CN115386411B - Preparation method of ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil - Google Patents
Preparation method of ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN115386411B CN115386411B CN202210967206.6A CN202210967206A CN115386411B CN 115386411 B CN115386411 B CN 115386411B CN 202210967206 A CN202210967206 A CN 202210967206A CN 115386411 B CN115386411 B CN 115386411B
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- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CSSCC1=CC=CC=C1 GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) Chemical group CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BFVOBXSKECUHSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-di(butan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCC(C)N(C(C)CC)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 BFVOBXSKECUHSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JBTHDAVBDKKSRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1552233 Chemical group CC1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12 JBTHDAVBDKKSRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003211 cis-1,4-polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940073450 sudan red Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OSPSWZSRKYCQPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutoxy(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound CCCCO[P+](=O)OCCCC OSPSWZSRKYCQPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Pb+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000008040 Peucedanum palustre Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007078 Peucedanum palustre Species 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004916 vomit Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- VSVUSPDEPGDGSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].CC(C)=C Chemical group [S].CC(C)=C VSVUSPDEPGDGSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XABOGHNHKIIESX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane phosphoric acid sulfane Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.N.S XABOGHNHKIIESX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP([O-])OCCCC BVXOPEOQUQWRHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
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- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil, which comprises the following steps: s1: preparation of base oil, S2: blending and filtering by adding additives and S3: and a filling step, wherein in the step S1, a normal two-line fraction oil separation and cutting are performed by adopting an atmospheric and vacuum device, the temperature of the top of the fractionating tower is 160-180 ℃, the temperature of the bottom of the fractionating tower is 250-260 ℃, the side extraction temperature of the fractionating system is 200-210 ℃, and the steam amount of the side stripping tower is 200-250kg/h. The base oil is prepared by adopting the Tarim, the Huha and the Yumen crude oil, the source of the crude oil is stable, the yield is sufficient, and the production requirement of petroleum-based ultralow-temperature hydraulic oil can be ensured. The utility model provides a low-sulfur paraffin-based oil, including the middle base crude oil of sulfur-containing, the middle base crude oil of jade door crude oil, and vomit the thick oil of hakuh-sha for the middle base crude oil of sulfur-containing, this application through with above-mentioned crude oil reasonable ratio, on the one hand can reduce cost, on the other hand, can guarantee the quality of the base oil of production well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic oil, and particularly relates to a preparation method of ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil.
Background
The high-altitude unmanned aircraft can have various purposes, such as air early warning, communication relay, electronic interference, coast and boundary patrol, atmospheric environment research, air traffic control and the like. The unmanned aerial vehicle has the main characteristics that the long-time flying unmanned aerial vehicle at high altitude has longer dead time and longer voyage, the unmanned aerial vehicle on-board equipment with long-time flying is required to continuously work for longer fault-free time, each equipment is required to have high reliability, and meanwhile, the on-board equipment has little redundancy in consideration of the energy consumption of the equipment, and the reliability problem must be fully considered in the comprehensive design of a system.
The hydraulic oil used by the U.S. global eagle unmanned aircraft is ultralow temperature hydraulic oil. For example, MIL-PRF-81019 ultralow temperature hydraulic oil can be used at the temperature of-70 ℃.
At the beginning of the last 50 th century, three hydraulic oils, namely NAT (TY 327-1950), MB (f OCT 1805-1951) and AM f-10, were used successively. AM f-10 raw material is derived from light diesel oil fraction distilled at 210-300 deg.C, viscosity at 50 deg.C is not less than 10mm 2 And/s, the working temperature ranges from minus 60 ℃ to 127 ℃, and the upper limit of the short-time temperature can reach 150 ℃.
The adopted hydraulic oil is mainly 15 # hydraulic oil and RP 4350 hydraulic oil, the 15 # hydraulic oil is equivalent to the MIL-PRF-5606 in the United states in terms of heat stability, low temperature performance and shear stability, the lower limit of the use temperature is-55 ℃, the requirement of the fixed wing aircraft at-54 ℃ is met, the RP 4350 hydraulic oil is equivalent to the MIL-PRF-83282 in the United states, but the lower limit of the use temperature is only-40 ℃, and therefore the hydraulic oil is only popularized and used on helicopters. At present, no ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil product meeting ultralow-temperature requirements exists in China.
The high-altitude unmanned aircraft has more pipelines of a hydraulic system (except for a landing gear), hydraulic oil always works, generates heat, does not have a low-temperature problem, and can meet the requirement of hydraulic oil No. 15; the landing gear is not used in normal flight, is in a low-temperature state for a long time, is low in hydraulic oil heating, is low in hydraulic oil flow, and has low retraction capacity and low retraction speed, so that normal use is affected. In order to solve the problem, the heating device is arranged in the hydraulic system, so that the weight of the unmanned aerial vehicle is increased, and therefore, the aviation hydraulic oil with low-temperature viscosity smaller than that of the No. 15 hydraulic oil and low-temperature performance better than that of the No. 15 hydraulic oil needs to be developed to meet the requirement of the high-altitude aerial vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical aim of the invention is to provide a preparation method of ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil with low viscosity and excellent low-temperature performance, and the ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil prepared by the method can be used for high-altitude unmanned aircraft.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing ultra-low temperature aviation hydraulic oil, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing base oil:
s1-1: mixed crude oil
In the step, 68-74 parts by weight of Tarim crude oil, 19-25 parts by weight of Yumen crude oil and 5-13 parts by weight of Tuha thick oil are mixed;
s1-2: ultrasonic desalination and dehydration
S1-3: the normal two-line fraction oil of the atmospheric and vacuum device is separated and cut,
in the step S1-3, the temperature of the top of the fractionating tower is 160-180 ℃, the temperature of the bottom of the fractionating tower is 250-260 ℃, the side draw temperature of the fractionating system is 200-210 ℃, and the steam amount of the side stripper is 200-250kg/h;
s1-4: dewaxing of molecular sieves
In the step S1-4, the feeding amount of the dewaxing system is 2.2-2.5t/h, and the bed temperature of the 5A molecular sieve is 300-360 ℃;
s1-5: acid-base carclazyte refining
S2: adding the additive to blend and filtering,
wherein the additive comprises, based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil prepared in S1: 8-10 parts by weight of a pour point depressing tackifier, 1-2 parts by weight of an antioxidant, 2-3 parts by weight of an antiwear agent, 0.01-0.02 part by weight of an antifoaming agent and optionally 0.01-0.02 part by weight of a coloring agent;
s3: and (5) filling.
In a specific embodiment, in the step S1-1, 71 parts by weight of Tarim crude oil, 22 parts by weight of Yumen crude oil and 7 parts by weight of Tuha thick oil are mixed.
In a specific embodiment, in step S1-3, the fractionation overhead temperature is 160-170 ℃, the fractionation bottoms temperature is 250-255 ℃, the fractionation system side draw temperature is 200-205 ℃, and the side stripper vapor amount is 200-245kg/h.
In this application, by increasing the fractionation bottom temperature, the fractionation top temperature by 5 to 10 ℃ relative to the normal operation temperature of the fractionation cut of a general base oil, and controlling the fractionation system side draw temperature to 200 to 210 ℃, preferably 200 to 205 ℃, it is possible to ensure that the side draw initial distillation point is not lower than 240 ℃. In addition, in the present application, by controlling the steam amount of the side stripper to 200-250kg/h, preferably 200-245kg/h, the stripping effect can be improved, the light component content can be reduced, and the flash point can be ensured to be not lower than 95 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, in step S1-4, the dewaxing system feed is 2.2 to 2.3t/h and the molecular sieve bed temperature is 305 ℃.
The present application can ensure that the dewaxed oil pour point is not higher than-75 ℃ by reducing the dewaxing system feed to 2.2t/h from 2.8t/h of the conventional feed cut by fractionation of the conventional base oil, and raising the molecular sieve bed temperature from the conventional temperature of 285 ℃ to around 305 ℃.
In a specific embodiment, in step S2, the pour point depressing tackifier is composed of Polymethacrylate (PMA), ethylene propylene copolymer (OCP) and liquid polyisoprene in a weight ratio of 4-8:1-4:0.1-3, more preferably in a weight ratio of 5-7:2-3.5:0.5-2.5, most preferably in a weight ratio of 6:2.5:1.5.
Preferably, the relative molecular mass of the liquid polyisoprene is 8000-24000, wherein the molar ratio of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene to 3, 4-polyisoprene is 80:20 to 70:30, namely low cis-polyisoprene.
Preferably, the pour point depressing tackifier is contained in an amount of 8 to 9 parts by weight, more preferably 8.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-methylphenol, 4 '-methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol), α -naphthylamine or N, N-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, preferably 4,4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol) or N, N-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, most preferably N, N-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine.
Preferably, the antioxidant is contained in an amount of 1 to 1.8 parts by weight, more preferably 1.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
Preferably, the antiwear agent is selected from tricresyl phosphate (TCP), triphenyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, di-n-butyl phosphite, acidic dibutyl phosphite, a sulfur phosphate nitrogen-containing derivative, sulfur isobutylene, dibenzyl disulfide, lead naphthenate, borate, more preferably dibenzyl disulfide, sulfur isobutylene, tricresyl phosphate or triphenyl phosphate, most preferably dibenzyl disulfide or sulfur isobutylene.
Preferably, the antiwear agent is present in an amount of 2.1 to 2.8 parts by weight, more preferably 2.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
Preferably, the anti-foaming agent is methyl silicone oil and ethyl silicone oil (the weight ratio of the methyl silicone oil to the ethyl silicone oil is 1:9).
Preferably, the coloring agent may be sudan red.
Advantageous effects
The base oil is prepared by adopting the Tarim, the Huha and the Yumen crude oil, the source of the crude oil is stable, the yield is sufficient, and the production requirement of petroleum-based ultralow-temperature hydraulic oil can be ensured. The utility model provides a low-sulfur paraffin-based oil, including the middle base crude oil of sulfur-containing, the middle base crude oil of jade door crude oil, and vomit the thick oil of hakuh-sha for the middle base crude oil of sulfur-containing, this application through with above-mentioned crude oil reasonable ratio, on the one hand can reduce cost, on the other hand, can guarantee the quality of the base oil of production well.
In summary, through the above raw material selection, the process steps and the improved arrangement of parameters, the prepared ultralow temperature aviation hydraulic oil has lower viscosity and good low temperature characteristics compared with No. 15 aviation hydraulic oil in the prior art, and various performance indexes of the ultralow temperature aviation hydraulic oil are basically equivalent to the physicochemical properties of similar foreign oil products, so that the requirements of high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle can be well met.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is given by way of specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Singular references also include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," or "having," when used herein, are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, components, or groups thereof, and are to be understood to not preclude the addition or presence of one or more other features, integers, steps, components, or groups thereof.
Throughout the specification, when it is referred to that an element is "connected" to another element, it can be taken to include not only "direct connection" but also "indirect connection" between other elements. In addition, when an element is referred to as "comprising" a certain component, it is meant that the element may further comprise other components without excluding other components, unless explicitly stated to the contrary.
The terms "first", "second", and the like, as used herein, are used to explain various constituent elements, and they are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one constituent element from another.
Also, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Singular references also include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "including," or "having," when used herein, are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, components, or groups thereof, and are to be understood to not preclude the addition or presence of one or more other features, integers, steps, components, or groups thereof.
Also, if a layer or an element is referred to as being formed "on" or "over" a layer or an element, it means that each layer or element is formed directly on the layer or element, or that other layers or elements may be formed between layers, bodies, or substrates.
Hereinafter, "%" or percentage mentioned in the additive addition amount means weight percentage.
The conventional production control index of the low temperature aviation hydraulic oil existing at present and the ultra-low temperature aviation hydraulic oil production control index according to the present invention are shown in the following tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 Main Process parameter control index for fractionation System
TABLE 2 Main Process parameter control indicators for dewaxing systems
Example 1 preparation of base oil
S1: 71 parts by weight of Tarim crude oil, 22 parts by weight of Yumen crude oil and 7 parts by weight of Tuha thick oil are mixed and stirred for 1-2 hours to obtain mixed crude oil;
s2: carrying out ultrasonic desalination and dehydration on the mixed crude oil obtained in the step S1 for 3 hours;
s3: cutting the desalted and dehydrated mixed crude oil through normal pressure device normal two-line fraction oil according to the parameters in the table 1, wherein the temperature of the top of the fractionating tower is 160-170 ℃, the temperature of the bottom of the fractionating tower is 250-255 ℃, the side extraction temperature of the fractionating system is 200-205 ℃, and the steam amount of the side stripper is 200-245kg/h;
s4: subjecting the fraction obtained in the step S3 to molecular sieve dewaxing according to the parameters in the table 2, wherein the feeding amount of a dewaxing system is 2.2-2.3t/h, and the temperature of a molecular sieve bed is 305+/-5 ℃;
s5: and S4, carrying out clay refining on the fraction subjected to dewaxing treatment to obtain final base oil, wherein the clay adsorbent selectively adsorbs residual harmful components such as colloid, asphaltene, sulfide, mechanical impurities and the like. Characterization data of the resulting base oils are given in table 3 below.
Comparative example 1 preparation of base oil
Except that the parameters of the normal pressure device in step S3 are set as follows: the base oils were prepared in the same manner as in example 1 with a fractionation column top temperature of 150 to 160 c, i.e., a conventional temperature range, a fractionation column bottom temperature of 240 to 250 c, i.e., a conventional temperature range, a fractionation system side draw temperature of 190 to 210 c, i.e., a conventional temperature range, and a side stripper vapor amount of 200 to 245kg/h, and the characterization data of the resulting base oils were as shown in table 3 below.
Comparative example 2 preparation of base oil
A base oil was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that the feed amount of the dewaxing system in the molecular sieve dewaxing step in step S4 was set to 2.8 to 3.2t/h, and the characterization data of the resulting base oil were as shown in table 3 below.
Comparative example 3 preparation of base oil
A base oil was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that the molecular sieve bed temperature in the molecular sieve dewaxing step in step S4 was set to 285 ℃, and characterization data of the resulting base oil was shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 quality of base oil fractionation System product
Preparation example 1
100kg of refined base oil prepared in example 1, 1.5kg of a pour point depressing tackifier, 2.5kg of an antioxidant of 4,4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2.5kg of an antiwear agent tricresyl phosphate, 0.01kg of an antifoaming agent methyl silicone oil and an ethyl silicone oil (weight ratio of the two is 1:9), and 0.01kg of a colorant sudan red are added into a reaction kettle, stirred for 1-2 hours at 60-80 ℃, filtered and filled to obtain ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil.
Wherein the pour point depressing tackifier consists of Polymethacrylate (PMA), ethylene propylene copolymer (OCP) and liquid polyisoprene in a weight ratio of 6:2.5:1.5, wherein the relative molecular weight of the liquid polyisoprene is 12000, and the molar ratio of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene to 3, 4-polyisoprene is 70:30.
Preparation example 2
100kg of refined base oil prepared in comparative example 1, 8.5kg of a pour point depressing tackifier, 1.5kg of an antioxidant of 4,4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2.5kg of an antiwear agent tricresyl phosphate, 0.01kg of an antifoaming agent methyl silicone oil and ethyl silicone oil (weight ratio of the two is 1:9), and 0.01kg of a colorant sudan red are added into a reaction kettle, stirred for 1-2 hours at 60-80 ℃, filtered and filled to obtain ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil.
Wherein the pour point depressing tackifier consists of Polymethacrylate (PMA), ethylene propylene copolymer (OCP) and liquid polyisoprene in a weight ratio of 6:2.5:1.5, wherein the relative molecular weight of the liquid polyisoprene is 12000, and the molar ratio of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene to 3, 4-polyisoprene is 70:30.
Preparation example 3
100kg of refined base oil prepared in comparative example 2, 8.5kg of a pour point depressing tackifier, 1.5kg of an antioxidant of 4,4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2.5kg of an antiwear agent tricresyl phosphate, 0.01kg of an antifoaming agent methyl silicone oil and ethyl silicone oil (weight ratio of the two is 1:9), and 0.01kg of a colorant sudan red are added into a reaction kettle, stirred for 1-2 hours at 60-80 ℃, filtered and filled to obtain ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil.
Wherein the pour point depressing tackifier consists of Polymethacrylate (PMA), ethylene propylene copolymer (OCP) and liquid polyisoprene in a weight ratio of 6:2.5:1.5, wherein the relative molecular weight of the liquid polyisoprene is 12000, and the molar ratio of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene to 3, 4-polyisoprene is 70:30.
Preparation example 4
100kg of refined base oil prepared in comparative example 3, 8.5kg of a pour point depressing tackifier, 1.5kg of an antioxidant of 4,4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2.5kg of an antiwear agent tricresyl phosphate, 0.01kg of an antifoaming agent methyl silicone oil and ethyl silicone oil (weight ratio of the two is 1:9), and 0.01kg of a colorant sudan red are added into a reaction kettle, stirred for 1-2 hours at 60-80 ℃, filtered and filled to obtain ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil.
Wherein the pour point depressing tackifier consists of Polymethacrylate (PMA), ethylene propylene copolymer (OCP) and liquid polyisoprene in a weight ratio of 6:2.5:1.5, wherein the relative molecular weight of the liquid polyisoprene is 12000, and the molar ratio of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene to 3, 4-polyisoprene is 70:30.
a) The ultra-low temperature aviation hydraulic oils of preparation examples 1 to 4 were compared with foreign products (Royco 719 ultra-low temperature hydraulic oil of Royal company, U.S. and conforming standard is MIL-PRF-81019) and No. 15 aviation hydraulic oil, and the results are shown in Table 4 below.
TABLE 4 preparation of the Experimental data on the Main physicochemical Properties of the ultra-Low temperature aviation hydraulic oil and the foreign oil of examples 1 to 4
As can be seen from the data in Table 4, the ultra-low temperature aviation hydraulic oil obtained by the preparation method of the present application is basically equivalent to the physicochemical properties of the foreign similar oil products. Compared with No. 15 aviation hydraulic oil, the kinematic viscosity of the hydraulic oil obtained by the preparation method is obviously reduced, and the low-temperature performance is improved.
b) Storage stability of ultra-low temperature aviation hydraulic oil
The physical and chemical properties of the sample of preparation example 1 stored for 12 months were analyzed, and various experimental data are shown in table 5, which shows that the sample has good storage stability.
TABLE 5 storage stability test
b) Batch stability of ultra-low temperature aviation hydraulic oil
According to the production formula and the production process determined in preparation example 1, the production is amplified, 3 batches of products are produced, the batch stability of the products is examined, specific data are shown in table 6, and experimental results show that the ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil has good batch stability.
Table 6 batch stability data for ultra low temperature aviation hydraulic oil
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (20)
1. A method for preparing ultralow-temperature aviation hydraulic oil, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing base oil:
s1-1: mixed crude oil
In the step, 68-74 parts by weight of Tarim crude oil, 19-25 parts by weight of Yumen crude oil and 5-13 parts by weight of Tuha thick oil are mixed;
s1-2: ultrasonic desalination and dehydration
S1-3: normal two-line fraction oil separating and cutting for atmospheric and vacuum device
In the step S1-3, the temperature of the top of the fractionating tower is 160-180 ℃, the temperature of the bottom of the fractionating tower is 250-260 ℃, the side draw temperature of the fractionating system is 200-210 ℃, and the steam amount of the side stripper is 200-250kg/h;
s1-4: dewaxing of molecular sieves
In the step S1-4, the feeding amount of the dewaxing system is 2.2-2.5t/h, and the bed temperature of the 5A molecular sieve is 300-360 ℃;
s1-5: acid-base carclazyte refining
S2: adding additives for blending and filtering
Wherein the additive comprises, based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil prepared in S1: 8-10 parts by weight of a pour point depressing tackifier, 1-2 parts by weight of an antioxidant, 2-3 parts by weight of an antiwear agent, 0.01-0.02 part by weight of an antifoaming agent and optionally 0.01-0.02 part by weight of a coloring agent;
s3: filling;
in the step S2, the pour point depressing tackifier consists of polymethacrylate, ethylene-propylene copolymer and liquid polyisoprene, wherein the weight ratio of the polymethacrylate to the ethylene-propylene copolymer to the liquid polyisoprene is 4-8:1-4:0.1-3;
the relative molecular mass of the liquid polyisoprene is 8000-24000, and the mol ratio of cis-1, 4-polyisoprene to 3, 4-polyisoprene is 80:20-70:30.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1-1, 71 parts by weight of tarry crude oil, 22 parts by weight of yumen crude oil, and 7 parts by weight of hogfennel oil are mixed.
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1-3, the fractionation column top temperature is 160-170 ℃, the fractionation column bottom temperature is 250-255 ℃, the fractionation system side draw temperature is 200-205 ℃, and the side stripper vapor amount is 200-245kg/h.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein in step S1-4 the dewaxing system feed is 2.2 to 2.3t/h and the molecular sieve bed temperature is 305 ℃.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the weight ratio of the polymethacrylate, the ethylene propylene copolymer and the liquid polyisoprene is 5-7:2-3.5:0.5-2.5.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, the weight ratio of the polymethacrylate, the ethylene propylene copolymer and the liquid polyisoprene is 6:2.5:1.5.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content of the pour point depressing tackifier is 8 to 9 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the content of the pour point depressing tackifier is 8.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of 2, 6-di-t-butyl-p-methylphenol, 4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-t-butylphenol), α -naphthylamine and N, N-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine.
10. The process according to claim 9, wherein the antioxidant is 4,4' -methylenebis (2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol) or N, N-di-sec-butylp-phenylenediamine.
11. The process according to claim 10, wherein the antioxidant is N, N-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is contained in an amount of 1 to 1.8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the antioxidant is present in an amount of 1.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein the antiwear agent is selected from the group consisting of tricresyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, tributyl phosphate, di-n-butyl phosphite, dibutyl acid phosphite, nitrogen-containing derivatives of thiophosphoric acid, sulfurized isobutylene, dibenzyldisulfide, lead naphthenate, and borates.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein the antiwear agent is dibenzyldisulfide, sulfurized isobutylene, tricresyl phosphate or triphenyl phosphate.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the antiwear agent is dibenzyldisulfide or sulfurized isobutylene.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein the antiwear agent is present in an amount of 2.1 to 2.8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
18. The production method according to claim 17, wherein the antiwear agent is contained in an amount of 2.5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the base oil.
19. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the antifoaming agent is methyl silicone oil and ethyl silicone oil, and the weight ratio of the methyl silicone oil to the ethyl silicone oil is 1:9.
20. The method of claim 1, wherein the dye is sudan red.
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