CN115434660A - Rotary jet plugging device for oil well - Google Patents
Rotary jet plugging device for oil well Download PDFInfo
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- CN115434660A CN115434660A CN202110619812.4A CN202110619812A CN115434660A CN 115434660 A CN115434660 A CN 115434660A CN 202110619812 A CN202110619812 A CN 202110619812A CN 115434660 A CN115434660 A CN 115434660A
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a rotary leakage plugging device for an oil well, which comprises an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder and an inner cylinder, wherein the middle cylinder is positioned in the outer cylinder, coaxial with the outer cylinder and fixed, the inner cylinder is positioned in the middle cylinder, can rotate relative to the middle cylinder and can move along the axial direction of the middle cylinder, the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of first flow through holes, and the middle cylinder is provided with second flow through holes which are communicated with the first flow through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the rotary plugging device for the oil well further comprises a ball seat assembly, a guide assembly, a spring assembly and a cyclone assembly, wherein the cyclone assembly comprises an annular cyclone which is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer barrel and rotates relative to the outer barrel, the cyclone is provided with a plurality of flow-making inclined holes which are consistent with the first flow through holes in height, the axis of each flow-making inclined hole is inclined relative to the radial direction of the outer barrel, and the angles of the plurality of flow-making inclined holes which are inclined relative to the radial direction of the outer barrel are the same. The rotary plugging device for the oil well sprays the rotational flow plugging liquid during plugging, and solves the problem that the existing plugging equipment vertically shoots the plugging liquid to the well wall to impact the well wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drilling and development of oil gas, in particular to a rotary jet plugging device for an oil well.
Background
In the field of petroleum production, the drilling operation environment is relatively severe no matter on land or sea, multiple unsafe factors exist in the construction process, the lost circulation is a complex problem frequently encountered in the petroleum drilling process, the lost circulation can cause the drilling operation cost to be greatly increased, and the drilling engineering is greatly damaged by the underground complex condition caused by the lost circulation and other underground malignant accidents induced by the lost circulation.
At present, precision tools such as a screw drilling tool, a rotary steering tool, an MWD (measurement while drilling) tool are installed at the bottom of a commonly used drilling tool assembly, when a lost circulation stratum is encountered, a leaking stoppage operation needs to be carried out by using a leaking stoppage material, a large-particle leaking stoppage material can damage the leaking stoppage material through the tool, a pipe column needs to be pulled out from a drill, a large amount of operation time is wasted, and accidents such as well wall collapse, drilling blockage and blowout are easy to occur. Currently, the existing plugging tools mainly have two forms: when the leakage stoppage is needed, the inner channel is plugged through the ball, then the bypass circulation channel is opened through pressing, the circulation leakage stoppage operation is carried out, the leakage stoppage tool is re-repaired after the operation is completed, and although the leakage stoppage operation can be carried out, a large amount of operation time is wasted. The other type is a leakage stopping tool capable of being opened and closed repeatedly, an inner channel is blocked through a ball, then a bypass circulation channel is opened through pressing, circulation leakage stopping operation is carried out, and leakage stopping operation can be carried out repeatedly by adopting a rail design. However, in both schemes, the plugging fluid is sprayed in a flow-lifting mode, namely the spraying direction is perpendicular to the well wall, so that the well wall is easily washed, blocks fall from the well wall, and the plugging effect is achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rotary plugging device for an oil well, which sprays rotational flow plugging liquid during plugging, and solves the problem that the existing plugging equipment vertically shoots the plugging liquid to a well wall to impact the well wall.
The rotary oil well plugging device comprises an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder and an inner cylinder, wherein the middle cylinder is positioned in the outer cylinder, coaxial with the outer cylinder and fixed, the inner cylinder is positioned in the middle cylinder, can rotate relative to the middle cylinder and can move along the axial direction of the middle cylinder, the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of first flow through holes, and the middle cylinder is provided with second flow through holes which are communicated with the first flow through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the rotary oil well plugging device further comprises a ball seat assembly, a guide assembly, a spring assembly and a cyclone assembly, wherein the cyclone assembly comprises an annular cyclone which is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer barrel and rotates relative to the outer barrel, the cyclone is provided with a plurality of flow-making inclined holes which are consistent with the first flow through holes in height, the axes of the flow-making inclined holes are inclined relative to the radial direction of the outer barrel, and the angles of the radial inclination of the flow-making inclined holes relative to the outer barrel are the same.
Preferably, the thickness of the upper edge and the lower edge of the annular swirler is greater than that of the middle part of the annular swirler, an annular cavity is formed between the middle part and the outer wall of the outer barrel, the flow-making inclined hole is arranged in the middle part, and the size of the flow-making inclined hole in the vertical direction is smaller than that of the cavity in the vertical direction.
Preferably, the outer wall of the outer barrel forms an annular clamping groove, the cyclone is located in the clamping groove, the cyclone assembly further comprises two resistance reducing gaskets sleeved in the clamping groove, one of the resistance reducing gaskets is parallel and clings to the upper side wall of the clamping groove, the other resistance reducing gasket is parallel and clings to the lower side wall of the clamping groove, and the cyclone and the resistance reducing gaskets form dynamic sealing.
Preferably, a dynamic seal is formed between the cyclone and the vertical bottom wall of the clamping groove.
Preferably, the number of the flow making inclined holes is the same as the number of the first flow through holes.
Preferably, the outer cylinder comprises an upper section and a lower section, the lower end of the upper section is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower section through threads, the upper side wall of the clamping groove is formed by the lower end face of the lower section, and the upper side wall and the vertical bottom wall of the clamping groove are formed on the lower section.
Preferably, the ball seat assembly is located in the inner tube, the ball seat assembly includes from last ball seat fender ring, last ball seat, well ball seat and the lower ball seat of arranging in proper order down, go up ball seat, well ball seat and the cyclic annular of ball seat down for coaxial setting, the inner tube is equipped with a plurality of third circulation holes, and well ball seat is equipped with a plurality of fourth circulation holes, well ball seat is equipped with the navigation key that upwards stretches out, the inner wall of inner tube is equipped with the constant head tank that is on a parallel with axial extension, well ball seat is equipped with and stretches into thereby make in the constant head tank in so that the navigation key of well ball seat and inner tube synchronous revolution makes a plurality ofly third circulation hole and a plurality of fourth circulation hole one-to-one ground intercommunication.
Preferably, the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes, the middle cylinder is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes, the plurality of first mounting holes and the plurality of second mounting holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a guide structure; the guide structure includes short chutes and long chutes extending in an axial direction, the short chutes and the long chutes being staggered along a circumference of an outer wall of the inner cylinder, and upper ends of the short chutes being aligned with upper ends of the long chutes, the short chutes including upper sections, lower sections, and inclined sections communicating between the upper sections and the lower sections, the inclined sections having lower sidewalls extending downward while circumferentially extending, the long chutes including upper sections, lower sections, and inclined sections communicating the upper sections with the lower sections, the inclined sections of the long chutes having inclined lower sidewalls extending downward while circumferentially extending along the outer wall of the inner cylinder, the guide structure further including first communicating sections communicating the upper sections of the short chutes with upper sections of the adjacent long chutes, the first communicating sections having inclined upper sidewalls extending upward while circumferentially extending along the outer wall of the inner cylinder, the guide structure further including second communicating sections communicating the upper sections of the long chutes with upper sections of another adjacent short chutes, the second communicating sections having inclined upper sidewalls extending upward while circumferentially extending along the outer wall of the inner cylinder; the rotary oil well plugging device further comprises a guide pin, one end of the guide pin penetrates through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole and extends into the guide structure, and the guide pin is matched with the guide structure to form the guide assembly.
Preferably, the number of the first mounting holes is the same as the number of the first circulation holes, and the first mounting holes are located directly below the first circulation holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Preferably, the spring assembly comprises a mandrel located in the outer barrel, a spring cavity is formed between the outer wall of the mandrel and the inner wall of the outer barrel, an external thread at the upper end of the mandrel is matched with an internal thread at the lower end of the inner barrel, the spring assembly further comprises a spring sleeved outside the mandrel and located in the spring cavity, the lower end face of the inner barrel forms an upper limiting stopper for stopping the spring from moving upwards, a lower limiting stopper for stopping the spring from moving downwards is arranged on the inner wall of the outer barrel, a sealing element is further sleeved on the mandrel and located below the spring, and a dynamic seal is formed between the outer wall of the mandrel and the inner wall of the outer barrel.
Compared with the prior art, the rotary oil well plugging device has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the rotary plugging device for the oil well is used for plugging operation, when plugging liquid is sprayed out from the first through hole, liquid flow can impact the cyclone to rotate the cyclone, when the plugging liquid is sprayed out from the flow-making inclined hole of the cyclone, the liquid is inclined to form a rotary fluid which flows to a well wall instead of being vertically sprayed to the well wall, the rotary jet fluid has three-dimensional speed and stronger mixing and entrainment capacity, a backflow zone can be formed near an outlet, the dispersion of plugging material particles is facilitated, the plugging material particles can rapidly enter pores and cracks with various complex shapes and trends, the plugging material particles can be retained and accumulated at a deeper distance, the depth and compactness of the plugging material of a microcrack stratum entering a zone close to the well wall can be effectively improved, the impact on the well wall is reduced, and the bearing pressure of the stratum is improved.
2. The thickness of the upper edge and the lower edge of the annular cyclone is larger than that of the middle part of the annular cyclone, an annular cavity is formed between the middle part of the annular cyclone and the outer wall of the outer barrel, and the cavity can relieve part of impact pressure of leakage plugging liquid.
3. The outer wall of the outer barrel forms an annular clamping groove, the swirler is located in the clamping groove, and the clamping groove enables the swirler to be stably limited at a set position and does not move axially.
4. The urceolus includes upper segment and hypomere, and the lower extreme of upper segment passes through the upper segment fixed connection of screw thread and hypomere, and promptly, the lower extreme of upper segment has the internal thread, and the upper segment of hypomere has the external screw thread, and the last lateral wall of draw-in groove is formed by the lower terminal surface of hypomere, and the last lateral wall of draw-in groove and perpendicular diapire form on the hypomere. When the cyclone separator is installed, the cyclone separator can be installed on the upper section of the lower section of the outer cylinder, and then the upper section is installed on the lower section. This construction makes the mounting of the cyclone simpler and easier to handle, while at the same time a stable construction is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of an oil well rotational flow plugging device according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the oil well swirl containment apparatus of FIG. 1 showing the swirl assembly, ball seat assembly and guide assembly.
Fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional enlarged schematic view of the cyclone and the outer cylinder of the oil well cyclone plugging device in fig. 1 along the linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a cyclone of the oil well cyclone plugging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a middle ball seat of the oil well rotational flow plugging device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic expansion view of a guide structure on an inner cylinder of the oil well rotational flow plugging device according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged partial schematic view of another location of the well whirl plugging device of FIG. 1 showing a spring assembly.
Reference numerals
1, an outer cylinder, 11 upper sections, 12 lower sections, 121 first flow through holes, 122 first mounting holes, 13 clamping grooves, 131 upper side walls, 132 lower side walls, 133 vertical bottom walls and 14 drag reduction gaskets;
2, a middle cylinder, 21 a second flow through hole and 22 a second mounting hole;
3 inner cylinder, 31 third flow through hole, 32 short chute, 321 upper section, 322 lower section, 323 inclined section, 3231 inclined lower side wall, 33 long chute, 331 upper section, 332 lower section, 333 inclined section, 3331 inclined lower side wall, 34 first communication section, 341 inclined upper side wall, 35 second communication section, 351 inclined upper side wall;
4, a guide pin;
5, a cyclone assembly, a 51 cyclone, 511 flow-making inclined holes, 512 cavities, 513 upper edges, 514 lower edges, 515 middle parts and 516 sealing gaskets;
a 6-ball seat assembly, a 61-ball seat retaining ring, a 62-ball seat, a 63-ball seat, a 631-fourth flow hole, a 632-detent key, and a 64-ball seat;
7 spring assembly, 71 mandrel, 72 spring cavity, 73 spring, 74 lower limit stop, 75 sealing element and 76 stop ring.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a rotary plugging device for an oil well, which can be installed on a drilling well and used for repairing the well wall. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the oil well rotary plugging device of the present invention comprises an outer cylinder 1, a middle cylinder 2 located in the outer cylinder 1 and coaxial and fixed with the outer cylinder 1, and an inner cylinder 3 located in the middle cylinder 2 and rotatable relative to the middle cylinder 2 and movable in the axial direction of the middle cylinder 2, wherein the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of first flow through holes 121, and the middle cylinder 2 is provided with second flow through holes 21 communicating with the plurality of first flow through holes 121 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the rotary oil well plugging device further comprises a ball seat assembly 6, a guide assembly, a spring assembly 7 and a cyclone assembly 5, wherein the cyclone assembly 5 comprises an annular cyclone 51 which is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 1 and rotates relative to the outer cylinder 1, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cyclone 51 is provided with a plurality of flow making inclined holes 511 which are consistent with the first flow through holes 121 in height, the axes of the flow making inclined holes 511 are inclined relative to the radial direction of the outer cylinder 1, and the angles of inclination of the flow making inclined holes 511 relative to the radial direction of the outer cylinder 1 are the same.
When the rotary plugging device for the oil well is used for plugging operation, when plugging liquid is sprayed out from the first through hole 121, liquid flow can impact the cyclone 51 to rotate, when the plugging liquid is sprayed out from the flow-making inclined hole 511 of the cyclone 51, the liquid is inclined, and a rotary fluid flows towards a well wall instead of being vertically sprayed towards the well wall, the rotary jet fluid has three-dimensional speed and stronger mixing and entrainment capacity, a backflow zone can be formed near an outlet, so that particles of the plugging material can be dispersed and rapidly enter pores and cracks with various complex shapes and trends, the particles of the plugging material can be retained and accumulated at a deeper distance, the depth and compactness of the plugging material of a microcracked stratum entering a zone close to the well wall can be effectively improved, the impact on the well wall is reduced, and the bearing pressure of the stratum is improved.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the thickness of the upper edge 513 and the lower edge 514 of the annular swirler 51 is greater than that of the middle portion 515, an annular cavity 512 is formed between the middle portion 515 and the outer wall of the outer barrel 1, the cavity 512 can relieve part of the impact pressure of the leakage stoppage, and the flow making inclined hole 511 is provided in the middle portion 515 and has a smaller size in the up-down direction than that of the cavity 512.
As shown in fig. 2, an annular locking groove 13 is formed on an outer wall of the outer cylinder 1, the swirler 51 is located in the locking groove 13, and the locking groove 13 can stably limit the swirler 51 at a set position without axial movement. The cyclone assembly 5 further comprises two drag reduction gaskets 14 sleeved in the clamping groove 13, wherein one drag reduction gasket 14 is parallel and tightly attached to the upper side wall 131 of the clamping groove 13, and the other drag reduction gasket 14 is parallel and tightly attached to the lower side wall 132 of the clamping groove 13, as shown in fig. 4, a sealing gasket 516 is arranged at the edge of the cyclone 51, and dynamic sealing is formed between the sealing gasket and the drag reduction gasket 14. The vertical bottom wall 133 of the slot 13 is provided with a sealing ring, so that a dynamic seal is also formed between the swirler 51 and the vertical bottom wall 133 of the slot 13. In this embodiment, the number of the flow making inclined holes 511 is the same as that of the first flow through holes 121, and is 5, the flow making inclined holes 511 are uniformly arranged along the ring shape of the swirler 51, the first flow through holes 121 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the outer cylinder 1, and the second flow through holes 21 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the middle cylinder 2.
In this embodiment, the outer barrel 1 includes an upper section 11 and a lower section 12, a lower end of the upper section 11 is fixedly connected with an upper end of the lower section 12 through a screw thread, that is, a lower end of the upper section 11 has an internal screw thread, an upper end of the lower section 12 has an external screw thread, an upper side wall 131 of the card slot 13 is formed by a lower end surface of the lower section 12, and an upper side wall 131 and a vertical bottom wall of the card slot 13 are formed on the lower section 12. When mounting, the swirler 51 can be mounted on the upper end of the lower section 12 of the outer barrel 1, and then the upper section and the lower section 11 can be mounted together by screw threads on the lower section 12. This construction makes the mounting of the swirler 51 simpler and easier to handle, while at the same time a stable construction is achieved.
The ball seat assembly 6 is located in the inner tube 3, as shown in fig. 2, the ball seat assembly 6 includes a ball seat retaining ring 61, an upper ball seat 62, a middle ball seat 63 and a lower ball seat 64 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper ball seat 62, the middle ball seat 63 and the lower ball seat 64 are in the shape of a ring coaxially arranged, the inner tube 3 is provided with a plurality of third flow holes 31, and the middle ball seat 63 is provided with a plurality of fourth flow holes 631. As shown in fig. 5, the middle ball seat 63 is provided with a positioning key 632 extending upwards, the inner wall of the inner cylinder 3 is provided with a positioning groove (not shown) extending in parallel with the axial direction, the positioning key 632 extends into the positioning groove so as to enable the middle ball seat 63 and the inner cylinder 3 to rotate synchronously, and the plurality of third through holes 31 and the plurality of fourth through holes 631 are communicated in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In this embodiment, the upper and lower seats 62, 64 are made of a resilient material, such as a polyurethane material, and the middle of the inner walls of the upper and lower seats 62, 64 are slightly bulged inwardly such that the inner diameter of the middle portion is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the upper and lower rims. The middle ball seat 63 is made of hard alloy materials and ceramic materials are sprayed on the surface of the hard alloy materials. The reason for this will be described below in the description of the working principle of the oil well rotary plugging device.
The outer cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes 122, the middle cylinder 2 is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes 22, the plurality of first mounting holes 122 and the plurality of second mounting holes 22 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3 is provided with a guide structure; as shown in fig. 6, the guide structure includes a short slide groove 32 and a long slide groove 33 extending in the axial direction, and in the present embodiment, the short slide groove 32 and the long slide groove 33 are formed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3. The short chutes 32 and the long chutes 33 are staggered along the circumference of the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3, and the upper ends of the short chutes 32 are aligned with the upper ends of the long chutes 33, and the short chute 32 includes an upper section 321, a lower section 322, and an inclined section 323 communicating between the upper section 321 and the lower section 322, the inclined section 323 having an inclined lower side wall 3231 extending downward while circumferentially. The long chute 33 includes an upper section 33, a lower section 332, and an inclined section 333 which communicates the upper section 331 with the lower section 332, the inclined section 333 having an inclined lower side wall 3331 which extends downward while following the circumference of the outer wall of the inner tube 3, the guide structure further including a first communicating section 34 which communicates the upper section of the short chute 32 with the upper section of the adjacent long chute 33, the first communicating section 34 having an inclined upper side wall 341 which extends upward while following the circumference of the outer wall of the inner tube 3, the guide structure further including a second communicating section 35 which communicates the upper section of the long chute 33 with the upper section of the adjacent another short chute 32, the second communicating section 35 having an inclined upper side wall 351 which extends upward while following the circumference of the outer wall of the inner tube 3; the guide assembly further comprises a guide pin 4, one end of the guide pin passes through the first mounting hole 122 and the second mounting hole 22 and extends into the guide structure, the guide pin 4 is fixedly mounted in the first mounting hole 122, and the guide pin 4 and the guide structure are matched to form the guide assembly.
The number of the first mounting holes 122 is the same as that of the first flow through holes 121, and a plurality of the first mounting holes 122 are located directly below the plurality of the first flow through holes 121 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The spring assembly 7 includes a core shaft 71 located in the outer tube 1, as shown in fig. 7, a spring cavity 72 is formed between an outer wall of the core shaft 71 and an inner wall of the outer tube 1, an external thread at an upper end of the core shaft 71 is matched with an internal thread at a lower end of the inner tube 3, the spring assembly 7 further includes a spring 73 sleeved outside the core shaft 71 and located in the spring cavity 72, a lower end face of the inner tube 3 forms an upper limit stopper for blocking the spring 73 from moving upwards, the inner wall of the outer tube 1 is provided with a lower limit stopper 74 for blocking the spring 73 from moving downwards, the core shaft 71 is further sleeved with a sealing element 75, the sealing element 75 is a floating piston, the sealing element 75 is located below the spring 73 and is formed between the outer wall of the core shaft 71 and the inner wall of the outer tube 1 to form a dynamic seal, and a stopper ring 76 is arranged at a lower end of the core shaft 71.
The working principle of the oil well rotary plugging device of the invention is described below by combining the structures of the ball seat assembly 6, the guide assembly and the spring assembly 7:
during normal drilling, the drilling fluid inner barrel 3 passes downward, and the ball seat assembly 6 is higher than the swirler 51 under the action of the spring 73. One end of the guide pin 4 is now located in the long runner 33 of the guide structure at position a. When plugging is needed, a switching ball is thrown into the upper ball seat 62, the switching ball blocks the hole of the upper ball seat 62, the pressure of the liquid above the upper ball seat 62 is increased, the ball seat assembly 6 and the inner cylinder 3 are pushed to move downwards together, and meanwhile, the guide structure on the inner cylinder 3 moves downwards relative to the guide pin 4. As the ball seat assembly 6 continues to move downward from the position B where the guide pin 4 enters the long chute 33, the guide structure is rotated to the left in fig. 6 with respect to the guide pin 4 by the inclined upper side wall 131 of the second communication section 36 of the guide structure, so that the inner cylinder 3 rotates the ball seat 63. When the guide pin 4 is in position C, the ball seat assembly 6 is in the position shown in figure 2. When the pressure is further applied, the upper ball seat 62 is pressed to deform and allow the switching ball to pass through, and the switching ball continues to be washed away downwards after passing through the middle ball seat 63 and the lower ball seat 64, and finally is captured by a ball catcher, which is the prior art. The middle portions 515 of the inner walls of the upper and lower ball seats 62 and 64 are formed of an elastic material in order to block the upper ball seat 62 when the pressure of the fluid is small, thereby pushing the ball seat assembly 6 to move down, and to pass through the three ball seats when the pressure is large enough. The middle ball seat 63 is made of hard alloy material and coated with ceramic material on the surface, which can improve the strength and the wear resistance, and the inner diameter of the middle ball seat is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the upper ball seat 62 and the lower ball seat 64, so that the switching ball and the isolation ball below can pass through smoothly under the action of liquid pressure.
The switching ball is washed away and then is thrown into the lower ball seat 64, and meanwhile, the leakage-blocking liquid enters the outer barrel 1 from the upper part, and the hole of the lower ball seat 64 is blocked by the isolation ball to prevent the leakage-blocking liquid from continuously flowing downwards. In the process, the downward liquid pressure borne by the ball seat assembly 6 is reduced, so that under the action of the spring 73, the ball seat assembly 6 and the inner cylinder 3 move upwards, in the process of moving upwards, the inclined lower side wall 132 of the short chute 32 of the guide structure meets the guide pin 4, namely the position D of the guide pin 4, and the ball seat assembly 6 is driven to rotate to the left in fig. 6 under the action of the guide pin 4 until the guide pin 4 enters the position E, at the moment, the third through hole 31 of the inner cylinder 3 is aligned with the second through hole 21 of the middle cylinder 2, the plugging passage is opened, the plugging liquid enters the swirler 51 after passing through the fourth through hole 631, the third through hole 31, the second through hole 21 and the first through hole 121, and a rotating jet is formed under the action of the swirler 51.
After the plugging is completed, the plugging fluid is pressurized, the spring 73 is compressed again, the ball seat assembly 6 moves downwards, and after the guide pin 4 enters the position F, the upper inclined side wall 351 of the second communication section 35 drives the inner cylinder 3 and the middle ball seat 63 to continue rotating towards the left side in fig. 6 under the action of the guide pin 4, and enters the upper section of the long chute 33 until the position G, and at this time, the second communication hole 21 and the third communication hole 31 are gradually staggered. The plugging liquid is continuously pressurized, the isolation ball is washed away by the plugging liquid, the liquid pressure is reduced, the ball seat assembly 6 rises under the action of the spring force, the position of the guide pin 4 is H, the lower inclined side wall 3331 of the long chute 33 meets the guide pin 4, the guide structure drives the inner cylinder 3 and the middle ball seat 63 to continuously rotate towards the left side in the figure 6 to enter the lower section of the long chute 33, the second communicating hole 21 and the third communicating hole 31 are completely staggered, and the plugging channel is completely closed. The ball seat assembly 6 and the inner cylinder 3 rise under the action of the spring force until the guide pin 4 reaches the position A', and one-time leaking stoppage operation is completed.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rotary leakage plugging device for an oil well is characterized by comprising an outer cylinder, a middle cylinder which is positioned in the outer cylinder, coaxial with the outer cylinder and fixed, and an inner cylinder which is positioned in the middle cylinder, can rotate relative to the middle cylinder and can move along the axial direction of the middle cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of first flow through holes, and the middle cylinder is provided with second flow through holes which are communicated with the first flow through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the rotary oil well plugging device further comprises a ball seat assembly, a guide assembly, a spring assembly and a cyclone assembly, wherein the cyclone assembly comprises an annular cyclone which is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer barrel and rotates relative to the outer barrel, the cyclone is provided with a plurality of flow-making inclined holes which are consistent with the first flow through holes in height, the axes of the flow-making inclined holes are inclined relative to the radial direction of the outer barrel, and the angles of the radial inclination of the flow-making inclined holes relative to the outer barrel are the same.
2. The rotary oil well plugging device of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the upper and lower edges of the annular swirler is greater than that of the middle portion thereof, an annular cavity is formed between the middle portion and the outer wall of the outer barrel, and the flow-making slant hole is provided in the middle portion and has a dimension in the vertical direction smaller than that of the cavity.
3. The rotary oil well plugging device according to claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the outer cylinder forms an annular clamping groove, the swirler is located in the clamping groove, the swirl assembly further comprises two drag reduction gaskets sleeved in the clamping groove, one of the drag reduction gaskets is parallel to and tightly attached to the upper side wall of the clamping groove, the other drag reduction gasket is parallel to and tightly attached to the lower side wall of the clamping groove, and a dynamic seal is formed between the swirler and the drag reduction gaskets.
4. The rotary oil well plugging device according to claim 3, wherein a dynamic seal is formed between said swirler and a vertical bottom wall of said snap groove.
5. The rotary well plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the number of said flow-making slant holes is the same as the number of said first flow through holes.
6. The rotary oil well plugging device according to claim 3, wherein said outer cylinder comprises an upper section and a lower section, a lower end of said upper section is fixedly connected with an upper end of said lower section by means of a screw thread, an upper side wall of said catch groove is formed by a lower end face of said lower section, and an upper side wall and a vertical bottom wall of said catch groove are formed on said lower section.
7. The rotary oil well plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the ball seat assembly is located in the inner cylinder, the ball seat assembly comprises a ball seat retaining ring, an upper ball seat, a middle ball seat and a lower ball seat which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper ball seat, the middle ball seat and the lower ball seat are coaxially arranged in a ring shape, the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of third flow holes, the middle ball seat is provided with a plurality of fourth flow holes, the middle ball seat is provided with a positioning key which extends upwards, the inner wall of the inner cylinder is provided with a positioning groove which extends in parallel to the axial direction, and the middle ball seat is provided with a positioning key which extends into the positioning groove so that the middle ball seat and the inner cylinder synchronously rotate, and the plurality of third flow holes and the plurality of fourth flow holes are communicated in one-to-one correspondence.
8. The rotary oil well plugging device according to claim 7, wherein said outer cylinder is provided with a plurality of first mounting holes, said middle cylinder is provided with a plurality of second mounting holes, said plurality of first mounting holes and said plurality of second mounting holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and an outer wall of said inner cylinder is provided with a guide structure; the guide structure includes short chutes and long chutes extending in an axial direction, the short chutes and the long chutes being staggered along a circumference of the outer wall of the inner barrel, and upper ends of the short chutes being aligned with upper ends of the long chutes, the short chutes including upper sections, lower sections, and inclined sections communicating between the upper sections and the lower sections, the inclined sections having lower side walls extending downward while circumferentially extending, the long chutes including upper sections, lower sections, and inclined sections communicating the upper sections with the lower sections, the inclined sections of the long chutes having inclined lower side walls extending downward while circumferentially extending along the outer wall of the inner barrel, the guide structure further including first communication sections communicating the upper sections of the short chutes with adjacent upper sections of the long chutes, the first communication sections having inclined upper side walls extending upward while circumferentially extending along the outer wall of the inner barrel, the guide structure further including second communication sections communicating the upper sections of the long chutes with adjacent upper sections of another short chute, the second communication sections having inclined upper side walls extending upward while circumferentially extending along the outer wall of the inner barrel; the rotary plugging device for the oil well further comprises a guide pin, one end of the guide pin penetrates through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole and extends into the guide structure, and the guide pin and the guide structure are matched to form the guide assembly.
9. An oil well rotary plugging device according to claim 8, wherein the number of said first mounting holes is the same as the number of said first flow through holes, and a plurality of said first mounting holes are located right below a plurality of said first flow through holes in one-to-one correspondence.
10. The rotary oil well plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the spring assembly comprises a mandrel located in the outer cylinder, a spring cavity is formed between the outer wall of the mandrel and the inner wall of the outer cylinder, an external thread at the upper end of the mandrel is matched with an internal thread at the lower end of the inner cylinder, the spring assembly further comprises a spring sleeved outside the mandrel and located in the spring cavity, the lower end face of the inner cylinder forms an upper limit stop for blocking the upward movement of the spring, the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a lower limit stop for blocking the downward movement of the spring, the mandrel is further sleeved with a sealing element, and the sealing element is located below the spring and forms a dynamic seal between the outer wall of the mandrel and the inner wall of the outer cylinder.
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| CN202110619812.4A CN115434660A (en) | 2021-06-03 | 2021-06-03 | Rotary jet plugging device for oil well |
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