CN115400766B - Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4 single-atom catalyst and its preparation method - Google Patents
Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4 single-atom catalyst and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Pt1‑CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂及其制备方法。该制备方法包括:以Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O、CeCl3·7H2O、H2PtCl6·6H2O、Na2CO3和乙二醇为原料制备单原子Pt1‑CeO2/Co3O4催化剂,在全程通氮气的情况下,首先将Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O、CeCl3·7H2O与乙二醇混合形成混合盐溶液;然后将混有H2PtCl6·6H2O的Na2CO3溶液加入混合盐溶液中,反应产生沉淀。最后将收集的沉淀在空气氛围下热解,将得到的粉末收集,获得目标Pt1‑CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂。本发明采用一步共沉淀法制备了一种单原子Pt负载于CeO2/Co3O4复合金属氧化物载体上的Pt1‑CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂,从而获得了性能优异的甲苯降解催化剂。Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst and its preparation method. The preparation method comprises: using Co(CH 3 COO) 2 4H 2 O, CeCl 3 7H 2 O, H 2 PtCl 6 6H 2 O, Na 2 CO 3 and ethylene glycol as raw materials to prepare single-atom Pt 1 ‑ For the CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 catalyst, under the condition of full nitrogen flow, firstly mix Co(CH 3 COO) 2 4H 2 O, CeCl 3 7H 2 O and ethylene glycol to form a mixed salt solution; then mix the mixed salt solution The Na 2 CO 3 solution with H 2 PtCl 6 ·6H 2 O was added to the mixed salt solution, and the reaction produced precipitation. Finally, the collected precipitate was pyrolyzed under air atmosphere, and the obtained powder was collected to obtain the target Pt 1 ‑CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst. The present invention adopts a one-step co-precipitation method to prepare a Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst in which single-atom Pt is supported on a CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 composite metal oxide carrier, thereby obtaining an excellent performance Toluene degradation catalyst.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于甲苯降解的单原子Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4复合金属氧化物催化剂产品。The invention relates to a single-atom Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 composite metal oxide catalyst product for toluene degradation.
背景技术Background technique
挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)是次生有机气溶胶和光化学烟雾的关键中间体,对大气环境和人类健康都构成严重威胁。贵金属负载催化剂催化燃烧因其氧化活性高、操作温度低、再生能力强等优点,被认为是一种很有前途的去除工业废气中VOC的方法。但由于贵金属的成本较高且稀有,故在进一步降低负载的同时,提高贵金属负载催化剂的催化性能,以达到成本效益和更广泛的适用性,是很有必要的。Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are key intermediates of secondary organic aerosols and photochemical smog, which pose serious threats to the atmospheric environment and human health. Catalytic combustion of noble metal-supported catalysts has been considered as a promising method for removing VOCs from industrial waste gases due to its high oxidation activity, low operating temperature, and strong regeneration ability. However, due to the high cost and scarcity of noble metals, it is necessary to further reduce the loading and improve the catalytic performance of noble metal-supported catalysts to achieve cost-effectiveness and wider applicability.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种可用于降解甲苯的单原子Pt负载的Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4复合氧化物催化剂,其能最大限度的提高原子利用率并降低成本。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-atom Pt-supported Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 composite oxide catalyst that can be used to degrade toluene, which can maximize atom utilization and reduce cost.
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的制备方法,包括:According to the first aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst is provided, comprising:
将Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O与CeCl3·7H2O溶解在乙二醇中形成混合盐溶液,其中Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O与CeCl3·7H2O的质量比为3:1~15:1;Dissolve Co(CH 3 COO) 2 ·4H 2 O and CeCl 3 ·7H 2 O in ethylene glycol to form a mixed salt solution, in which Co(CH 3 COO) 2 ·4H 2 O and CeCl 3 ·7H 2 O The mass ratio is 3:1~15:1;
提供混有H2PtCl6·6H2O的Na2CO3水溶液;Provide Na 2 CO 3 aqueous solution mixed with H 2 PtCl 6 6H 2 O;
将混有H2PtCl6·6H2O的Na2CO3水溶液加入混合盐溶液中形成反应溶液,使得反应溶液的pH值为9~11;Adding Na2CO3 aqueous solution mixed with H2PtCl6 · 6H2O into the mixed salt solution to form a reaction solution, so that the pH value of the reaction solution is 9-11;
保护气氛下加热反应溶液至140~180℃,并保持反应时间为1~3h;Heat the reaction solution to 140-180°C under a protective atmosphere, and keep the reaction time for 1-3 hours;
将反应所得沉淀在空气氛围下进行煅烧(热解)处理即得Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂,其中煅烧温度为300~450℃,煅烧时间为3~5h,所得催化剂的铂负载量为0.03~0.11wt%(ICP测定结果)。Calcining (pyrolysis) the precipitate obtained from the reaction in an air atmosphere to obtain a Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst, wherein the calcination temperature is 300-450°C, and the calcination time is 3-5h. The supported amount of platinum is 0.03 to 0.11 wt% (ICP measurement result).
本发明通过一步共沉淀法制备了超低Pt负载的Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂。这种特殊的三元结构使得单原子Pt与CeO2/Co3O4载体之间的强金属载体相互作用(SMSI)增强,可诱导更多的Pt0和Ce3+用于氧的吸附和活化,更多的Co3+用于甲苯的活化。此外,CeO2表面的氧空位可以诱导许多活性氧的生成,活性氧可以有效地迁移到活性位点(Pt1-Co3O4的界面),取代表面消耗的氧,从而提高催化剂的稳定性。The invention prepares an ultra-low Pt-loaded Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst through a one-step co-precipitation method. This special ternary structure enables enhanced strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) between single-atom Pt and CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 supports, which can induce more Pt 0 and Ce 3+ for oxygen adsorption and activation, more Co 3+ is used for the activation of toluene. In addition, the oxygen vacancies on the surface of CeO2 can induce the generation of many reactive oxygen species, which can efficiently migrate to the active sites ( Pt1 - Co3O4 interface) to replace the oxygen consumed on the surface, thereby improving the stability of the catalyst. .
根据本发明的制备方法,其中混合盐溶液中Co盐与Ce盐的质量比为优选为13:1。作为溶剂使用的乙二醇的用量不受限制,只要能够保证溶液中的金属盐混合均匀即可。According to the preparation method of the present invention, the mass ratio of Co salt to Ce salt in the mixed salt solution is preferably 13:1. The amount of ethylene glycol used as a solvent is not limited, as long as the metal salt in the solution can be mixed evenly.
根据本发明的制备方法,混合盐溶液的温度优选为50℃左右。优选在氮气气氛下形成混合盐溶液。According to the preparation method of the present invention, the temperature of the mixed salt solution is preferably about 50°C. The mixed salt solution is preferably formed under a nitrogen atmosphere.
根据本发明的制备方法,反应溶液的pH值优选为10。通过调节Na2CO3的含量即可控制反应溶液的pH值。According to the preparation method of the present invention, the pH value of the reaction solution is preferably 10. The pH value of the reaction solution can be controlled by adjusting the content of Na 2 CO 3 .
根据本发明的制备方法,反应溶液的反应温度优选为160℃,反应时间优选为2h。另外,反应时优选采用氮气保护气氛。According to the preparation method of the present invention, the reaction temperature of the reaction solution is preferably 160° C., and the reaction time is preferably 2 hours. In addition, a nitrogen protective atmosphere is preferably used during the reaction.
根据本发明的制备方法,煅烧温度优选为350℃;保持煅烧时间优选为4h。According to the preparation method of the present invention, the calcination temperature is preferably 350° C.; the holding calcination time is preferably 4 hours.
根据本发明的制备方法,所得催化剂的贵金属(铂)负载量为优选为0.06wt%(ICP测定结果)。通过调节Na2CO3水溶液中混入的H2PtCl6·6H2O的量即可实现铂负载量的控制。According to the preparation method of the present invention, the noble metal (platinum) loading of the obtained catalyst is preferably 0.06 wt% (ICP measurement result). The platinum loading can be controlled by adjusting the amount of H 2 PtCl 6 ·6H 2 O mixed in the Na 2 CO 3 aqueous solution.
本发明制得的单原子催化剂分布均匀,负载量低,且操作简单,易于制备。The single-atom catalyst prepared by the invention has uniform distribution, low loading capacity, simple operation and easy preparation.
根据本发明的另一方面,还提供了一种根据上述方法制备的催化剂产品。According to another aspect of the present invention, a catalyst product prepared according to the above method is also provided.
上述催化剂产品尤其适宜用作甲苯降解催化剂,用于催化氧化甲苯。The catalyst product mentioned above is especially suitable as a toluene degradation catalyst for catalytic oxidation of toluene.
本发明的特殊三元结构使得单原子Pt与CeO2/Co3O4载体之间的强金属载体相互作用(SMSI)增强,可诱导更多的Pt0和Ce3+用于氧的吸附和活化,更多的Co3+用于甲苯的活化。此外,CeO2表面的氧空位可以诱导许多活性氧的生成,活性氧可以有效地迁移到活性位点(Pt1-Co3O4的界面),取代表面消耗的氧,从而提高催化剂的稳定性及甲苯降解活性。The special ternary structure of the present invention enhances the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) between single-atom Pt and CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 supports, which can induce more Pt 0 and Ce 3+ for oxygen adsorption and activation, more Co 3+ is used for the activation of toluene. In addition, the oxygen vacancies on the surface of CeO2 can induce the generation of many reactive oxygen species, which can efficiently migrate to the active sites ( Pt1 - Co3O4 interface) to replace the oxygen consumed on the surface, thereby improving the stability of the catalyst. and toluene degradation activity.
如上所述,本发明的催化剂产品采用一步共沉淀法制备,工艺简易、条件温和、沉积快速,对产物形貌和尺寸的可控性好,单原子Pt分散度良好、Pt与CeO2/Co3O4载体之间能发生强烈的相互作用,重复性好,价格低廉,特别适于用于催化氧化甲苯。As mentioned above, the catalyst product of the present invention is prepared by a one-step co-precipitation method, with simple process, mild conditions, rapid deposition, good controllability to the shape and size of the product, good single-atom Pt dispersion, Pt and CeO 2 /Co The strong interaction between 3 O 4 carriers, good repeatability and low price are especially suitable for catalytic oxidation of toluene.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为0.06wt%Pt负载的Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的XRD图;Figure 1 is the XRD pattern of Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst supported by 0.06wt% Pt;
图2为0.06Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的高角度环形暗场扫描透射电子显微镜(HAADF-STEM)图像;以及Figure 2 is a high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM) image of a 0.06Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst; and
图3为0.06wt%Pt负载的Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的甲苯转化率与CO2矿化率图。Fig. 3 is a diagram of toluene conversion rate and CO 2 mineralization rate of Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst supported by 0.06 wt% Pt.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明做进一步说明,本领域技术人员应该理解,实施例和附图只是为了更好地理解本发明,并不用于任何限制目的。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments and accompanying drawings are only for better understanding of the present invention and are not used for any limiting purpose.
一步共沉淀法制备单原子Pt负载的Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4催化剂用于催化氧化甲苯Single-atom Pt-supported Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 catalyst prepared by one-step co-precipitation method for catalytic oxidation of toluene
(1)在氮气氛围下,于三颈烧瓶中加入2.865g Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O、0.222gCeCl3·7H2O和30mL乙二醇,在50℃下搅拌10min形成混合盐溶液。(1) Under nitrogen atmosphere, add 2.865g Co(CH 3 COO) 2 4H 2 O, 0.222g CeCl 3 7H 2 O and 30mL ethylene glycol into a three-necked flask, and stir at 50°C for 10min to form a mixed salt solution.
(2)将混有265uL H2PtCl6·6H2O的Na2CO3水溶液(Na2CO3含量为1mol/L)滴加到上述混合盐溶液中形成pH值为10的反应溶液。(2) Add 265 uL H 2 PtCl 6 ·6H 2 O aqueous Na 2 CO 3 solution (the content of Na 2 CO 3 is 1 mol/L) dropwise into the above mixed salt solution to form a reaction solution with a pH value of 10.
(3)将反应温度升至160℃,氮气氛围下恒温持续搅拌2h。(3) The reaction temperature was increased to 160° C., and stirring was continued at constant temperature for 2 h under a nitrogen atmosphere.
(4)将制得的沉淀分别水洗3次,醇洗3次,置于真空干燥箱60℃恒温烘干过夜。(4) The obtained precipitate was washed three times with water and three times with alcohol, and dried overnight at a constant temperature of 60° C. in a vacuum drying oven.
(5)将烘干后的粉末置于马弗炉中,350℃煅烧4h得到Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4催化剂,其中贵金属的负载量为0.06wt%(ICP测定结果)。(5) The dried powder was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 350° C. for 4 h to obtain a Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 catalyst, in which the loaded amount of noble metal was 0.06 wt % (ICP measurement result).
Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的XRD图分析XRD Pattern Analysis of Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 Single-atom Catalysts
图1为0.06wt%Pt负载的Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的XRD图。由图1可知,样品在19.0°、31.3°、36.9°、44.8°、59.4°和65.2°处均有明显的衍射峰,这与尖晶石Co3O4(JCPDSNO.42-1467)的(111)、(220)、(311)、(400)、(511)和(440)晶面有关。在28.6°、33.1°、47.5°和56.3°处有一些微弱的峰,分别对应于CeO2萤石结构(JCPDS NO.34-0349)的(111)、(200)、(220)和(311)晶面。在XRD中没有观察到Pt或PtOx相对应的衍射峰,这意味着Pt在10Ce-Co3O4载体上高度分散和/或负载含量低。Fig. 1 is an XRD pattern of a Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst supported by 0.06 wt% Pt. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the sample has obvious diffraction peaks at 19.0°, 31.3°, 36.9°, 44.8°, 59.4° and 65.2°, which is consistent with that of spinel Co 3 O 4 (JCPDSNO.42-1467) ( 111), (220), (311), (400), (511) and (440) crystal planes. There are some faint peaks at 28.6°, 33.1°, 47.5° and 56.3°, corresponding to (111), (200), (220) and (311 )Planes. No diffraction peaks corresponding to Pt or PtOx were observed in XRD, implying that Pt was highly dispersed and/or the loading content was low on the 10Ce- Co3O4 support .
Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的HAADF-STEM图像分析HAADF-STEM image analysis of Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalysts
图2为0.06Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的HAADF-STEM图像;为了解Pt在0.06Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4催化剂上的分散情况,采用高角环形暗场扫描透射电镜(HAADF-STEM)进行了测试。可以清楚地观察到大量亮点(红圈)分散在CeO2/Co3O4载体上,表明Pt在催化剂表面的原子级分散。Figure 2 is the HAADF-STEM image of the 0.06Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 single-atom catalyst; in order to understand the dispersion of Pt on the 0.06Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 catalyst, high-angle annular dark field scanning was used Transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) was tested. It can be clearly observed that a large number of bright spots ( red circles) are dispersed on the CeO2 / Co3O4 support, indicating the atomic-scale dispersion of Pt on the catalyst surface.
Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4单原子催化剂的甲苯催化燃烧性能测试Test of Toluene Catalytic Combustion Performance of Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 Single Atom Catalyst
将0.1g Pt1-CeO2/Co3O4催化剂与0.3g石英砂混合,在连续流动固定床石英微反应器(即=6mm)中进行甲苯催化燃烧测试。如图3所示,在1000ppm和20,000mL/g h测试条件下,该催化剂达到90%转化率的温度为169℃(T90),CO2矿化率为171℃,优于许多目前已报道的单原子催化剂与纳米粒子复合催化剂。原因可能为:1、特殊三元结构使得单原子Pt与CeO2/Co3O4载体之间的强金属载体相互作用(SMSI)增强,可诱导更多的Pt0和Ce3+用于氧的吸附和活化,更多的Co3+用于甲苯的活化;2、CeO2表面的氧空位可以诱导许多活性氧的生成,活性氧可以有效地迁移到活性位点(Pt1-Co3O4的界面),取代表面消耗的氧,从而提高催化剂的稳定性及甲苯降解活性。0.1g of Pt 1 -CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 catalyst was mixed with 0.3g of quartz sand, and the toluene catalytic combustion test was carried out in a continuous flow fixed bed quartz microreactor (ie = 6mm). As shown in Figure 3, under the test conditions of 1000ppm and 20,000mL/gh, the temperature of 90% conversion of this catalyst is 169°C (T 90 ), and the CO mineralization rate is 171°C, which is better than many currently reported Single-atom catalysts and nanoparticle composite catalysts. The reasons may be: 1. The special ternary structure enhances the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) between single-atom Pt and CeO 2 /Co 3 O 4 supports, which can induce more Pt 0 and Ce 3+ for oxygen more Co 3+ is used for the activation of toluene; 2. The oxygen vacancies on the surface of CeO 2 can induce the generation of many reactive oxygen species, and the reactive oxygen species can efficiently migrate to the active sites (Pt 1 -Co 3 O 4 ) to replace the oxygen consumed on the surface, thereby improving the stability of the catalyst and the activity of toluene degradation.
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