CN115382797B - Countersunk rivet screening tool using optical principle and use method thereof - Google Patents
Countersunk rivet screening tool using optical principle and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115382797B CN115382797B CN202210898591.3A CN202210898591A CN115382797B CN 115382797 B CN115382797 B CN 115382797B CN 202210898591 A CN202210898591 A CN 202210898591A CN 115382797 B CN115382797 B CN 115382797B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 101000827703 Homo sapiens Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100023591 Polyphosphoinositide phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101100233916 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) KAR5 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101001121408 Homo sapiens L-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026388 L-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101100012902 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) FIG2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明属于筛选工具技术领域，特别涉及一种利用光学原理的沉头铆钉筛选工具及使用方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of screening tools, and in particular relates to a countersunk rivet screening tool utilizing optical principles and a use method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
在精密电子装备领域中，对装配精度要求越来越高，比如在某天线产品中要求沉头铆钉铆接后不得凸出对外安装平面，否则会发生干涉；且不得低于安装平面超过0.5mm，否则影响装配一致性，导致各铆接点连接力存在差异，高振动量级时可能产生局部损伤。铆钉的批量加工方式一般为冷墩加工工艺，通过冲头施加冲击力，使金属线材在模具内发生塑性变形达到预期的形状和尺寸，缺点是铆钉头部尺寸难以控制。铆钉也可通过高速车工艺制作，利用特殊车刀加工为预期尺寸，精度很高，但成本高昂。In the field of precision electronic equipment, the requirements for assembly accuracy are getting higher and higher. For example, in a certain antenna product, it is required that the countersunk rivet should not protrude from the external mounting plane after riveting, otherwise interference will occur; and it should not be lower than the mounting plane by more than 0.5mm, otherwise it will affect the assembly consistency, resulting in differences in the connection force of each riveting point, and local damage may occur at high vibration levels. The batch processing method of rivets is generally the cold heading process, which applies impact force through the punch to make the metal wire plastically deform in the mold to achieve the desired shape and size. The disadvantage is that the size of the rivet head is difficult to control. Rivets can also be made through high-speed turning technology, using special turning tools to process to the expected size, with high precision, but high cost.
中国实用新型专利CN201720937368.X《铆钉筛选机》通过控制调节辊和固定辊间的距离，使满足要求的铆钉从两辊的间隙掉落，达到筛选目的。该方法不够精确，一是两辊距离难以精确控制；二是铆钉在两辊间的姿态不易控制，稍微发生偏转，筛选出的铆钉头部尺寸就会偏大。Chinese utility model patent CN201720937368.X "Rivet Screening Machine" controls the distance between the adjusting roller and the fixed roller so that the rivets that meet the requirements fall from the gap between the two rollers to achieve the screening purpose. This method is not accurate enough. First, the distance between the two rollers is difficult to control accurately; second, the posture of the rivet between the two rollers is not easy to control. If there is a slight deflection, the size of the screened rivet head will be too large.
中国实用新型专利CN201720934932.2《一种铆钉筛选机》、CN201320254533.3《铆钉筛选机》与上述专利类似，依靠设定掉落铆钉掉落空隙或圆孔的尺寸，达到筛选目的，亦存在上述两处缺点。Chinese utility model patents CN201720934932.2 "A rivet screening machine" and CN201320254533.3 "Rivet screening machine" are similar to the above patents. They rely on setting the size of the gap or circular hole where the fallen rivets fall to achieve the screening purpose, and also have the above two shortcomings.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决现有技术存在的上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种利用光学原理放大尺寸差异以筛选出满足要求沉头铆钉的筛选工具及使用方法。In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a screening tool and a method for using the tool to magnify the size difference by using optical principles to screen out countersunk rivets that meet the requirements.
本发明所采用的技术方案为：The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
一种利用光学原理的沉头铆钉筛选工具，包括底座，底座上设置有用于放置沉头铆钉的埋头孔，底座的埋头孔靠近侧壁处开有观察槽，底座旁设置有高倍光学放大镜，高倍光学放大镜对准观察槽；底座整体设置底色，埋头孔内设置有标识环，标识环的颜色、底座的底色和沉头铆钉的颜色均布相同，标识环上边缘与底座上表面的距离为沉头铆钉低于底座上表面的极限距离。A countersunk rivet screening tool using optical principles comprises a base, a countersunk hole for placing the countersunk rivet is arranged on the base, an observation slot is opened near the side wall of the countersunk hole of the base, a high-power optical magnifier is arranged next to the base, and the high-power optical magnifier is aimed at the observation slot; the base is set with a base color as a whole, and an identification ring is arranged in the countersunk hole, the color of the identification ring, the base color and the color of the countersunk rivet are all the same, and the distance between the upper edge of the identification ring and the upper surface of the base is the limit distance of the countersunk rivet below the upper surface of the base.
本发明的标识环的上边缘与底座上表面的距离为铆钉低于底座上表面的极限距离，则沉头铆钉低于标识环的上边缘时沉头铆钉的尺寸过短，沉头铆钉高出标识环且低于底座的上表面时沉头铆钉的尺寸符合要求，沉头铆钉高出底座的上表面时沉头铆钉的尺寸过长。本发明通过将标识环的颜色、底座的底色和沉头铆钉的颜色设置为均不相同，则可通过高倍光学放大镜从观察槽观察铆钉的位置情况，放大尺寸差异，便于筛选出满足要求的铆钉。本发明通过标识环的上边缘标识沉头铆钉低于底座上表面的极限距离，则可准确观察沉头铆钉的位置是否符合要求，进而可准确筛选符合要求的沉头铆钉。The distance between the upper edge of the identification ring of the present invention and the upper surface of the base is the limit distance of the rivet below the upper surface of the base. When the countersunk rivet is below the upper edge of the identification ring, the size of the countersunk rivet is too short. When the countersunk rivet is higher than the identification ring and lower than the upper surface of the base, the size of the countersunk rivet meets the requirements. When the countersunk rivet is higher than the upper surface of the base, the size of the countersunk rivet is too long. By setting the color of the identification ring, the base color and the color of the countersunk rivet to be different, the position of the rivet can be observed from the observation slot through a high-power optical magnifying glass, the size difference can be magnified, and the rivets that meet the requirements can be easily screened out. By marking the limit distance of the countersunk rivet below the upper surface of the base through the upper edge of the identification ring, the present invention can accurately observe whether the position of the countersunk rivet meets the requirements, and then accurately screen the countersunk rivets that meet the requirements.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述底座整体经电镀进行表面处理，形成底色。As a preferred solution of the present invention, the entire base is surface treated by electroplating to form a base color.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述底座进行表面处理为钝化、镀镍或阳极氧化中的一种或多种。底座整体经电镀进行表面处理，包括但不限于钝化、镀镍、阳极氧化等。以铝合金材质为例，钝化后呈淡黄色，镀镍后为银白色，阳极氧化后为黑色等。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base is subjected to surface treatment of one or more of passivation, nickel plating or anodization. The base is subjected to surface treatment by electroplating, including but not limited to passivation, nickel plating, anodization, etc. Taking aluminum alloy as an example, it is light yellow after passivation, silvery white after nickel plating, black after anodization, etc.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述埋头孔内的标识环经激光打标形成。利用激光打标技术在埋头孔内标识出环状区域，激光打标后的颜色为灰黑色，形成标识环。As a preferred solution of the present invention, the identification ring in the countersunk hole is formed by laser marking. The laser marking technology is used to mark a ring-shaped area in the countersunk hole, and the color after laser marking is gray-black, forming the identification ring.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述底座上连接有支架，高倍光学放大镜安装于支架上。支架整体呈“几”字形，两处支撑脚通过螺钉固定于底座上，从而可使高倍光学放大镜得到稳定支撑。As a preferred solution of the present invention, a bracket is connected to the base, and the high-power optical magnifier is installed on the bracket. The bracket is in the shape of a "J" as a whole, and two supporting feet are fixed to the base by screws, so that the high-power optical magnifier can be stably supported.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述支架螺纹连接有调节环，高倍光学放大镜连接于调节环内。通过转动调节环，可调节高倍光学放大镜的水平位置，便于对焦。As a preferred solution of the present invention, the bracket is threadedly connected with an adjustment ring, and the high-power optical magnifier is connected inside the adjustment ring. By rotating the adjustment ring, the horizontal position of the high-power optical magnifier can be adjusted to facilitate focusing.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述支架分别在底座的上表面和侧面与底座通过螺钉连接。As a preferred solution of the present invention, the bracket is connected to the base via screws on the upper surface and side surfaces of the base respectively.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述支架与底座的上表面的连接处设置有垫片。通过调节底座上表面的垫片数量，可调节高倍光学放大镜在垂直方向的位置。As a preferred solution of the present invention, a gasket is provided at the connection between the bracket and the upper surface of the base. By adjusting the number of gaskets on the upper surface of the base, the vertical position of the high-power optical magnifier can be adjusted.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述支架与底座的侧面的连接处设置有垫片。通过调节底座侧面的垫片数量，可实现高倍光学放大镜在一定角度内偏转，使其正对底座的观察槽，且高倍光学放大镜的轴线与待筛选沉头铆钉的轴线垂直。As a preferred solution of the present invention, a gasket is provided at the connection between the bracket and the side of the base. By adjusting the number of gaskets on the side of the base, the high-power optical magnifier can be deflected within a certain angle so that it faces the observation slot of the base, and the axis of the high-power optical magnifier is perpendicular to the axis of the countersunk rivet to be screened.
一种利用光学原理的沉头铆钉筛选工具的使用方法，包括以下步骤：A method for using a countersunk rivet screening tool using an optical principle comprises the following steps:
将待筛选的沉头铆钉放入底座的埋头孔内；将高倍光学放大镜调节到正对底座的观察槽，转动调节环以调节高倍光学放大镜的水平位置；经高倍光学放大镜通过底座的观察槽进行观察，根据观察到的颜色，判断铆钉尺寸是否满足使用要求；Place the countersunk rivets to be screened into the countersunk holes of the base; adjust the high-power optical magnifier to face the observation slot of the base, and turn the adjustment ring to adjust the horizontal position of the high-power optical magnifier; observe through the observation slot of the base through the high-power optical magnifier, and judge whether the rivet size meets the use requirements based on the observed color;
若仅看到沉头铆钉的颜色，则待筛选沉头铆钉高出观察槽，铆钉尺寸过高；若仅能看到沉头铆钉上方的底座底色区域，则筛选铆钉未高出观察槽，铆钉尺寸符合要求；若能看到沉头铆钉上方的底座底色区域及标识环区域，则铆钉尺寸过低。If only the color of the countersunk rivet is seen, the countersunk rivet to be screened is higher than the observation slot and the rivet size is too high; if only the base background color area above the countersunk rivet can be seen, the screened rivet is not higher than the observation slot and the rivet size meets the requirements; if the base background color area and the identification ring area above the countersunk rivet can be seen, the rivet size is too low.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明通过将标识环的颜色、底座的底色和沉头铆钉的颜色设置为均不相同，则可通过高倍光学放大镜从观察槽观察铆钉的位置情况，放大尺寸差异，便于筛选出满足要求的铆钉。本发明通过标识环的上边缘标识沉头铆钉低于底座上表面的极限距离，则可准确观察沉头铆钉的位置是否符合要求，进而可准确筛选符合要求的沉头铆钉。The present invention sets the color of the identification ring, the base color and the color of the countersunk rivet to be different, so that the position of the rivet can be observed from the observation slot through a high-power optical magnifier, and the size difference can be magnified, so that the rivet that meets the requirements can be easily screened out. The present invention uses the upper edge of the identification ring to mark the limit distance of the countersunk rivet below the upper surface of the base, so that it can accurately observe whether the position of the countersunk rivet meets the requirements, and then accurately screen the countersunk rivet that meets the requirements.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明放入待筛选沉头铆钉时的结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when a countersunk rivet to be screened is placed;
图2是沉头铆钉的结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a countersunk rivet;
图3是将支架剖切后本发明的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the stent is cut;
图4是底座的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a base;
图5是高倍光学放大镜的结构示意图；FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-power optical magnifier;
图6是调节环的结构示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment ring;
图7是支架的结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a bracket.
图中：1-底座；2-高倍光学放大镜；3-支架；4-调节环；5-垫片；6-沉头铆钉；11-埋头孔；12-观察槽；13-标识环。In the figure: 1-base; 2-high-power optical magnifier; 3-bracket; 4-adjustment ring; 5-gasket; 6-countersunk rivet; 11-countersunk hole; 12-observation slot; 13-marking ring.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
如图1～5所示，本实施例的利用光学原理的沉头铆钉筛选工具，包括底座1，底座1上设置有用于放置沉头铆钉6的埋头孔11，底座1的埋头孔11靠近侧壁处开有观察槽12，底座1旁设置有高倍光学放大镜2，高倍光学放大镜2对准观察槽12；底座1整体设置底色，埋头孔11内设置有标识环13，标识环13的颜色、底座1的底色和沉头铆钉6的颜色均布相同，标识环13上边缘与底座1上表面的距离为沉头铆钉6低于底座1上表面的极限距离。As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the countersunk rivet screening tool using optical principles in this embodiment includes a base 1, a countersunk hole 11 for placing the countersunk rivet 6 is provided on the base 1, an observation groove 12 is opened near the side wall of the countersunk hole 11 of the base 1, a high-power optical magnifier 2 is provided next to the base 1, and the high-power optical magnifier 2 is aligned with the observation groove 12; the base 1 is set with a base color as a whole, and an identification ring 13 is provided in the countersunk hole 11, the color of the identification ring 13, the base color of the base 1 and the color of the countersunk rivet 6 are all the same, and the distance between the upper edge of the identification ring 13 and the upper surface of the base 1 is the limit distance of the countersunk rivet 6 below the upper surface of the base 1.
本发明的标识环13的上边缘与底座1上表面的距离为铆钉低于底座1上表面的极限距离，则沉头铆钉6低于标识环13的上边缘时沉头铆钉6的尺寸过短，沉头铆钉6高出标识环13且低于底座1的上表面时沉头铆钉6的尺寸符合要求，沉头铆钉6高出底座1的上表面时沉头铆钉6的尺寸过长。本发明通过将标识环13的颜色、底座1的底色和沉头铆钉6的颜色设置为均不相同，则可通过高倍光学放大镜2从观察槽12观察铆钉的位置情况，放大尺寸差异，便于筛选出满足要求的铆钉。本发明通过标识环13的上边缘标识沉头铆钉6低于底座1上表面的极限距离，则可准确观察沉头铆钉6的位置是否符合要求，进而可准确筛选符合要求的沉头铆钉6。The distance between the upper edge of the identification ring 13 of the present invention and the upper surface of the base 1 is the limit distance of the rivet below the upper surface of the base 1. When the countersunk rivet 6 is below the upper edge of the identification ring 13, the size of the countersunk rivet 6 is too short. When the countersunk rivet 6 is higher than the identification ring 13 and lower than the upper surface of the base 1, the size of the countersunk rivet 6 meets the requirements. When the countersunk rivet 6 is higher than the upper surface of the base 1, the size of the countersunk rivet 6 is too long. By setting the color of the identification ring 13, the base color of the base 1, and the color of the countersunk rivet 6 to be different, the position of the rivet can be observed from the observation slot 12 through a high-power optical magnifier 2, the size difference can be magnified, and the rivets that meet the requirements can be easily screened out. By marking the limit distance of the countersunk rivet 6 below the upper surface of the base 1 through the upper edge of the identification ring 13, the present invention can accurately observe whether the position of the countersunk rivet 6 meets the requirements, and then accurately screen the countersunk rivets 6 that meet the requirements.
需要注意的是，沉头铆钉6放入埋头孔11后，底座1的上表面可模拟沉头铆钉6的安装平面，沉头铆钉6低于底座1上表面的距离即为沉头铆钉6低于安装平面的距离。It should be noted that after the countersunk rivet 6 is placed in the countersunk hole 11, the upper surface of the base 1 can simulate the installation plane of the countersunk rivet 6, and the distance between the countersunk rivet 6 and the upper surface of the base 1 is the distance between the countersunk rivet 6 and the installation plane.
本发明中所述的铆钉尺寸为沉头铆钉6的钉头长度。因为，将沉头铆钉6放入埋头孔11后，沉头铆钉6顶面与底座1上表面之间的间距由铆钉钉头长度决定。The rivet size described in the present invention is the head length of the countersunk rivet 6. Because, after the countersunk rivet 6 is placed in the countersunk hole 11, the distance between the top surface of the countersunk rivet 6 and the upper surface of the base 1 is determined by the length of the rivet head.
如图4所示，所述底座1为金属材质，整体为方形。埋头孔11加工于靠近边缘处，与产品的铆接孔尺寸一致，用于放置沉头铆钉6，采用数铣、电火花等精密方式加工，尺寸精度极高。底座1的埋头孔11靠近侧壁处开有观察槽12。底座1整体经电镀进行表面处理，包括但不限于钝化、镀镍、阳极氧化等。以铝合金材质为例，钝化后呈淡黄色，镀镍后为银白色，阳极氧化后为黑色等。利用激光打标技术在埋头孔11内标识出环状区域，激光打标后的颜色为灰黑色，形成标识环13。环状区域上边缘距离底座1上平面0.5mm(沉头铆钉6低于底座1上表面的极限距离)，下边缘没有严格的尺寸要求，能与上边缘形成明显的环形区域即可。待筛选沉头铆钉6通常为铝合金材质，呈银白色光泽。As shown in FIG4 , the base 1 is made of metal and is square in shape as a whole. The countersunk hole 11 is processed near the edge and is consistent with the size of the riveting hole of the product. It is used to place the countersunk rivet 6. It is processed by precision methods such as numerical milling and electric spark, and the dimensional accuracy is extremely high. An observation groove 12 is opened near the side wall of the countersunk hole 11 of the base 1. The base 1 is surface treated by electroplating as a whole, including but not limited to passivation, nickel plating, anodizing, etc. Taking aluminum alloy as an example, it is light yellow after passivation, silvery white after nickel plating, and black after anodizing. The annular area is marked in the countersunk hole 11 by laser marking technology, and the color after laser marking is gray-black, forming an identification ring 13. The upper edge of the annular area is 0.5mm away from the upper plane of the base 1 (the limit distance of the countersunk rivet 6 below the upper surface of the base 1), and there is no strict size requirement for the lower edge, and it can form a clear annular area with the upper edge. The countersunk rivet 6 to be screened is usually made of aluminum alloy and has a silvery white luster.
如图5所示，所述高倍光学放大镜2整体呈圆柱形，观察放大倍率为40倍或更高。As shown in FIG. 5 , the high-power optical magnifier 2 is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and the observation magnification is 40 times or higher.
如图6所示，所述调节环4内侧为圆形通孔，尺寸与所述高倍光学放大镜2一致，通过胶粘方式(比如环氧胶)与高倍光学放大镜2形成一体。调节环4外侧为矩形螺纹。As shown in Fig. 6, the inner side of the adjusting ring 4 is a circular through hole, the size of which is consistent with the high-power optical magnifier 2, and is integrated with the high-power optical magnifier 2 by gluing (such as epoxy glue). The outer side of the adjusting ring 4 is a rectangular thread.
如图7所示，支架3整体呈“几”字形，两处支撑脚开有四处圆孔，可通过螺钉固定于底座1的螺纹孔。支架3开有通孔，孔内为矩形螺纹，与调节环4匹配。通过转动调节环4，可调节高倍光学放大镜2的水平位置，便于对焦。As shown in FIG. 7 , the bracket 3 is in the shape of a Chinese character “几” as a whole, and four round holes are opened at the two supporting feet, which can be fixed to the threaded holes of the base 1 by screws. The bracket 3 has a through hole, and the inside of the hole is a rectangular thread, which matches the adjustment ring 4. By rotating the adjustment ring 4, the horizontal position of the high-power optical magnifier 2 can be adjusted to facilitate focusing.
所述支架3分别在底座1的上表面和侧面与底座1通过螺钉连接。支架3与底座1的上表面的连接处设置有垫片5，且支架3与底座1的侧面的连接处也设置有垫片5。垫片5为环形，厚度极薄，比如0.05mm，放置在支架3与底座1之间，安装螺钉从垫片5穿过。通过调节底座1上表面的垫片5的数量，可调节高倍光学放大镜2在垂直方向的位置；通过调节底座1侧面的垫片5数量，可实现高倍光学放大镜2在一定角度内偏转，使其正对底座1的观察槽12，且高倍光学放大镜2的轴线与待筛选沉头铆钉6的轴线垂直。通过转动调节环4，可调节高倍光学放大镜2的水平位置，便于对焦。The bracket 3 is connected to the base 1 by screws on the upper surface and the side of the base 1 respectively. A gasket 5 is provided at the connection between the bracket 3 and the upper surface of the base 1, and a gasket 5 is also provided at the connection between the bracket 3 and the side of the base 1. The gasket 5 is annular and extremely thin, such as 0.05 mm, and is placed between the bracket 3 and the base 1, and the mounting screw passes through the gasket 5. By adjusting the number of gaskets 5 on the upper surface of the base 1, the position of the high-power optical magnifier 2 in the vertical direction can be adjusted; by adjusting the number of gaskets 5 on the side of the base 1, the high-power optical magnifier 2 can be deflected within a certain angle so that it is directly opposite to the observation slot 12 of the base 1, and the axis of the high-power optical magnifier 2 is perpendicular to the axis of the countersunk rivet 6 to be screened. By turning the adjustment ring 4, the horizontal position of the high-power optical magnifier 2 can be adjusted for easy focusing.
本实施例的利用光学原理的沉头铆钉筛选工具的使用方法，包括以下步骤：The method for using the countersunk rivet screening tool using optical principles in this embodiment includes the following steps:
将待筛选的沉头铆钉6放入底座1的埋头孔11内。如图3所示，通过调整底座1上表面的垫片5数量，可调节高倍光学放大镜2在垂直方向的位置；通过调节底座1侧面的垫片5数量，可实现高倍光学放大镜2在一定角度内偏转，使其正对底座1的观察槽12，且高倍光学放大镜2的轴线与待筛选沉头铆钉6的轴线垂直。通过转动调节环4，可调节高倍光学放大镜2的水平位置，便于对焦。Place the countersunk rivet 6 to be screened into the countersunk hole 11 of the base 1. As shown in FIG3, by adjusting the number of gaskets 5 on the upper surface of the base 1, the vertical position of the high-power optical magnifier 2 can be adjusted; by adjusting the number of gaskets 5 on the side of the base 1, the high-power optical magnifier 2 can be deflected within a certain angle so that it faces the observation slot 12 of the base 1, and the axis of the high-power optical magnifier 2 is perpendicular to the axis of the countersunk rivet 6 to be screened. By turning the adjustment ring 4, the horizontal position of the high-power optical magnifier 2 can be adjusted for easy focusing.
所述底座1为金属材质，整体经电镀进行表面处理，以铝合金钝化为例，钝化后呈淡黄色。利用激光打标技术在埋头孔11内标识出的环状区域呈灰黑色，环状区域上边缘距离底座1上平面0.5mm(铆钉低于安装平面的极限距离)，下边缘没有严格的尺寸要求，能与上边缘形成明显的环形区域即可。待筛选铆钉通常为铝合金材质，呈银白色光泽。所述底座1颜色、激光标识环13状区域颜色、待筛选沉头铆钉6颜色均不相同且便于区分。The base 1 is made of metal and is surface treated by electroplating. For example, aluminum alloy passivation is light yellow after passivation. The annular area marked in the countersunk hole 11 by laser marking technology is gray-black. The upper edge of the annular area is 0.5mm away from the upper plane of the base 1 (the limit distance of the rivet below the installation plane). There is no strict size requirement for the lower edge, as long as it can form a clear annular area with the upper edge. The rivets to be screened are usually made of aluminum alloy and have a silvery white luster. The color of the base 1, the color of the laser marking ring 13-shaped area, and the color of the countersunk rivet 6 to be screened are all different and easy to distinguish.
经高倍光学放大镜2(放大倍率在40倍及以上)通过底座1的观察槽12进行观察。根据观察到的颜色，可判断铆钉尺寸是否满足使用要求，具体如下：Observe through the observation slot 12 of the base 1 through a high-power optical magnifier 2 (magnification of 40 times or more). According to the observed color, it can be judged whether the rivet size meets the use requirements, as follows:
1)待筛选沉头铆钉6高出观察槽12，则沉头铆钉6尺寸不满足使用要求(过高)；1) The countersunk rivet 6 to be screened is higher than the observation slot 12, and the size of the countersunk rivet 6 does not meet the use requirements (too high);
2)待筛选沉头铆钉6未高出观察槽12，仅能看到沉头铆钉6上方的淡黄色区域，则沉头铆钉6尺寸符合要求；2) The countersunk rivet 6 to be screened is not higher than the observation slot 12, and only the light yellow area above the countersunk rivet 6 can be seen, then the size of the countersunk rivet 6 meets the requirements;
3)待筛选沉头铆钉6未高出观察槽12，能看到沉头铆钉6上方的淡黄色区域及灰黑色区域，则沉头铆钉6尺寸不符合要求(过低)。3) The countersunk rivet 6 to be screened is not higher than the observation slot 12, and the light yellow area and the gray-black area above the countersunk rivet 6 can be seen, then the size of the countersunk rivet 6 does not meet the requirements (too low).
因此，可根据观察到的情况，判定铆钉尺寸是否满足使用要求。Therefore, based on the observed situation, it can be determined whether the rivet size meets the use requirements.
表1是沉头铆钉6是否满足使用要求的判定依据。Table 1 is the basis for determining whether the countersunk rivet 6 meets the use requirements.
筛选完成后，取出沉头铆钉6时，推荐采用具有黏性的橡皮泥，或非转移胶的胶带，将沉头铆钉6粘出。After the screening is completed, when taking out the countersunk rivet 6, it is recommended to use sticky plasticine or non-transfer adhesive tape to stick the countersunk rivet 6 out.
本发明不局限于上述可选实施方式，任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品，但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化，凡是落入本发明权利要求界定范围内的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optional implementation modes. Anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, no matter what changes are made in the shape or structure, all technical solutions that fall within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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