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CN115435302B - Heat pump steam regeneration system and method utilizing waste heat of winery steam - Google Patents

Heat pump steam regeneration system and method utilizing waste heat of winery steam Download PDF

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CN115435302B
CN115435302B CN202210962756.9A CN202210962756A CN115435302B CN 115435302 B CN115435302 B CN 115435302B CN 202210962756 A CN202210962756 A CN 202210962756A CN 115435302 B CN115435302 B CN 115435302B
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steam
water
condenser
heat
heat pump
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CN115435302A (en
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胡文博
肖楚鹏
王忠东
沈百强
许静
邱泽晶
李骏
李磊
胡泳
郭松
饶尧
娄鹏
俞佳涛
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Wuhan Energy Efficiency Evaluation Co Ltd Of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Shaoxing Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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Wuhan Energy Efficiency Evaluation Co Ltd Of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Shaoxing Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Electric Power Research Institute
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12HPASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
    • C12H6/00Methods for increasing the alcohol content of fermented solutions or alcoholic beverages
    • C12H6/02Methods for increasing the alcohol content of fermented solutions or alcoholic beverages by distillation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F22B33/18Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02Heat pumps of the compression type

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  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Distillation Of Fermentation Liquor, Processing Of Alcohols, Vinegar And Beer (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出了一种利用酒厂蒸汽余热的热泵蒸汽再生系统及方法,该系统包括产酒子系统、蒸汽热泵子系统和蒸汽后处理子系统;所述蒸汽热泵子系统包括热泵压缩机、冷凝器和储液器;所述蒸汽后处理子系统包括闪蒸罐、蒸汽压缩机和多个开关阀;本发明通过在产酒子系统的后端设置蒸汽热泵子系统和蒸汽后处理子系统,采用蒸汽热泵的方式回收白酒生产过程中产生的大量蒸汽余热,并进行适应性的后处理,将该蒸汽余热全部再生成新鲜的热泵蒸汽,对产酒子系统中酒甑加热酒醅所需的蒸汽进行补充,大大降低了白酒生产过程中蒸汽供应端的能耗,提升了能效比。

The present invention proposes a heat pump steam regeneration system and method for utilizing the waste heat of steam from a winery, the system comprising a wine production subsystem, a steam heat pump subsystem and a steam post-processing subsystem; the steam heat pump subsystem comprises a heat pump compressor, a condenser and a liquid storage device; the steam post-processing subsystem comprises a flash tank, a steam compressor and a plurality of switch valves; the present invention arranges a steam heat pump subsystem and a steam post-processing subsystem at the rear end of the wine production subsystem, adopts a steam heat pump method to recover a large amount of steam waste heat generated in the process of liquor production, and performs adaptive post-processing to regenerate all of the steam waste heat into fresh heat pump steam, which supplements the steam required for heating the mash in the wine retort in the wine production subsystem, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption of the steam supply end in the process of liquor production and improving the energy efficiency ratio.

Description

一种利用酒厂蒸汽余热的热泵蒸汽再生系统及方法A heat pump steam regeneration system and method using waste heat from brewery steam

技术领域Technical Field

本发明属于能源系统技术领域,涉及一种热泵蒸汽再生系统及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of energy systems and relates to a heat pump steam regeneration system and method.

背景技术Background Art

中国白酒具有以酯类为主体的复合香味,以曲类、酒母为糖化发酵剂,利用淀粉质(糖质)原料,经蒸煮、糖化、发酵、蒸馏、陈酿和勾兑而酿制而成的各类蒸馏酒。Chinese liquor has a complex aroma with esters as the main body. It uses koji and yeast as saccharification and fermentation agents, and uses starch (sugar) raw materials to brew various types of distilled liquor through cooking, saccharification, fermentation, distillation, aging and blending.

白酒的生产工艺中需要大量的蒸汽,而且在蒸煮排酸环节是敞开式的,会浪费大量的热能。针对这种情况,有些企业采用了二次蒸汽再压缩或直接冷凝热回收再利用等技术方案来节能改造。目前的直接冷凝热回收再利用方案只是聚焦在蒸汽余热端,而没有包括蒸汽供给端。在蒸汽供给端仍然主要是采用锅炉来供应蒸汽。无论是采用燃气、燃油或燃煤的化石能源燃料锅炉,还是电热锅炉,其能效比都小于1,即在生产高品位热能的蒸汽时没有充分利用余热资源。而蒸汽再压缩方案所利用的压缩机往往压缩比较小,升温有限,要想生产合乎温度要求的新鲜蒸汽要么串联个多个压缩机进行多级压缩,要么另外增加辅助电加热设备,无论哪种方式都会降低能效比。The production process of liquor requires a lot of steam, and the boiling and acid removal process is open, which will waste a lot of heat energy. In response to this situation, some companies have adopted technical solutions such as secondary steam recompression or direct condensation heat recovery and reuse to save energy. The current direct condensation heat recovery and reuse solution only focuses on the steam waste heat end, but does not include the steam supply end. At the steam supply end, boilers are still mainly used to supply steam. Whether it is a fossil fuel boiler using gas, oil or coal, or an electric boiler, its energy efficiency ratio is less than 1, that is, when producing high-grade thermal energy steam, the waste heat resources are not fully utilized. The compressor used in the steam recompression solution often has a relatively small compression ratio and limited temperature rise. In order to produce fresh steam that meets the temperature requirements, either multiple compressors are connected in series for multi-stage compression, or auxiliary electric heating equipment is added. Either way will reduce the energy efficiency ratio.

发明内容Summary of the invention

为了解决背景技术中所述的问题,本发明提出了一种利用酒厂蒸汽余热的热泵蒸汽再生系统及方法。In order to solve the problems described in the background technology, the present invention proposes a heat pump steam regeneration system and method using waste heat of winery steam.

本发明的热泵蒸汽再生系统,包括产酒子系统、蒸汽热泵子系统和蒸汽后处理子系统,The heat pump steam regeneration system of the present invention comprises a wine production subsystem, a steam heat pump subsystem and a steam post-processing subsystem.

所述蒸汽热泵子系统包括蒸发分离单元、热泵压缩机、冷凝器、储液过滤单元和经济器;所述冷凝器的输入管道和蒸发分离单元的输入管道均与产酒子系统的余热水输出管道相连接;所述冷凝器的液体输出管道与储液过滤单元相连接,所述储液过滤单元的输出管道与经济器相连;所述经济器产生的工质气液两相流汇入蒸发分离单元,所述蒸发分离单元产生的低温低压的工质蒸汽汇入热泵压缩机中,所述热泵压缩机经过处理产生的高温高压的工质蒸汽汇入冷凝器中;所述冷凝器的蒸汽输出管道与蒸汽后处理子系统相连接。The steam heat pump subsystem includes an evaporation separation unit, a heat pump compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage and filtration unit and an economizer; the input pipeline of the condenser and the input pipeline of the evaporation separation unit are both connected to the waste hot water output pipeline of the wine production subsystem; the liquid output pipeline of the condenser is connected to the liquid storage and filtration unit, and the output pipeline of the liquid storage and filtration unit is connected to the economizer; the gas-liquid two-phase flow of the working fluid generated by the economizer is merged into the evaporation separation unit, the low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid steam generated by the evaporation separation unit is merged into the heat pump compressor, and the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid steam generated by the heat pump compressor after treatment is merged into the condenser; the steam output pipeline of the condenser is connected to the steam post-processing subsystem.

所述蒸汽后处理子系统包括闪蒸罐、蒸汽压缩机和多个开关阀,所述冷凝器的水蒸汽输出管道可经由开关阀与产酒子系统相连接,冷凝器的水蒸汽输出管道可依次经由开关阀及蒸汽压缩机与产酒子系统相连接,冷凝器的水蒸汽输出管道可依次经由开关阀、闪蒸罐及蒸汽压缩机与产酒子系统相连接。The steam post-processing subsystem includes a flash tank, a steam compressor and multiple switching valves. The water vapor output pipeline of the condenser can be connected to the wine production subsystem via the switching valve. The water vapor output pipeline of the condenser can be connected to the wine production subsystem via the switching valve and the steam compressor in turn. The water vapor output pipeline of the condenser can be connected to the wine production subsystem via the switching valve, the flash tank and the steam compressor in turn.

进一步地,所述产酒子系统包括锅炉蒸汽单元、酒甑、冷凝单元、收酒桶和废水桶;所述锅炉蒸汽单元能调节锅炉蒸汽的供应量,锅炉蒸汽单元产生的锅炉蒸汽经由管道进入酒甑中;所述酒甑中产生的蒸汽通过冷凝单元与收酒桶或废水桶相连接;所述冷凝单元的余热水输出管道与蒸汽热泵子系统相连接。Furthermore, the wine production subsystem includes a boiler steam unit, a wine retort, a condensing unit, a wine collecting barrel and a waste water barrel; the boiler steam unit can adjust the supply of boiler steam, and the boiler steam generated by the boiler steam unit enters the wine retort through a pipeline; the steam generated in the wine retort is connected to the wine collecting barrel or the waste water barrel through the condensing unit; the waste hot water output pipeline of the condensing unit is connected to the steam heat pump subsystem.

更进一步地,所述锅炉蒸汽单元包括通过管道依次连接的水箱、电磁阀和锅炉,所述电磁阀用于调节锅炉的进水量。Furthermore, the boiler steam unit includes a water tank, a solenoid valve and a boiler which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the solenoid valve is used to adjust the water intake of the boiler.

更进一步地,所述冷凝单元包括通过循环管道连接的凝气器和再冷器;所述凝气器有两条余热水输出管道,一条余热水输出管道与冷凝器的输入管道相连接,另一条余热水输出管道通过电磁阀与蒸发分离单元的输入管道相连接;所述再冷器的液体排放管可通过开关阀与收酒桶相连,也可通过开关阀与废水桶相连。Furthermore, the condensing unit includes a condenser and a subcooler connected by a circulation pipe; the condenser has two waste hot water output pipes, one waste hot water output pipe is connected to the input pipe of the condenser, and the other waste hot water output pipe is connected to the input pipe of the evaporation separation unit through a solenoid valve; the liquid discharge pipe of the subcooler can be connected to the wine collection barrel through a switch valve, and can also be connected to the waste water barrel through a switch valve.

更进一步地,所述储液过滤单元包括储液器和过滤器;所述储液器的输入管道与冷凝器的液体输出管道相连接,储液器的输出管道与过滤器的输入管道相连接;所述过滤器的输出管道与经济器相连。Furthermore, the liquid storage and filtration unit includes a liquid reservoir and a filter; the input pipe of the liquid reservoir is connected to the liquid output pipe of the condenser, and the output pipe of the liquid reservoir is connected to the input pipe of the filter; the output pipe of the filter is connected to the economizer.

更进一步地,所述经济器设有主流道和次流道两条输入管道,所述主流道与经济器的高温流体通道相连,所述次流道与经济器的低温流体通道相连,次流道上依次设置有电磁阀和膨胀阀;所述经济器产生的工质气液两相流通过管道和设置管道上的电磁阀和膨胀阀与蒸发分离单元相连。Furthermore, the economizer is provided with two input pipelines, a main flow channel and a secondary flow channel. The main flow channel is connected to the high-temperature fluid channel of the economizer, and the secondary flow channel is connected to the low-temperature fluid channel of the economizer. The secondary flow channel is provided with a solenoid valve and an expansion valve in sequence; the gas-liquid two-phase flow of the working fluid generated by the economizer is connected to the evaporation separation unit through the pipeline and the solenoid valve and expansion valve provided on the pipeline.

更进一步地,所述经济器的饱和气通过管道及单向阀与热泵压缩机相连。Furthermore, the saturated gas of the economizer is connected to the heat pump compressor through a pipeline and a one-way valve.

更进一步地,所述蒸发分离单元包括蒸发器和气液分离器;所述蒸发器的输入管道与经济器和凝汽器相连接,蒸发器的输出管道与气液分离器相连接;所述气液分离器的输出管道与热泵压缩机相连。Furthermore, the evaporation separation unit includes an evaporator and a gas-liquid separator; the input pipeline of the evaporator is connected to the economizer and the condenser, and the output pipeline of the evaporator is connected to the gas-liquid separator; the output pipeline of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the heat pump compressor.

更进一步地,所述蒸发器的低温水通过管道及循环水泵汇入产酒子系统的再冷器中,所述再冷器通过循环管道将的低温水汇入凝汽器;所述水箱经由电磁阀和循环水泵与再冷器相连。Furthermore, the low-temperature water of the evaporator is introduced into the subcooler of the wine production subsystem through a pipeline and a circulating water pump, and the subcooler introduces the low-temperature water into the condenser through a circulating pipeline; the water tank is connected to the subcooler via a solenoid valve and a circulating water pump.

本发明的热泵蒸汽再生方法,包括以下步骤:The heat pump steam regeneration method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

步骤一、在产酒子系统中,水箱中的水经由电磁阀汇入锅炉中,由锅炉加热水产生的锅炉蒸汽进入到酒甑中加热酒醅,锅炉蒸汽经过酒醅之后的混合气体经过凝汽器后便冷凝成液体后再经过再冷器进一步降温得到低温液体,低温液体依据酒精含量汇入收酒桶或废水桶中,凝汽器的余热水汇至蒸汽热泵子系统中,水箱中的水经由电磁阀和循环水泵汇至再冷器及凝汽器中补充水量;Step 1: In the wine production subsystem, the water in the water tank is collected into the boiler through the solenoid valve, and the boiler steam generated by the boiler heating water enters the wine steamer to heat the mash. The mixed gas after the boiler steam passes through the mash is condensed into liquid after passing through the condenser, and then further cooled by the recooler to obtain low-temperature liquid. The low-temperature liquid is collected into the wine collection barrel or waste water barrel according to the alcohol content, and the waste water of the condenser is collected into the steam heat pump subsystem. The water in the water tank is collected into the recooler and condenser through the solenoid valve and the circulating water pump to supplement the water.

步骤二、在蒸汽热泵子系统中,凝汽器的一部分余热水通过电磁阀汇入蒸发器中,同时储液器中的液体流入过滤器进行过滤,过滤后的一部分液体通过次流道上的电磁阀和膨胀阀节流降压降温变成气液两相流进入经济器的低温流体通道,过滤后的另一部分液体通过主流道进入经济器的高温流体通道,并与低温流体通道的气液两相流换热,气液两相流吸热变成饱和气后通过单向阀后进入热泵压缩机的补气通道,高温流体通道的液体放热降温后通过电磁阀和膨胀阀节流降压降温变成气液两相流后,汇入蒸发器中与余热水换热蒸发,蒸发器换热蒸发后的低温水通过管道及循环水泵汇至产酒子系统的再冷器及凝汽器中补充水量,蒸发器换热蒸发后通过气液分离器中将液体分离后,得到的低温低压工质蒸汽汇入热泵压缩机中被压缩成高温高压的工质蒸汽;Step 2, in the steam heat pump subsystem, a part of the waste hot water of the condenser is collected into the evaporator through the solenoid valve, and at the same time, the liquid in the liquid reservoir flows into the filter for filtration. A part of the filtered liquid is throttled, depressurized and cooled by the solenoid valve and expansion valve on the secondary flow channel to become a gas-liquid two-phase flow and enter the low-temperature fluid channel of the economizer. Another part of the filtered liquid enters the high-temperature fluid channel of the economizer through the main flow channel and exchanges heat with the gas-liquid two-phase flow of the low-temperature fluid channel. The gas-liquid two-phase flow absorbs heat and becomes saturated gas, and then enters the air supply channel of the heat pump compressor through the one-way valve. The liquid in the high-temperature fluid channel releases heat and cools down, and then passes through the solenoid valve and expansion valve to throttle, depressurize and cool down to become a gas-liquid two-phase flow, and then is collected into the evaporator to exchange heat with the waste hot water and evaporate. The low-temperature water after heat exchange and evaporation in the evaporator is collected through pipelines and circulating water pumps to supplement water in the subcooler and condenser of the wine production subsystem. After heat exchange and evaporation in the evaporator, the liquid is separated in the gas-liquid separator, and the obtained low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid steam is collected in the heat pump compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid steam;

高温高压的工质蒸汽进入冷凝器中,凝汽器的另一部分余热水也汇入冷凝器中,高温高压的工质蒸汽与冷凝器中的余热水进行换热,冷凝器中的余热水吸热后产生的蒸汽汇至蒸汽后处理子系统中,冷凝器中的高温高压的工质蒸汽放热液化后进入储液器;The high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam enters the condenser, and another part of the waste water from the condenser is also collected in the condenser. The high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam exchanges heat with the waste water in the condenser. The steam generated after the waste water in the condenser absorbs heat is collected in the steam post-processing subsystem. The high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam in the condenser releases heat and liquefies and then enters the liquid storage tank.

步骤三、在蒸汽后处理子系统中:Step 3: In the steam post-processing subsystem:

当冷凝器可以产出达到蒸酒所需温度要求的水蒸汽时,调节开关阀,将该水蒸汽直接作为热泵蒸汽汇入酒甑中;When the condenser can produce water vapor that reaches the temperature required for distilling wine, the switch valve is adjusted to directly flow the water vapor into the wine retort as heat pump steam;

当冷凝器产出的水蒸汽低于蒸酒所需温度时,调节开关阀,将该水蒸汽汇入蒸汽压缩机中,进行压缩升温升压后作为热泵蒸汽汇入酒甑中;When the water vapor produced by the condenser is lower than the temperature required for wine distillation, the switch valve is adjusted to collect the water vapor into the steam compressor, and after compression, the water vapor is collected into the wine retort as heat pump steam to increase the temperature and pressure.

当冷凝器中的热量不足以使余热水蒸发成水蒸汽时,调节开关阀,将余热水汇入闪蒸罐中进行吸热闪蒸成水蒸汽后,再汇入蒸汽压缩机中进行压缩升温升压后作为热泵蒸汽汇入酒甑中。When the heat in the condenser is insufficient to evaporate the waste hot water into water vapor, adjust the switch valve to direct the waste hot water into the flash tank for heat absorption and flash evaporation into water vapor, and then into the steam compressor for compression, temperature increase and pressure increase, and then into the wine retort as heat pump steam.

本发明与现有技术相比,通过在产酒子系统的后端设置蒸汽热泵子系统和蒸汽后处理子系统,采用蒸汽热泵的方式回收白酒生产过程中产生的大量蒸汽余热,并进行适应性的后处理,将该蒸汽余热全部再生成新鲜的热泵蒸汽,对产酒子系统中酒甑加热酒醅所需的蒸汽进行补充,大大降低了白酒生产过程中蒸汽供应端的能耗,提升了能效比。Compared with the prior art, the present invention sets a steam heat pump subsystem and a steam post-processing subsystem at the rear end of the wine production subsystem, adopts a steam heat pump method to recover a large amount of steam waste heat generated in the white wine production process, and performs adaptive post-processing to regenerate all of the steam waste heat into fresh heat pump steam to supplement the steam required for heating the mash in the wine retort in the wine production subsystem, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption of the steam supply end in the white wine production process and improving the energy efficiency ratio.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

图1为热泵蒸汽再生系统的结构示意图。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat pump steam regeneration system.

具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION

下面结合附图详细说明本发明的实施情况,但它们并不构成对本发明的限定,仅做举例而已,同时通过说明,将更加清楚地理解本发明的优点。本领域的普通的技术人员能从本发明公开的内容直接导出或联想到的所有变形,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。实施例中所述的位置关系均与附图所示一致,实施例中其他未详细说明的部分均为现有技术。The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but they do not constitute a limitation of the present invention, but are only examples. At the same time, through the description, the advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood. All deformations that can be directly derived or associated with the contents disclosed by ordinary technicians in the field should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The positional relationships described in the embodiments are consistent with those shown in the drawings, and other parts not described in detail in the embodiments are all prior art.

如图1所示的热泵蒸汽再生系统,总体而言,该系统可利用酒厂蒸汽余热再生成新鲜的热泵蒸汽,对产酒子系统中酒甑加热酒醅所需的蒸汽进行补充。该系统由三个子系统组成:产酒子系统、蒸汽热泵子系统和蒸汽后处理子系统。As shown in Figure 1, the heat pump steam regeneration system can use the waste heat of the winery steam to regenerate fresh heat pump steam to supplement the steam required for heating the mash in the wine production subsystem. The system consists of three subsystems: the wine production subsystem, the steam heat pump subsystem, and the steam post-processing subsystem.

在产酒子系统中,水箱、电磁阀4和锅炉构成了锅炉蒸汽单元,水箱出口处的电磁阀4可自动调节锅炉进水量,进而调节锅炉蒸汽的供应量,由锅炉加热水,产生锅炉蒸气进入到酒甑中去加热酒醅。水蒸汽经过酒醅之后,将酒醅中的液态酒精和其他香味成份蒸发成气态,此时的水蒸汽变成了含多种物质的混合气体。该混合气体经过冷凝单元进行冷凝降温,具体地,混合气体经过凝汽器后冷凝成液体,然后再经过再冷器进一步降温,此时的液体就是完成蒸馏的白酒,打开开关阀2,将白酒收集在收酒桶中。酒醅加热到最后,酒精蒸发完毕,酸味物质就会凸显出来,此时就要进入排酸环节,此时通过凝汽器和再冷器冷凝降温出来的液体已经不是白酒,而是无用的废液,从而关闭开关阀2并打开开关阀1,让废液流入废水桶中。产酒过程中的蒸汽余热可以进行回收处理利用,凝汽器有两条余热水输出管道,均与蒸汽热泵子系统相连接。In the wine production subsystem, the water tank, the electromagnetic valve 4 and the boiler constitute a boiler steam unit. The electromagnetic valve 4 at the outlet of the water tank can automatically adjust the water intake of the boiler, and then adjust the supply of boiler steam. The boiler heats the water, and the boiler steam is generated to enter the wine retort to heat the fermented grains. After the water vapor passes through the fermented grains, the liquid alcohol and other flavor components in the fermented grains are evaporated into gaseous state. At this time, the water vapor becomes a mixed gas containing multiple substances. The mixed gas is condensed and cooled by the condensing unit. Specifically, the mixed gas is condensed into liquid after passing through the condenser, and then further cooled by the recooler. At this time, the liquid is the distilled liquor. The switch valve 2 is opened to collect the liquor in the wine collection barrel. When the fermented grains are heated to the end, the alcohol is evaporated, and the acid substances will be prominent. At this time, the acid discharge link will be entered. At this time, the liquid condensed and cooled by the condenser and the recooler is no longer liquor, but useless waste liquid, so the switch valve 2 is closed and the switch valve 1 is opened to allow the waste liquid to flow into the wastewater barrel. The waste heat from steam in the wine production process can be recovered and utilized. The condenser has two waste hot water output pipelines, both connected to the steam heat pump subsystem.

在蒸汽热泵子系统中,打开电磁阀5,凝汽器的一部分余热水通过一条余热水输出管道汇入蒸发器中,与此同时,储液器中的工质流体流入过滤器进行过滤,得到工质流体;工质流体分成两路进入经济器,一路是主流道,一路是次流道;次流道上安装有电磁阀1和膨胀阀1,电磁阀1用于调节流量,膨胀阀1起到减压闪蒸的作用,从而过滤后的一部分工质流体通过次流道上的电磁阀1和膨胀阀2节流降压降温变成气液两相流进入经济器的低温流体通道,过滤后的另一部分工质流体通过主流道进入经济器的高温流体通道,并与低温流体通道的气液两相流换热,气液两相流吸热变成饱和气后通过单向阀后进入热泵压缩机的补气通道,高温流体通道的液体放热降温后,进入电磁阀2和膨胀阀2,电磁阀2同样是用来调节流量,膨胀阀2同样是起到减压闪蒸的作用,从而将高温流体通道的液体节流降压降温变成气液两相流,该气液两相流汇入蒸发器中与余热水换热蒸发,蒸发器换热蒸发后进入气液分离器中,提高进入热泵压缩机之前的蒸汽的干度,从而气液分离器将气液分离后得到的低温低压的工质蒸汽汇入热泵压缩机中,低温低压的工质蒸汽通过热泵压缩机被压缩成高温高压的工质蒸汽后进入冷凝器中。In the steam heat pump subsystem, the solenoid valve 5 is opened, and a part of the waste hot water of the condenser is collected in the evaporator through a waste hot water output pipeline. At the same time, the working fluid in the liquid storage device flows into the filter for filtration to obtain the working fluid; the working fluid is divided into two paths to enter the economizer, one is the main flow channel, and the other is the secondary flow channel; the solenoid valve 1 and the expansion valve 1 are installed on the secondary flow channel, the solenoid valve 1 is used to adjust the flow rate, and the expansion valve 1 plays the role of reduced pressure flash evaporation, so that a part of the working fluid after filtration is throttled, depressurized and cooled by the solenoid valve 1 and the expansion valve 2 on the secondary flow channel to become a gas-liquid two-phase flow and enter the low-temperature fluid channel of the economizer, and the other part of the working fluid after filtration enters the high-temperature fluid channel of the economizer through the main flow channel, and is combined with the gas-liquid two-phase flow of the low-temperature fluid channel. Heat exchange, the gas-liquid two-phase flow absorbs heat and becomes saturated gas, then passes through the one-way valve and enters the air supply channel of the heat pump compressor. The liquid in the high-temperature fluid channel releases heat and cools down, and then enters the solenoid valve 2 and the expansion valve 2. The solenoid valve 2 is also used to adjust the flow rate, and the expansion valve 2 also plays the role of reducing pressure and flash evaporation, thereby throttling, reducing pressure and cooling the liquid in the high-temperature fluid channel into a gas-liquid two-phase flow. The gas-liquid two-phase flow is merged into the evaporator to exchange heat with the waste hot water for evaporation. After the evaporator exchanges heat and evaporates, it enters the gas-liquid separator to increase the dryness of the steam before entering the heat pump compressor, so that the gas-liquid separator merges the low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid steam obtained after gas-liquid separation into the heat pump compressor. The low-temperature and low-pressure working fluid steam is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid steam by the heat pump compressor and then enters the condenser.

在蒸汽热泵子系统中,高温高压的工质蒸汽进入冷凝器中,凝汽器的另一部分余热水通过另一条余热水输出管道汇入冷凝器中,高温高压的工质蒸汽与冷凝器中的余热水进行换热,冷凝器中的余热水吸热后产生的蒸汽汇至蒸汽后处理子系统中,冷凝器中的高温高压的工质蒸汽放热液化后进入储液器。In the steam heat pump subsystem, high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid steam enters the condenser, and another part of the waste hot water from the condenser is collected in the condenser through another waste hot water output pipeline. The high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid steam exchanges heat with the waste hot water in the condenser, and the steam generated after the waste hot water in the condenser absorbs heat is collected in the steam post-processing subsystem, and the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid steam in the condenser releases heat and liquefies and then enters the liquid storage tank.

在蒸汽热泵子系统中,余热水的流动由循环水泵驱动,但不是封闭循环,其中一部分余热水流出凝汽器后进入蒸汽热泵子系统的冷凝器去吸收热量,并蒸发成蒸汽,因此,余热水循环流道需要不断补充水量,具体地,蒸发器换热蒸发后得到的低温水通过管道及循环水泵汇至再冷器及凝汽器中补充水量;同时水箱的补水管上设置有用于调节补水量的电磁阀3,水箱中的水经由电磁阀和循环水泵汇至再冷器及凝汽器中补充水量。另外,再冷器和凝汽器之间是通过循环管道相连接的,两者的水量可相互补充。In the steam heat pump subsystem, the flow of waste hot water is driven by a circulating water pump, but it is not a closed cycle. A portion of the waste hot water flows out of the condenser and enters the condenser of the steam heat pump subsystem to absorb heat and evaporate into steam. Therefore, the waste hot water circulation channel needs to be continuously replenished with water. Specifically, the low-temperature water obtained after heat exchange and evaporation in the evaporator is collected through pipes and circulating water pumps to the subcooler and condenser to replenish water; at the same time, a solenoid valve 3 for adjusting the amount of replenishment is provided on the water supply pipe of the water tank, and the water in the water tank is collected through the solenoid valve and the circulating water pump to the subcooler and condenser to replenish water. In addition, the subcooler and the condenser are connected by a circulating pipe, and the water volume of the two can be supplemented.

在蒸汽后处理子系统中,闪蒸罐和蒸汽压缩机是主要设备。In the steam post-processing subsystem, the flash tank and steam compressor are the main equipment.

当蒸汽热泵子系统的冷凝器可以产出达到蒸酒所需温度要求的水蒸汽时,关闭开关阀3和6,打开开关阀4和7,将该水蒸汽直接作为热泵蒸汽汇入酒甑中,补充酒甑加热酒醅所需的蒸汽。When the condenser of the steam heat pump subsystem can produce water vapor that reaches the temperature required for distilling wine, close the switch valves 3 and 6, open the switch valves 4 and 7, and directly merge the water vapor into the wine retort as heat pump steam to supplement the steam required for heating the mash in the wine retort.

当蒸汽热泵子系统的冷凝器产出的水蒸汽低于蒸酒所需温度时,关闭开关阀3、5和7,打开开关阀4和6,开启蒸汽压缩机,此时水蒸汽进入蒸汽压缩机进行再压缩,将水蒸汽升温升压后作为热泵蒸汽汇入酒甑中,补充酒甑加热酒醅所需的蒸汽。When the water vapor produced by the condenser of the steam heat pump subsystem is lower than the temperature required for distilling wine, close the switch valves 3, 5 and 7, open the switch valves 4 and 6, and start the steam compressor. At this time, the water vapor enters the steam compressor for recompression, and after the temperature and pressure of the water vapor are increased, it is merged into the wine retort as heat pump steam to supplement the steam required for heating the mash in the wine retort.

当蒸汽热泵子系统的冷凝器中的热量不足以使余热水蒸发成水蒸汽时,关闭开关阀4、6和7,打开开关阀3和5,开启蒸汽压缩机,此时余热水首先进入闪蒸罐,部分余热水吸热后闪蒸成蒸汽从闪蒸罐上部的蒸汽出口流出,未闪蒸的余热水被吸走部分热量后降温从闪蒸罐下部流出,作为闪蒸尾水可再次进入冷凝器被加热;闪蒸出来的蒸汽温度往往较低,可将该蒸汽再汇入蒸汽压缩机中进行压缩,升温升压后作为热泵蒸汽汇入酒甑中,补充酒甑加热酒醅所需的蒸汽。When the heat in the condenser of the steam heat pump subsystem is insufficient to evaporate the waste hot water into water vapor, close the switch valves 4, 6 and 7, open the switch valves 3 and 5, and start the steam compressor. At this time, the waste hot water first enters the flash tank, and part of the waste hot water absorbs heat and flashes into steam and flows out from the steam outlet at the top of the flash tank. The waste hot water that has not flashed has part of its heat absorbed and then cools down and flows out from the bottom of the flash tank, and can enter the condenser again to be heated as flash tail water. The temperature of the flashed steam is often low, and the steam can be re-collected into the steam compressor for compression, and after the temperature and pressure are increased, it can be collected into the wine retort as heat pump steam to supplement the steam required for heating the mash in the wine retort.

实施例Example

四川泸州某酒厂采用电锅炉生产蒸汽,汇入酒甑加热酒醅,蒸汽压力0.2MPa,温度120℃,日产原酒500kg,酒精度为65-70°。A winery in Luzhou, Sichuan uses electric boilers to produce steam, which is then fed into the wine retort to heat the mash. The steam pressure is 0.2MPa, the temperature is 120℃, and the daily output of raw wine is 500kg with an alcohol content of 65-70°.

该酒厂分别采用“无蒸汽余热利用系统”、“现有蒸汽余热利用系统”和本发明“热泵蒸汽再生系统”这三种模式下的能耗、经济和环保参数如表1所示。其中,“现有蒸汽余热利用系统”中,将蒸汽余热用作他用,没有将余热转化为可以再次用于生产的蒸汽。The energy consumption, economic and environmental parameters of the winery under the three modes of "non-steam waste heat utilization system", "existing steam waste heat utilization system" and "heat pump steam regeneration system" of the present invention are shown in Table 1. Among them, in the "existing steam waste heat utilization system", the steam waste heat is used for other purposes, and the waste heat is not converted into steam that can be used again for production.

表1各模式的能耗、经济和环保参数表Table 1 Energy consumption, economic and environmental parameters of each mode

从表1中可以看出,“无蒸汽余热利用系统”与“现有蒸汽余热利用系统”的日均蒸汽消耗量和日均耗电量是一样的,都没有针对白酒的生产过程进行节能减排。而本发明“热泵蒸汽再生系统”是将白酒的生产过程中产生的蒸汽余热再次利用在白酒生产所需的蒸汽生产中,提高了酿酒工艺过程中热量的利用率。通过计算,相对于“无蒸汽余热利用系统”与“现有蒸汽余热利用系统”,“热泵蒸汽再生系统”可减少32.5%的日均蒸汽消耗量,日均耗电量和日均电费支出均同比例下降,日均CO2排放量、日均SO2排放量也均同比例下降,实现了高效的节能减排效果。As can be seen from Table 1, the average daily steam consumption and average daily power consumption of the "system without steam waste heat utilization" and the "existing steam waste heat utilization system" are the same, and neither of them has carried out energy conservation and emission reduction for the production process of liquor. The "heat pump steam regeneration system" of the present invention reuses the steam waste heat generated in the production process of liquor in the steam production required for liquor production, thereby improving the utilization rate of heat in the brewing process. Through calculation, compared with the "system without steam waste heat utilization" and the "existing steam waste heat utilization system", the "heat pump steam regeneration system" can reduce the average daily steam consumption by 32.5%, the average daily power consumption and the average daily electricity bill expenditure are reduced by the same proportion, and the average daily CO2 emissions and the average daily SO2 emissions are also reduced by the same proportion, achieving efficient energy conservation and emission reduction effects.

以上结合附图及具体实施例详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides an utilize heat pump steam regeneration system of winery steam waste heat, includes and produces wine subsystem, its characterized in that: the system also comprises a steam heat pump subsystem and a steam post-treatment subsystem;
The steam heat pump subsystem comprises an evaporation separation unit, a heat pump compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage filtering unit and an economizer; the input pipeline of the condenser and the input pipeline of the evaporation separation unit are connected with the waste heat water output pipeline of the wine production subsystem; the liquid storage filtering unit comprises a liquid storage device and a filter, wherein an input pipeline of the liquid storage device is connected with a liquid output pipeline of the condenser, an output pipeline of the liquid storage device is connected with an input pipeline of the filter, and an output pipeline of the filter is connected with the economizer; the economizer is provided with a main runner and a secondary runner, the main runner is connected with a high-temperature fluid channel of the economizer, the secondary runner is connected with a low-temperature fluid channel of the economizer, and the secondary runner is sequentially provided with an electromagnetic valve and an expansion valve; the saturated gas of the economizer is connected with the heat pump compressor through a pipeline and a one-way valve; the working medium gas-liquid two-phase flow generated by the economizer is connected with the evaporation separation unit through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve and an expansion valve which are arranged on the pipeline; the low-temperature low-pressure working medium steam generated by the evaporation separation unit is converged into a heat pump compressor, and the high-temperature high-pressure working medium steam generated by the heat pump compressor after treatment is converged into a condenser; the steam output pipeline of the condenser is connected with the steam post-treatment subsystem;
The steam post-treatment subsystem comprises a flash tank, a steam compressor and a plurality of switch valves, a steam output pipeline of the condenser can be connected with the wine production subsystem through the switch valves, the steam output pipeline of the condenser can be connected with the wine production subsystem through the switch valves and the steam compressor in sequence, and the steam output pipeline of the condenser can be connected with the wine production subsystem through the switch valves, the flash tank and the steam compressor in sequence.
2. A heat pump steam regeneration system utilizing waste heat of winery steam as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the wine producing subsystem comprises a boiler steam unit, a wine steamer, a condensing unit, a wine receiving barrel and a waste water barrel; the boiler steam unit can adjust the supply amount of boiler steam, and the boiler steam generated by the boiler steam unit enters the wine steamer through a pipeline; the steam generated in the wine steamer is connected with a wine receiving barrel or a waste water barrel through a condensing unit; and the waste heat water output pipeline of the condensing unit is connected with the steam heat pump subsystem.
3. A heat pump steam regeneration system utilizing waste heat of winery steam as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the boiler steam unit comprises a water tank, an electromagnetic valve and a boiler which are sequentially connected through pipelines, and the electromagnetic valve is used for adjusting the water inflow of the boiler.
4. A heat pump steam regeneration system utilizing waste heat of winery steam according to claim 3, wherein: the condensing unit comprises a condenser and a recooler which are connected through a circulating pipeline; the condenser is provided with two waste heat water output pipelines, one waste heat water output pipeline is connected with the input pipeline of the condenser, and the other waste heat water output pipeline is connected with the input pipeline of the evaporation separation unit through an electromagnetic valve; the liquid discharge pipe of the recooler can be connected with the wine receiving barrel through a switch valve, and can also be connected with the waste water barrel through a switch valve.
5. A heat pump steam regeneration system utilizing waste heat of winery steam according to claim 3, wherein: the evaporation separation unit comprises an evaporator and a gas-liquid separator; the input pipeline of the evaporator is connected with the economizer and the condenser, and the output pipeline of the evaporator is connected with the gas-liquid separator; and an output pipeline of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the heat pump compressor.
6. A heat pump steam regeneration system utilizing waste heat of winery steam as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the low-temperature water of the evaporator is converged into a recooler of the wine-producing subsystem through a pipeline and a circulating water pump, and the recooler is used for converging the low-temperature water into a condenser through a circulating pipeline; the water tank is connected with the recooler through an electromagnetic valve and a circulating water pump.
7. The heat pump steam regeneration method utilizing the waste heat of the winery steam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
In the wine production subsystem, water in a water tank is collected into a boiler through an electromagnetic valve, boiler steam generated by heating water by the boiler enters a wine steamer to heat fermented grains, mixed gas of the boiler steam after the fermented grains pass through a condenser is condensed into liquid, the liquid is further cooled through a recooler to obtain low-temperature liquid, the low-temperature liquid is collected into a wine receiving barrel or a waste water barrel according to alcohol content, waste heat water of the condenser is collected into a steam heat pump subsystem, and water in the water tank is collected into the recooler and the condenser through the electromagnetic valve and a circulating water pump to supplement water quantity;
In the steam heat pump subsystem, part of residual hot water of a condenser is converged into an evaporator through an electromagnetic valve, meanwhile, liquid in a liquid reservoir flows into a filter for filtering, part of filtered liquid is throttled and depressurized through an electromagnetic valve and an expansion valve on a secondary runner to become a gas-liquid two-phase flow which enters a low-temperature fluid channel of an economizer, the other part of filtered liquid enters a high-temperature fluid channel of the economizer through a main runner and exchanges heat with the gas-liquid two-phase flow of the low-temperature fluid channel, the gas-liquid two-phase flow absorbs heat to become saturated gas and then enters a gas supplementing channel of a heat pump compressor through a one-way valve, the liquid in the high-temperature fluid channel is throttled and depressurized through the electromagnetic valve and the expansion valve to become a gas-liquid two-phase flow after being cooled, and is converged into the evaporator for heat exchange with the residual hot water for evaporation, the evaporated heat exchanged and evaporated evaporator is converged into a recooler of the wine-producing subsystem and a condenser for supplementing water quantity through a low-temperature water pipe and a circulating water pump, and the evaporator exchanges heat and the evaporated liquid is separated through the gas-liquid separator, and the obtained low-temperature high-pressure working medium steam is converged into compressed high-pressure steam in the compressor;
the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam enters a condenser, the other part of waste heat water of the condenser is also converged into the condenser, the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam exchanges heat with the waste heat water in the condenser, the steam generated after the waste heat water in the condenser absorbs heat is converged into a steam post-treatment subsystem, and the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium steam in the condenser is subjected to heat release and liquefaction and then enters a liquid reservoir;
step three, in the steam aftertreatment subsystem:
When the condenser can produce water vapor reaching the temperature requirement required by wine steaming, the switch valve is regulated, and the water vapor is directly used as heat pump vapor to be collected into the wine steamer;
when the water vapor produced by the condenser is lower than the temperature required by wine steaming, the switch valve is regulated, the water vapor is collected into the vapor compressor, and the water vapor is collected into the wine steamer as heat pump vapor after being compressed, heated and boosted;
When the heat in the condenser is insufficient to evaporate the waste heat water into water vapor, the switch valve is adjusted, the waste heat water is converged into the flash tank to absorb heat and flash the water vapor, and then is converged into the vapor compressor to be compressed, heated and boosted, and then is converged into the wine steamer as heat pump vapor.
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CN116951518A (en) * 2023-09-05 2023-10-27 四川华宇瑞得科技有限公司 A comprehensive utilization system of liquor distillation energy and its utilization method

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