CN115419405A - Integrated equipment for digging, anchoring and protecting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel mining equipment, in particular to a digging, anchoring and protecting integrated device which comprises a rack, a drum-type cutting mechanism, a shovel plate mechanism, a supporting device, a main anchor drilling device, a side anchor drilling device, a middle top anchor drilling device and a bottom side anchor drilling device, wherein the main anchor drilling device, the side anchor drilling device, the middle top anchor drilling device and the bottom side anchor drilling device are sequentially arranged from front to back; the main anchor drilling device is mainly used for top anchoring and side wall anchor, the side anchor drilling device is used for supplementary anchoring, the middle top anchor drilling device is used for anchoring a corresponding position of an avoidance area in the middle of the main anchor drilling device, and the bottom side anchor drilling device is used for anchoring the bottom side. The tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated equipment provided by the invention can meet the basic requirements of excavation and mining, integrates excavation, anchoring and protecting into a whole, shortens the supporting time, improves the construction efficiency, can anchor the full section through the matching of the four anchoring devices, greatly improves the supporting capability, can be suitable for comprehensive excavation of most coal roadways, and has stronger adaptability.

Description

Integrated equipment for digging, anchoring and protecting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel mining equipment, in particular to a digging, anchoring and protecting integrated device.

Background

At present, the coal road fully mechanized excavation is mainly divided into two types: EBZ series longitudinal shaft type tunneling machine and tunneling and anchoring integrated machine. The EBZ series longitudinal shaft type heading machine has the advantages of strong applicability, mature technology, common use, average monthly footage of 180-280 meters, no integrated anchor rod drilling machine, supporting operation accounting for more than 80% of the whole operation, and low construction efficiency; the tunneling and anchoring integrated machine of the integrated anchor rod drilling machine has the average monthly footage of 400-480 meters, but has poor adaptability and strict requirements on the geological conditions of a tunneling roadway due to limited supporting capability.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical defect that the construction efficiency and the adaptability of the existing tunneling equipment cannot be achieved at the same time, the invention provides tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated equipment.

The invention provides a digging, anchoring and protecting integrated device, which comprises:

the device comprises a rack, wherein a traveling mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack, and a conveying mechanism penetrating through the rack in the front-back direction is arranged in the rack;

the drum-type cutting mechanism comprises a drum-type cutting head, a cutting swing arm and a cutting driving piece, wherein the axis of the drum-type cutting head is arranged in the left-right direction, one end of the cutting swing arm is connected with the drum-type cutting head, the other end of the cutting swing arm is hinged with the rack, and the cutting driving piece is fixed on the rack and is suitable for driving the cutting swing arm to swing in a vertical plane in the front-back direction;

the shovel plate mechanism is positioned at the front end of the rack and below the drum-type cutting head, and is in butt joint with the conveying mechanism;

the main anchor drilling device comprises two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, an avoidance area suitable for avoiding the cutting swing arm is reserved between the two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms, each group of main anchor drilling mechanisms comprises a main top anchor drilling machine and a main top anchor drilling machine, the main top anchor drilling machine is positioned outside the main top anchor drilling machine in the left-right direction, all the main anchor drilling mechanisms are driven to move in the front-back direction and eccentrically rotate around a vertical shaft, and the main top anchor drilling machine is driven to stretch out and draw back along the axis of the main top anchor drilling machine and rotate around a horizontal shaft;

the anchor drilling device is positioned behind the main anchor drilling device and comprises two groups of anchor drilling mechanisms which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, and each anchor drilling mechanism comprises an anchor drilling machine which is driven to lift, translate in the front-back direction, translate in the left-right direction and rotate around the axis arranged in the front-back direction;

the middle anchor-jacking drilling device is positioned behind the anchor-side drilling device and corresponds to an avoidance area between the two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms in the front-rear direction, and comprises a middle anchor-jacking drilling machine which is driven to translate in the front-rear direction and in the left-right direction;

the bottom side anchor drilling device is positioned at the rear end of the rack and comprises two groups of bottom side anchor drilling mechanisms which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, each bottom side anchor drilling mechanism comprises a bottom side anchor drilling machine, and the bottom side anchor drilling machines are driven to rotate around axes which are arranged in the front-back direction;

and the supporting device comprises a supporting mesh plate which is horizontally arranged, the supporting mesh plate is positioned above the main anchor drilling device, and the supporting mesh plate is driven to be lifted and move in the front-rear direction.

Optionally, the drum-type cutting head comprises:

the cutting head body is connected with the cutting swing arm;

the two groups of extended cutting heads are respectively coaxially sleeved on the inner sides of two ends of the cutting head body, and the extended cutting heads can be driven to slide along the axial direction of the cutting head body to extend outwards from the cutting head body.

Optionally, the blade mechanism includes:

the shovel plate base is connected to the front end of the rack through a shovel plate connecting arm;

two sets of shovel board subassemblies are located respectively both ends about the shovel board base leave between two sets of shovel board subassemblies and arrange the material district with conveying mechanism docks, the shovel board subassembly includes down fixed shovel board, lower activity shovel board and last activity shovel board, lower fixed shovel board is fixed in on the shovel board base, down the activity shovel board is installed under and on the fixed shovel board and driven can be relative fixed shovel board horizontal slip extremely overhanging in under fixed shovel board, the lower extreme of going up the activity shovel board articulate in the top of lower activity shovel board, the middle part of going up the activity shovel board articulate through sharp driving piece in order to realize the upset on the shovel board linking arm.

Optionally, the main anchor drilling mechanism further comprises:

a sliding platform, the sliding direction of which is the front-back direction;

the first support shaft is rotatably mounted on the sliding platform and is vertically arranged, and the first support shaft is driven to rotate;

the fixing piece of the first horizontal sliding pair is fixed on the first supporting shaft;

the main top anchor drilling machine is fixed on the sliding piece of the first horizontal sliding pair, and the axis of the main top anchor drilling machine is vertically arranged.

Optionally, the main anchor drilling mechanism further comprises:

the second supporting shaft is rotatably arranged on the sliding platform and is vertically arranged, and the second supporting shaft is driven to rotate;

the fixing piece of the second horizontal sliding pair is fixed on the second supporting shaft;

the fixed part of the rotating pair is fixed on the sliding part of the second horizontal sliding pair, and the rotating shaft of the rotating pair is horizontally arranged;

a fixed part of the telescopic pair is fixed on a rotating part of the rotating pair, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic pair is vertical to the rotating shaft of the rotating pair;

the main top slope anchoring drilling machine is fixed on the movable piece of the telescopic pair, and the axis of the main top slope anchoring drilling machine is parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic pair.

Optionally, the supporting device still includes the extension supporting mechanism, the extension supporting mechanism is equipped with two sets ofly and is located respectively the left and right sides of main anchor bores the device, the extension supporting mechanism includes:

the fixed part of the left and right telescopic driving pair is fixed on the sliding platform;

the expansion main frame is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the expansion main frame is fixed on the movable piece of the left and right telescopic driving pair;

the upper expansion frame is arranged in the expansion main frame and is driven to slide upwards to extend out of the expansion main frame;

the front expansion frame is installed in the expansion main frame and driven to slide forwards to extend out of the expansion main frame.

Optionally, the anchor drilling mechanism further includes:

the fixing piece of the left-right sliding pair is fixed on the rack;

the fixed part of the up-down sliding pair is fixed on the sliding part of the left-right sliding pair;

the fixed part of the rotating pair is fixed on the sliding part of the up-and-down sliding pair, and the rotating shaft of the rotating pair is arranged in front and back;

a front-rear sliding pair, the fixed part of which is fixed on the rotating part of the rotating pair;

the anchor drilling machine is fixed on the sliding piece of the front and rear sliding pair, and the axis of the anchor drilling machine is perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the rotating pair.

Optionally, the supporting device further includes:

the fixed part of the lifting driving pair is fixed on the rack;

the fixed part of the front and rear driving pair is fixed on the movable part of the lifting driving pair;

and the supporting screen plate is fixed on the movable piece of the front and rear driving pair.

Optionally, the left end and the right end of the front part of the supporting mesh plate are both provided with a detection guard plate, and the detection guard plates are driven to slide forwards to extend out of the supporting mesh plate.

Optionally, still include the water detection and bore the device, the water detection and bore the device and install on the cutting swing arm, the water detection and bore the device and include:

the connecting plate is rotatably arranged on the cutting swing arm, and a rotating shaft is vertically arranged;

one end of the installation batten is hinged to the connecting plate, the hinged shaft is horizontally arranged, and the other end of the installation batten is connected with the connecting plate through a jacking mechanism;

and the water exploration drilling machine is fixed on the installation batten.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:

the invention provides a digging, anchoring and protecting integrated device which is provided with a rack, a drum type cutting mechanism and a shovel plate mechanism and can meet the basic requirements of excavation and mining; the anchor drilling device is correspondingly provided with a supporting device, digging, anchoring and protecting are integrated into a whole, supporting time is shortened, construction efficiency is improved, the full-section can be anchored through the cooperation of the four anchoring devices, supporting capacity is greatly improved, the anchor drilling device can be suitable for most coal roadways to realize comprehensive digging, and adaptability is higher.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of the integrated excavating, anchoring and supporting equipment according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a drum-type cutting head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a blade mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the distribution position of the main anchor drilling device according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a main anchor drilling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchor drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an intermediate roof bolt drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a bottom side anchor drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a supporting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a supporting device (with an extended supporting mechanism removed) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an extended support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a water drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein:

1. a frame; 11. a traveling mechanism; 12. a transport mechanism; 2. a drum type cutting mechanism; 21. a drum-type cutting head; 211. a cutting head body; 212. expanding the cutting head; 22. cutting the swing arm; 3. a blade mechanism; 31. a blade base; 32. a blade assembly; 321. a lower fixed shovel plate; 322. a lower movable shovel plate; 323. an upper movable shovel plate; 33. a discharge zone; 4. a main anchor drilling device; 41. a main anchor drill mechanism; 411. a main top anchor drilling machine; 412. a main top anchor drilling machine; 413. a sliding platform; 414. a first support shaft; 415. a second support shaft; 416. a revolute pair; 417. a telescopic pair; 5. an anchor drilling device is helped; 51. an anchor drilling mechanism; 511. anchoring and drilling machines; 512. a left-right sliding pair; 513. an up-down sliding pair; 514. a revolute pair; 515. a front and rear sliding pair; 6. a middle roof bolting drill device; 61. a middle roof bolting rig; 62. a front and rear linear motion pair; 63. a left and right linear motion pair; 7. a bottom edge anchor drilling device; 71. a bottom edge anchor drill mechanism; 711. the bottom edge anchor drilling machine; 712. a rotary kinematic pair; 8. a support device; 81. supporting a screen plate; 811. detecting a guard plate; 82. expanding a supporting mechanism; 821. the left and right telescopic driving pairs; 822. expanding the main frame; 823. an upper expansion frame; 824. a front expansion frame; 83. a lifting driving pair; 84. a front and rear driving pair; 9. a water drilling device; 91. a connecting plate; 92. installing a batten; 93. a jacking mechanism; 94. a water exploration drilling machine.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention may be more clearly understood, a solution of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiment described in this specification is only one embodiment of the invention, and not all embodiments.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, a tunneling, anchoring and protecting integrated device is provided, which comprises a frame 1, a drum-type cutting mechanism 2, a shovel plate mechanism 3, a main anchor drilling device 4, a side anchor drilling device 5, a middle top anchor drilling device 6, a bottom side anchor drilling device 7 and a supporting device 8; the bottom of the frame 1 is provided with a traveling mechanism 11, and a conveying mechanism 12 which penetrates through the frame 1 in the front-back direction is arranged in the frame 1; the drum-type cutting mechanism 2 comprises a drum-type cutting head 21, a cutting swing arm 22 and a cutting driving piece, the axis of the drum-type cutting head 21 is arranged in the left-right direction, one end of the cutting swing arm 22 is connected with the drum-type cutting head 21, the other end of the cutting swing arm is hinged with the rack 1, and the cutting driving piece is fixed on the rack 1 and is suitable for driving the cutting swing arm 22 to swing in a vertical plane in the front-back direction; the shovel plate mechanism 3 is positioned at the front end of the frame 1 and below the drum-type cutting head 21, and the shovel plate mechanism 3 is butted with the conveying mechanism 12; the main anchor drilling device 4 comprises two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms 41 which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, an avoidance area suitable for avoiding the cutting swing arm 22 is reserved between the two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms 41, each group of main anchor drilling mechanisms 41 comprises a main top anchor drilling machine 411 and a main top anchor drilling machine 412, the main top anchor drilling machine 411 is positioned on the outer side of the main top anchor drilling machine 412 in the left-right direction, all the main anchor drilling mechanisms 41 are driven to move in the front-back direction and eccentrically rotate around a vertical shaft, and the main top anchor drilling machine 412 is driven to stretch out and draw back along the axis of the main top anchor drilling machine and rotate around a horizontal shaft; the anchor drilling device 5 is positioned behind the main anchor drilling device 4, the anchor drilling device 5 comprises two groups of anchor drilling mechanisms 51 which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, the anchor drilling mechanisms 51 comprise anchor drilling machines 511, and all the anchor drilling machines 511 are driven to be lifted, translated in the front-back direction, translated in the left-right direction and rotated around axes which are arranged in the front-back direction; the middle anchor jacking drilling device 6 is positioned behind the anchor side drilling device 5 and corresponds to an avoidance area between the two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms 41 in the front-back direction, the middle anchor jacking drilling device 6 comprises a middle anchor jacking drilling machine 61, and the middle anchor jacking drilling machine 61 is driven to translate in the front-back direction and translate in the left-right direction; the bottom side anchor drilling device 7 is positioned at the rear end of the frame 1, the bottom side anchor drilling device 7 comprises two groups of bottom side anchor drilling mechanisms 71 which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, each bottom side anchor drilling mechanism 71 comprises a bottom side anchor drilling machine 711, and the bottom side anchor drilling machines 711 are driven to rotate around axes which are arranged in the front-back direction; the supporting device 8 comprises a supporting mesh plate 81 arranged horizontally, the supporting mesh plate 81 is positioned above the main anchor drilling device 4, and the supporting mesh plate 81 is driven to be lifted and moved in the front-rear direction.

Specifically, the traveling mechanism 11 can be a structure commonly used in the field, such as a traveling wheel, a traveling crawler and the like, and preferably adopts the traveling crawler, so that the traveling mechanism can better adapt to complex pavement environments under mines.

It will be readily appreciated that the primary function of the transport mechanism 12 is to transport the cut coal scattered to the outside of the facility. Specifically, the transport mechanism 12 may be a conventional transport device such as a transport belt.

As can be easily understood, since one end of the cutting swing arm 22 is hinged to the frame 1, it is easy for a person in the art to design how the cutting driving member drives the cutting swing arm 22 to swing, for example, the cutting driving member adopts a linear driving member such as an air cylinder or an oil cylinder, and one end of the cutting driving member is hinged to the frame 1, and the other end of the cutting driving member is hinged to the middle of the cutting swing arm 22, and the cutting swing arm 22 is driven to swing by the extension and contraction of the linear driving member; or a rotary driving piece is directly arranged at the hinged point of the cutting swing arm 22 and the frame 1, and the rotation of the rotary driving piece drives the cutting swing arm 22 to swing.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, the terms "front", "back", "left" and "right" are used to describe the relative positions of the components more clearly, where "front" is the forward direction of the whole apparatus, "back" is the reverse direction of "front", and "left" and "right" are located on both sides of the forward direction, respectively.

It should be noted that the shovel mechanism 3 is of a relatively mature structure in a coal roadway fully mechanized excavating device, and will not be described in detail here.

Specifically, the movement and rotation of the main anchor drilling machine, the side anchor drilling machine 511, the middle top anchor drilling machine 61, the bottom side anchor drilling machine 711 and other anchor drilling machines can be driven by the existing structure. For example, the movement is achieved by a telescopic cylinder, a linear motor, a motor-synchronous belt assembly, or the like, and the rotation is achieved by a rotary cylinder, a motor, or the like.

It should be noted that the support device 8 has a main function of supporting the corresponding portion between the main anchor drills to prevent the portion to be anchored from scattering and collapsing. After the main anchor drill is finished, the part to be anchored and drilled is supported, and then the side anchor drill, the middle top anchor drill and the bottom side top anchor drill do not need to be supported by the supporting device 8 any more.

Specifically, the supporting device 8 is a mature structure in the field, the structure main body is generally a net plate-shaped structure, and the mesh position of the net plate is reserved with the position of an anchor drill.

The working process of the digging, anchoring and supporting integrated equipment is as follows:

firstly, the cutting driving piece drives the cutting swing arm 22 to swing to drive the drum-type cutting head 21 to cut coal from top to bottom, the shovel plate mechanism 3 pushes the falling coal to avoid entering the equipment, and meanwhile, the coal is output through the external conveying mechanism; after the unit finishes cutting the first knife, the supporting device 8 acts to complete the supporting of the position to be anchored and drilled; then, the two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms 41 of the main anchor drilling device 4 act to anchor rod support the top, and after the anchor rod support is completed, the main top anchor drilling machines 412 of the two main anchor drilling mechanisms 41 respectively rotate towards two sides to gradually complete anchor rod support of the side walls; after the unit finishes cutting the second cutter, the anchor drilling assisting device 5 reaches the section where the main anchor drilling is finished, and the anchor drilling assisting device 5 performs anchor rod supporting on the rest part of the main anchor rod by moving and rotating to adjust the position; after the machine set cuts the third cutter, the middle anchor drilling device 6 reaches the section, and the middle anchor drilling device 6 acts to support the anchor rod on the top to make up for the omission of the avoidance area of the main anchor drilling device 4; after the unit finishes cutting the fourth cutter, the bottom edge side anchor drilling device 7 reaches the section, and the bottom edge side anchor drilling device 7 acts to support the anchor rod of the bottom edge; therefore, the comprehensive support of a certain section of the roadway is completed.

The driving, anchoring and protecting integrated equipment provided by the embodiment is provided with a rack 1, a drum-type cutting mechanism 2 and a shovel plate mechanism 3, and can meet the basic requirements of excavation and mining; still be equipped with main anchor and bore device 4, group anchor and bore device 5, middle top anchor and bore device 6 and group anchor device in bottom, main anchor and bore device 4 corresponds and is equipped with strutting arrangement 8, will dig, anchor, protect integratively in an organic whole, has shortened the time of strutting, has improved the efficiency of construction to can anchor full section through the cooperation of these four anchoring devices, improve the ability of strutting by a wide margin, can be suitable for the coal road of the majority to combine to dig, the adaptability is stronger.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the drum cutter head 21 comprises a cutter head body 211 and two sets of expandable cutter heads 212; the cutting head body 211 is connected with the cutting swing arm 22; the two groups of extended cutting heads 212 are respectively coaxially sleeved at the inner sides of the two ends of the cutting head body 211, and the extended cutting heads 212 are driven to slide along the axial direction of the cutting head body 211 to extend out of the cutting head body 211.

Specifically, the expandable cutting head 212 can be driven by a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic oil cylinder or a motor synchronous belt set to slide along the axial direction of the cutting head body 211.

In specific implementation, in order to enable the vehicle body to smoothly enter an excavated roadway, the width of the drum-type cutting head 21 in the left-right direction is larger than that of the vehicle body main body, and the width of the drum-type cutting head 21 can be increased by sliding the extension cutting head 212 to extend out of the cutting head main body 211, so that the requirement is met; and the extended cutting head 212 can also increase the cutting area once, thereby improving the cutting efficiency.

As a further modified example, referring to FIG. 3, blade mechanism 3 includes a blade base 31 and two sets of blade assemblies 32; the shovel plate base 31 is connected to the front end of the frame 1 through a shovel plate connecting arm; two sets of shovel board subassemblies 32 are located shovel board base 31's both ends about respectively, it arranges material district 33 to leave between two sets of shovel board subassemblies 32, arrange material district 33 and transport mechanism 12 butt joint, shovel board subassembly 32 is including lower fixed shovel board 321, lower activity shovel board 322 and last activity shovel board 323, lower fixed shovel board 321 is fixed in on shovel board base 31, lower activity shovel board 322 is installed under on fixed shovel board 321 and can be driven relatively fixed shovel board 321 horizontal slip to overhanging fixed shovel board 321 down, the lower extreme of going up activity shovel board 323 articulates in the top of lower activity shovel board 322, the middle part of going up activity shovel board 323 hinges in order to realize the upset on the shovel board linking arm through linear driving spare.

It will be readily appreciated that the docking of the discharge area 33 with the transport mechanism 12 serves primarily to collect and concentrate the cut coal to the rear of the apparatus.

In specific implementation, the lower movable shovel 322 extends beyond the lower fixed shovel 321 to expand the shovel assembly 32 in the left-right direction to adapt to the width change of the drum-type cutting head 21; upper movable blade 323 may be inverted to increase the height of blade assembly 32 and thus the coal retention capacity.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the main anchor drilling mechanism 41 further comprises a sliding platform 413, a first support shaft 414, and a first horizontal sliding pair; the sliding direction of the sliding platform 413 is the front-back direction; the first supporting shaft 414 is rotatably installed on the sliding platform 413 and is vertically arranged, and the first supporting shaft 414 is driven to rotate; the fixed part of the first horizontal sliding pair is fixed on the first supporting shaft 414; the main top anchor drill 411 is fixed to the slide of the first horizontal sliding pair, and the axis of the main top anchor drill 411 is arranged vertically.

Specifically, the first horizontal sliding pair can be a telescopic oil cylinder, a telescopic air cylinder, a motor synchronous belt and the like; the first support shaft 414 may be driven to rotate by a rotary cylinder, a motor, or the like.

In specific implementation, the main anchor drilling machine 411 moves back and forth through the sliding platform 413 and the horizontal sliding pair, and rotates eccentrically around a vertical shaft through the rotation of the first support shaft 414 matched with the horizontal sliding pair. The sliding platform 413 can realize sliding of the main top anchor drilling machine 411 in the front-rear direction, the first horizontal sliding pair can increase sliding stroke of the main top anchor drilling machine 411 in the front-rear direction, and the main top anchor drilling machine 411 can be adjusted in the hole more flexibly.

Further, referring to fig. 5, the main anchor drilling mechanism 41 further includes a second support shaft 415, a second horizontal sliding pair, a rotary pair 416, and a telescopic pair 417; the second support shaft 415 is rotatably mounted on the sliding platform 413 and is vertically arranged, and the second support shaft 415 is driven to rotate; the fixed part of the second horizontal sliding pair is fixed on the second supporting shaft 415; the fixed part of the rotating pair 416 is fixed on the sliding part of the second horizontal sliding pair, and the rotating shaft of the rotating pair 416 is horizontally arranged; the fixed part of the telescopic pair 417 is fixed on the rotating part of the rotating pair 416, and the telescopic direction of the telescopic pair 417 is vertical to the rotating shaft of the rotating pair 416; the main roof anchor drilling machine 412 is fixed on a movable piece of the telescopic pair 417, and the axis of the main roof anchor drilling machine 412 is parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic pair 417.

Specifically, the second horizontal sliding pair can be a telescopic oil cylinder, a telescopic air cylinder, a motor synchronous belt and the like; the second support shaft 415 can be driven to rotate by a rotary cylinder, a motor and the like; the rotating pair 416 can be a rotating motor, a rotating cylinder and the like; the telescopic pair 417 can be a telescopic oil cylinder, a telescopic cylinder or an electric push rod.

It is easy to understand that the main roof anchor 412 has two more degrees of freedom than the main roof anchor 411 because the main roof anchor 412 completes the side wall anchoring by rotation in addition to the foundation roof bolting.

In specific implementation, the main top anchor drilling machine 412 moves back and forth through the sliding platform 413 and the second horizontal sliding pair, rotates around a horizontal shaft through the rotating pair 416, stretches and retracts along the axis through the stretching pair 417, and eccentrically rotates around a vertical shaft through the rotation of the second support shaft 415 matched with the second horizontal sliding pair.

As another modified example of the above embodiment, referring to fig. 9 and 11, the supporting device 8 further includes two sets of extension supporting mechanisms 82, the extension supporting mechanisms 82 are respectively located at the left and right sides of the main anchor drilling device 4, and each extension supporting mechanism 82 includes a left and right telescopic driving pair 821, an extension main frame 822, an upper extension frame 823 and a front extension frame 824; the fixed part of the left and right telescopic driving pair 821 is fixed on the sliding platform 413; the expansion main frame 822 is vertically arranged and the lower end thereof is fixed on the movable piece of the left and right telescopic driving pair 821; upper expansion frame 823 is mounted within main expansion frame 822 and is driven to slide up and out of main expansion frame 822; front expansion frame 824 is mounted within main expansion frame 822 and is driven to slide forward to extend out of main expansion frame 822.

Specifically, the left and right telescopic driving pairs 821 may be linear motors, telescopic cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, and the like.

When the anchor is specifically implemented, the expanded supporting structure can support the side wall in advance, and the side wall is prevented from scattering when the anchor drills. The upper expansion frame 823 and the front expansion frame 824 can increase the height and the length of the expanded supporting structure respectively, so that the supporting area is increased, and the supporting capacity is improved.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, the anchor drilling mechanism 51 further comprises a left-right sliding pair 512, an up-down sliding pair 513, a rotating pair 514 and a front-back sliding pair 515; the fixed part of the left-right sliding pair 512 is fixed on the frame 1; the fixed part of the up-down sliding pair 513 is fixed on the sliding part of the left-right sliding pair 512; the rotating pair 514 is fixed on the sliding piece of the up-down sliding pair 513, and the rotating shafts of the rotating pair 514 are arranged in front and back; the fixed part of the front-back sliding pair 515 is fixed on the rotating part of the rotating pair 514; the anchor drilling machine 511 is fixed on the sliding part of the front and back sliding pair 515, and the axis of the anchor drilling machine 511 is vertical to the rotating shaft of the rotating pair 514.

In specific implementation, the left-right sliding pair 512 acts to realize the translation of the anchor drilling machine 511 in the left-right direction, the up-down sliding pair 513 acts to realize the lifting of the anchor drilling machine 511, the rotating pair 514 realizes the rotation of the anchor drilling machine 511 around the axis arranged in the front-back direction, and the front-back sliding pair 515 realizes the translation of the anchor drilling machine 511 in the front-back direction, so that the structural arrangement is reasonable.

Of course, as an alternative, the up-down sliding pair 513 may be fixed on the frame, and the left-right sliding pair 512 is installed on the up-down sliding pair 513; alternatively, the front-rear sliding pair 515 is mounted on the up-down sliding pair 513, the turning pair 514 is mounted on the front-rear sliding pair 515, and the third anchor drilling machine is fixed to the turning pair 514.

Referring to fig. 7, the intermediate roof bolt drilling machine 61 of the intermediate roof bolt drilling apparatus 6 is configured to be translated in the front-rear direction by the front-rear linear motion pair 62 and translated in the left-right direction by the left-right linear drive pair 63, which can be easily designed by those skilled in the art. In detail, the front-back linear motion pair 62 and the left-right linear drive pair 63 may adopt linear push rods, telescopic oil cylinders and the like.

Referring also to fig. 8, bottom side anchor drilling device 7 is configured such that bottom side anchor drilling machine 711 is rotated about an axis arranged in the front-rear direction by rotation pair 712. In detail, the rotating kinematic pair 712 may be implemented by a rotating cylinder, a motor, and the like.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 9 and 10, the supporting device 8 further comprises a lifting driving pair 83 and a front and rear driving pair 84; the fixed part of the lifting driving pair 83 is fixed on the frame 1; the fixed part of the front and rear driving pair 84 is fixed on the movable part of the lifting driving pair 83; the support mesh plate 81 is fixed to the movable member of the front and rear driving pair 84.

In specific implementation, the supporting mesh plate 81 moves back and forth through the action of the back and forth driving pair 84 so as to adjust the supporting position.

Furthermore, the left end and the right end of the front part of the supporting mesh plate 81 are both provided with a detecting guard plate 811, and the detecting guard plate 811 is driven to slide forwards to extend out of the supporting mesh plate 81. The probe guard plate 811 extends beyond the supporting mesh plate 81, and can increase the supporting area of the supporting mesh plate 81 and improve the supporting capability.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2 and 12, the driving, anchoring and protecting integrated equipment further comprises a water detecting drill device 9, wherein the water detecting drill device 9 is installed on the cutting swing arm 22, and the water detecting drill device 9 comprises a connecting plate 91, an installation strip plate 92 and a water detecting drill 94; the connecting plate 91 is rotatably arranged on the cutting swing arm 22, and the rotating shaft is vertically arranged; one end of the installation slat 92 is hinged on the connecting plate 91, the hinged shaft is horizontally arranged, and the other end is connected with the connecting plate 91 through a jacking mechanism 93; a water detecting drill 94 is fixed to the mounting strip 92.

Specifically, the jacking mechanism 93 may be a common linear driving mechanism, such as a telescopic cylinder, an electric push rod, etc.

During specific implementation, the water detecting drilling machine 94 rotates through the connecting plate 91 to swing in a horizontal plane, and pitching is achieved through the jacking mechanism 93, so that the water detecting position is adjusted. Water detection is performed before cutting, and cutting can be performed only if water detection is completed and the detected condition can meet the production requirement.

The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated equipment for digging, anchoring and protecting is characterized by comprising:

the device comprises a rack (1), wherein a traveling mechanism (11) is arranged at the bottom of the rack (1), and a conveying mechanism (12) penetrating through the rack (1) in the front-back direction is arranged in the rack (1);

the drum-type cutting mechanism (2) comprises a drum-type cutting head (21), a cutting swing arm (22) and a cutting driving piece, the drum-type cutting head (21) is arranged in the left-right direction of the axis, one end of the cutting swing arm (22) is connected with the drum-type cutting head (21), the other end of the cutting swing arm is hinged with the rack (1), and the cutting driving piece is fixed on the rack (1) and is suitable for driving the cutting swing arm (22) to swing in a vertical plane in the front-back direction;

the shovel plate mechanism (3) is positioned at the front end of the rack (1) and below the drum-type cutting head (21), and the shovel plate mechanism (3) is in butt joint with the conveying mechanism (12);

the main anchor drilling device (4) comprises two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms (41) which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, an avoidance area suitable for avoiding the cutting swing arm (22) is reserved between the two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms (41), each group of main anchor drilling mechanisms (41) comprises a main top anchor drilling machine (411) and a main top slope anchor drilling machine (412), the main top anchor drilling machines (411) are positioned on the outer side of the main top slope anchor drilling machine (412) in the left-right direction, all the main anchor drilling mechanisms (41) are driven to move in the front-back direction and rotate eccentrically around a vertical shaft, and the main top slope anchor drilling machine (412) is driven to stretch out and draw back along the axis of the main top slope anchor drilling machine and rotate around a horizontal shaft;

the anchor drilling device (5) is positioned behind the main anchor drilling device (4), the anchor drilling device (5) comprises two groups of anchor drilling mechanisms (51) which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, the anchor drilling mechanisms (51) comprise anchor drilling machines (511), and all the anchor drilling machines (511) are driven to be lifted and lowered, move in the front-back direction, move in the left-right direction and rotate around axes which are arranged in the front-back direction;

the middle anchor jacking drilling device (6) is positioned behind the anchor side drilling device (5) and corresponds to an avoidance area between the two groups of main anchor drilling mechanisms (41) in the front-back direction, the middle anchor jacking drilling device (6) comprises a middle anchor jacking drilling machine (61), and the middle anchor jacking drilling machine (61) is driven to translate in the front-back direction and in the left-right direction;

the bottom side anchor drilling device (7) is positioned at the rear end of the rack (1), the bottom side anchor drilling device (7) comprises two groups of bottom side anchor drilling mechanisms (71) which are symmetrically distributed in the left-right direction, the bottom side anchor drilling mechanisms (71) comprise bottom side anchor drilling machines (711), and the bottom side anchor drilling machines (711) are driven to rotate around axes which are arranged in the front-back direction;

the supporting device (8) comprises a supporting net plate (81) which is horizontally arranged, the supporting net plate (81) is located above the main anchor drilling device (4), and the supporting net plate (81) is driven to lift and move in the front-rear direction.

2. The integrated tunneling, anchoring and supporting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drum-type cutter head (21) comprises:

the cutting head body (211) is connected with the cutting swing arm (22);

the two groups of the extended cutting heads (212) are respectively coaxially sleeved on the inner sides of two ends of the cutting head body (211), and the extended cutting heads (212) can be driven to slide along the axial direction of the cutting head body (211) to extend out of the cutting head body (211).

3. The integrated equipment of tunneling, anchoring and protection according to claim 2, characterized in that said blade mechanism (3) comprises:

the shovel plate base (31) is connected to the front end of the rack (1) through a shovel plate connecting arm;

two sets of shovel board subassemblies (32) are located respectively shovel board base (31) control both ends, leave between two sets of shovel board subassemblies (32) and arrange material district (33), arrange material district (33) with transport mechanism (12) butt joint, shovel board subassembly (32) are including fixed shovel board (321) down, activity shovel board (322) down and last activity shovel board (323), fixed shovel board (321) are fixed in down on shovel board base (31), activity shovel board (322) are installed down on fixed shovel board (321) and driven can be relative down fixed shovel board (321) horizontal slip extremely stretch out in fixed shovel board (321) down, the lower extreme of going up activity shovel board (323) articulate in the top of activity shovel board (322) down, the middle part of going up activity shovel board (323) articulate through the sharp driving piece in order to realize the upset on the shovel board linking arm.

4. The integrated tunneling, anchoring and guard apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the main anchor drilling mechanism (41) further comprises:

a slide table (413) which slides in the front-rear direction;

a first support shaft (414) rotatably mounted on the sliding platform (413) and vertically arranged, the first support shaft (414) being driven to rotate;

a first horizontal sliding pair, the fixing piece of which is fixed on the first supporting shaft (414);

the main top anchor drilling machine (411) is fixed on the sliding piece of the first horizontal sliding pair, and the axis of the main top anchor drilling machine (411) is vertically arranged.

5. The integrated tunneling, anchoring and guard apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the main anchor drilling mechanism (41) further comprises:

a second support shaft (415) rotatably mounted on the sliding platform (413) and vertically arranged, the second support shaft (415) being driven to rotate;

a second horizontal sliding pair, the fixing piece of which is fixed on the second supporting shaft (414);

a rotating pair (416) with a fixed part fixed on the sliding part of the second horizontal sliding pair, wherein the rotating shaft of the rotating pair (416) is horizontally arranged;

a telescopic pair (417) having a fixed member fixed to a rotating member of the rotating pair (416), the telescopic direction of the telescopic pair (417) being perpendicular to the rotating shaft of the rotating pair (416);

the main roof anchor drilling machine (412) is fixed on the movable piece of the telescopic pair (417), and the axis of the main roof anchor drilling machine (412) is parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic pair (417).

6. The integrated equipment of tunneling, anchoring and protection as claimed in claim 4, wherein the supporting device (8) further comprises two sets of extended supporting mechanisms (82), the extended supporting mechanisms (82) are respectively located at the left and right sides of the main anchor drilling device (4), and the extended supporting mechanisms (82) comprise:

a left-right telescopic driving pair (821) of which a fixing part is fixed on the sliding platform (413);

the expansion main frame (822) is vertically arranged, and the lower end of the expansion main frame is fixed on the movable piece of the left and right telescopic driving pair (821);

an upper extension frame (823) installed within the extension main frame (822) and driven to be slidable upward to be protruded outwardly from the extension main frame (822);

a front expansion frame (824) mounted within the expansion main frame (822) and driven to slide forward to overhang the expansion main frame (822).

7. The integrated tunneling, anchoring and drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the anchor drilling mechanism (51) further comprises:

a left-right sliding pair (512) with a fixed part fixed on the frame (1);

a vertical sliding pair (513), the fixed part of which is fixed on the sliding part of the horizontal sliding pair (512);

a revolute pair (514) with a fixed part fixed on the sliding part of the up-and-down sliding pair (513), wherein the rotating shafts of the revolute pair (514) are arranged in the front and back;

a front-rear sliding pair (515) having a fixed member fixed to a rotating member of the rotating pair (514);

the anchor drilling machine (511) is fixed on the sliding part of the front and back sliding pair (515), and the axis of the anchor drilling machine (511) is vertical to the rotating shaft of the rotating pair (514).

8. The integrated equipment of excavation, anchoring and protection according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting device (8) further comprises:

the lifting driving pair (83) is fixed on the frame (1) through a fixing piece;

a front and rear driving pair (84) of which a fixed member is fixed to a movable member of the elevation driving pair (83);

the supporting mesh plate (81) is fixed on the movable piece of the front and rear driving pair (84).

9. The integrated apparatus of tunneling, anchoring and protection according to claim 8, characterized in that the probe guard plates (811) are mounted at both left and right ends of the front portion of the support mesh plate (81), and the probe guard plates (811) are driven to slide forward to protrude out of the support mesh plate (81).

10. The integrated tunneling, anchoring and guarding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a water probing drilling device (9), wherein the water probing drilling device (9) is mounted on the cutting swing arm (22), and the water probing drilling device (9) comprises:

the connecting plate (91) is rotatably arranged on the cutting swing arm (22) and the rotating shaft is vertically arranged;

one end of the installation strip plate (92) is hinged on the connecting plate (91), the hinged shaft is horizontally arranged, and the other end of the installation strip plate is connected with the connecting plate (91) through a jacking mechanism (93);

and the water detecting drilling machine (94) is fixed on the mounting lath (92).

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