CN115363058B - 一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂 - Google Patents
一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115363058B CN115363058B CN202110810090.0A CN202110810090A CN115363058B CN 115363058 B CN115363058 B CN 115363058B CN 202110810090 A CN202110810090 A CN 202110810090A CN 115363058 B CN115363058 B CN 115363058B
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液20‑32份、食品级活性剂0.4‑0.7份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2‑3份、溶葡萄球菌素0.2‑0.4份、柠檬桉醇3‑5份、羟丙基淀粉1‑2份、水58‑64份,所述的新型消毒剂是经过多级混合、调节pH值等步骤制成的,本发明在溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉的相互配合下,协同提高了新型冠状病毒的灭活效率和持久性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于消毒剂制备技术领域,具体涉及一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂、制备方法及其使用方法。
背景技术
随着新冠疫情的全球蔓延,消毒从细分市场走向了大众市场,防疫消毒逐步走向了常态化。
目前在市场上主流的杀灭新冠的的消毒剂主要是三大类:
1.含氯消毒剂,市场上有代表性的是84消毒剂,由于价格低廉,应用最为广泛;
2.过氧化物消毒剂,市场上过氧化氢,过氧乙酸,由于其强氧化性的优点,更多用于医疗专业消毒领域;
3.含醇消毒剂:市场上有代表性的是75%酒精消毒剂,价格合理效果较好,更多用于家庭消毒,手消等民用市场。
但是这几类消毒剂在面对新冠疫情的防疫,都有其性能或应用上的局限性:
84消毒剂最大的缺点是有毒,有强氧化性,分解后产生的氯气是有毒的,只能用于开放场所消毒,不能用于封闭空间的消毒,比如电梯间,尤其不能用于皮肤,黏膜,衣服,金属表面等场合的消毒。所以在一切对人直接消毒或人密切接触的物品消毒,严格意义上,84消毒剂是不能使用的。
过氧化物消毒剂,最常见的是3%-5%浓度的过氧化氢,有很强的刺激性、腐蚀性、漂白性,0.5%浓度的过氧化氢消毒液是可以实现对新冠病毒的消杀且无明显副作用的,但是做到0.5%浓度且稳定的过氧化氢消毒技术难度较高,实现成本也要远高于本发明所述消毒剂,因此过氧化物消毒剂更多用于手术室等高端消毒应用。
75%酒精消毒剂,可以对人体或金属直接消毒,缺点是有刺激性,易燃,而且是过敏源。如果织物带有静电,极容易引起火灾,因此不能喷洒消毒。乘坐飞机,高铁,汽车均不允许携带含酒精的消毒剂。
在新冠疫情下,需要对人、物、场所进行全面消毒,大多数消毒剂存在各种局限性,组合使用带来技术复杂性和实施上的安全漏洞,并且成本高企,市场上迫切需要一种安全广谱的高效消毒剂。
发明内容
本发明提供一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂、制备方法及其使用方法,以解决现有的消毒剂对灭活新型冠状病毒适用性较差等问题。
为了解决以上技术问题,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液20-32份、食品级活性剂0.4-0.7份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2-3份、溶葡萄球菌素0.2-0.4份、柠檬桉醇3-5份、羟丙基淀粉1-2份、水58-64份。
优选地,所述的有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液28份、食品级活性剂0.6 份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2.4份、溶葡萄球菌素0.3份、柠檬桉醇4份、羟丙基淀粉1.6份、水60份。
优选地,所述天然植物萃取液中包含茶树精油、尤加利精油、桉树精油、杜松精油、葡萄籽提取物、蓖麻提取物、芙蓉提取物中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述食品级活性剂包括芥酸。
优选地,所述复合氯化季铵盐类化合物由西吡氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵按重量比为2-4:5-7:1-2组成。
优选地,所述复合氯化季铵盐类化合物由西吡氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵按重量比为3:6.2:1.4组成。
优选地,所述水包括蒸馏水、纯净水、新鲜的凉开水中的一种或多种。
本发明还提供一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:天然植物萃取液、食品级活性剂、水混合后升温至55-63℃,以转速为200-300r/min下搅拌7-10min,制得混合液A;
S2:将步骤S1制得混合液A降温至32-45℃,加入复合氯化季铵盐类化合物,以微波功率为100-200W,转速为300-400r/min下搅拌6-8min,制得混合液B;
S3:向步骤S2制得混合液B中加入溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉,以压力为1-2MPa,温度为46-52℃,转速为200-300r/min 下搅拌5-6min,接着调节pH值,制得有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂。
优选地,步骤S3中所述pH值为6-6.8。
本发明还提供一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂的使用方法,是采用包括蒸馏水、纯净水、新鲜的凉开水中的一种或多种对新型消毒剂稀释至质量浓度不低于万分之二,然后通过雾化方式喷洒到空气中或喷洒到物体表面,即可有效灭活新型冠状病毒。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.本发明利用天然植物萃取液所蕴含的干扰新型冠状病毒表面蛋白质衣壳的稳定性达到灭杀效果和利用季铵盐类化合物的表面活性剂属性破坏新型冠状病毒表面脂质层来使其失去对人体细胞的侵染能力等多种复合灭杀效果。
2.溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉在制备本发明的新型消毒剂中起到了协同作用,协同提高了新型冠状病毒的灭活效率,这是因为:溶葡萄球菌素通过破坏新型冠状病毒的细胞膜的蛋白质而产生泄露孔洞,进而干扰病毒的正常功能,造成新型冠状病毒养分流失,进而导致新型冠状病毒逐渐死亡,其与柠檬桉醇配合使用,柠檬桉醇可以与溶葡萄球菌素形成超分子稳定结构,进一步增加本发明新型消毒剂的稳定性和持久杀病毒效果;同时柠檬桉醇本身具有极强的杀病毒能力,它能够改变病毒表面的电位,能够增强溶葡萄球菌素的穿透能力,进一步增强杀病毒效果;羟丙基淀粉具有良好的黏性,使用本发明的新型消毒剂后,可使新型消毒剂粘附在新型冠状病毒表面,进而促进柠檬桉醇、溶葡萄球菌素相互作用而增强持久杀病毒的效果,提高新型冠状病毒的灭活效率。
具体地作用原理:金黄色葡萄球菌是革兰氏阳性菌,肽聚糖是其细胞壁的重要组成部分,保持细胞形态,保护细胞不会渗透性涨破。金黄色葡萄球菌肽聚糖是由N-乙酰葡糖胺与N-乙酰胞壁酸残基交替组成的,胞壁酸与四肽链(D-丙氨酸、D-谷氨酰胺、L-赖氨酸、D-丙氨酸)连接在一起,而四肽链和甘氨酸五肽桥通过单链赖氨酸残基的ε -氨基连接在一起,另一边由丙氨酸羧基连接。溶葡萄球菌素首先合成以493个氨基酸构成的前酶原,其由N端36个氨基酸构成的前导肽指导进入分泌途径,分泌至胞外。前酶原的N端有15个由13个氨基酸构成的重复序列,这些重复序列使溶葡萄球菌素前酶源的活性比成熟溶葡萄球菌素的活性低70%。这些重复序列经分泌的半胱氨酸蛋白酶降解之后形成有活性的溶葡萄球菌素。成熟的溶葡萄球菌素分子由两部分组成:N端蛋白酶区域(PD),具有蛋白酶催化活性;C端细胞壁靶向区域(CWT),CWT引导溶葡萄球菌素结合到金葡菌表面的受体上,作用于金黄色葡萄球菌细胞壁肽聚糖交联结构中的Gly五肽桥联,从而使细胞裂解,达到破壁溶菌的效果。
3.本发明的新型消毒剂具有以下优势:
(1)杀菌浓度更低,一般使用万分之二即可;
(2)无刺激性,无毒性;
(3)溶剂略带清香,对物体表面无腐蚀、漂白作用;
(4)消杀广谱,持续有效时间长达8小时以上;
(5)性质稳定、耐光、耐热、易贮存。
4.本发明的新型消毒剂使用场景及市场渠道:
(1)可应用于单位办公、企业生产的环境消毒;
(2)可应用于学生教室、宿舍、食堂、图书馆等校园场所的环境消毒;
(3)可应用于地铁、公交车、出租车等公共交通工具的消毒;
(4)可应用于医院及医疗机构的环境消毒;
(5)可应用于商场超市、娱乐场所、游乐园、电影院等的环境消毒;
(6)可应用于社区、住宅小区的环境消毒;
(7)可应用于家庭及个人的消毒,如衣物、家具、手部皮肤等方面的灭菌消毒。
5.本发明的新型消毒剂因为无毒无害、无腐蚀性、可生物降解,灭杀新型冠状病毒速度快、持续作用时间长,相比如下表的传统消毒剂,具有无可比拟的安全和广谱等优势。本发明的新型消毒剂目前已经广泛应用于欧美卫生机构、学校社区、交通枢纽、物流仓储等场景对人员、物品和设施等预防新型冠状病毒方面的消毒。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,现采用以下实施例加以说明,以下实施例属于本发明的保护范围,但不限制本发明的保护范围。
在本实施例中,所述有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液20-32份、食品级活性剂0.4-0.7份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2-3份、溶葡萄球菌素0.2-0.4 份、柠檬桉醇3-5份、羟丙基淀粉1-2份、水58-64份;
所述天然植物萃取液中包含茶树精油、尤加利精油、桉树精油、杜松精油、葡萄籽提取物、蓖麻提取物、芙蓉提取物中的一种或多种;
所述食品级活性剂包括芥酸;
所述复合氯化季铵盐类化合物由西吡氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵按重量比为2-4:5-7:1-2组成;
所述水包括蒸馏水、纯净水、新鲜的凉开水中的一种或多种;
所述有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:天然植物萃取液、食品级活性剂、水混合后升温至55-63℃,以转速为200-300r/min下搅拌7-10min,制得混合液A;
S2:将步骤S1制得混合液A降温至32-45℃,加入复合氯化季铵盐类化合物,以微波功率为100-200W,转速为300-400r/min下搅拌6-8min,制得混合液B;
S3:向步骤S2制得混合液B中加入溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉,以压力为1-2MPa,温度为46-52℃,转速为200-300r/min 下搅拌5-6min,接着调节pH值为6-6.8,制得有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂。
所述有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂的使用方法,采用包括蒸馏水、纯净水、新鲜的凉开水中的一种或多种对新型消毒剂稀释至质量浓度不低于万分之二,然后通过雾化方式喷洒到空气中或喷洒到物体表面,即可有效灭活新型冠状病毒。
下面通过更具体的实施例加以说明。
实施例1
一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液22份、食品级活性剂0.5份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2份、溶葡萄球菌素0.2份、柠檬桉醇3.4份、羟丙基淀粉1份、水59份;
所述天然植物萃取液中含有茶树精油;
所述食品级活性剂包括芥酸;
所述复合氯化季铵盐类化合物由西吡氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵按重量比为2:5:1组成;
所述水为蒸馏水;
所述有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:天然植物萃取液、食品级活性剂、水混合后升温至57℃,以转速为200r/min下搅拌10min,制得混合液A;
S2:将步骤S1制得混合液A降温至35℃,加入复合氯化季铵盐类化合物,以微波功率为100W,转速为300r/min下搅拌8min,制得混合液B;
S3:向步骤S2制得混合液B中加入溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉,以压力为1MPa,温度为48℃,转速为200r/min下搅拌 6min,接着调节pH值为6.2,制得有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂。
实施例2
一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液28份、食品级活性剂0.6份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2.4份、溶葡萄球菌素0.3份、柠檬桉醇4份、羟丙基淀粉1.6份、水60份;
所述天然植物萃取液中含有蓖麻提取物、芙蓉提取物,所述蓖麻提取物、芙蓉提取物的重量比为4:3;
所述食品级活性剂包括芥酸;
所述复合氯化季铵盐类化合物由西吡氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵按重量比为3:6.2:1.4组成;
所述水为纯净水;
所述有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:天然植物萃取液、食品级活性剂、水混合后升温至60℃,以转速为300r/min下搅拌7min,制得混合液A;
S2:将步骤S1制得混合液A降温至42℃,加入复合氯化季铵盐类化合物,以微波功率为200W,转速为400r/min下搅拌6min,制得混合液B;
S3:向步骤S2制得混合液B中加入溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉,以压力为1.6MPa,温度为50℃,转速为300r/min下搅拌5min,接着调节pH值为6.5,制得有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂。
实施例3
一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液30份、食品级活性剂0.7份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2.9份、溶葡萄球菌素0.4份、柠檬桉醇4.8份、羟丙基淀粉1.7份、水63份;
所述天然植物萃取液中含有葡萄籽提取物;
所述食品级活性剂包括芥酸;
所述复合氯化季铵盐类化合物由西吡氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵按重量比为4:7:2组成;
所述水为新鲜的凉开水;
所述有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:天然植物萃取液、食品级活性剂、水混合后升温至62℃,以转速为300r/min下搅拌7min,制得混合液A;
S2:将步骤S1制得混合液A降温至44℃,加入复合氯化季铵盐类化合物,以微波功率为160W,转速为400r/min下搅拌7min,制得混合液B;
S3:向步骤S2制得混合液B中加入溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉,以压力为2MPa,温度为47℃,转速为200r/min下搅拌 6min,接着调节pH值为6.7,制得有效灭活新型冠状病毒的新型消毒剂。
对比例1
与实施例2的制备工艺基本相同,不同之处在于制备的新型消毒剂的原料中缺少溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉。
对比例2
与实施例2的制备工艺基本相同,不同之处在于制备的新型消毒剂的原料中缺少溶葡萄球菌素。
对比例3
与实施例2的制备工艺基本相同,不同之处在于制备的新型消毒剂的原料中缺少柠檬桉醇。
对比例4
与实施例2的制备工艺基本相同,不同之处在于制备的新型消毒剂的原料中缺少羟丙基淀粉。
消毒剂体外对新型冠状病毒的灭活作用测试试验
1.试验目的
测试消毒剂对新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2的灭活作用。
2.材料
(1)测试样品
实施例1-3和对比例1-4制备的消毒剂。
(2)细胞
Vero细胞来自美国ATCC,采用含10%FBS的MEM培养基 (Invitrogen)培养。Vero细胞用胰酶消化液消化后计数,用含2%FBS 的MEM培养液调准细胞浓度至2×105/mL。
(3)病毒
新型冠状病毒来自临床新冠肺炎急性期患者的痰液样本接种 Vero细胞后获得,经荧光PCR(Cat No.Z-RR-0479,国械注准 20203400057,上海之江生物科技股份有限公司)和病毒全基因测序 (GSAID,hCoV-19/Hangzhou/ZJU-05/2020Vero EPI_ISL_415711)确定为新型冠状病毒,并采用荧光PCR法排除培养物中含有其他呼吸道病毒。采用细胞病变观察法测定病毒滴度并稀释至2×106TCID50/mL。
3.方法与结果
(1)消毒剂对新冠病毒灭活的试验方法
在无菌的7根样品管中,分别标记1-7号,分别加入稀释的实施例1-3和对比例1-4制备的消毒剂(均采用纯净水稀释消毒剂至质量浓度为万分之二)100uL,随后分别加入2×106 TCID50/mL的新冠病毒液10uL到对应标记的样品管中,轻柔混匀,室温孵育15min。到预定作用时间点后,将消毒剂/病毒混合液转移至6孔细胞培养板中,并立即加入4mL Vero细胞悬液(2×105/mL),置于CO2培养箱继续培养72h。
(2)培养液中新型冠状病毒核酸检测
采用实时荧光定量PCR法。吸取细胞培养上清液200μL,用磁珠法核酸提取试剂盒(MVR01)和全自动核酸提取仪(EX3600,上海之江生物科技股份有限公司)提取病毒核酸,最终洗脱体积为50μL。取5μL核酸提取物,采用一步法新型冠状病毒核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法,货号Z-RR-0479,国械注准20203400057,上海之江生物科技股份有限公司),检测病毒核酸水平,根据Ct值计算待测样品对病毒的抑制或灭活效率。[Ct=-3.33Log10C(copies/mL)+42.03]。结果如下表所示。
备注:以上涉及活病毒操作的实验均在生物安全三级实验室(BSL-3)进行。
4.结论分析
由上表可知:(1)实施例1-3制备的消毒剂稀释至质量浓度为万分之二后,在15分钟内均能有效灭活新冠病毒SARS-CoV-2,灭活效率大于99.9%。
(2)由实施例2和对比例1-4的新型冠状病毒的灭活效率数据,可以计算得出溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉一起使用时产生的新型冠状病毒的灭活效率的效果值比溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉分别单独使用时叠加产生的新型冠状病毒的灭活效率的效果值提高的百分数=15.02%>10%,由于提高的百分数大于10%,说明了溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉在制备新型消毒剂中起到了协同作用,协同提高了新型冠状病毒的灭活效率,这是因为:
溶葡萄球菌素通过干扰新型冠状病毒的正常功能,造成新型冠状病毒养分流失,进而导致新型冠状病毒逐渐死亡,其与柠檬桉醇配合使用,柠檬桉醇可以与溶葡萄球菌素形成超分子稳定结构,进一步增加本发明新型消毒剂的稳定性和持久杀病毒效果;同时柠檬桉醇本身具有极强的杀病毒能力,它能够改变病毒表面的电位,能够增强溶葡萄球菌素的穿透能力,进一步增强杀病毒效果;羟丙基淀粉具有良好的黏性,使用本发明的新型消毒剂后,可使新型消毒剂粘附在新型冠状病毒表面,进而促进柠檬桉醇、溶葡萄球菌素相互作用而增强持久杀病毒的效果,提高新型冠状病毒的灭活效率。
以上内容不能认定本发明具体实施只局限于这些说明,对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明由所提交的权利要求书确定的专利保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂,其特征在于,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液20-32份、食品级活性剂0.4-0.7份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2-3份、溶葡萄球菌素0.2-0.4份、柠檬桉醇3-5份、羟丙基淀粉1-2份、水58-64份;
所述天然植物萃取液中包含茶树精油、葡萄籽提取物、蓖麻提取物、芙蓉提取物中的一种或多种;
所述食品级活性剂包括芥酸;
所述复合氯化季铵盐类化合物由西吡氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵按重量比为2-4:5-7:1-2组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂,其特征在于,以重量份为单位,包括以下原料:天然植物萃取液28份、食品级活性剂0.6份、复合氯化季铵盐类化合物2.4份、溶葡萄球菌素0.3份、柠檬桉醇4份、羟丙基淀粉1.6份、水60份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂,其特征在于,所述复合氯化季铵盐类化合物由西吡氯铵、二癸基二甲基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵按重量比为3:6.2:1.4组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂,其特征在于,所述水包括蒸馏水、纯净水、新鲜的凉开水中的一种或多种。
5.一种根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:天然植物萃取液、食品级活性剂、水混合后升温至55-63℃,以转速为200-300r/min下搅拌7-10min,制得混合液A;
S2:将步骤S1制得混合液A降温至32-45℃,加入复合氯化季铵盐类化合物,以微波功率为100-200W,转速为300-400r/min下搅拌6-8min,制得混合液B;
S3:向步骤S2制得混合液B中加入溶葡萄球菌素、柠檬桉醇、羟丙基淀粉,以压力为1-2MPa,温度为46-52℃,转速为200-300r/min下搅拌5-6min,接着调节pH值,制得有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S3中所述pH值为6-6.8。
7.一种根据权利要求5或6所述方法制备的有效灭活新型冠状病毒的消毒剂的使用方法,其特征在于,采用包括蒸馏水、纯净水、新鲜的凉开水中的一种或多种对消毒剂稀释至质量浓度不低于万分之二,然后通过雾化方式喷洒到空气中或喷洒到物体表面,即可有效灭活新型冠状病毒。
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