CN115390182B - Optical waveguide manufacturing method, manufacturing equipment, optical waveguide and near-to-eye display equipment - Google Patents
Optical waveguide manufacturing method, manufacturing equipment, optical waveguide and near-to-eye display equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of an optical waveguide, manufacturing equipment, the optical waveguide and near-to-eye display equipment, wherein the optical waveguide comprises a coupling-in area and a total reflection area, the coupling-in area comprises an incident surface, a first surface and a second surface, the total reflection area comprises a third surface and a fourth surface, image light rays output by an optical machine module enter the coupling-in area through the incident surface, are reflected on the second surface and enter the total reflection area for total reflection transmission after being reflected on the first surface.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of augmented reality, in particular to a manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment of an optical waveguide, the optical waveguide and near-to-eye display equipment.
Background
Near-eye display is the current research focus content, such as virtual reality display in helmet form, augmented reality display in smart glasses form, and the like. The near-to-eye display can provide unprecedented interactive feeling for people, and has important application value in various fields such as telemedicine, industrial design, education, military virtual training, entertainment and the like.
Since light propagates in the waveguide sheet to satisfy the principle of total reflection, that is, the angle of entering the waveguide sheet is required to satisfy the total reflection angle of the waveguide sheet material, the inventor finds that the angle of coupling out the image light from the optical waveguide is usually about 25 °, which results in that the angle between the actual optical machine and the waveguide sheet is about 130 °, and when the optical machine and the waveguide sheet are used in the near-eye display device in the form of glasses, the angle between the optical machine and the waveguide sheet is not ergonomic, therefore, in the optical machine of the conventional AR glasses, after the angle of reflecting inclined plane of the waveguide sheet is locked, the angle between the optical machine and the waveguide sheet is locked, and the alternative angle state is few.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a manufacturing method and equipment of an optical waveguide, the optical waveguide and near-to-eye display equipment.
The aim of the embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an optical waveguide, where the optical waveguide includes a coupling-in area and a total reflection area, the coupling-in area includes a light-in surface, a first surface and a second surface, the total reflection area includes a third surface and a fourth surface that are parallel and opposite to each other, the first surface and the third surface are disposed on a same plane, after an image light beam output by an optical engine module enters the coupling-in area through the light-in surface, a primary reflection is performed on the second surface, and after a primary reflection is performed on the first surface, the image light beam enters the total reflection area, and the method includes: acquiring an included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and an angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide; determining manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide according to an included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and an angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide, wherein the manufacturing parameters comprise an included angle between the light incident surface and the second surface and an included angle between an extension surface of the fourth surface and the second surface, and the extension surface of the fourth surface is a virtual surface formed by extending the fourth surface towards the direction of the light incident surface; and cutting the waveguide substrate according to the manufacturing parameters to obtain the optical waveguide.
In some embodiments, the second surface of the coupling-in region includes a first plane, the first plane is connected to the light incident surface, an included angle between the light incident surface and the second surface is an included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane, and an included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the second surface is an included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first plane; the optical waveguide further comprises a coupling-out area, the coupling-out area comprises a fifth surface and a sixth surface which are parallel and oppositely arranged, the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide is the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the sixth surface, the fifth surface and the third surface are arranged on the same plane, and the manufacturing parameter of the optical waveguide is determined according to the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide, and the method comprises the following steps: determining an incident angle of total reflection transmission of a central ray entering the total reflection area according to an angle parameter of the image ray coupled out of the sixth surface, wherein the central ray is an image ray vertically incident to the light incident surface; and determining an included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane and an included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first plane according to the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and the incident angle of the total reflection transmission of the central light entering the total reflection area.
In some embodiments, the fabrication parameters further include a length of the first face in a first direction, and the determining the fabrication parameters of the optical waveguide further includes: acquiring the thickness of the total reflection area; determining an included angle between a first edge ray and the central ray, wherein the first edge ray is an edge ray of the image ray close to the first face; and determining the length of the first surface in the first direction according to the thickness, the included angle between the first edge light and the central light and the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide.
In some embodiments, determining the length of the first surface in the first direction according to the thickness, the angle between the first edge light and the central light, and the angle between the optical module and the optical waveguide includes: determining an included angle between the first edge light and the light incident surface according to the included angle between the first edge light and the central light; and determining the length of the first surface in the first direction according to the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide, the included angle between the first edge light and the light incident surface and the thickness.
In some embodiments, the fabrication parameters further include a length of the first plane in a third direction; the determining the manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide further comprises: acquiring the incidence position of a second edge light on the light incident surface and the length of the light incident surface in a second direction, wherein the second edge light is the edge light of the image light close to the second surface; and determining the length of the first plane in the third direction according to the incident position, the length of the light incident surface in the second direction, the included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane, the included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first plane, and the included angle between the second edge light and the central light.
In some embodiments, determining the length of the first plane in the third direction according to the incident position, the length of the light incident surface in the second direction, the angle between the light incident surface and the first plane, the angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first plane, and the angle between the second edge light and the central light includes: determining an incident angle of the second edge light reflected on the first plane according to an included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane and an included angle between the second edge light and the central light; determining the incidence angle of the second edge light reflected on the first surface according to the incidence angle of the second edge light reflected on the first surface and the included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first surface; and determining the length of the first plane in the third direction according to the incident position, the length of the light incident surface in the second direction, the included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane, the incident angle of the second edge light reflected on the first plane and the incident angle of the second edge light reflected on the first plane.
In some embodiments, the second face further includes a second plane, opposite sides of the second plane are connected to the fourth face and the first plane, respectively, and if the first plane and the second plane are not on the same plane, the method further includes: and (3) carrying out inking treatment on the second plane so that the second plane serves as a light absorbing surface.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a manufacturing apparatus, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the manufacturing method according to the first aspect when executing the computer program.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical waveguide manufactured by using the manufacturing method according to the first aspect.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display device, including: an opto-mechanical module, and an optical waveguide as described in the second aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the embodiment of the invention, the optical waveguide comprises a coupling-in area and a total reflection area, wherein the coupling-in area comprises an incident surface, a first surface and a second surface, the total reflection area comprises a third surface and a fourth surface which are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, the first surface and the third surface are arranged on the same plane, image light output by an optical machine module enters the coupling-in area through the incident surface, and then is reflected once on the second surface and is transmitted in total reflection area after being reflected once on the first surface. The structure of the near-eye display device obtained by combining the optical waveguide and the optical machine tends to the traditional glasses, so that the near-eye display device accords with ergonomics, and meanwhile, the optical waveguide can normally couple image light and display images, so that the degree of freedom of the selection of an included angle between the optical waveguide and the optical machine is improved, and the practicability of near-eye display equipment is improved.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements/modules and steps, and in which the figures do not include the true to scale unless expressly indicated by the contrary reference numerals.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an array optical waveguide according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to the prior art and an array optical waveguide as shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coupling-in region of an optical waveguide according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for fabricating an optical waveguide according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another optical waveguide according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a sub-process of step S20 in the method for fabricating an optical waveguide shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another sub-process of step S20 in the method for fabricating an optical waveguide shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another prior art array optical waveguide;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of step S26 in the method for fabricating the optical waveguide shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another sub-process of step S20 in the method for fabricating an optical waveguide shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of yet another prior art array optical waveguide;
FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart of a step S27 in the method for fabricating the optical waveguide shown in FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a sub-process of step S20 in the method for fabricating an optical waveguide shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 14 is a graph of illuminance uniformity obtained by simulating an optical waveguide that has not been subjected to stray light treatment;
FIG. 15 is a graph of illuminance uniformity obtained by simulating a stray light-removed optical waveguide;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
It should be noted that, if not conflicting, the various features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, while functional block division is performed in a device diagram and logical order is shown in a flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than the block division in the device, or in the flowchart. Moreover, the words "first," "second," "third," and the like as used herein do not limit the data and order of execution, but merely distinguish between identical or similar items that have substantially the same function and effect. In order to facilitate the definition of the connection structure, the invention takes the transmission direction of light rays in the waveguide as a reference to define the position of the component.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
As described in the background art, in the prior art, for the array optical waveguide, the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide cannot be changed at will. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, for determining the relative angle between the waveguide plate and the optical machine, when the angle between the beam splitting inclined plane of the array waveguide plate and the surface of the waveguide plate is θ 0 When the central light is ensured to vertically enter the waveguide sheet, the angle between the coupling inlet and the waveguide sheet is set to be 2 theta 0 (as shown in figure 2). That is, once the angle between the coupling port and the waveguide plate is locked to be 2θ 0 The included angle between the optical machine and the waveguide sheet is only locked to 180 degrees-2 theta 0 (as shown in fig. 2) so that the angle between the optical engine and the waveguide plate cannot be set at will. Since the light rays propagate in the waveguide sheet to satisfy the principle of total reflection, that is, the angle of entering the waveguide sheet to satisfy the total reflection angle of the waveguide sheet material, in the art, θ 0 Typically around 25 deg., so that the actual optical machine is at an angle of around 130 deg. to the waveguide plate, which is clearly not ergonomic when applied to a near-eye display device in the form of eyeglasses. In order to make the whole near-eye display device more prone to the traditional glasses, the included angle between the optical machine and the waveguide sheet is usually controlled between 100-110 degrees. Therefore, there is a need for a method for manufacturing an optical waveguide that can set the angle between the optical engine and the waveguide sheet to a desired angle and that can operate normally when the optical engine and the waveguide sheet are applied to a near-to-eye display device in the form of glasses.
In particular, embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an optical waveguide, which shows a structure of a coupling region of the optical waveguide provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the optical waveguide includes a coupling region and a total reflection region, the coupling region includes a light incident surface A0, a first surface A1 and a second surface A2, the total reflection region includes a third surface A3 and a fourth surface A4 that are parallel and oppositely disposed, the first surface A1 and the third surface A3 are disposed on the same plane, and after an image light outputted by an optical machine module enters the coupling region through the light incident surface A0, the second surface A2 performs primary reflection, and after the first surface A1 performs primary reflection, the image light enters the total reflection region to perform total reflection transmission.
Referring to fig. 4, a flow chart of a method for manufacturing an optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the invention is shown, and the method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:
step S10: and acquiring an included angle phi between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and an angle parameter theta of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide.
Under the condition that the coupling-out area couples image light through the light splitting surface or the light splitting surface array, the included angle between the light splitting surface and the sixth surface A6 is the angle parameter theta of the coupling-out of the optical waveguide; and under the condition that the coupling-out area adopts the coupling-out grating to couple out the image light, the diffraction angle of the image light at the coupling-out grating is the angle parameter theta of the optical waveguide coupling-out. The light incident surface A0 of the optical waveguide is in contact with the light emergent surface of the optical waveguide, and the included angle phi between the optical waveguide and the optical waveguide is the included angle between the light incident surface of the optical waveguide and the total reflection surface of the optical waveguide, namely the included angle between the light incident surface A0 of the optical waveguide and the third surface A3 or the fourth surface A4 of the total reflection area of the optical waveguide. The included angle phi between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide can be set according to actual needs, such as the design, shape requirement and the like of a shell of the near-to-eye display device, and/or the output angle of the optical machine module; the angle parameter θ of the optical waveguide coupling can be set according to different coupling modes of the optical waveguide, and is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
Step S20: and determining the manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide according to the included angle phi between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and the angle parameter theta of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide.
The manufacturing parameters include an included angle between the light incident surface A0 and the second surface A2, and an included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface A4 and the second surface A2, where the extension surface of the fourth surface A4 is a virtual surface formed by extending the fourth surface A4 towards the direction of the light incident surface A0. The included angle between the traditional optical machine module and the optical waveguide is determined according to the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide, so that the requirement of total reflection of the image light in the optical waveguide can be met, and the image light can be normally coupled out of the optical waveguide. In this embodiment, the included angle between the optical-mechanical module and the optical waveguide needs to be controlled within a certain range to enable the whole near-to-eye display module to trend toward the shape of the conventional glasses, so that the second surface A2 is added in the coupling area, and the included angle between the second surface A2 and the optical-mechanical module and the optical waveguide, and the included angle between the second surface A2 and the optical-input surface A0 and the included angle between the second surface A2 and the extension surface of the fourth surface A4 are adjusted according to the included angle phi between the optical-mechanical module and the optical waveguide required by the user and the required angle parameter theta, so as to determine the manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 5, which illustrates another optical waveguide structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the second surface A2 of the coupling-in area includes a first plane a21, the first plane a21 is connected to the light incident surface A0, an included angle i between the light incident surface A0 and the second surface A2 is an included angle between the light incident surface A0 and the first plane a21, and an included angle β between the extended surface of the fourth surface A4 and the second surface A2 is an included angle between the extended surface of the fourth surface A4 and the first plane a 21; the first plane a21 and the fourth plane A4 may be directly connected, or the second plane A2 may further include a second plane a22, and the first plane a21 and the fourth plane A4 may be connected through the second plane a 22.
The optical waveguide further comprises a coupling-out area, the coupling-out area comprises a fifth surface A5 and a sixth surface A6 which are parallel and oppositely arranged, and the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide is the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the sixth surface A6, and the fifth surface A5 and the third surface A3 are arranged on the same plane.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6, a sub-flow of step S20 in the manufacturing method shown in fig. 4 is shown, where step S20 specifically includes:
step S21: determining an incidence angle b of total reflection transmission of the central light L0 entering the total reflection area according to an angle parameter theta of the image light coupled out of the sixth surface, wherein the central light is the image light vertically incident to the light incident surface;
in the case that the coupling-out area couples out the image light through the light splitting surface or the light splitting surface array, based on the catadioptric theorem, the incident angle b=2θ of the total reflection transmission of the central light L0 into the total reflection area. In the case that the coupling-out area adopts the coupling-out grating to couple out the image light, the incident angle b of the central light L0 entering the total reflection area for total reflection transmission is determined according to the diffraction angle of the grating, and the determination mode can adopt a conventional method in the art, and will not be repeated.
Step S22: and determining an included angle i between the light incident surface A0 and the first plane A21 and an included angle beta between the extension surface of the fourth surface A4 and the first plane A21 according to the included angle phi between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and the incident angle b of the total reflection transmission of the central light entering the total reflection area.
Specifically, since the sum of the internal angles of the triangles is 180 °, i+β+Φ=180°, i- β=b, simultaneous i+β+Φ=180 °, i- β=b, and b=2θ can be solved from the geometric relationship in fig. 1.
In some embodiments, the fabrication parameters further include a length of the first surface A1 in the first direction, please refer to fig. 7, which illustrates another sub-process of step S20 in the fabrication method illustrated in fig. 4, and determining the fabrication parameters of the optical waveguide further includes:
step S23: acquiring thickness THK of a total reflection area;
step S24: determining an included angle gamma between a first edge light L1 and a central light L0, wherein the first edge light L1 is an edge light of the image light close to the first surface A1;
step S25: the length of the first surface in the first direction is determined according to the thickness THK, the included angle gamma between the first edge light L1 and the central light L0, and the included angle phi between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide.
Since the shape of the coupling-in region of the optical waveguide is changed in this embodiment, the propagation path of the image light in the coupling-in region may affect the effect of the finally coupled-out image light. As shown in fig. 8, after the light ray (i.e., the first edge light ray L1) near the first surface A1 of the image light enters the optical waveguide from the light incident surface A0, some light rays may not reflect from the second surface A2, but directly enter the total reflection area to generate first reflection, and the incident angle of the light rays directly entering the total reflection area for total reflection transmission is not matched with the working angle of the optical waveguide due to no reflection from the coupling-in area, so that stray light may be formed and the imaging effect is affected. To eliminate this portion of parasitic light, it is necessary to determine the length of the first surface A1 in the first direction, that is, the position of the connecting line of the second surface A2 and the fourth surface, that is, the position of the point M in fig. 3. It is considered that as long as the edge light does not directly enter the total reflection region, it can be ensured that other light does not directly enter the total reflection region of the optical waveguide. Specifically, the first direction is shown as the arrow direction in fig. 3 and 5. In the right triangle formed by the point R, M, O in fig. 5, L1 is a first edge ray, and after knowing the angle of one side length and one acute angle of the right triangle, the dimensions of other side lengths can be calculated according to the sine theorem, so as to obtain the length of the first surface A1 in the first direction.
In the coupling-in area, the included angle γ between the first edge light L1 and the perpendicularly incident central light L0 may be determined according to the actual image light situation, and if the light divergence is low, the included angle between the first edge light and the central light may be ignored, then γ=0; if the angle is not ignored, the angle γ between the first edge light L1 and the central light L0 can be determined by any method, for example, the angle γ between the first edge light L1 and the central light L0 can be determined by measuring the image light vertically incident on the optical waveguide material, or the angle γ can be determined by the angle of view of the optical machine module and the refractive index of the optical waveguide. In one embodiment, according to the mutual positions of the optical module and the coupling-in area, the angle γ between the first edge light L1 and the central light L0 can be determined to be related to the lateral viewing angle of the optical module (the lateral direction is the lateral direction relative to the image emitted by the optical module), and according to the known viewing angle calculation formula and the refraction law, the angle γ between the first edge light L1 and the central light L0 can be determined according to the lateral viewing angle of the optical module and the refraction index of the optical waveguide material.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 9, which shows a sub-flow of step S25 in the manufacturing method shown in fig. 7, wherein step S25 specifically includes:
Step S251: according to the included angle gamma between the first edge light L1 and the central light L0, an included angle f between the first edge light L1 and the light incident surface A0 is determined.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the first edge light L1 needs to be transmitted to the junction M between the second surface A2 and the fourth surface A4 after entering from the junction O between the light incident surface A0 and the first surface A1, so that other image light cannot be directly transmitted to the fourth surface A4, and therefore the position of M needs to be determined. The central light L0 is perpendicular to the light incident surface A0, and the angle between the central light L0 and the light incident surface A0 is 90 °, and the angle between the first edge light L1 and the central light L0 is γ, so that the angle f=90° +γ between the first edge light L1 and the light incident surface A0.
Step S252: the length of the first surface A1 in the first direction is determined according to the included angle phi between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide, the included angle f between the first edge light L1 and the light incident surface A0 and the thickness THK.
Specifically, the angle between the first surface A1 and the light incident surface A0 is actually equivalent to the angle phi between the optical module and the optical waveguide (as can be seen from fig. 1), and then the angle phi-f between the first edge light and the first surface is phi-f, in the right triangle formed by the point R, M, O in fig. 3, RM is the thickness THK, and RO is the length of the first surface A1 in the first direction, after knowing the thickness THK and the angle phi-f, the size of RO, that is, the length of the first surface A1 in the first direction, can be calculated according to the sine theorem.
In some embodiments, the fabrication parameters further include a length of the first plane a21 in the third direction, please refer to fig. 10, which illustrates a further sub-process of step S20 in the fabrication method illustrated in fig. 4, and determining the fabrication parameters of the optical waveguide further includes:
step S26: acquiring an incidence position P of a second edge light L2 on the light incident surface A0 and the length of the light incident surface A0 in a second direction, wherein the second edge light L2 is an edge light of an image light close to the second surface A2;
as shown in fig. 11, after the light ray near the second surface A2 of the image light enters the optical waveguide from the light incident surface A0, some light rays may reflect from the first plane a21 and then reflect from the first surface A1, but not directly enter the total reflection area, i.e. some light rays reflect from the first surface A1 and then propagate to the first plane a21 to be reflected, and after the light rays reflected secondarily from the second surface A2 enter the total reflection area, stray light is formed and the imaging effect is affected. In this embodiment, please refer to fig. 5, the second edge light L2 is reflected at the first plane a21 after entering the optical waveguide from the light incident surface A0, and then reaches the first plane A1 to be reflected and directly enters the total reflection area of the optical waveguide for transmission. Only the second edge light L2 needs to be reflected by the first surface A1 and not reflected by the second surface A2. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the length of the first plane a21 of the second face A2 in the third direction, the first plane a21 being a reflecting face of the second face, which is related to the incident position P of the image light and the length of the light incident face A0 in the second direction, the second direction and the third direction being the directions of arrows in fig. 3 and 5. The incident position P of the second edge light L2 of the image light on the light incident surface A0 is determined by the position of the light emergent surface of the optical machine module, and can be specifically set according to actual requirements without being limited by the embodiment of the present invention.
Step S27: the length of the first plane a21 in the third direction is determined according to the incident position P, the length of the light incident surface A0 in the second direction, the included angle i between the light incident surface A0 and the first plane a21, the included angle β between the extension surface of the fourth plane A4 and the first plane a21, and the included angle γ between the second edge light L2 and the central light L0.
Specifically, the incident position P is an edge position of the light exit surface of the light engine module on the light entrance surface of the coupling-in area, as shown in fig. 5, OP is a light entrance range of the light exit of the light engine module into the coupling-in area, and PQ is a reserved non-light entrance range. The propagation path of the second edge ray L2 in the coupling-in region has a certain relationship with the incident position P. According to the known angles and lengths, the transverse length of the first plane a21 can be calculated by adding auxiliary lines and the like on the premise of knowing the angles and partial side lengths of the triangles, and the distance of the first plane a21 in the third direction can be determined by finding the position of the second edge light L2, which is in contact with the second plane A2 after being reflected by the first plane A1, in a ray tracing manner. The determining manner of the included angle between the second edge light L2 and the central light L0 is the same as the determining manner of the included angle between the first edge light L1 and the central light L0, and will not be described herein.
In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 12, which illustrates a sub-process of step S27 in the manufacturing method shown in fig. 10, wherein step S27 specifically includes:
step S271: according to the included angle i between the light incident surface A0 and the first plane A21 and the included angle gamma between the second edge light L2 and the central light L0, determining the incident angle a of the second edge light L2 reflected on the first plane A21.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the geometric relationship is available, a=i- γ, so that a can be calculated after i and γ are known.
Step S272: determining an incident angle d of the second edge light ray L2 reflected on the first surface A1 according to an incident angle a of the second edge light ray L2 reflected on the first surface A21 and an included angle beta between the extension surface of the fourth surface A4 and the first surface A21;
specifically, referring to fig. 5, the geometric relationship may result in d=a- β=e=c.
Step S273: the length NQ of the first plane in the third direction is determined according to the incident position P, the length of the light incident surface A0 in the second direction, the included angle i between the light incident surface A0 and the first plane a21, the incident angle a of the second marginal ray L2 reflected on the first plane a21, and the incident angle d of the second marginal ray L2 reflected on the first plane A1.
Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 5, the incident position P can divide the incident surface A0 into a sub-incident surface OP and a sub-incident surface PQ, wherein the sub-incident surface OP is in butt joint with the light emitting surface of the optical module, and is an incident light portion, and the sub-incident surface PQ is a non-incident light portion. The position of N is affected by the incident position P and the length of the light incident surface in the first direction. As can be seen from fig. 5, the length of the first plane NO is the sum of the base of two triangles surrounded by the first plane NO, the second edge light L2, and the sub-light-incident surface PQ. In the smaller triangle, according to the sine theorem of the triangle, other side lengths and inner angles of the smaller triangle are obtained according to the included angle i between the light incident surface A0 and the first plane A21, the incident angle a of the second edge light L2 reflected by the first plane A21 and the sub light incident surface PQ, and for solving the side length of the larger triangle, the other inner angle of the larger triangle is determined according to the incident angle a of the second edge light L2 reflected by the first plane A21 and the incident angle d of the second edge light L2 reflected by the first plane A1, and then according to the side length and inner angle of the smaller triangle and the inner angle of the larger triangle, the other side length of the larger triangle is obtained by drawing an auxiliary line, so that the length of the first plane NQ in the third direction can be obtained.
It should be noted that, since the included angle between the second edge light and each surface may be calculated in different manners, the determination of the length of the first plane NQ in the third direction is not limited to the method given in the foregoing embodiment, for example, in a smaller triangle, the included angle g (g=90 ° - γ) between the second edge light L2 and the light incident surface R0 may also be determined according to the included angle γ between the second edge light L2 and the central light L0, so that three internal angles of the smaller triangle may be directly calculated.
In some embodiments, the second surface A2 further includes a second plane a22, two opposite sides of the second plane A2 are respectively connected to the fourth surface A4 and the first plane a21, as shown in fig. 5, if the first plane a21 and the second plane a22 are not on the same plane, please refer to fig. 13, which illustrates a further sub-process of step S20 in the manufacturing method shown in fig. 4, and the method further includes:
step S28: the second plane a22 is subjected to an inking treatment so that the second plane serves as a light absorbing surface.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the second plane a22 may be subjected to an inking treatment, so that the second plane a22 may be used as a light absorbing surface to absorb stray light, so as to prevent secondary reflection of image light on the second plane A2. In some embodiments, by adjusting the incident position of the second edge light L2 and the length of the light incident surface A0 in the second direction, the position of the intersection line between the first plane a21 and the second plane a22 can be controlled, so that the first plane a21 and the second plane a22 are on the same plane, and thus the second plane a22 can form a smaller plane, so that the inking treatment is not required, and the coupled light brightness can achieve a uniform effect. Of course, if the first plane a21 and the second plane a22 are on the same plane, the second plane a22 may be subjected to the inking treatment, so that the brightness of the coupled light is more uniform.
Step S30: and cutting the waveguide substrate according to the manufacturing parameters to obtain the optical waveguide.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after the manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide are calculated in the step S20, the required optical waveguide can be obtained by cutting on the provided waveguide substrate.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, fig. 14 and 15 are luminance uniformity diagrams obtained by simulating the optical waveguide which is not subjected to stray light treatment and is subjected to stray light treatment, and it can be seen that there is a phenomenon that there is a significant luminance unevenness before stray light is eliminated, and the overall luminance is uniform after stray light is eliminated.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a manufacturing apparatus, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and is characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the manufacturing method according to any one of the above embodiments when executing the computer program. The fabrication apparatus may cut the pre-provided waveguide substrate according to the steps of one embodiment to obtain the final optical waveguide.
Example III
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical waveguide, which can be manufactured by adopting the manufacturing method as in the first embodiment.
Specifically, the manufacturing method is shown in embodiment one and fig. 3 to 13, and will not be described in detail here.
The structure of the optical waveguide manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment is shown in fig. 3 and/or fig. 5 and the corresponding description in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail herein.
Example IV
An embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display device, please refer to fig. 16, which illustrates a structure of the near-eye display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the near-eye display device 10 includes: an opto-mechanical module 1, and an optical waveguide 2 as in the second embodiment.
Specifically, the structure of the optical waveguide 2 is described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment and fig. 3 and/or fig. 5, and will not be described in detail herein.
The optical waveguide 2 manufactured by the manufacturing method provided by the first embodiment of the invention can meet the requirements of different included angles between the optical waveguide 2 and the optical machine module 1, thereby being more suitable for ergonomic design.
The embodiment of the invention provides a manufacturing method of an optical waveguide, manufacturing equipment, the optical waveguide and near-to-eye display equipment, the optical waveguide comprises a coupling-in area and a total reflection area, the coupling-in area comprises an optical input surface, a first surface and a second surface, the total reflection area comprises a third surface and a fourth surface which are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, the first surface and the third surface are arranged on the same plane, after image light output by an optical machine module enters the coupling-in area through the optical input surface, primary reflection is carried out on the second surface, and primary reflection is carried out on the first surface, then the total reflection transmission is carried out on the first surface, the method firstly obtains an included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and an angle parameter of the image light coupled out by the optical waveguide, then determines the manufacturing parameter of the optical waveguide according to the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and the angle of the image light coupled out by the optical waveguide, finally, the optical waveguide is cut on the waveguide substrate according to the manufacturing parameter, and through the method, a user can design and manufacture the optical waveguide according to a design angle between the optical waveguide and the optical machine module as required.
It should be noted that the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus a general purpose hardware platform, or may be implemented by hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes implementing the methods of the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer program for instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program may include processes of the embodiments of the methods described above when executed. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), or the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the invention, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The manufacturing method of the optical waveguide is characterized in that the optical waveguide comprises a coupling-in area and a total reflection area, the coupling-in area comprises a light incident surface, a first surface and a second surface, the total reflection area comprises a third surface and a fourth surface which are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, the first surface and the third surface are arranged on the same plane, after entering the coupling-in area through the light incident surface, image light output by an optical machine module enters the total reflection area for total reflection transmission after being reflected once on the second surface and being reflected once on the first surface,
The second surface comprises a first plane and a second plane, the first plane is connected with the light incident surface, two opposite side edges of the second plane are respectively connected with the fourth surface and the first plane,
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring an included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and an angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide;
determining manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide according to an included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and an angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide, wherein the manufacturing parameters comprise an included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane and an included angle between an extension surface of the fourth surface and the first plane, the extension surface of the fourth surface is a virtual surface formed by extending the fourth surface towards the direction of the light incident surface, and the position of an intersection line of the first plane and the second plane is controlled by adjusting the incident position of a second edge light and the length of the light incident surface in a second direction, wherein the second edge light is an edge light of the image light close to the second surface;
and cutting the waveguide substrate according to the manufacturing parameters to obtain the optical waveguide.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein,
the optical waveguide further comprises a coupling-out region, the coupling-out region comprises a fifth surface and a sixth surface which are parallel and oppositely arranged, the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide is the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the sixth surface,
the fifth surface and the third surface are arranged on the same plane,
the determining the manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide according to the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and the angle parameter of the image light coupled out of the optical waveguide comprises the following steps:
determining an incident angle of total reflection transmission of a central ray entering the total reflection area according to an angle parameter of the image ray coupled out of the sixth surface, wherein the central ray is an image ray vertically incident to the light incident surface;
and determining an included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane and an included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first plane according to the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide and the incident angle of the total reflection transmission of the central light entering the total reflection area.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein,
The fabrication parameters further include a length of the first face in a first direction,
the determining the manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide further comprises:
acquiring the thickness of the total reflection area;
determining an included angle between a first edge ray and the central ray, wherein the first edge ray is an edge ray of the image ray close to the first face;
and determining the length of the first surface in the first direction according to the thickness, the included angle between the first edge light and the central light and the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein,
the determining the length of the first surface in the first direction according to the thickness, the included angle between the first edge light and the central light, and the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide includes:
determining an included angle between the first edge light and the light incident surface according to the included angle between the first edge light and the central light;
and determining the length of the first surface in the first direction according to the included angle between the optical machine module and the optical waveguide, the included angle between the first edge light and the light incident surface and the thickness.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein,
the manufacturing parameters further comprise the length of the first plane in a third direction;
the determining the manufacturing parameters of the optical waveguide further comprises:
acquiring the incidence position of the second edge light on the light incident surface and the length of the light incident surface in the second direction;
and determining the length of the first plane in the third direction according to the incident position, the length of the light incident surface in the second direction, the included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane, the included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first plane, and the included angle between the second edge light and the central light.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein,
the determining the length of the first plane in the third direction according to the incident position, the length of the light incident surface in the second direction, the included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane, the included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first plane, and the included angle between the second edge light and the central light, includes:
determining an incident angle of the second edge light reflected on the first plane according to an included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane and an included angle between the second edge light and the central light;
Determining the incidence angle of the second edge light reflected on the first surface according to the incidence angle of the second edge light reflected on the first surface and the included angle between the extension surface of the fourth surface and the first surface;
and determining the length of the first plane in the third direction according to the incident position, the length of the light incident surface in the second direction, the included angle between the light incident surface and the first plane, the incident angle of the second edge light reflected on the first plane and the incident angle of the second edge light reflected on the first plane.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein,
if the first plane and the second plane are not on the same plane, the method further comprises:
and (3) carrying out inking treatment on the second plane so that the second plane serves as a light absorbing surface.
8. A production apparatus comprising a memory and a processor, said memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the production method according to any one of claims 1-7 when executing said computer program.
9. An optical waveguide produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A near-eye display device, comprising: an opto-mechanical module, and an optical waveguide according to claim 9.
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| CN106772771B (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2019-09-03 | 合肥鑫晟光电科技有限公司 | Light guide plate, backlight module and display device |
| CN107300778B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-12-24 | 浙江晶景光电有限公司 | Augmented reality display device and augmented display equipment |
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| CN111562678B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-12-08 | 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 | Method for adjusting field angle and near-to-eye display device |
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Denomination of invention: Method and equipment for manufacturing optical waveguides, optical waveguides and near eye display devices Granted publication date: 20230606 Pledgee: Bank of Shanghai Limited by Share Ltd. Shenzhen branch Pledgor: Long optoelectronics Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980019924 |