CN115442189B - Multi-antenna channel estimation method, medium and device suitable for time-frequency space domain - Google Patents
Multi-antenna channel estimation method, medium and device suitable for time-frequency space domain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-antenna channel estimation method, medium and device suitable for a time-frequency space domain. The invention carries out channel estimation through pilot frame data in time-frequency space domain corresponding to different antennas, wherein a time-frequency space domain filtering method is mainly adopted to filter channel noise information, so as to obtain channel information corresponding to each port, OTFS coding is carried out on the channel information on the time-frequency space domain, frequency domain channel information is obtained, channel information corresponding to other ports is calculated in sequence, and a final multi-antenna channel matrix is constructed by utilizing the frequency domain channel information of multiple ports; the channel matrix is utilized to demodulate the MIMO space multiplexing in the frequency domain, so that the throughput of the OTFS system is improved under the high mobile environment, and the problem that the channel estimation method of the OTFS system cannot be suitable for the MIMO space multiplexing is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, medium, and apparatus for multi-antenna channel estimation applicable to a time-frequency space domain.
Background
One of the promises of the new generation of wireless communication systems is that the full-scale support of different types of communication scenarios and application requirements. Among them, an important aspect of communication quality is ensured under high mobility conditions. At present, the construction of China high-speed rail is rapidly developed, and the demands of people for uninterrupted and high-quality communication in travel are synchronously increased, so that the important significance of ultra-high mobility reliable communication is also highlighted. At present, orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is adopted as a basic waveform, so that the implementation complexity of a communication transceiver in a bandwidth channel can be greatly reduced, but challenges are faced in the aspect of high-mobility supporting capability. The ultra-high mobility is expressed as rapid time-varying of channel response in time domain, which causes great pressure on the real-time performance, accuracy, pilot overhead control and the like of channel estimation; ultra-high mobility exhibits a strong doppler effect in the frequency domain, which causes severe inter-subcarrier interference in OFDM systems, which is difficult to cope with conventional transceivers. If mobility support is enhanced simply by shortening the absolute time length of the OFDM symbol, the cyclic prefix duty cycle will correspondingly increase and the spectral efficiency will severely decrease.
In order to cope with the problem of high doppler sensitivity in OFDM modulation in high mobility scenarios, orthogonal time-frequency space (Orthogonal Time Frequency Space, OTFS) modulation techniques are proposed. However, OTFS acquires information such as delay and doppler shift in the delay-doppler plane, and requires multi-antenna channel estimation in the time-frequency space domain.
In the prior art, the OTFS system performs channel estimation by using pilot frequency data in a time-frequency space domain, and estimates a channel matrix by adopting parameters such as multipath power, multipath delay, multipath phase and the like, but the method is only applicable to a single antenna and cannot perform channel estimation of multiple antennas;
For a high-speed moving scene, the MIMO space division multiplexing technology exists, so that the transmission throughput is improved; however, in the field of OTFS in multi-antenna and multi-stream, the existing channel estimation method is not suitable for channel estimation in a multi-antenna environment, so that the MIMO spatial multiplexing technology cannot be used in the field of OTFS, thereby improving the high throughput in a high mobile scenario.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-antenna channel estimation method, medium and device suitable for a time-frequency space domain, so as to solve the problems that the conventional channel estimation method of an OTFS system cannot perform multi-antenna channel estimation and cannot be effectively combined with a MIMO space multiplexing technology, and the OTFS system can be suitable for a high-mobility scene under a single-flow condition, but cannot adopt OTFS pretreatment under a multi-flow condition, so that the OTFS pretreatment has no higher system throughput.
The invention provides a multi-antenna channel estimation method suitable for a time-frequency space domain, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the time-frequency space of the OTFS corresponds to K flow data, K ports and K pilot frames;
step 2: the received signal is subjected to OFDM demodulation to obtain a signal Y;
Step 3: carrying out OTFS decoding on the received signal Y and the parallel K paths to obtain a time-frequency space domain signal Y TF;
Step4: taking out pilot data P from the time-frequency space domain signal Y TF according to the position of the pilot frame;
Step 5: defining a pilot spreading space P_ex, wherein the space data of the pilot spreading space P_ex is initialized to 0;
Step 6: filling pilot data P into pilot spreading space p_ex;
Step 7: performing time-frequency domain two-dimensional windowing filtering processing on the pilot frequency expansion space P_ex filled with the pilot frequency data P to obtain a windowed pilot frequency expansion space P_ex_wn;
step 8: and carrying out OTFS coding on the windowed spread pilot frequency space P_ex_wn to obtain a final frequency domain channel matrix H.
Further, the pilot data position in the pilot expansion space p_ex in step 6 is the same as the pilot position in the received signal Y.
Further, the method for performing the time-frequency domain two-dimensional windowing filtering processing in the step 7 is as follows:
And finding out the maximum value of the pilot data from the pilot data in the pilot expansion space P_ex, and performing time-frequency domain two-dimensional windowing filtering according to the position of the maximum value of the pilot data to obtain a windowed pilot expansion space P_ex_wn.
Further, the method for generating the window coefficient of the two-dimensional windowing filtering process comprises the following steps:
wherein M is the length of the frequency domain dimension of the time-frequency space, M is 0 to (M-1), and a 0 is a set coefficient.
The invention also provides a computer terminal storage medium, which stores computer terminal executable instructions for executing the pilot design method applicable to the OTFS multi-antenna port.
The present invention also provides a computing device comprising:
At least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the pilot design method applicable to OTFS multi-antenna ports as described above.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The invention carries out channel estimation through pilot frame data in time-frequency space domain corresponding to different antennas, wherein a time-frequency space domain filtering method is mainly adopted to filter channel noise information, so as to obtain channel information corresponding to each port, OTFS coding is carried out on the channel information on the time-frequency space domain, frequency domain channel information is obtained, channel information corresponding to other ports is calculated in sequence, and a final multi-antenna channel matrix is constructed by utilizing the frequency domain channel information of multiple ports; the channel matrix is utilized to demodulate the MIMO space multiplexing in the frequency domain, so that the throughput of the OTFS system is improved under the high mobile environment, and the problem that the channel estimation method of the OTFS system cannot be suitable for the MIMO space multiplexing is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly describe the drawings in the embodiments, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a multi-antenna channel estimation method suitable for a time-frequency space domain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of pilot spreading space in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frequency channel matrix H according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment proposes a multi-antenna channel estimation method applicable to a time-frequency space domain, including the following steps:
step 1: the time-frequency space of the OTFS corresponds to K flow data, K ports and K pilot frames;
Step 2: the received signal is subjected to the influences of Doppler, multipath fading delay channels and the like, the signal after OFDM demodulation is Y, the signal Y is K, M and N three-dimensional data, wherein K is the number of ports, M is the number of effective frequency points, and N is the number of time domain symbols;
Step 3: carrying out OTFS decoding on the parallel K paths of the received signal Y to obtain a time-frequency space domain signal Y TF;
Step 4: taking out pilot data P from the time-frequency space domain signal Y TF according to the position of the pilot frame, wherein the pilot data P is K.times.M 1*N1 three-dimensional data;
step 5: defining a pilot spreading space P_ex, wherein the pilot spreading space P_ex is K, M and N three-dimensional data, and the space data of the pilot spreading space P_ex is initialized to 0;
Step 6: filling pilot data P into pilot spreading space p_ex, wherein the pilot data position in pilot spreading space p_ex is the same as the pilot position in received signal Y;
Step 7: finding out the maximum value of pilot data from pilot data in the pilot expansion space P_ex filled with the pilot data P, and performing time-frequency domain two-dimensional windowing filtering according to the position of the maximum value of the pilot data to obtain a windowed pilot expansion space P_ex_wn;
step 8: and carrying out OTFS coding on the windowed spread pilot frequency space P_ex_wn data to obtain a final frequency domain channel matrix H, wherein H is four-dimensional data of K, M and N.
Examples:
taking 4-port 4-stream MIMO as an example, channel estimation in the time-frequency space domain is performed, where the delay-doppler plane is 3276×32, specifically:
The time-frequency space of S1, OTFS corresponds to 4 streams of data, 4 ports and 4 pilot frames, where the pilot frame positions are shown in table 1 below:
Table 1, pilot frame time-frequency domain position:
S2, carrying out OFDM demodulation on signals received by 4 antennas at a receiving end, carrying out Fourier transform (FFT) according to 4096 length, and then selecting effective subcarriers 3276 in 32 symbols to obtain a signal Y of 4X 3276X 32;
s3, carrying out OTFS decoding (time-frequency space domain conversion) on the stream data of the signals Y and 4 according to the formula (1):
Wherein, N is the time dimension length of the time-frequency space, M is the frequency domain dimension length of the time-frequency space, N is 0-N-1, M is 0-M-1, k is 0-N-1, l is 0-M-1, Y is 4 x 3276 x 32, namely the time-frequency space domain signal Y TF;
s4, according to the position of the pilot frame of the port number in the time-frequency space domain, pilot data P is taken out from the three-dimensional time-frequency space data y, and each stream of data has 4 pilot frames, so that the P is 4-dimensional data of 4-100-8;
S5, defining 4*4 groups of pilot frequency expansion spaces, wherein the size of each pilot frequency expansion space is 3276 x 32;
S6, defining channel information H 11D,H21D,H31D,H41 D as 4 groups of pilot frequency data of the time-frequency domain data of the signal received by the antenna 1, defining channel information H 12D,H22D,H32D,H42 D as 4 groups of pilot frequency data of the time-frequency domain data of the signal received by the antenna 2, defining channel information H 13D,H23D,H33D,H43 D as 4 groups of pilot frequency data of the time-frequency domain data of the signal received by the antenna 3, and defining channel information H 14D,H24D,H34D,H44 D as 4 groups of pilot frequency data of the time-frequency domain data of the signal received by the antenna 4;
S7, filling pilot data into the pilot expansion space, as shown in fig. 2, wherein H 11 D pilot data is filled into the pilot expansion time-frequency space, a black grid part is a pilot data filling part, white areas except for pilot frames in fig. 2 are filled with 0, and other pilot data are filled in the same filling mode, and only the positions of the pilot frames are different, so that a pilot expansion space P_ex after the pilot data are filled can be obtained;
S8, performing time-frequency domain two-dimensional windowing filtering processing on the pilot frequency expansion space P_ex filled with the pilot frequency data P to obtain a windowed pilot frequency expansion space P_ex_wn; wherein the generation of window coefficients is performed according to window function formula (2);
wherein M is 3276, M is 0-3275, and a 0 is 0.53836.
S9, carrying out OTFS coding on the windowed extended pilot frequency space P_ex_wn according to a formula (3) to obtain a frequency domain channel matrix H, wherein the frequency domain channel matrix H is expressed as a formula (4):
Where x is the windowed extended pilot space p_ex_wn data, N is 32, m is 3276, and x is OTFS encoded data.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, a computer terminal storage medium is provided, storing computer terminal executable instructions for performing the multi-antenna channel estimation method applicable to the time-frequency space domain as described in the previous embodiments. Examples of the computer storage medium include magnetic storage media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, etc.), optical recording media (e.g., CD-ROMs, DVDs, etc.), or memories such as memory cards, ROMs, or RAMs, etc. The computer storage media may also be distributed over network-connected computer systems, such as stores for application programs.
Furthermore, in some embodiments, a computing device is presented comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the multi-antenna channel estimation method applicable to the time-frequency space domain as described in the previous embodiments. Examples of computing devices include PCs, tablets, smartphones, PDAs, etc.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The multi-antenna channel estimation method suitable for the time-frequency space domain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the time-frequency space of the OTFS corresponds to K flow data, K ports and K pilot frames;
step 2: the received signal is subjected to OFDM demodulation to obtain a signal Y;
Step 3: OTFS decoding is carried out on the received signal Y and the parallel K paths to obtain a time-frequency space domain signal ；
Step 4: from time-frequency space domain signalsThe pilot data P is taken out according to the position of the pilot frame;
Step 5: defining a pilot spreading space P_ex, wherein the space data of the pilot spreading space P_ex is initialized to 0;
Step 6: filling pilot data P into pilot spreading space p_ex; the pilot data position in the pilot spreading space p_ex is the same as the pilot position in the received signal Y;
Step 7: performing time-frequency domain two-dimensional windowing filtering processing on the pilot frequency expansion space P_ex filled with the pilot frequency data P to obtain a windowed pilot frequency expansion space P_ex_wn;
step 8: and carrying out OTFS coding on the windowed spread pilot frequency space P_ex_wn to obtain a final frequency domain channel matrix H.
2. The method for estimating a multi-antenna channel applicable to a time-frequency space domain according to claim 1, wherein the method for performing the time-frequency domain two-dimensional windowing filtering in step 7 is as follows:
And finding out the maximum value of the pilot data from the pilot data in the pilot expansion space P_ex, and performing time-frequency domain two-dimensional windowing filtering according to the position of the maximum value of the pilot data to obtain a windowed pilot expansion space P_ex_wn.
3. The multi-antenna channel estimation method applicable to the time-frequency space domain according to claim 2, wherein the generating method of the window coefficient of the two-dimensional windowing filter process is as follows:
wherein M is the length of the frequency domain dimension of the time-frequency space, M is 0 to (M-1), To set coefficients.
4. A computer terminal storage medium storing computer terminal executable instructions for performing the multi-antenna channel estimation method applicable to the time-frequency space domain according to any of claims 1-3.
5. A computing device, comprising:
At least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the multi-antenna channel estimation method applicable to the time-frequency space domain as claimed in any one of claims 1-3.
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