CN115378152A - Armature winding, preparation method thereof and coreless cup motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an armature winding, a preparation method thereof and a hollow cup motor, belonging to the field of motors. Including armature core and three-phase winding. Wherein, the armature core is a ring structure; the three-phase winding includes three coil groups that are closely fitted along the circumference of the inner wall of the armature core, and the coil groups are distributed by a mirror image with respect to the axis of symmetry of the armature core. Composed of two single coils, the two single coils are connected in series, the cylindrical winding is shaped so that the middle winding of the three-phase winding closely fits the inner wall of the armature core, and the three-phase winding The windings at the upper and lower ends form a flat cylinder, and are closely attached to the upper and lower end surfaces of the armature iron core to form a flat cylinder. Both ends of the armature winding of the present invention are shaped outwardly towards the center of the circle, and the two ends are close to the upper and lower surfaces of the armature core, and the axial direction of the motor is in a vertical state, which minimizes the length of the ends and shortens the length of the motor under the same output power. length, the structure is more compact.

Description

A kind of armature winding, its preparation method and coreless motor

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of motors, in particular to an armature winding, a preparation method thereof and a coreless motor.

Background technique

Coreless motors have outstanding advantages such as no cogging, high power density, and low loss. Coreless motor windings can be divided into oblique windings, straight windings, diamond windings, etc. according to the winding form. Under the same parameters, the energy conversion rate of the straight winding armature will be higher.

As shown in Figure 1, the sections A1 and A2 are the ends, and the middle section B is the effective winding part, which is characterized by thicker ends and thinner middle. Then the cylindrical winding is reshaped by tooling as shown in Figure 2, which is characterized in that the end winding of section A1 is shaped inwardly to the center of the circle, the end winding of section A2 is shaped outward from the center of the circle, and the winding height of section A1 is higher than that of section A2. As shown in Figure 3, the reshaped winding can be installed into the stator core and further assembled into a complete motor.

Through research, the applicant found that the traditional direct winding of the coreless armature has the following disadvantages: 1. The armature coil of the straight winding is wound across the wire at 180 degrees, and the end winding is longer, which affects the overall length of the motor; 2. One end of the winding is facing the center of the circle The height of the end of the internal shaping is higher, which increases the length of the motor; 3. Since one end is shaped inwardly towards the center of the circle, the remaining aperture is small, so the rotor part must pass the shaft before installing the bearing when assembling, which is difficult to assemble; 4. If the coil is reshaped separately and then loaded into the stator core, it may lead to poor concentricity of the assembled winding, which will increase the harmonic content of the back EMF of the motor and affect the performance of the motor.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects, the present invention provides an armature winding, its preparation method and a coreless motor to solve the problems involved in the background technology.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides an armature winding, comprising:

The armature core is a ring structure;

Three-phase windings, including three coil groups that are closely fitted along the inner wall of the armature core, the coil groups are composed of two single coils that are mirror-imaged with respect to the axis of symmetry of the armature core, and the two single coils The coils are connected together in series, the cylindrical winding is shaped so that the middle winding of the three-phase winding closely fits the inner wall of the armature core, and the upper and lower end windings of the three-phase winding form a flat cylinder, And close to the upper and lower end faces of the armature iron core to form a flat cylinder.

Preferably or alternatively, the armature core is a collection of silicon steel sheets with uniform reluctance in each radial direction, and the inner diameter and end surfaces of the armature core are coated with insulating materials.

Preferably or optionally, the single coil is formed by winding several turns of self-adhesive enameled wire.

Preferably or optionally, the coil group occupies a 120-degree circular arc in the winding ring area inside the armature core;

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an armature winding, comprising:

Step 1. At least one strand of enameled wire is cyclically wound around a predetermined number of turns in a concentric circle manner to form a flat single coil; the winding span of the end windings on both sides of the single coil is less than 180 degrees;

Step 2. Continue to use the strand of enameled wire or another strand of enameled wire electrically connected to the strand of enameled wire to overlap the predetermined number of turns in a concentric circle to form another single coil; then mirror the symmetrical axis of the two single coil groups placed to form a coil group;

Step 3. Repeat steps 1 to 2 to obtain three coil groups; then closely fit the three coil groups in sequence to form a cylindrical structure, and set the coil groups on the end windings of the three coil groups on the same side Lead out to form a three-phase winding;

Step 4. Set the three-phase winding inside the armature core and fix it so that the middle winding of the three-phase winding closely adheres to the inner wall of the armature core;

Step 5. Reshape the two sides of the three-phase winding. The upper and lower end windings of the three-phase winding form a flat cylinder, and are closely attached to the upper and lower end surfaces of the armature core to form a flat cylinder.

Preferably or optionally, the coil group occupies a circular arc angle of 120 degrees in the winding circle area inside the armature core.

Preferably or optionally, one side of the coil group is uniformly distributed around a 60-degree circle around the center of the armature core.

Preferably or optionally, the winding span of the end winding of the single coil is 150 degrees.

In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a coreless motor, comprising:

Housing, a hollow cylindrical cavity composed of front end cover, rear end cover and side;

The armature winding has the above-mentioned armature winding structure, or is the armature winding obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method; it is fixedly installed in the cavity, and the central axis of the armature core is in line with the central axis of the housing coincide;

The rotor is a motor rotor with permanent magnets, located on the central axis of the armature core, and can freely rotate along the central axis of the housing.

Preferably or optionally, bearings are provided on the front end cover and the rear end cover, and the rotor passes through the bearings and is mounted on the housing.

Preferably or optionally, a ripple spring is arranged between the bearing on the rear end cover and the rear end cover.

The invention relates to an armature winding, a preparation method thereof and a coreless motor. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. Since the two ends of the armature winding are shaped outwardly towards the center of the circle, the two ends are close to the upper and lower surfaces of the armature core, and the axial direction of the motor is in a vertical state, which minimizes the length of the ends and shortens the motor under the same output power. length, the structure is more compact;

2. Since both ends of the armature winding are shaped outward toward the center of the circle, the through holes at both ends are consistent, the rotor is easy to install, and the motor assembly process is simple;

3. Because the motor winding enters the armature core first, and then undergoes inner diameter and end shaping, it can ensure the concentricity between the inner diameter of the coil and the iron core, reduce the harmonic content of the motor, and improve the efficiency and stability of the motor.

4. The outer circles of the two ends of the armature winding are wrapped with high-temperature insulating tape, which can not only make the winding installation smooth, but also protect the armature winding from being scratched by the sharp edge of the armature core, reducing the cost of the motor production process. probability of damage.

5. The winding span of each single coil of the three-phase coil group is 150 degrees, and the coil groups each occupy a 120-degree arc angle in the winding ring area, and are evenly distributed around the 60-degree circle around the center of the armature. In this way, not only can the same back EMF as that of the 180-degree cross-line be obtained, but also the length of the end winding is reduced, the overall length of the motor is shortened, and the internal resistance is reduced to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the armature.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the initial winding of a coreless motor.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a traditional coreless motor forming winding.

Figure 3 is an assembly drawing of the traditional coreless motor forming winding and armature core.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a complete armature in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a three-phase winding in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the coil group in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single coil in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of crossing wires of three coil groups in the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial winding containing high temperature insulating tape in the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the armature winding inserted into the iron core in the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the shaping process of the three-phase winding in the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the coreless motor of the present invention.

The reference signs are: armature core 100, three-phase winding 200, coil group 210, single coil 211, effective winding 211a, end winding 211b, flat cylinder 220, coil group outlet 230, front end cover 300, rear end cover 400, rotor 500, bearing 600, corrugated spring 700, high temperature insulating tape 800, shaping mold 900.

Detailed ways

In the following description, numerous specific details are given in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other examples, some technical features known in the art are not described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, sections A1 and A2 are the end windings 211b, and section B in the middle is the effective winding 211a, which is characterized by thicker ends and thinner middle. Then the cylindrical winding is reshaped by tooling as shown in Figure 2, which is characterized in that the end winding 211b of section A1 is shaped inwardly to the center of the circle, the end winding 211b of section A2 is shaped outward from the center of the circle, and the height of the winding of section A1 is higher than that of the winding of section A2 . As shown in Figure 3, the reshaped winding can be installed into the armature core 100, and further assembled into a complete motor.

Through research, the applicant found that the traditional coreless armature straight winding has the following disadvantages: 1. The armature coil of the straight winding is 180-degree cross-wire winding, and the end winding 211b is long, which affects the overall length of the motor; 2. One end of the winding is oriented to The height of the end of the inner shaping of the center of the circle is higher, which increases the length of the motor; 3. Since one end is shaped to the inner of the center of the circle, the remaining aperture is small, so that the rotor 500 must pass the shaft before installing the bearing 600 when assembling, which is difficult to assemble 4. Installing the coil into the armature iron core 100 after being reshaped separately may lead to poor concentricity of the assembled winding, which will increase the harmonic content of the back EMF of the motor and affect the performance of the motor.

Example 1

This embodiment proposes an armature winding. Referring to FIGS. 4 to 8 , the armature winding includes: an armature core 100 and a three-phase winding 200 . The armature core 100 is a ring structure; the armature core 100 is a collection of silicon steel sheets with uniform reluctance in each radial direction, and the inner diameter and end surface of the armature core 100 are coated with insulation Material.

The three-phase winding 200 includes three coil groups 210 closely fitted along the circumference of the inner wall of the armature core 100, and the three coil groups 210 form a cylindrical winding, and the cylindrical winding makes the three phases through a shaping process. The phase winding 200 is closely attached to the inner wall of the armature core 100; the coil group 210 is composed of two single coils 211 mirrored with respect to the axis of symmetry of the armature core 100; and the two single coils 211 are connected in series, and the single coil The winding span of 211 at both ends of the armature core 100 is less than 180 degrees.

Wherein, the straight winding in the middle of the single coil 211 corresponding to the armature core 100 is the effective winding 211a, and the curved part where the upper and lower ends of the single coil 211 are connected across wires is the end winding 211b. Through the shaping process of the cylindrical winding, the effective winding 211a of the three-phase winding 200 is closely attached to the inner wall of the armature core 100, and the upper and lower end windings 211b of the three-phase winding 200 form a flat cylinder 220 , and cling to the upper and lower end surfaces of the armature core 100 to form a flat cylinder 220 . Since both ends of the armature winding are shaped outwardly toward the center of the circle, and the through holes at both ends are consistent, the rotor 500 is easy to install and the motor assembly process is simple. Of course, a connection plug 230 is provided on one side of the end winding 211b, and the coil group outgoing wire 230 is connected to both ends of the coil group 210 and connected to an external power supply.

In a further embodiment, the single coil 211 is formed by winding several turns of self-adhesive enameled wire. Moreover, two single coils 211 in the same coil group 210 are connected in series. During the winding process, a single self-adhesive enameled wire is used to wind a certain number of turns to form a single coil 211, and then one end of the single coil 211 is reconnected. A new single coil 211 is wound to form a complete coil group 210 . Refer to attached drawing 8. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the wire crossing of the coil group. The unique wiring method shortens the length of the wire crossing at the end, utilizes the space to the greatest extent, reduces the internal resistance of the motor, and improves the thermal conductivity of the motor winding, thereby greatly The power density and overall performance of the motor are improved. Wherein, the two single coils 211 are wound independently to avoid interfering wires and do not interfere with each other in space.

In a further embodiment, the armature core 100 is connected to the armature winding through a high temperature insulating tape 800 . Specifically, high-temperature insulating tape 800 is wrapped around the outer circles of both ends of the armature winding, and the high-temperature insulating tape 800 is just located at the corner where the inner surface of the armature core 100 intersects with the upper and lower end surfaces, wherein , the high temperature insulating tape 800 is made of polyimide material. The smooth outer surface of the high-temperature tape made of polyimide material not only reduces the difficulty of assembly, but also avoids the risk of the winding being scratched by the sharp edge of the armature core 100 and reduces the risk of production damage.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solution of the armature winding, the manufacturing method of the armature winding is further described, and the manufacturing method includes the following steps:

Step 1. At least one strand of enameled wire is cyclically wound for a predetermined number of turns in a concentric circle manner to form a flat single coil 211; the winding span of the end windings 211b on both sides of the single coil 211 is less than 180 Spend;

Step 2. Continue to use the strand of enameled wire or another strand of enameled wire electrically connected to the strand of enameled wire to cyclically overlap a predetermined number of turns in a concentric circle to form another single coil 211; The mirror image of the axis of symmetry is placed to form a coil group 210;

Step 3. Repeat steps 1 to 2 to obtain three coil groups 210; then closely fit the three coil groups 210 in sequence to form a cylindrical structure, and wind 211b at the ends of the three coil groups 210 on the same side A coil group outlet 230 is arranged on the top to form a three-phase winding 200;

Step 4: Set the three-phase winding 200 inside the armature core 100 and fix it, so that the middle winding of the three-phase winding 200 is in close contact with the inner wall of the armature core 100;

Step 5: Reshape the inner diameter and ends of the three-phase winding 200 through the shaping mold 900, and the upper and lower end windings 211b of the three-phase winding 200 form a flat cylinder 220, which is closely attached to the upper and lower armature core 100 The end face forms a flat cylinder 220; the concentricity between the inner diameter of the coil and the armature core 100 is ensured, the harmonic content of the motor is reduced, and the efficiency and stability of the motor are improved. Wherein, the shaping mold 900 is utilized in the shaping process, and the shaping mold 900 includes a T-shaped sleeve at the bottom, an end cap arranged above the T-shaped sleeve, and a shape formed on the T-shaped sleeve and the end cap. The outer space is used to place the three-phase winding 200 .

In a further embodiment, by designing the winding method of the three-phase coil group 210, the winding span of each single coil 211 is 150 degrees, and the coil groups 210 each occupy an arc angle of 120 degrees in the winding ring area, around the center of the armature Evenly spaced around a 60 degree circle. In this way, not only the same back EMF as that of the 180-degree cross-line can be obtained, but also the length of the end winding 211b is reduced, the overall length of the motor is shortened, and the internal resistance is reduced to improve the energy conversion efficiency of the armature.

In a further embodiment, step 4 also includes: pre-winding high-temperature insulating tape 800 on the outer circles of the two ends of the three-phase winding 200, and then placing the three-phase winding 200 inside the armature core 100, so that the The high temperature insulating tape 800 is just located at the corner where the inner wall of the armature core 100 intersects with the upper and lower end surfaces. The high temperature insulating tape 800 is made of polyimide material. The smooth outer surface of the high-temperature tape made of polyimide material not only reduces the difficulty of assembly, but also avoids the risk of the winding being scratched by the sharp edge of the armature core 100 and reduces the risk of production damage.

Example 2,

Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment proposes a hollow cup motor. Referring to accompanying drawings 4 to 12, the hollow cup motor includes: a housing, an armature core 100, an armature winding and a motor rotor 500 with permanent magnets. .

The housing is a hollow cylindrical cavity composed of the front end cover 300, the rear end cover 400 and the side; the armature core 100 is fixedly installed in the hollow cavity, and the central axis of the armature core 100 is in line with the The central axis of the casing coincides; the armature core 100 is a hollow cylindrical structure; the armature winding is connected with the armature core 100; bent, and the two ends of the armature winding are close to the upper and lower surfaces of the armature core 100, and are perpendicular to the axial direction of the motor; the rotor 500 is located on the central axis of the armature core 100, and the front end Both the cover 300 and the rear end cover 400 are provided with bearings 600, and the rotor 500 passes through the bearings 600 and is installed on the housing. The central axis rotates freely. Since the two ends of the armature winding are shaped outwardly from the center of the circle, the two ends are close to the upper and lower surfaces of the armature core 100, and are perpendicular to the motor axis, so the length of the ends is minimized, and the motor is shortened under the same output power. The length and the structure are more compact; in addition, since both ends of the armature winding are shaped toward the center of the circle, the through holes at both ends are consistent, the rotor 500 is easy to install, and the motor assembly process is simple.

In a further embodiment, a ripple spring 700 is provided between the bearing 600 on the rear end cover 400 and the rear end cover 400 . Such structure is compact in size, wide in rigidity range, and has strong buffering and vibration-absorbing capabilities, ensuring the stability of the coreless motor.

In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific implementation manners may be combined in any suitable manner if there is no contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not further described in the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An armature winding, characterized in that, comprising: The armature core is a ring structure; Three-phase windings, including three coil groups that are closely fitted along the inner wall of the armature core, the coil groups are composed of two single coils that are mirror-imaged with respect to the axis of symmetry of the armature core, and the two single coils The coils are connected together in series, the cylindrical winding is shaped so that the middle winding of the three-phase winding closely fits the inner wall of the armature core, and the upper and lower end windings of the three-phase winding form a flat cylinder, And close to the upper and lower end faces of the armature iron core to form a flat cylinder. 2. The armature winding according to claim 1, wherein the armature core is an assembly of silicon steel sheets with uniform reluctance in each radial direction, and the inner diameter and end surface of the armature core are coated with Covered with insulating material. 3. The armature winding according to claim 1, wherein the single coil is formed by winding several turns of self-adhesive enameled wire. 4. A manufacturing method of the armature winding according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, comprising: Step 1. At least one strand of enameled wire is cyclically wound around a predetermined number of turns in a concentric circle manner to form a flat single coil; the winding span of the end windings on both sides of the single coil is less than 180 degrees; Step 2. Continue to use the strand of enameled wire or another strand of enameled wire electrically connected to the strand of enameled wire to overlap the predetermined number of turns in a concentric circle to form another single coil; then mirror the symmetrical axis of the two single coil groups placed to form a coil group; Step 3. Repeat steps 1 to 2 to obtain three coil groups; then closely fit the three coil groups in sequence to form a cylindrical structure, and set the coil groups on the end windings of the three coil groups on the same side Lead out to form a three-phase winding; Step 4. Set the three-phase winding inside the armature core and fix it so that the middle winding of the three-phase winding closely adheres to the inner wall of the armature core; Step 5. Reshape the two sides of the three-phase winding. The upper and lower end windings of the three-phase winding form a flat cylinder, and are closely attached to the upper and lower end surfaces of the armature core to form a flat cylinder. 5. The manufacturing method of armature winding according to claim 4, characterized in that, the winding ring area inside the armature iron core of the coil group accounts for an arc angle of 120 degrees; One side is evenly distributed around the 60-degree circle around the center of the armature core. 6. The manufacturing method of the armature winding according to claim 4, characterized in that, the winding span of the end winding of the single coil is 150 degrees. 7. The manufacturing method of armature winding according to claim 4, characterized in that, in said step 4, it also includes: pre-winding high-temperature insulating tape at the outer circles of the two ends of the three-phase winding, and then wrapping the three-phase winding The sleeve is installed inside the armature iron core, so that the high-temperature insulating tape is just located at the corner where the inner wall of the armature iron core intersects with the upper and lower end surfaces. 8. A coreless motor, characterized in that, comprising: Housing, a hollow cylindrical cavity composed of front end cover, rear end cover and side; The armature winding has the armature winding structure described in any one of claims 1 to 3, or is an armature winding obtained by adopting the preparation method described in any one of claims 4 to 7; fixedly installed in the cavity , the central axis of the armature core coincides with the central axis of the housing; The rotor is a motor rotor with permanent magnets, located on the central axis of the armature core, and can freely rotate along the central axis of the housing. 9 . The hollow cup motor according to claim 8 , wherein bearings are provided on the front end cover and the rear end cover, and the rotor passes through the bearings and is mounted on the housing. 10 . 10 . The coreless motor according to claim 8 , wherein a ripple spring is arranged between the bearing on the rear end cover and the rear end cover. 11 .

Images