a continuous hard layer in a lengthwise direction, and polishing the continuous hard layer in a widthwise direction of the tool substrate such that the tool substrate within the land portion is exposed to divide the continuous hard layer into a plurality of land portions in the lengthwise direction, thereby forming a surface with a land portion having a continuous hard layer and ductile layer alternating in the lengthwise direction. In other embodiments, the step of forming the land portion having the surface with alternating hard and ductile layers in the length direction includes masking the land portion of the tool substrate with a clamp and coating a cermet composite on the surface of the unmasked land portion to form the land portion having the surface with alternating hard and ductile layers in the length direction. The jig enables the formation of a plurality of hard layers spaced apart in the longitudinal direction after coating, and the cutter base body with the exposed edge portion serves as a ductile layer. The jig has micro-holes on the order of micrometers.
Forming tool
According to the present application, before the step of polishing the tool base, the method of manufacturing a tool further includes performing roll forging treatment on the tool base in a longitudinal direction at a predetermined temperature so that the hard layer of the tool base is tightly bonded with the material from which the tool base is manufactured. In addition, the thickness of the cutter base body can be gradually reduced in the width direction by carrying out roll forging treatment at a preset temperature, so that a kitchen cutter structure with uneven thickness is formed. Wherein the specific parameters of the rolling treatment are that the rolling pressure is 80MPa-120MPa, and the rolling temperature is 500 ℃ to 700 ℃.
According to the application, the parameters of the grinder are controlled to be consistent, and the grinder is adopted to grind along the thickness direction of the cutter, so that the cutting edge of the blade part has a micro-sawtooth structure along the length direction.
As shown in fig. 3, the cutting edge of the lip portion of the tool of the present application has a micro saw tooth structure. Specifically, the above-mentioned cutter substrate is ground in the thickness direction of the cutter by a grinder, and in the case where the traveling speed of the grinder is uniform, the amounts of grinding in the grinding process of the hard layers and the ductile layers alternately distributed in the hardness in the longitudinal direction are different (the difference in hardness results in the difference in the amounts of grinding). Wherein, the vast majority of the hard layer with relatively higher hardness can be remained at the edge part, and the vast majority of the tough layer with relatively lower hardness can be polished off, so that the cutting edge of the edge part forms a tiny micro-sawtooth structure along the length direction. Wherein the height of the micro-sawtooth structure is 100-200 μm, and the width is 100-200 μm.
The method of manufacturing a tool and the tool of the inventive concept are described in detail above in connection with exemplary embodiments. In the following, the advantageous effects of the inventive concept will be described in more detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the inventive concept is not limited to the embodiments.
Example 1
The tool according to example 1 was prepared by the following method.
Step S10, providing a cermet composite. The metal ceramic composite material consists of 15% of titanium carbide, 15% of niobium carbide and 55% of metal, wherein the metal is powder of cobalt and nickel mixed according to a weight ratio of 1:1.
Step S20, providing a cutter matrix with an average thickness of 1mm at the cutting edge part. Wherein, the cutter matrix is made of 4Cr13 stainless steel.
Step S30, manufacturing a blade portion having hard layers and ductile layers alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction.
And S31, spraying a metal ceramic composite material on the surface of the cutting edge part of the cutter matrix in a plasma mode, so that the cutting edge part of the cutter matrix is provided with a hard layer which is continuously distributed along the length direction. The parameters of plasma spraying are that the spraying distance is 130mm and the temperature of the cutter matrix is 200 ℃.
And step S32, polishing the continuously distributed hard layers along the width direction of the cutter matrix, so that the base material in the edge part is exposed to separate the continuously distributed hard layers into a plurality of continuously distributed hard layers along the length direction, thereby forming the edge part with the surface provided with the hard layers and the tough layers alternately distributed along the length direction.
And step S40, carrying out roll forging treatment on the obtained cutter matrix along the length direction after heating, thereby forming the cutter matrix with the average thickness of the blade part of 1 mm. Wherein the pressure of the roll forging treatment is 90MPa and the temperature is 600 ℃.
In step S50, the cutter body described above was ground in the thickness direction by a grinder, thereby forming a micro-serration structure at the edge portion to produce the cutter of example 1. Wherein the teeth of the micro-sawtooth structure have a height of 100 μm and a width of 100 μm.
Example 2
Step S10, providing a cermet composite. The metal ceramic composite material consists of 15% of titanium carbide, 15% of niobium carbide and 55% of metal, wherein the metal is powder of cobalt and nickel mixed according to a weight ratio of 1:1.
Step S20, providing a cutter matrix with an average thickness of 1mm at the cutting edge part.
Step S30, manufacturing a blade portion having hard layers and ductile layers alternately distributed in the longitudinal direction.
Specifically, a tool base having hard layers and ductile layers alternately distributed in the length direction is formed by masking the edge portion of the tool base with a jig and plasma spraying a cermet composite on the surface of the non-masked edge portion. The parameters of plasma spraying are that the spraying distance is 130mm and the temperature of the cutter matrix is 200 ℃.
And S40, heating the molded cutter matrix, and then performing roll forging treatment along the length direction to form the cutter matrix with the average thickness of the cutting edge part of 1 mm. Wherein the pressure of the roll forging treatment is 90MPa and the temperature is 600 ℃.
And S50, grinding the cutter matrix in the thickness direction through a grinder, so as to form a micro-sawtooth structure at the cutting edge part. Wherein the teeth of the micro sawtooth structure had a height of 100 μm and a width of 100 μm, thereby producing the cutter of example 2.
Example 3
The tool of example 3 was manufactured in the same manner as in example 1, except that the tool base body was manufactured using 3Cr13 stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel.
Example 4
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that a tool base body was formed using 5Cr15MoV stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel, to thereby obtain a tool of example 4.
Example 5
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that a tool base was formed using 6Cr13MoV stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel, to thereby obtain a tool of example 5.
Example 6
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that a tool base body was formed using 7Cr17MoV stainless steel instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel, to thereby obtain a tool of example 6.
Example 7
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that 102Cr17MoV stainless steel was used instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel to prepare a tool base, thereby producing a tool according to example 7.
Example 8
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that a tool base body was formed using carbon steel having a carbon content of 1% instead of 4Cr13 stainless steel, to thereby obtain a tool of example 8.
Example 9
A tool of example 9 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the cermet composite consisted of 20% titanium carbide, 20% niobium carbide, and 40% metal.
Example 10
A tool of example 10 was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the cermet composite consisted of 18% titanium carbide, 18% niobium carbide, and 46% metal.
Comparative example 1
3Cr13 stainless steel knife with average thickness of 1 mm.
Comparative example 2
4Cr13 stainless steel knife with average thickness of 1 mm.
Comparative example 3
A 5Cr15MoV stainless steel knife with an average thickness of 1mm at the blade portion.
Comparative example 4
A 6Cr13MoV stainless steel knife with an average thickness of 1mm at the blade portion.
Comparative example 5
7Cr17MoV stainless steel knife with average thickness of 1mm.
Comparative example 6
A 102Cr17MoV stainless steel knife with an average thickness of 1mm at the blade portion.
Comparative example 7
A carbon steel knife with an average thickness of 1mm at the edge part.
The plasma spraying parameters were uniform in examples 1 to 10.
Performance index test
The thicknesses of the cutter edge portions in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were the same, and performance index tests were performed on each, and the test results are recorded in table 1 below. The performance test method comprises the following steps:
(1) Initial sharpness reference method for sharpness test in GBT 40356-2021 kitchen knife. The greater the value of sharpness, the better the initial sharpness and the smaller the value of sharpness, and vice versa.
(2) The durable sharpness testing method comprises the following steps:
The longer the initial sharpness and the long-lasting sharpness life, the smaller the value of the lasting sharpness, and vice versa.
The test method of the life of the simulated cutter comprises the steps of horizontally fixing the cutting edge of the tested cutter on a cutter fixing device downwards, and pressing the tested cutter on a simulated object under the pressure of 16N after the weight is added. The cutting simulant (3 mm kraft paper is selected) is kept static, the cutter is driven to cut towards the X-axis direction by a motor and an air pressure driving cutter fixing device, the speed is 50mm/s, the Z-axis direction is lifted, the Z-axis direction is displaced by 1mm towards the Y-axis direction, the simulant is molded, the cutting stroke is 100mm, after 5 times of cutting the simulant, the cutting simulant is finished, and the lasting sharpness of the cutter is judged by adopting an evaluation object (ham sausage). And (3) stopping the test until the evaluation object is not cut, and recording the total cutting times from the start to the stop of the test, namely, the lasting sharpness of the cutter is obtained, wherein the more the total cutting times are, the higher the lasting sharpness is.
TABLE 1 Performance test data for inventive and comparative examples
From the above test, it is evident that the durable sharpness of the tool of the present application is improved remarkably. Meanwhile, the service life is guaranteed through the toughness layer with good toughness, the sharpness is guaranteed through the hard layer with high hardness, and the durable sharp cutter suitable for people can be obtained by combining various materials. The cutter manufactured according to the application can be kept sharp and is not easy to crack or break.
Although embodiments of the present application have been described in detail hereinabove, various modifications and variations may be made to the embodiments of the application by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. It will be appreciated that those skilled in the art will appreciate that such modifications and variations will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
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| CN202211193830.1A CN115464689B (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Knife and method for manufacturing knife |
| PCT/IB2023/059487 WO2024069383A1 (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2023-09-26 | Knife and method for manufacturing knife |
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| CN202211193830.1A CN115464689B (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Knife and method for manufacturing knife |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1477222A (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-02-25 | 合肥工业大学 | Nano TiN modified Tic or Ti (C,N) base metal ceramic cutter tool, its production process and application |
| JP2016010577A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-21 | 株式会社Ihi | Method for producing blade body and cutting tool with double-ground blade |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060101649A1 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-05-18 | Chen Fen Chen | Knife with spaced ceramic tips |
| DE102006009619B9 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2012-06-06 | Kyocera Corp. | Ceramic cutting knife |
| DE102006004588A1 (en) * | 2006-02-01 | 2007-08-02 | Wmf Württembergische Metallwarenfabrik Ag | Knife used in homes, restaurants and hotels comprises hard material cutting element arranged on blade-like base body and forming cutting edge |
| JP5068574B2 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2012-11-07 | 株式会社Ｉｈｉ | Kitchen knife |
| JP2011251368A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-12-15 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Surface-coated cutting tool made of cemented carbide |
| DE102019200682A1 (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-23 | Technische Universität Dresden | Cutting tool with spatially structured coating |
| JP2020146319A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-09-17 | 足立工業株式会社 | Blade and cutting tool including blade |
| CN111331963B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2024-01-05 | 嘉兴吉森科技有限公司 | Multilayer composite steel and manufacturing method of multilayer composite steel cutter |
| CN212796114U (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-26 | 浙江吉森金属科技有限公司 | Multilayer composite steel |
| CN115464689B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2025-02-07 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | Knife and method for manufacturing knife |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1477222A (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-02-25 | 合肥工业大学 | Nano TiN modified Tic or Ti (C,N) base metal ceramic cutter tool, its production process and application |
| JP2016010577A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-21 | 株式会社Ihi | Method for producing blade body and cutting tool with double-ground blade |
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| WO2024069383A1 (en) | 2024-04-04 |
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