CN115378501A - Vehicle-mounted data transmission device and vehicle-mounted data transmission system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted transmission, in particular to a vehicle-mounted data transmission device and a vehicle-mounted data transmission system. The data transmission device includes a base, a main control board, a light emitting module and a light receiving module, the main control board, the light emitting module and the light receiving module are all arranged on the base, and the main control board is connected with The optical transmitting module, the optical receiving module are connected to the vehicle-mounted data center. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes free-space optical transmission in an atmospheric environment, realizes fast data transmission and exchange between a vehicle and a data exchange site on the ground, and greatly improves efficiency.

Description

Vehicle-mounted data transmission device and vehicle-mounted data transmission system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of vehicle-mounted transmission, in particular to a vehicle-mounted data transmission device and a vehicle-mounted data transmission system.

Background technique

With the continuous development of artificial intelligence and autonomous driving technology, unmanned driving will gradually enter people's lives, and a large amount of data generated needs to be uploaded and downloaded between ground data centers and vehicles, drones and other equipment. Point cloud data, vehicle condition information, etc. collected during the process. The traditional way is to use optical discs or removable hard disks to exchange data with the data center through manual connection. A large amount of data will take tens of minutes or even hours to upload and download data. This requires a free space high-speed transmission optical module to solve the problem. the problem.

Using optical discs or removable hard disks to exchange data manually is not only time-consuming, laborious and inefficient, but also seriously hinders the development of autonomous driving. Any site on the ground needs to be manned and its data exchange efficiency is extremely time-consuming. With the increasing number of self-driving vehicles, it is necessary to pay more costs to build more data exchange sites, which is unacceptable.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted data transmission device and a vehicle-mounted data transmission system to solve the problem of slow and inconvenient vehicle-mounted data transmission for the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: provide a vehicle-mounted data transmission device to realize free-space data transmission between the vehicle and an external data exchange site, the data transmission device includes a base, a main control board, a light emitting Module and light receiving module, the main control board, light emitting module and light receiving module are all arranged on the base, and the main control board is connected with the light emitting module, light receiving module and vehicle-mounted data center respectively ;in,

The light emitting module includes a laser chip and a first collimating lens, the light receiving module includes a photodetector and a second collimating lens, the main optical axis of the first collimating lens and the second collimating lens The principal optical axis of is set parallel to;

The main control board acquires the data information of the data center and sends it to the laser chip in the form of an electrical signal, and converts it into an optical signal through the laser chip. The optical signal passes through the first collimating lens and is collimated and emitted outward. The external optical signal is collimated to the photodetector through the second collimating lens, and converted into an electrical signal and sent to the main control board.

Among them, the preferred solution is: the base includes a base, and the base includes a motherboard placement position, a first installation position with a first through hole and a second installation position with a second through hole, and the first through hole It is arranged parallel to the central axis of the second through hole, the main control board is arranged in the main board placement position, the light emitting module is arranged in the first installation position and the first collimating lens is aligned with the first through hole, The light receiving module is arranged on the second installation position and the second collimating lens is aligned with the second through hole.

Among them, a preferred solution is: a heat conduction gasket is arranged between the main control board and the main board.

Wherein, the preferred solution is: the main control board is provided with a laser chip driver, a main control chip and an AD analog-to-digital conversion chip, the main control chip is used as the control center of the main control board, and the laser chip driver is connected with the laser chip respectively. The chip is connected to the main control chip to provide driving electrical signals for the laser chip, and the AD analog-to-digital conversion chip is respectively connected to the photodetector and the main control board to convert the electrical signal converted by the photodetector into a digital signal and transmit it to the Main control board; wherein, at least one of the laser chip driver, the main control chip and the AD analog-to-digital conversion chip is attached to or placed close to the thermal pad.

Among them, the preferred solution is: the base also includes an upper cover, and the upper cover is fixedly connected to the base to form a placement space for accommodating the main board, the light emitting module and the light receiving module, the first through hole and The second through hole is provided on one side of the base, and the opposite side of the base is provided with an opening extending to the bottom for installing the optical fiber connector.

Among them, the preferred solution is: both the light emitting module and the light receiving module are soldered to the golden fingers at the corresponding positions of the main control board through the bent and formed flexible board.

Among them, a preferred solution is: the base is an SFP packaging case.

Wherein, the preferred solution is: the laser chip of the light emitting module emits a 1550um optical signal, and the light receiving module is also provided with an optical amplifier connected to the photodetector to amplify the electrical signal generated by the photodetector.

Among them, the preferred solution is: the first collimating lens and the second collimating lens are filter lenses that can filter out non-signal light, and the non-signal light is in the range of 1530-1570nm.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: provide a vehicle-mounted data transmission system, the vehicle-mounted data transmission system includes a data center, a data exchange site, and a data transmission device arranged in the vehicle, and the data transmission device is set On the vehicle, it is connected to the data center and transmits data to the data exchange site through the optical transmitting module and the optical receiving module.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes the free space optical transmission in the atmospheric environment, realizes the fast data transmission exchange between the vehicle and the data exchange site on the ground, and greatly improves the efficiency.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of vehicle-mounted data transmission system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the data transmission device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a first-direction structural schematic diagram of the packaging structure of the data transmission device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second direction structure of the packaging structure of the data transmission device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a data transmission device 200 in a vehicle 100 .

A data transmission device 200 of a vehicle 100, which realizes free space data transmission between the vehicle 100 and an external data exchange site 300, the data transmission device 200 includes a base 210, a main control board 220, an optical transmitting module 230 and an optical receiving module 240, the main control board 220, the light emitting module 230 and the light receiving module 240 are all arranged on the base 210, and the main control board 220 is connected with the light emitting module 230, the light receiving module 240 and the vehicle 100 respectively. Data center connection; wherein, the light emitting module 230 includes a laser chip 231 and a first collimating lens 232, the light receiving module 240 includes a photodetector 241 and a second collimating lens 242, and the first collimating lens The main optical axis of the straight lens 232 and the main optical axis of the second collimating lens 242 are arranged parallel; Converted into an optical signal, the optical signal passes through the first collimating lens 232 and is collimated and emitted outward, and the external optical signal is collimated to the photodetector 241 through the second collimating lens 242, and is converted into an electrical signal and sent to the main Control panel 220.

Specifically, the base 210 is fixed at the corresponding position of the vehicle 100, can extend outward through the vehicle 100, and can also be provided with a protective cover for its protection. The protective cover can be opened as a non-transparent cover, or can not Open transparent cover. The base 210 is provided with important parts of the data transmission device 200, such as the control brain main control board 220 of the data transmission device 200, which undertakes all the control and processing functions of the data transmission device 200, for example, through the communication module and the external data exchange site 300 To communicate, or after receiving the transmission instruction, convert the data of the vehicle 100 into an electrical signal and control the light emitting module 230 to send out, so that the external data exchange site 300 can receive it, and at the same time, the data received by the light receiving module 240 The electrical signal is converted into data in the corresponding format, and the data or instructions are stored. At the same time, it also realizes the monitoring of temperature, Vcc voltage, Bias current, power monitoring compensation, alarm, etc., and judges the working status of the module.

Of course, the core of the present invention is to protect the overall physical structure and circuit connection relationship of the data transmission device 200, especially when it is installed on the vehicle 100 to perform data interaction with the external data exchange site 300, and the control processing function of the main control board 220 is a conventional technology Or it belongs to the known technology in the optical transmission module, and the main control board 220 is described for the purpose of defining other functional modules and the overall structure and for better description, and the involved software functions are not required to be protected in this application.

In particular, through the arrangement of the light emitting module 230 and the light receiving module 240, efficient and stable data transmission of the vehicle 100 is realized, especially suitable for electric vehicles with a very large amount of data. Among them, in order to make the light emitting module 230 emit a longer-distance optical signal and ensure the stability of the optical signal, so that the distance between the vehicle 100 and the external data exchange site 300 is far enough for data exchange, a first collimating lens is provided. 232 and the second collimating lens 242, through the first collimating lens 232, the emission distance of the laser chip 231 is improved, and the scattering situation is reduced, such as ensuring that the collimation degree is less than 1° in the range of two meters or even longer, so as to ensure The signal strength is measured by the signal-to-noise ratio; the second collimator lens 242 concentrates the light into the photodetector 241 to ensure a small bit error rate and accurate and complete data, and realize free-space optical information exchange in an atmospheric environment.

Further, the first collimating lens 232 and the second collimating lens 242 are filter glasses that can filter out non-signal light, and the non-signal light is in the range of 1530-1570nm to reduce the interference of external optical fibers.

In one present embodiment, the laser chip 231 of the light emitting module emits a 1550um optical signal, and the light receiving module is also provided with an optical amplifier connected to the photodetector 241 to amplify the electrical signal generated by the photodetector 241 . The use of 1550um optical signal, on the one hand, is stable, on the other hand, it will not harm the human eyes, especially when it is used on the vehicle 100, it needs to be transmitted to the outside. Penetrating the lens to cause damage to the optic nerve, ensuring the safety of the human eye. Through the amplification of the optical amplifier, the convenience of signal processing is improved, and the accuracy of the overall transmission is improved.

In one embodiment, a vehicle-mounted 100 data transmission system is provided, the vehicle-mounted 100 data transmission system includes a data center arranged in the vehicle-mounted 100, a data exchange site 300 and a data transmission device 200, and the data transmission device 200 is arranged in The vehicle 100 is connected to the data center, and transmits data with the data exchange site 300 through the light emitting module 230 and the light receiving module 240 . Due to the extremely fast data exchange, there is no need to increase the construction of ground data center exchange sites, thereby greatly saving construction expenses and generating greater economic benefits.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a base 210 .

The base 210 includes a base 211, and the base 211 includes a motherboard placement position, a first installation position 251 with a first through hole, and a second installation position 252 with a second through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole The central axes of the two through holes are arranged in parallel, the main control board 220 is arranged in the motherboard placement position, the light emitting module 230 is arranged on the first installation position 251 and the first collimating lens 232 is aligned with the first through hole The light receiving module 240 is arranged on the second installation position 252 and the second collimating lens 242 is aligned with the second through hole.

Specifically, the main board placement is preferably a plane, which is convenient for the stable installation of the main control board 220, and at the same time, the first installation position 251 and the second installation position 252 are provided with the outer contour matching with the corresponding light emitting module 230 or light receiving module 240. The shape of the groove can be fixed by fixing parts or by glue. Preferably, the first installation position 251 is a U-shaped channel, the housing of the light emitting module 230 has a cylindrical shape, the second installation position 252 is a spacer or a square channel, and the housing of the light receiving module 240 is square shape.

Wherein, the first mounting position 251 and the second mounting position 252 have an integrated design structure, and an upper cover 253 should be provided to realize the fixing of the light receiving module 240 and the light emitting module 230.

In one embodiment, a heat conduction pad is provided between the main control board 220 and the main board placement position. The thermal pad is used to fill the air gap between the main control board 220 and the base 210, and of course it can also be used as a bonding structure between the main control board 220 and the base 210, and the main control board 220 can also be directly fixedly connected to the housing , the flexible and elastic characteristics of the thermal pad can be used to cover very uneven surfaces, especially suitable for the shape of the main control board 220, and diffuse the heat of the main control board 220 from the base 210. Of course, the base 210 is preferably For heat dissipation materials, such as metals, which can improve the efficiency and service life of heat-generating electronic components.

In one embodiment, the main control board 220 is provided with a laser chip 231 driver, a main control chip and an AD conversion chip, the main control chip serves as the control center of the main control board 220, and the laser chip 231 driver Connect with laser chip 231 and main control chip respectively, in order to provide driving electric signal for laser chip 231, described AD analog-to-digital conversion chip is respectively connected with photodetector 241 and connects main control board 220, with the electric that photodetector 241 converts The signal is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the main control board 220; wherein, at least one of the laser chip 231 driver, the main control chip and the AD analog-to-digital conversion chip is attached to or placed close to the thermal pad to realize the control of the main control board. The main heat source on the 220 for rapid cooling.

Specifically, the laser chip 231 driver is a drive circuit for the laser chip 231, whether it is the main control chip, the laser chip 231 or the laser chip 231 driver is a conventional technology, but it is arranged in the data transmission device 200 to improve the performance of the data transmission device. 200 performance. The AD analog-to-digital conversion chip is to undertake the function of AD analog-to-digital conversion, reduce the processing of the main control chip, reduce the hardware requirements of the main control chip, and make the main control chip focus on the overall control of the data transmission device 200 .

In one embodiment, the base 210 further includes an upper cover 212, the upper cover 212 is fixedly connected with the base 211 and forms a placement space for accommodating the main board, the light emitting module 230 and the light receiving module 240, the The first through hole and the second through hole are disposed on one side of the base 211 , and an opening extending toward the bottom is disposed on the opposite side of the base 211 for installing an optical fiber connector. Preferably, the base 210 is an SFP package housing, and GBIC (abbreviation for Gigabit Interface Converter) is an interface device that converts gigabit electrical signals into optical signals. GBIC is designed to be hot-swappable. GBIC is an interchangeable product that complies with international standards. Gigabit switches designed with GBIC interface occupy a large market share in the market because of their flexible interchangeability. SFP (Small Form-factor Pluggable) can be simply understood as an upgraded version of GBIC. The SFP package shell is the package shell of SFP. The SFP package shell provides assembly space and mechanical interface.

In one embodiment, both the light emitting module 230 and the light receiving module 240 are welded to the gold fingers corresponding to the main control board 220 through the bent flexible board 260 . Pre-bend the flexible board connected to the collimated light emitting module 230 and light receiving module 240, and then weld it to the gold fingers of the main control board 220 to ensure accurate alignment of the gold fingers on both sides and ensure its impedance 50+/- 10% Ω, to ensure small loss and reflection of electrical signals.

The above are only the best embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention are covered by the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A vehicle-mounted data transmission device, which realizes free-space data transmission between the vehicle and an external data exchange site, is characterized in that: the data transmission device includes a base, a main control board, an optical emission module and an optical reception module, and the The main control board, the light emitting module and the light receiving module are all arranged on the base, and the main control board is respectively connected with the light emitting module, the light receiving module and the vehicle-mounted data center; wherein, The light emitting module includes a laser chip and a first collimating lens, the light receiving module includes a photodetector and a second collimating lens, the main optical axis of the first collimating lens and the second collimating lens The principal optical axis of is set parallel to; The main control board acquires the data information of the data center and sends it to the laser chip in the form of an electrical signal, and converts it into an optical signal through the laser chip. The optical signal passes through the first collimating lens and is collimated and emitted outward. The external optical signal is collimated to the photodetector through the second collimating lens, and converted into an electrical signal and sent to the main control board. 2. The vehicle-mounted data transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base includes a base, and the base includes a motherboard placement position, a first mounting position with a first through hole, and a second through hole The second installation position of the second through hole, the central axis of the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged in parallel, the main control board is arranged in the motherboard placement location, the light emitting module is arranged on the first installation location and the second A collimator lens is arranged in alignment with the first through hole, the light receiving module is arranged in the second installation position, and the second collimator lens is arranged in alignment with the second through hole. 3 . The vehicle-mounted data transmission device according to claim 2 , wherein a heat conduction gasket is arranged between the main control board and the main board. 4 . 4. The vehicle-mounted data transmission device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the main control board is provided with a laser chip driver, a main control chip and an AD conversion chip, and the main control chip is used as the main control board The control center of the laser chip, the laser chip driver is respectively connected with the laser chip and the main control chip to provide the driving electrical signal for the laser chip, and the AD analog-to-digital conversion chip is respectively connected with the photodetector and the main control board to connect the light detection The electrical signal converted by the converter is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the main control board; wherein at least one of the laser chip driver, the main control chip and the AD analog-to-digital conversion chip is attached to or placed close to the thermal pad. 5. The vehicle-mounted data transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the base also includes an upper cover, the upper cover is fixedly connected to the base and forms a place to accommodate the motherboard, the light emitting module and the light receiving module. The first through hole and the second through hole are arranged on one side of the base, and the opposite side of the base is provided with an opening extending to the bottom for installing optical fiber connectors. 6 . The vehicle-mounted data transmission device according to claim 2 , wherein the light transmitting module and the light receiving module are soldered to the gold fingers at the corresponding positions of the main control board through a bent and formed flexible board. 7 . 7. The vehicle-mounted data transmission device according to claim 2, wherein the base is an SFP packaging case. 8. The vehicle-mounted data transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser chip of the light emitting module emits a 1550um optical signal, and the light receiving module is also provided with an optical amplifier connected to the photodetector, To amplify the electrical signal generated by the photodetector. 9. The vehicle-mounted data transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first collimating lens and the second collimating lens are filter glasses that can filter out non-signal light, and the non-signal light is 1530 -1570nm range. 10. A vehicle-mounted data transmission system, characterized in that: the vehicle-mounted data transmission system includes a data center arranged in the vehicle, a data exchange site and the data transmission device according to any one of claims 1-10, the data The transmission device is arranged on the vehicle, and is connected to the data center, and transmits data with the data exchange site through the optical transmitting module and the optical receiving module.

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