CN115370338B - Staged fracturing operation method for horizontal well - Google Patents
Staged fracturing operation method for horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN115370338B CN115370338B CN202110550151.4A CN202110550151A CN115370338B CN 115370338 B CN115370338 B CN 115370338B CN 202110550151 A CN202110550151 A CN 202110550151A CN 115370338 B CN115370338 B CN 115370338B
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- opening tool
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a staged fracturing operation method for a horizontal well, which comprises the following steps: step one: setting a completion string provided with a multi-stage fracturing sliding sleeve; step two: performing well cementation operation, and sealing a stratum; step three: the sleeve is pressed out to open the toe end sliding sleeve, and fracturing construction is carried out to press the lowest stratum; step four: lowering a staged fracturing opening tool to a preset underground position through a cable, and opening a corresponding fracturing sliding sleeve through the staged fracturing opening tool; step five: carrying out fracturing construction operation to fracture the stratum of the corresponding section; step six: closing the staged fracturing opening tool, and lifting the staged fracturing opening tool to the position corresponding to the upper stage fracturing sliding sleeve through a lifting cable; step seven: repeating the fourth step to the sixth step, sequentially opening the fracturing sliding sleeve corresponding to the stratum of the previous section, and performing fracturing construction operation to fracture the stratum of the corresponding section until all the strata of the section are fractured; step eight: and (5) lifting out the cable and the staged fracturing opening tool to finish staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas well completion, and particularly relates to a staged fracturing well completion of a horizontal well for unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale oil and gas, tight sandstone oil and gas, coal bed gas and the like, in particular to a staged fracturing operation method of the horizontal well.
Background
Unconventional oil and gas reservoirs such as shale oil gas, tight sandstone oil gas and coal bed gas commonly adopt a horizontal well multistage sliding sleeve staged fracturing completion process.
Currently, staged fracturing processes applied to the inside of a casing mainly comprise a bridge plug perforation staged fracturing process and a well cementation sliding sleeve staged fracturing process. The multistage bridge plug perforation staged fracturing process is that a well bore is sealed by a plurality of times of bridge plugs, further perforation and fracturing are carried out, the process needs multiple cable operations, construction is discontinuous, the operation period is long, and the bridge plugs need to be drilled and ground later. For another well cementation sliding sleeve fracturing valve well completion operation, the well cementation is carried out after the well cementation is carried out in a well shaft through connecting the sliding sleeve with a sleeve, for example, the sliding sleeve fracturing valve can be opened by adopting a ball throwing or rubber plug for carrying out fracturing construction. After the stage of transformation is completed, the stage of channel is plugged by pitching, the next stage of sliding sleeve is opened to carry out transformation operation, and the steps are repeated continuously until the sectional transformation of the whole horizontal well is completed. The process can realize multi-section fracturing of one pipe column, however, as the sliding sleeve adopts stepwise diameter reduction from top to bottom, the number of fracturing sections is limited, infinite-stage fracturing can not be realized, the construction process is still complex, and the fracturing transformation efficiency is low. In addition, the later stage of the conventional well cementation sliding sleeve fracturing operation is still not improved in a good means, the conventional intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column comprises a plurality of intelligent water finding and blocking switches and a plurality of packers, the production of each layer section is independently opened by controlling each layer section, so that the production state of each layer section is determined, the water outlet layer section is found, the pressure codes are generated by the ground pressure holding, the corresponding intelligent water finding and blocking switches are closed to produce other layer sections, and the multistage packers are needed in the later stage water finding and blocking process, so that the lifting, setting and deblocking difficulties of the multistage packer pipe column are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well, by which the fracturing sliding sleeve can be accurately controlled to be opened at a preset position in the well, the reliability of opening the fracturing sliding sleeve is obviously improved, infinite-stage fracturing in a horizontal well sleeve of a pipe column can be realized, the construction process is simplified, and the improvement of the fracturing transformation efficiency is very beneficial. And in the later stage, the packer can be prevented from being put down, and the water is found and blocked at any level by putting down the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column.
Therefore, according to the invention, there is provided a staged fracturing operation method for a horizontal well, comprising the steps of:
step one: a preset well completion pipe string is put into a well bore, and a multistage fracturing sliding sleeve is arranged in the well completion pipe string;
Step two: performing well cementation operation, and sealing a stratum;
step three: the sleeve is pressed to open the toe end sliding sleeve, and fracturing construction operation is carried out to press the lowest stratum;
Step four: a staged fracturing opening tool is put into a well through a cable, the staged fracturing opening tool is sent into a preset position, and the corresponding fracturing sliding sleeve is opened through the staged fracturing opening tool;
step five: carrying out fracturing construction operation to fracture the stratum of the corresponding section;
step six: closing the staged fracturing opening tool, and lifting the staged fracturing opening tool to a position corresponding to the upper stage fracturing sliding sleeve by lifting the cable;
Step seven: repeating the fourth step to the sixth step, sequentially opening the fracturing sliding sleeve corresponding to the stratum of the previous section, and performing fracturing construction operation to fracture the stratum of the corresponding section until all the strata of the section are fractured;
step eight: and (5) lifting out the cable and the staged fracturing opening tool to finish staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well.
In one embodiment, the fracturing sliding sleeve comprises a sliding sleeve outer cylinder and a sliding sleeve inner cylinder arranged in the sliding sleeve outer cylinder through shear pins, a liquid outlet channel is arranged on the sliding sleeve outer cylinder,
In the first state, the inner barrel of the sliding sleeve seals the liquid outlet channel,
Under the second state, the staged fracturing opening tool can push the sliding sleeve inner barrel to cut off the shear pins and then axially move along the sliding sleeve outer barrel until the liquid outlet channel is exposed, so that the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened.
In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the sleeve inner barrel is smaller than the inner diameter of a casing in the completion string and forms a first insertion sealing surface on the inner wall of the sleeve inner barrel.
In one embodiment, after the staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well, the water outlet condition of the bottom hole layer section can be monitored in real time by dropping the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column in the later production operation process,
The intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column comprises a plurality of intelligent water finding and plugging switches and a plurality of insertion pipes, wherein sealing layers are arranged on the outer surfaces of the insertion pipes to form third insertion sealing surfaces, and the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column can be matched with the first insertion sealing surfaces of the sliding sleeve inner barrel to form sealing.
In one embodiment, the staged fracturing opening tool comprises: a housing; a drive assembly; a transmission actuator connected to a lower end of the drive assembly, comprising a transmission shaft and an operating claw connected to the transmission shaft, an opening being provided in a sidewall region of the housing corresponding to the operating claw, the transmission actuator being configured to be capable of moving the operating claw in a radial direction of the transmission shaft by rotating the transmission shaft to extend or retract the opening; in a first state, the operating claw is positioned in the opening, the staged fracturing opening tool can be inserted into the sliding sleeve inner cylinder, and an insertion seal is formed between the shell and the sliding sleeve inner cylinder; in a second state, the ground is electrified to drive the driving assembly to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, so that the operating claw is controlled to extend out of the opening until being positioned at the radial outer side of the shell and contacted with the inner barrel of the sliding sleeve, and the staged fracturing opening tool is pushed to drive the inner barrel of the sliding sleeve to move through casing pressure holding, so that the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened.
In one embodiment, an upward-facing step is provided on the inner wall of the inner barrel of the sliding sleeve, and the operating claw can abut against the step after extending out, so that the inner barrel of the sliding sleeve can be pushed to move axially.
In one embodiment, the transmission shaft is a bidirectional screw, a first transmission nut and a second transmission nut are axially arranged on the bidirectional screw at intervals, two ends of the operating claw are respectively hinged with the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut through connecting rods, the operating claw is parallel to the bidirectional screw,
And the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut are close to or far away from each other by rotating the bidirectional screw rod, so that the operating claw moves along the radial direction of the transmission shaft.
In one embodiment, the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut are both provided with guide pins which are installed radially, guide grooves which extend along the axial direction are correspondingly formed in the inner wall of the shell, and the guide pins are installed in the guide grooves in an adapting mode.
In one embodiment, the outer wall surface of the housing is provided with a sealing layer, thereby forming a second insert sealing surface on the outer surface of the housing,
The housing is capable of forming an insert seal by the second insert seal surface being adapted to the first insert seal surface of the inner sleeve barrel.
In one embodiment, the lower end of the housing is configured to form a seal to block the staged fracturing opening tool internal passage.
In one embodiment, the drive assembly includes a motor and a decelerator.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:
According to the staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well, disclosed by the invention, the fracturing sliding sleeve can be accurately controlled to be opened at a preset position in the well, and the reliability of opening the fracturing sliding sleeve is obviously improved by driving the transmission executing mechanism through the driving assembly. And moreover, the staged fracturing opening tool for the horizontal well can realize infinite stage fracturing in the horizontal well sleeve of the one-pass tubular column, and can put into production after pressing, so that the construction process is greatly simplified, and the improvement of the fracturing transformation efficiency is very beneficial. In addition, the later stage can realize the water finding and blocking of any level by putting into the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column. The intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column can form an insertion seal with the end face of the sliding sleeve, so that the construction process is further simplified, a multi-stage packer is not needed, difficulty in lifting, setting and deblocking of the multi-stage packer pipe column is effectively avoided, and the water finding and plugging efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a structure in a state that a staged fracturing opening tool opens a fracturing sliding sleeve according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the structure of the operating claws in the staged fracturing opening tool shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows the running of a pre-set completion string into the wellbore.
Figures 4-5 show the process of lowering a horizontal well staged fracturing opening tool into a wellbore to progressively open the respective formation fracturing sleeve.
Fig. 6 shows the well bore running into the intelligent water finding and plugging string.
In the present application, all of the figures are schematic drawings which are intended to illustrate the principles of the application only and are not to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a structure in which a staged fracturing opening tool 100 according to the present invention is in a state of opening a fracturing slide sleeve. As shown in fig. 1, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 includes a housing 10, a drive assembly 20 disposed within the housing 10, and a transmission actuator coupled to a lower end of the drive assembly 20. The transmission actuator includes a transmission shaft 30 and an operating claw 40 connected to the transmission shaft 30, while an opening 11 is provided in a sidewall region of the housing 10 corresponding to the operating claw 40, and is configured to be capable of moving the operating claw 40 in a radial direction of the transmission shaft 30 by rotating the transmission shaft 30, thereby extending or retracting the opening 11.
In actual use, in an initial state (first state), the operating jaw 40 is positioned within the opening 11 such that the maximum radial dimension of the operating jaw 40 is less than the outer diameter of the housing 10, at which point the staged fracturing opening tool 100 may be lowered into a wellbore and delivered to a predetermined location downhole. In the working state (in the second state), the ground is electrified to drive the driving assembly 20 to drive the transmission shaft 30 to rotate, so that the operating claw 40 is controlled to extend out of the opening 11 until being positioned at the radial outer side of the casing 10, the maximum radial dimension of the operating claw 40 is larger than the outer diameter of the casing 10, at this time, the operating claw 40 of the staged fracturing opening tool 100 can be made to contact with the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 of the fracturing sliding sleeve 220 in the completion string 200 (see fig. 2), and then the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is pushed to move through the sleeve holding pressure to drive the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 through the operating claw 40, so that the staged fracturing sliding sleeve 220 is opened, and staged fracturing opening is realized. Thus, the fracturing operation of the corresponding stratum can be realized.
In one embodiment, an upward facing step is provided on the inner wall of the inner sleeve barrel 221, and the operating pawl 40 can abut against the step after extending, so as to push the inner sleeve barrel 221 to move axially.
The drive assembly 20 includes a motor and a decelerator. The motor is energized to the ground via cable 130, thereby enabling control of drive assembly 20 via the ground. The transmission shaft 30 can be fixedly connected with the output shaft of the speed reducer through a coupler, so that transmission control is realized.
According to the invention, the drive shaft 30 is a bi-directional screw. As shown in fig. 1, the drive actuator further includes a first drive nut 31 and a second drive nut 32 mounted on the bi-directional lead screw in axially spaced relation. The upper end of the operating jaw 40 is hinged with the first transmission nut 31 through a connecting rod 41, the lower end of the operating jaw 40 is hinged with the second transmission nut 32 through a connecting rod 41, and the operating jaw 40 is parallel to the bi-directional screw. Thus, the operating jaw 40 is on one side of the bi-directional screw. The first and second drive nuts 31 and 32 are respectively a forward guide nut and a reverse nut. In operation, the drive assembly 20 rotates the bi-directional screw such that the first drive nut 31 and the second drive nut 32 move toward or away from each other, thereby moving the operating pawl 40 radially of the bi-directional screw.
Specifically, when the first drive nut 31 and the second drive nut 32 are brought close to each other, the operating claw 40 is controlled to protrude out of the opening 11 until being radially outside the housing 10 such that the maximum radial dimension of the operating claw 40 is larger than the outer diameter of the housing 10, at which time the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is in the first state. When the first and second drive nuts 31, 32 are moved away from each other, the control operating jaw 40 is retracted into the opening 11 until the radial dimension of the operating jaw 40 is smaller than the radial outside of the housing 10, at which point the horizontal well staged fracturing opening tool 100 is in the second state.
In one embodiment, the threads at both ends of the bi-directional screw are provided as one left-handed and one right-handed, and the first transmission nut 31 corresponds to the left-handed threads of the bi-directional screw and the second transmission nut 32 corresponds to the right-handed threads of the bi-directional screw. In this way, the bidirectional screw rod can drive the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 on two sides to move relatively or reversely when rotating.
According to the invention, both the first drive nut 31 and the second drive nut 32 are provided with radially mounted guide pins 33. Meanwhile, guide grooves (not shown) extending in the axial direction are correspondingly formed on the inner wall of the housing 10, and corresponding guide pins 33 of the first and second drive nuts 31 and 32 are respectively fitted into the guide grooves on the inner wall of the housing 10. When the transmission executing mechanism controls the operation claw 40 to extend or retract, the guide pin 33 can prevent the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 from rotating, so that the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 are ensured to only axially move along the transmission shaft 30, and the two ends of the operation claw 40 are prevented from rotating and tilting to influence the opening supporting force. Thereby, guiding is formed for the first drive nut 31 and the second drive nut 32, and precise control of the extending or retracting movement of the operating claw 40 is effectively ensured. The number of the operating claws 40 may be provided in plural. The plurality of operating pawls 40 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 30 and are all disposed at the same axial position of the drive shaft 30. Both ends of the plurality of operating claws 40 are respectively hinged with the first and second drive nuts 31 and 32 through connecting rods 41. Correspondingly, a plurality of openings 11 are provided at corresponding positions on the housing 10, respectively. The plurality of operating claws 40 are located on the same circle with the axis of the transmission shaft 30 as the center of the circle and move synchronously. Thus, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 can be ensured to effectively open the fracturing sliding sleeve 220, the supporting force required for opening is ensured, and the stability and the reliability of the tool are enhanced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the operating claw 40 is configured to include a block 42 of a substantially rectangular plate and a connecting portion 43 fixed to the inside of the block 42, and a mounting groove extending in the length direction of the block 42 is provided in the middle of the connecting portion 43, the mounting groove extending through the entire length of the block. A chute 45 is provided on a side wall of the connecting portion 43. When the two connecting rods 41 connected with the same operating claw 40 are installed, the radial inner ends of the two connecting rods 41 are respectively hinged with the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32, and the radial outer ends of the two connecting rods 41 are inserted into the installation grooves and are hinged through push-pull pins. The two ends of the connecting rod 41 are respectively provided with a pin mounting hole, and the push-pull pin passes through the sliding groove and the pin mounting holes at the radial inner end of the connecting rod 41, so that the connecting rod 41 is hinged with the operating claw 40.
In the present embodiment, the bottom dimension of the installation groove is configured to be larger than the width of the installation groove, so that a space extending in the length direction of the operating claw 40 is formed at the bottom of the installation groove, in which a compression spring is installed, both ends of which are provided with spring seats, and the end of the connecting rod 41 installed in the installation groove is in contact with the spring seats. During the extending or retracting movement of the operating claw 40, the push-pull pin can slide along the sliding groove 45, and under the action of the compression spring, the operating claw 40 can have certain elasticity after being extended, so that the operating claw 40 is ensured to be attached to the sleeve after being extended, but the sleeve is not clamped, certain burrs on the inner wall of the sleeve can be allowed, and the sleeve can be pumped down.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer wall surface of the housing 10 is provided with a sealing layer, whereby a second insert sealing surface 12 is formed at the outer surface of the housing 10. Meanwhile, the inner wall surface of the sleeve inner cylinder 221 is formed as a first insertion seal surface. During the running of the staged fracturing opening tool 100, the housing 10 can be inserted into the inner sleeve barrel 221 of the fracturing sleeve 220 such that the housing 10 forms an insert seal by the second insert seal face 12 fitting with the first insert seal face of the inner sleeve barrel 221. Thereby forming a sealing surface therebetween.
As shown in fig. 1, the housing 10 may be configured to include a housing main body 101 and a cylinder 102 fixedly coupled to an upper end of the housing main body 101. The opening 11 is provided on a side wall of the housing main body 101. The upper end of the housing 10 is fixedly connected with a first connector 13, the first connector 13 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cylinder 102, and the first connector 13 is used for connecting a cable 130.
According to the present invention, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 may be run in by a wireline 130 connection, and upon run in by the wireline 130, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is pumped downhole by circulating drilling fluid to a predetermined location. Of course, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 may also be carried by a coiled tubing to a predetermined location downhole.
In accordance with the present invention, the lower end of the housing 10 is configured to form a seal to block the internal passage of the segmented fracture opener 100. As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, a second joint 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the housing 10, and the second joint 14 is fitted with a ball seat 15. Ball seat 15 can be sealed by a valve ball to form a seal at second joint 14 to seal the internal passage of the split fracturing opening tool 100 for subsequent casing hold-down. Of course, the lower end of the housing 10 may also be directly constructed as a sealing structure.
According to the staged fracturing operation method for the horizontal well, disclosed by the invention, the staged fracturing of the horizontal well can be realized by one pipe column while the stratum is sealed. The staged fracturing operation method of the horizontal well is specifically described below.
First, a pre-set completion string 200 is run into the wellbore with the casing. As shown in fig. 3, completion string 200 includes casing 210, multi-stage fracturing sleeve 220 connected within casing 210, toe end sleeve 230, and float shoe 240 connected to the end of the entire completion string 200. In the initial state, the toe end slips 230 are in a closed state, and each fracturing slip 220 is also in a closed state.
According to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the fracturing sleeve 220 includes a sleeve outer cylinder 222 and a sleeve inner cylinder 221 installed in the sleeve outer cylinder 222 by shear pins, the upper end of the sleeve outer cylinder 222 is connected to an upper casing by a first slip joint 223, and the lower end is connected to a lower casing by a second slip joint 224. The outer sleeve barrel 222 is provided with a liquid outlet passage 225 penetrating through the side wall, and in the first state, the inner sleeve barrel 221 seals the liquid outlet passage 225, thereby closing the fracturing sleeve 220. In the second state, the inner sleeve barrel 221 is axially movable along the outer sleeve barrel 222 to expose the fluid outlet passage 225, thereby opening the fracturing sleeve 220.
After completion string 200 is lowered into the wellbore, cementing is performed through the surface to form a cement collar 201 between completion string 200 and the formation, thereby sealing the formation.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, during the well cementing operation, the casing and formation circulation passage is blocked by throwing a ball into the completion string 200 from the wellhead to a pressure-blocking ball seat 241 mounted on a shoe 240. After the well cementation is completed, the pin or the rupture disk of the toe end sliding sleeve 230 is sheared by the pressure build-up in the sleeve, so that the toe end sliding sleeve 230 is opened. Then, a fracturing construction process is implemented, and the lowest section of stratum is pressed open.
After the lowermost section of the formation is pressed open, the casing establishes a circulation path with the formation.
Then, as shown in fig. 4, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 according to the present invention is lowered until it is brought into the well near the predetermined position, before the fracturing sliding sleeve preset at the lowest stage, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is started, pumping is continued, the casing 10 is inserted into the sliding sleeve inner cylinder 221 of the corresponding fracturing sliding sleeve 220, and the second insertion sealing surface is adapted to the first insertion sealing surface to form an insertion seal, so that a sealing surface is formed between the two, and the sealing between the two is effectively ensured. The staged fracturing opening tool 100 may be run in via a wireline 130 connection and, when run in by the wireline 130, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is pumped downhole to a predetermined location by circulating drilling fluid. Of course, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 may also be carried through a coiled tubing to a predetermined sliding sleeve location.
In this embodiment, the sliding sleeve opening tool 100 is to ensure that the upper stage fracturing sliding sleeve and the lower stage fracturing sliding sleeve are activated to ensure that the upper stage fracturing sliding sleeve and the lower stage fracturing sliding sleeve can pass smoothly. After the starting, the method of descending again can ensure the insertion and opening to the inside of the preset fracturing sliding sleeve.
According to the present invention, the inner diameter of the sleeve inner barrel 221 is slightly smaller than the sleeve inner diameter, and may be set equal to the outer diameter of the housing 10 of the staged fracturing opening tool 100, for example, so that the operation claw 40 of the staged fracturing opening tool 100 can be ensured to pass through the fracturing sleeve when retracted.
After the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is successfully inserted into the sliding sleeve inner barrel, ground power is applied to drive the driving assembly to operate, and the bidirectional screw rod is driven to rotate, so that the first transmission nut 31 and the second transmission nut 32 are close to each other, the operating claw 40 extends outwards along the radial direction of the bidirectional screw rod until the operating claw 40 is in contact with the corresponding sliding sleeve inner barrel 221. The operating claw 40 pushes against the step of the inner barrel 221 of the sliding sleeve, then, under the action of the up-down pressure difference, the operating claw 40 of the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is pushed to drive the inner barrel 221 of the sliding sleeve to shear the pin and then move downwards, so that the liquid outlet channel 225 is exposed, the fracturing sliding sleeve 220 is opened, the pressure is continuously pushed, and the fracturing construction operation is carried out until the corresponding stratum (the stratum of the last stratum relative to the stratum of the lowest stratum) is pushed open. As shown in fig. 5, after a section of the formation is fractured, the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is closed, the operating claw 40 is retracted, and the staged fracturing opening tool 100 is lifted up to the position of the primary fracturing sliding sleeve by the lifting cable, and the step of opening the fracturing sliding sleeve 220 is repeated. Thus, the corresponding stage of fracturing sliding sleeve 220 is opened step by step, and the subsequent fracturing operation of each corresponding stage of stratum is realized.
After all formation fracturing operations are completed, the cable 130 and staged fracturing opening tool 100 are lifted. Thereby completing staged fracturing of the horizontal well.
According to the invention, after staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well, in the later production operation process, as shown in fig. 6, the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 can be put in, and the water outlet condition of the stratum can be monitored in real time through the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300. The intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 comprises a plurality of intelligent water finding and plugging switches 310 and a plurality of insertion pipes 301, and the plurality of intelligent water finding and plugging switches 310 and the plurality of insertion pipes 301 are alternately and alternately connected in series in the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300. A sealing layer is arranged on the outer surface of the insertion pipe 301, so that a third insertion sealing surface is formed on the outer surface of the insertion pipe 301, the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 can be inserted into the fracturing sliding sleeve 220, and a seal is formed by matching the third insertion sealing surface of the insertion pipe 301 with the first insertion sealing surface of the sliding sleeve inner barrel 221 in the fracturing sliding sleeve 220. Thereby, the addition of a packer into the wellbore can be replaced. According to the invention, the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 replaces a packer by using the first inserted sealing surface of the sliding sleeve inner barrel of the preset sliding sleeve as a sealing section and adopting the third inserted sealing surface formed on the outer surface of the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 to be matched and sealed with the first inserted sealing surface of the sliding sleeve inner barrel, thereby realizing the multi-stage water finding and plugging function. Therefore, water can be found and blocked at any level, multi-stage packers are not needed, difficulty in lifting, setting and deblocking of multi-stage packer pipe columns is avoided, water finding and blocking efficiency is improved, cost can be reduced remarkably, and operation risks are reduced. In the later production operation process, the stratum water is discharged to flood, and the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column 300 can be utilized to find and block water through an intelligent water finding and blocking process. The principle of intelligent water finding and blocking is that each section is opened step by step to produce, a water layer section (water finding) is determined through the occurrence, and then the water layer section is closed through ground remote control (pressure coding), so that an unsubscribed layer section (water blocking) is produced.
According to the horizontal well staged fracturing operation method, the fracturing sliding sleeve can be accurately controlled to be opened at a preset position in the well, and the reliability of the opening of the fracturing sliding sleeve is remarkably improved by driving the transmission executing mechanism through the driving assembly 20. In addition, the staged fracturing operation method of the horizontal well can realize infinite stage fracturing in the horizontal well sleeve of the tubular column by the staged fracturing opening tool 100, and the production can be put into operation after the fracturing, so that the construction process is greatly simplified, and the improvement of the fracturing transformation efficiency is very beneficial. In addition, the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 can be put in at a later stage, so that water finding and plugging at any level can be realized. The intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column 300 can form an insertion seal with the end face of the sliding sleeve, so that the construction process is further simplified, a multi-stage packer is not needed, difficulty in lifting, setting and deblocking of the multi-stage packer pipe column is effectively avoided, and water finding and plugging efficiency is improved. In the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", etc. are described with respect to the direction of extension of the wellbore, unless explicitly stated otherwise or contradicted. The term "upper" refers to a side along the direction of extension of the wellbore that is adjacent to the wellbore. The term "lower" refers to a side near the bottom of the well along the direction of extension of the wellbore.
In the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only of a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the techniques described in the foregoing examples, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A staged fracturing operation method for a horizontal well comprises the following steps:
Step one: a preset well completion pipe column (200) is put into a well shaft, a multistage fracturing sliding sleeve (220) is arranged in the well completion pipe column, the fracturing sliding sleeve comprises a sliding sleeve outer cylinder (222) and a sliding sleeve inner cylinder (221) arranged in the sliding sleeve outer cylinder through a shear pin, a liquid outlet channel (225) is arranged on the sliding sleeve outer cylinder, the sliding sleeve inner cylinder seals the liquid outlet channel in a first state, and in a second state, a staged fracturing opening tool can push the sliding sleeve inner cylinder to shear the shear pin and then move along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve outer cylinder until the liquid outlet channel is exposed, so that the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened;
Step two: performing well cementation operation, and sealing a stratum;
Step three: the sleeve is pressed out to open the toe end sliding sleeve (230), and the fracturing construction operation is carried out to press the lowest stratum open;
Step four: a staged fracturing opening tool (100) is put down through a cable, and is sent into a sliding sleeve inner cylinder (221) of the fracturing sliding sleeve (220) preset at the lowest stage;
Step five: the staged fracturing opening tool and a sliding sleeve inner barrel (221) of the fracturing sliding sleeve (220) are mutually sealed and axially contacted, and under the action of an up-down pressure difference, the staged fracturing opening tool is pushed to drive the sliding sleeve inner barrel (221) to move downwards, so that a liquid outlet channel (225) of the fracturing sliding sleeve (220) is exposed, and the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened;
Step six: continuing to hold pressure, and performing fracturing construction operation to press the stratum of the corresponding section;
Step seven: closing the staged fracturing opening tool, and lifting the staged fracturing opening tool to a position corresponding to the upper stage fracturing sliding sleeve by lifting the cable;
step eight: repeating the fifth step to the seventh step, sequentially opening the fracturing sliding sleeve corresponding to the stratum of the previous section, and performing fracturing construction operation to fracture the stratum of the corresponding section until all the strata of the section are fractured;
Step nine: and (5) lifting out the cable and the staged fracturing opening tool to finish staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well.
2. The method of staged fracturing operation of a horizontal well of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the inner sleeve barrel is smaller than the inner diameter of a casing in the completion string and the inner wall of the inner sleeve barrel is formed with a first interposed sealing surface.
3. The staged fracturing operation method of the horizontal well according to claim 2, wherein after staged fracturing operation of the horizontal well, the water outlet condition of a bottom hole interval can be monitored in real time by putting in the intelligent water finding and blocking pipe column (300) in the process of post production operation,
The intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column comprises a plurality of intelligent water finding and plugging switches (310) and a plurality of insertion pipes (301), wherein sealing layers are arranged on the outer surfaces of the insertion pipes to form third insertion sealing surfaces, and the intelligent water finding and plugging pipe column can be matched with the first insertion sealing surfaces of the sliding sleeve inner cylinders to form sealing through the third insertion sealing surfaces.
4. The horizontal well staged fracturing job method of claim 2, wherein the staged fracturing opening tool comprises:
A housing (10);
a drive assembly (20);
a transmission actuator connected to a lower end of the drive assembly, comprising a transmission shaft (30) and an operating claw (40) connected to the transmission shaft, an opening (11) being provided in a side wall region of the housing corresponding to the operating claw, the transmission actuator being configured to enable the operating claw to move in a radial direction of the transmission shaft by rotating the transmission shaft to extend or retract the opening;
In a first state, the operating claw is positioned in the opening, the staged fracturing opening tool can be inserted into the sliding sleeve inner cylinder, and an insertion seal is formed between the shell and the sliding sleeve inner cylinder;
In a second state, the ground is electrified to drive the driving assembly to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, so that the operating claw is controlled to extend out of the opening until being positioned at the radial outer side of the shell and contacted with the inner barrel of the sliding sleeve, and the staged fracturing opening tool is pushed to drive the inner barrel of the sliding sleeve to move through casing pressure holding, so that the fracturing sliding sleeve is opened.
5. The staged fracturing operation method of the horizontal well according to claim 4, wherein a step with an upward end face is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve inner barrel, and the operating claw can be abutted against the step after extending out, so that the sliding sleeve inner barrel can be pushed to move axially.
6. The staged fracturing operation method of horizontal well as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the transmission shaft is a bi-directional screw, a first transmission nut (31) and a second transmission nut (32) are axially and separately installed on the bi-directional screw, two ends of the operating claw are respectively hinged with the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut through a connecting rod (41), the operating claw is parallel to the bi-directional screw,
And the first transmission nut and the second transmission nut are close to or far away from each other by rotating the bidirectional screw rod, so that the operating claw moves along the radial direction of the transmission shaft.
7. The staged fracturing operation method of horizontal well according to claim 6, characterized in that the first and the second drive nut are provided with radially mounted guide pins (33), the inner wall of the housing is correspondingly provided with axially extending guide grooves, and the guide pins are adapted to be mounted in the guide grooves.
8. The staged fracturing operation method for horizontal wells according to any of the claims 4-7, wherein the outer wall surface of the casing is provided with a sealing layer forming a second interposed sealing surface (12) on the outer surface of the casing,
The housing is capable of forming an insert seal by the second insert seal surface being adapted to the first insert seal surface of the inner sleeve barrel.
9. The method of staged fracturing operation of a horizontal well of claim 4, wherein a lower end of the housing is configured to form a seal to block an internal passage of the staged fracturing opening tool.
10. The method of staged fracturing operation of a horizontal well of claim 4, wherein the drive assembly comprises a motor and a decelerator.
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| CN115653541B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-03-21 | 哈尔滨艾拓普科技有限公司 | Segmented multi-cluster fracturing intelligent sliding sleeve system and method based on smart key tags |
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| CN103628864A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Intelligent testing system and testing method for multi-section fractured horizontal well |
| CN109267982A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2019-01-25 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of staged fracturing and control water completion method and tubing string, underground sliding bush switching system |
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| CN102337862B (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2014-01-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Variable-diameter fracturing valve |
| CN102536187A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-04 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Switchable hydraulic jet fracturing underground device with combined slide sleeves |
| CN102704904B (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2015-03-04 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Multi-stage fracturing sliding sleeve device and using method thereof |
| CN103184856A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-07-03 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Hydraulic jet packer applicable to multilevel hydraulic jet fracturing |
| CN103277079B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2015-12-09 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of tubing string of horizontal well fracturing completion and pressing crack construction method thereof |
| CA2916474A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-04-07 | Resource Completion Systems Inc. | Closable frac sleeve |
| CN109267965B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2020-08-11 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Underground electric control sliding sleeve opening and closing tool |
| CA3070863A1 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | Geodynamics, Inc. | Opening a casing with a hydraulic-powered setting tool |
| CN110593837B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-05-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司西南油气田分公司工程技术研究院 | Fracturing construction operation method for soluble full-bore sliding sleeve |
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| CN103628864A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Intelligent testing system and testing method for multi-section fractured horizontal well |
| CN109267982A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2019-01-25 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of staged fracturing and control water completion method and tubing string, underground sliding bush switching system |
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