CN115459553B - Midpoint potential spwm control method for t-type three-level pwm rectifier - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The method for controlling the midpoint potential SPWM of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier has the advantages of small calculation amount, simple calculation and capability of completely eliminating alternating current fluctuation and direct current bias voltage when the midpoint potential SPWM is controlled based on an SPWM (sinusoidal pulse width modulation) mode, improving the performance index of the system, reducing the complexity and improving the stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-level converter control, in particular to a method for controlling midpoint potential spwm of a t-type three-level pwm rectifier.
Background
Compared with a two-level converter, the three-level converter has the advantages of small device switching loss, low harmonic content, high output waveform quality and the like, and is widely applied to occasions such as grid-connected inversion, energy storage inversion and the like. Common three level PWM rectifier topologies are diode Neutral-Point-Clamped (Neutral Point Clamped, NPC) three levels, T-type three levels, and Active Neutral-Point-Clamped (ANPC) three levels. The T-shaped three-level has the advantages of less power devices, small loss, high efficiency and the like, however, the neutral point potential imbalance is an inherent problem existing in the T-shaped three-level technology and the other two three-level technologies.
Aiming at the problem of unbalanced T-type three-level neutral point potential, common solutions include carrier modulation injected with zero sequence components, construction of virtual space vectors, control based on model prediction, a hardware circuit compensation method and the like. The literature 'a method for controlling neutral point potential balance of a T-shaped three-level inverter injected with zero sequence voltage' (Zhang Jianzhong, etc., technical engineering school) proposes a method for accurately calculating the value of the injected zero sequence voltage in different areas, and introducing feedforward and feedback control to realize neutral point potential balance control. The CN113179040a patent adopts a plurality of virtual small vectors to make the pulse sequence of the same region, adjacent small regions and adjacent large regions smoothly switch. The amplitude of the virtual vector is changed by detecting the voltage value of the voltage division capacitor end at the direct current side and the three-phase current value at the load side in real time, so that the acting time of the virtual vector in one carrier period is changed, and the neutral point potential balance is finally realized. The virtual vector control is constructed based on SVPWM control, and calculation is complex. The literature ' research of a T-shaped three-level grid-connected inverter based on model predictive control ' (Du Rui, university of Chongqing university's Shuoshi thesis) substitutes direct-current side capacitor voltage into a cost function, and the midpoint potential can be balanced by setting a weight factor. The model prediction calculated amount is large, and the accuracy is reduced under the influence of the working condition. The hardware circuit compensates for the control, which increases hardware complexity and cost.
The T-shaped three-level neutral point potential balance problem affects the quality of output waveforms, the voltage stress of a switching tube and the service life of a bus capacitor, and the reliability and the safe operation of the converter are affected. The midpoint control method based on the traditional SVPWM modulation has more researches, but the problems of large calculated amount, complex vector selection and general control effect generally exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technology, the invention provides a method for controlling the midpoint potential spwm of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier with reduced complexity and improved stability.
The technical scheme adopted for overcoming the technical problems is as follows:
a method for controlling midpoint potential spwm of a t-type three-level pwm rectifier comprises the following steps:
a) Acquiring sine wave u after coordinate inverse transformation in t-type three-level pwm rectifier control system k Will sine wave u k Splitting into upper modulated waves u k1 And lower modulated wave u k2 K= { a, b, c }, a is a phase, b is b phase, c is c phase;
b) By the formula
Calculating to obtain midpoint potential u np In the formula u Cn For the voltage between the midpoint and the busbar negative, u Cp The voltage between the positive and the middle point of the bus;
c) Calculation of the modulation wave u on k-phase k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 At the same time, the adjustment quantity delta u is not zero;
d) By the formula u kz ＝u k +v z Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz ，
e) Calculating the upper limit value Deltau of Deltau max Lower limit value Deltau min ；
f) The adjustment quantity Deltau is limited to obtain Deltau_Lim, if Deltau is more than or equal to Deltau max Then Δu_lim=Δu max If Deltau < Deltau min Then Δu_lim=Δu min If Deltau < Deltau max Or Deltau is greater than or equal to Deltau min Then Δu_lim=Δu;
g) Modulating wave u when k phase k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 And at the same time, when the voltage is not zero, calculating to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k1 And u' k2 ；
h) Modulating wave u when k phase k1 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k1 Greater than the upper carrier u carry1 When the input signal of the first switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high, the input signal of the third switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low, and the modulation wave u is modulated on the k phase k1 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k1 Less than the upper carrier u carry1 When the input signal of the first switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low level and the input signal of the third switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high level, the wave u is modulated under k phase k2 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k2 Greater than the subcarrier u carry2 When the input signal of the second switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high, the input signal of the fourth switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low, and the modulation wave u is modulated under k phase k2 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k2 Less than the lower carrier u carry2 And when the input signal of the second switching tube of the t-type three-level PWM rectifier is low level, the input signal of the fourth switching tube of the t-type three-level PWM rectifier is high level, and the output of the PWM driving signal waveform is completed.
Further, in step a) the formula is passed
Calculating to obtain an upper modulated wave u k1 Min (u) a ,u b ,u c ) Is u a Or u b Or u c U, the minimum value of (2) a Is a sine wave u k A-phase sine wave in u b Is a sine wave u k B-phase sine of (b)Wave, u c Is a sine wave u k A c-phase sine wave in (a); by the formula->
Calculating to obtain lower modulation wave u k2 Wherein max (u a ,u b ,u c ) Is u a Or u b Or u c Is a maximum value of (a).
Further, in step c) the formula is passed
Calculating to obtain k-phase upper modulation wave u k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 Wherein C is the voltage of the DC bus capacitor, C=Cn=Cp, cn is the voltage of the lower capacitor in the t-type three-level pwm rectifier, cp is the voltage of the upper capacitor in the t-type three-level pwm rectifier, i mid For intermediate voltage phase current, T c Is the carrier period.
Further, in step e) the formula is passed
Calculating to obtain an upper limit value Deltau max By the formula->
Calculating to obtain a lower limit value Deltau min ，u max Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz Maximum value of u mid Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz Is a median value of (c).
Further, step g) is performed by the formula u' k1 ＝u k1 The +Deltau_lim is calculated to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k1 By the formula u' k2 ＝u k2 -Deltau_lim is calculated to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k2 。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the SPWM modulation mode based neutral point potential control has small calculated amount and simple calculation, and can completely eliminate alternating current fluctuation and direct current bias voltage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PWM driving waveform generation method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a neutral point potential balance control method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
A method for controlling midpoint potential spwm of a t-type three-level pwm rectifier comprises the following steps:
a) Acquiring sine wave u after coordinate inverse transformation in t-type three-level pwm rectifier control system k Will sine wave u k Splitting into upper modulated waves u k1 And lower modulated wave u k2 K= { a, b, c }, a is a phase, b is b phase, and c is c phase.
b) By the formula
Calculating to obtain midpoint potential u np In the formula u Cn For the voltage between the midpoint and the busbar negative, u Cp Is the voltage between the positive and neutral points of the bus.
c) Calculation of the modulation wave u on k-phase k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 While the adjustment amount deltau is not zero.
d) By the formula u kz ＝u k +v z Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz ，
e) Calculating the upper limit value Deltau of Deltau max Lower limit value Deltau min 。
f) The adjustment quantity Deltau is limited to obtain Deltau_Lim, if Deltau is more than or equal to Deltau max Then Δu_lim=Δu max If Deltau < Deltau min Then Δu_lim=Δu min If Deltau < Deltau max Or Deltau is greater than or equal to Deltau min Then Δu_lim=Δu.
g) Modulating wave u when k phase k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 And at the same time, when the voltage is not zero, calculating to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k1 And u' k2 。
h) Modulating wave u when k phase k1 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k1 Greater than the upper carrier u carry1 When the input signal of the first switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high, the input signal of the third switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low, and the modulation wave u is modulated on the k phase k1 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k1 Less than the upper carrier u carry1 When the input signal of the first switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low level and the input signal of the third switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high level, the wave u is modulated under k phase k2 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k2 Greater than the subcarrier u carry2 When the input signal of the second switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high, the input signal of the fourth switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low, and the modulation wave u is modulated under k phase k2 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k2 Less than the lower carrier u carry2 And when the input signal of the second switching tube of the t-type three-level PWM rectifier is low level, the input signal of the fourth switching tube of the t-type three-level PWM rectifier is high level, and the output of the PWM driving signal waveform is completed.
The SPWM modulation mode is used for controlling the midpoint potential, so that the calculated amount is small, the calculation is simple, the alternating current fluctuation and the direct current bias voltage can be completely realized, the system performance index is improved, the complexity is reduced, and the stability is improved.
Example 1:
in step a) by the formula
Calculating to obtain an upper modulated wave u k1 Min (u) a ,u b ,u c ) Is u a Or u b Or u c U, the minimum value of (2) a Is a sine wave u k A-phase sine wave in u b Is a sine wave u k B-phase sine wave in u c Is a sine wave u k In (a) and (b)A c-phase sine wave; by the formula->
Calculating to obtain lower modulation wave u k2 Wherein max (u a ,u b ,u c ) Is u a Or u b Or u c Is a maximum value of (a).
Example 2:
in step c) by the formula
Calculating to obtain k-phase upper modulation wave u k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 Meanwhile, the regulating quantity delta u is not zero, wherein C is the voltage of a direct current bus capacitor, C=Cn=Cp, cn is the voltage of a middle lower capacitor of a t-type three-level pwm rectifier, cp is the voltage of an upper capacitor of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier, and i mid For intermediate voltage phase current, T c Is the carrier period.
Example 3:
in step e) by the formula
Calculating to obtain an upper limit value Deltau max By the formula
Calculating to obtain a lower limit value Deltau min ，u max Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz Maximum value of u mid Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz Is a median value of (c).
Example 4:
in step g) by the formula u' k1 ＝u k1 The +Deltau_lim is calculated to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k1 By the formula u' k2 ＝u k2 -Deltau_lim is calculated to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k2 。
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The neutral point potential spwm control method of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a) Acquiring sine wave u after coordinate inverse transformation in t-type three-level pwm rectifier control system k Will sine wave u k Splitting into upper modulated waves u k1 And lower modulated wave u k2 K= { a, b, c }, a is a phase, b is b phase, c is c phase;
b) By the formula
Calculating to obtain midpoint potential u np In the formula u Cn For the voltage between the midpoint and the busbar negative, u Cp The voltage between the positive and the middle point of the bus;
c) Calculation of the modulation wave u on k-phase k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 At the same time, the adjustment quantity delta u is not zero;
d) By the formula u kz ＝u k +v z Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz ，
e) Calculating the upper limit value Deltau of Deltau max Lower limit value Deltau min ；
f) The adjustment quantity Deltau is limited to obtain Deltau_Lim, if Deltau is more than or equal to Deltau max Then Δu_lim=Δu max If Deltau < Deltau min Then Δu_lim=Δu min If Deltau < Deltau max Or Deltau is greater than or equal to Deltau min Then Δu_lim=Δu;
g) Modulating wave u when k phase k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 And at the same time, when the voltage is not zero, calculating to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k1 And u' k2 ；
h) Modulating wave u when k phase k1 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k1 Greater than the upper carrier u carry1 When the input signal of the first switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high, the input signal of the third switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low, and the modulation wave u is modulated on the k phase k1 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k1 Less than the upper carrier u carry1 When the input signal of the first switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low level and the input signal of the third switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high level, the wave u is modulated under k phase k2 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k2 Greater than the subcarrier u carry2 When the input signal of the second switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is high, the input signal of the fourth switching tube of the t-type three-level pwm rectifier is low, and the modulation wave u is modulated under k phase k2 Or a new voltage modulated wave u' k2 Less than the lower carrier u carry2 When the input signal of the second switching tube of the t-type three-level PWM rectifier is low level, the input signal of the fourth switching tube of the t-type three-level PWM rectifier is high level, and the output of PWM driving signal waveform is completed;
in step a) by the formula
Calculating to obtain an upper modulated wave u k1 Min (u) a ,u b ,u c ) Is u a Or u b Or u c U, the minimum value of (2) a Is a sine wave u k A-phase sine wave in u b Is a sine wave u k B-phase sine wave in u c Is a sine wave u k A c-phase sine wave in (a); by the formula->
Calculating to obtain lower modulation wave u k2 Wherein max (u a ,u b ,u c ) Is u a Or u b Or u c Is the maximum value of (2);
in step c) by the formula
Calculating to obtain k-phase upper modulation wave u k1 And k-phase lower modulated wave u k2 Wherein C is the voltage of the DC bus capacitor, C=Cn=Cp, cn is the voltage of the lower capacitor in the t-type three-level pwm rectifier, cp is the voltage of the upper capacitor in the t-type three-level pwm rectifier, i mid For intermediate voltage phase current, T c Is a carrier period; />
In step e) by the formula
Calculating to obtain an upper limit value Deltau max By the formula
Calculating to obtain a lower limit value Deltau min ，u max Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz Maximum value of u mid Three-phase sine wave u at any moment after zero sequence is added to sine wave kz Is a median of (2);
in step g) by the formula u' k1 ＝u k1 The +Deltau_lim is calculated to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k1 By the formula u' k2 ＝u k2 -Deltau_lim is calculated to obtain a new voltage modulation wave u' k2 。
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