CN115357081B - An analog current output module and automatic control system - Google Patents
An analog current output module and automatic control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115357081B CN115357081B CN202211198539.3A CN202211198539A CN115357081B CN 115357081 B CN115357081 B CN 115357081B CN 202211198539 A CN202211198539 A CN 202211198539A CN 115357081 B CN115357081 B CN 115357081B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/561—Voltage to current converters
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Abstract
The application discloses an analog current output module and an automatic control system, which realize low power consumption of the analog current output module. The analog current output module comprises a multi-stage power rail module 100, a negative feedback sampling module 200 and a negative feedback control module 300, wherein the module 100 selectively outputs multiple paths of driving voltage sources with different voltage levels under the control of the module 300 to supply power to an external load RF, the module 200 comprises a sampling resistor RJ and a conversion module, the module 200 samples the output current I of the analog current output module through the sampling resistor RJ and converts the output current I into a voltage signal Vf through the conversion module to be fed back to the input end of the module 300, the input end of the module 300 receives a given voltage Vin and a feedback voltage Vf, the output end of the module 100 is connected with the control end of the module 100, and the driving voltage sources are switched step by step according to the deviation between the given voltage Vin and the feedback voltage Vf so as to reduce the deviation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an analog current output module and an automatic control system.
Background
The output current I of the analog current output module is adjustable, and is commonly used for driving and controlling the execution mechanism of the production site and public engineering, wherein the driving voltage is generally a fixed value, namely the sum of the internal voltage drop and the external load voltage drop of the analog current output module is a fixed value. If the external load impedance of the analog current output module is low and the required output current I is small (the output current I required by different external loads is preset), the internal voltage drop of the analog current output module is large, the power consumption is high, a large amount of electric energy is wasted, the internal temperature of the analog current output module is greatly increased, overheat failure of electronic components in the analog current output module is easily caused, and the reliability of the analog current output module is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an analog current output module and an automatic control system to achieve low power consumption of the analog current output module.
An analog current output module comprises a multi-stage power rail module 100, a negative feedback sampling module 200 and a negative feedback control module 300;
The multi-stage power rail module 100 is configured to selectively output multiple driving voltage sources with different voltage levels under the control of the negative feedback control module 300, and supply power to an external load RF of the analog current output module;
The negative feedback sampling module 200 samples the output current I of the analog current output module through the sampling resistor RJ, converts the sampling signal into a voltage signal Vf through the conversion module and feeds back the voltage signal Vf to the input end of the negative feedback control module 300;
The negative feedback control module 300 is used for controlling the multistage power supply rail module 100 to switch the driving voltage source step by step according to the deviation between the given voltage Vin and the feedback voltage Vf so as to reduce the deviation and enable the system to be stable.
Optionally, the multi-stage power rail module 100 comprises N N-type switching tubes M 1～Mn and N-1 anti-backflow diodes D 1～Dn-1, wherein N is more than or equal to 2;
The electric energy input end of the switching tube M j is connected with a driving voltage source V j through a backflow prevention diode D j, j=1, 2, and n-1;
the electric energy input end of the switching tube M n is connected with a driving voltage source V n;Vn＞…>V2＞V1;
the power output end of the switching tube M 1 is used as the output end of the multi-stage power rail module 100;
The power output end of the switching tube M i is connected with the power input end of the switching tube M i-1, i=2, 3, & gt, n;
The control terminals of the switching tubes M 1～Mn are connected together as the control terminals of the multi-stage power rail module 100.
Optionally, the negative feedback control module 300 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, and an operational amplifier U1A;
wherein, one end of the resistor R1 is the negative feedback control module 300 for receiving the given voltage Vin;
the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A;
one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, and the other end of the resistor R3 is used for receiving the feedback voltage Vf;
The output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with one end of a resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is the output end of the negative feedback control module 300.
Optionally, the negative feedback control module 300 further includes a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3;
one end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A;
the capacitor C3 is connected between the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A and the output end of the operational amplifier U1A.
Optionally, the conversion module in the negative feedback sampling module 200 includes a resistor RA, a resistor RB, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, an N-type switching tube M, and an operational amplifier U1B;
The output end of the multi-stage power rail module 100 is connected with one ends of a sampling resistor RJ and a resistor RA, the other end of the sampling resistor RJ is connected with one ends of an external load RL and a resistor R5, and the other end of the external load RL is grounded;
The other end of the resistor RA is connected with one end of a resistor R4 and the electric energy input end of an N-type switching tube M, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the in-phase input end of an operational amplifier U1B, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the anti-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1B, the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the control end of the switching tube M through a resistor R6, the electric energy output end of the switching tube M is connected with one end of a resistor RB and the input end of a negative feedback control module 300, and the other end of the resistor RB is grounded.
Optionally, the negative feedback sampling module 200 further comprises a capacitor C1;
The capacitor C1 is connected between the inverting input terminal of the op-amp U1A and the output terminal of the op-amp U1A.
Optionally, the analog current output module further comprises a buffer module;
The buffer module is connected with an external load RL in series to play a role in current limiting.
Optionally, the analog current output module further comprises a backflow prevention diode connected in series with the external load RL.
An automatic control system comprises any one of the analog current output modules disclosed above.
Optionally, the automatic control system is a distributed control system or a programmable logic controller.
According to the technical scheme, the multistage driving voltage source is arranged, after the analog current output module is connected with the external load RL, the driving voltage source is adaptively switched according to the required output current I based on the negative feedback control logic, particularly, when the required output current I is smaller, the smaller voltage Vin is given, the driving voltage source with a lower voltage level is switched based on the negative feedback control, so that the output current I is reduced, when the impedance of the external load RL is lower, the internal pressure drop of the analog current output module is larger, the power consumption is higher, when the required output current I is larger, the larger voltage Vin is given, the driving voltage source with a higher voltage level is switched based on the negative feedback control, and therefore the output current I is increased, and the analog current output module is ensured to have enough driving capability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of an analog current output module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the modules within the analog current output module of FIG. 1;
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of another analog current output module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For purposes of reference and clarity, technical terms, abbreviations or abbreviations used hereinafter are summarized as follows:
analog Output, analog Output;
distributed Control System, distributed control system;
programmable Logic Controller, programmable logic controller;
MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), metal Oxide semiconductor field effect transistor;
IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an analog current output module, which includes a multi-stage power rail module 100, a negative feedback sampling module 200, and a negative feedback control module 300;
The multi-stage power rail module 100 is configured to selectively output multiple driving voltage sources with different voltage levels under the control of the negative feedback control module 300, and supply power to an external load RL of the analog current output module;
The negative feedback sampling module 200 samples the output current I of the analog current output module through the sampling resistor RJ, converts the sampling signal into a voltage signal Vf through the conversion module and feeds back the voltage signal Vf to the input end of the negative feedback control module 300;
The negative feedback control module 300 is used for controlling the multistage power supply rail module 100 to switch the driving voltage source step by step according to the deviation between the given voltage Vin and the feedback voltage Vf so as to reduce the deviation and enable the system to be stable.
The working principle of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the analog current output module is also called a current type AO module, and is called an AO module for convenience in description. The driving voltage of the AO module is divided by the internal voltage adjusting tube of the AO module and the external load RL in series, and under the condition that the driving voltage of the AO module is fixed, if the impedance of the external load RL of the AO module is lower, the power consumption on the internal voltage adjusting tube of the AO module is higher.
In this regard, the embodiment of the invention sets the multi-stage driving voltage source, and after the AO module is connected with the external load RL, the driving voltage source is adaptively switched according to the required output current I of the AO module based on the negative feedback control logic, specifically, when the required output current I is smaller, the smaller voltage Vin is given, the driving voltage source with lower voltage level is switched based on the negative feedback control, so that the output current I is reduced, when the impedance of the external load RL is lower, the voltage drop on the voltage regulating tube inside the AO module is larger and the power consumption is higher is avoided, and when the required output current I is larger, the larger voltage Vin is given, the driving voltage source with higher voltage level is switched based on the negative feedback control, so that the output current I is increased, and the AO module is ensured to have enough driving capability.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the multi-stage power rail module 100 includes N-type switching transistors M 1～Mn (i.e., AO module internal voltage regulator tubes) and N-1 anti-reverse flow diodes D 1～Dn-1, n+.2 (only n=3 is taken as an example in fig. 2);
The electric energy input end of the switching tube M j is connected with a driving voltage source V j through a backflow prevention diode D j, j=1, 2, and n-1;
The electric energy input end of the switching tube M n is connected with a driving voltage source V n;Vn＞…>V2＞V1;Vn to represent both the driving voltage source and the output voltage of the driving voltage source, and the meaning of V n-1、…、V2、V1 and the like is also the same;
the power output end of the switching tube M 1 is used as the output end of the multi-stage power rail module 100;
The power output end of the switching tube M i is connected with the power input end of the switching tube M i-1, i=2, 3, & gt, n;
The control terminals of the switching tubes M 1～Mn are connected together as the control terminals of the multi-stage power rail module 100.
The operation principle of the multi-stage power rail module 100 is as follows:
Assuming that the output voltages (hereinafter simply referred to as threshold voltages) of the feedback control module 300 required for the switching transistors M 1, M 2, and M n to be turned on are V th1、Vth2、…、Vthn, respectively, the above-mentioned circuit topology of the multi-stage power rail module 100 may cause V thn>…>Vth2>Vth1. Because of V n>…>V2＞V1, when the output voltage of the negative feedback control module 300 changes, the n paths of driving voltage sources are adaptively switched to output the driving voltage source with the highest threshold voltage among the threshold voltages less than or equal to the output voltage of the negative feedback control module 300. For example, n=3 and V 3＝24V,V2＝15V,V1 =10v, when the output voltage of the negative feedback control module 300 is 16V, the driving voltage source V 2 is switched to output.
The multi-stage power rail module 100 is an n-stage power rail module, the more the number of stages n, the lower the internal power consumption of the AO module (the finer the distribution of the output voltage source, the smaller the internal voltage drop of the AO module, the lower the power consumption, because the output voltage of the finally matched driving voltage source is close to the external load voltage drop), and the smoother the change of the output current I when the driving voltage source is adaptively switched (the output end signal of the negative feedback control module 300 does not change suddenly and greatly instantaneously, so that the multi-stage power rail module 100 is also switched from the current driving voltage source output to the finally matched driving voltage source output step by step, the more the number of stages n, the smoother the output of the multi-stage power rail module 100), thereby reducing the adverse effect caused by the abrupt change of the output current I. However, the more the number of stages n, the higher the cost, so the size of the number of stages n needs to be selected according to actual needs in application.
Alternatively, the switching tube M 1～Mn in the multi-stage power rail module 100 may be a MOSFET or an IGBT, with a MOSFET being preferred for low cost reasons. When the switching tube is a MOSFET, the electric energy input end of the switching tube is the drain electrode of the MOSFET, the electric energy output end of the switching tube is the source electrode of the MOSFET, and the control end of the switching tube is the grid electrode of the MOSFET.
Optionally, based on any of the embodiments disclosed above, referring still to FIG. 2, the negative feedback control module 300 includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, and an op-amp U1A;
wherein, one end of the resistor R1 is the negative feedback control module 300 for receiving the given voltage Vin;
the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A;
one end of the resistor R3 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, and the other end of the resistor R3 is used for receiving the feedback voltage Vf;
The output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with one end of a resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is the output end of the negative feedback control module 300.
The negative feedback control module 300 operates as follows:
For an operational amplifier, the operational amplifier has "weak short" and "weak broken" characteristics when the operational amplifier is in deep negative feedback. The virtual short refers to the fact that the voltages of the non-inverting input end and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier are equal, and the virtual disconnection refers to the fact that the input currents of the non-inverting input end and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier are zero.
When the product of the external load RL of the AO module and the output current I is within the threshold, the op-amp U1A is in deep negative feedback, and as known from the "virtual off" characteristic of the op-amp U1A, no current flows through the resistor R1 and the resistor R3, so that there is no voltage drop across the resistor R1 and the resistor R3, the given voltage Vin is equal to the non-inverting input voltage of the op-amp U1A, and the feedback voltage Vf is equal to the inverting input voltage of the op-amp U1A.
When the required output current I is larger, the upper computer gives a larger voltage Vin, at this time, the voltage of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A becomes larger, so that the voltage of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is larger than the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, the output voltage of the operational amplifier U1A becomes larger, the multistage power rail module 100 is switched to higher voltage output, the output current I flowing through the external load RL and the sampling resistor RJ becomes larger, the feedback voltage Vf is further increased under the action of the negative feedback sampling module 200, the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is increased, then the operational amplifier U1A continues to perform output regulation according to the voltage of the non-inverting input end and the changed voltage of the inverting input end, so as to reduce the deviation between the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A and the voltage of the non-inverting input end (namely, the deviation between the given voltage Vin and the feedback voltage Vf is reduced), the system tends to be stable, and finally the deviation is stable in a range insufficient to cause the multistage power rail module 100 to switch the output voltage, the multistage power rail module 100 outputs with the most matched driving voltage source, and the stable output current meets the basic precision requirement.
Similarly, when the required output current I is smaller, the upper computer gives a smaller voltage Vin, at this time, the voltage of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A becomes smaller, so that the voltage of the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is smaller than the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, the output voltage of the operational amplifier U1A becomes smaller, the multi-stage power rail module 100 is switched to lower voltage output, the output current I flowing through the external load RL and the sampling resistor RJ becomes smaller, the feedback voltage Vf is reduced, the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A is reduced under the action of the negative feedback sampling module 200, then the operational amplifier U1A continues to perform output adjustment according to the voltage of the non-inverting input end and the voltage of the varied inverting input end, so as to reduce the deviation between the voltage of the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A (i.e. reduce the deviation between the given voltage Vin and the feedback voltage), the system tends to be stable, and finally the deviation is stable in a range which is not enough to cause the multi-stage power rail module 100 to switch the output voltage, and finally the multi-stage power rail module 100 outputs with the best matched voltage source.
Optionally, referring still to fig. 2, the negative feedback control module 300 may further include a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3, where one end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the op-amp U1A, and the capacitor C3 is connected between the inverting input end of the op-amp U1A and the output end of the op-amp U1A. The capacitor C2 is an operational amplifier feedforward capacitor and plays a role in regulating loop stability, and the capacitor C3 is an input voltage filtering capacitor and plays a role in stabilizing voltage so as to prevent the given input voltage Vin from shaking.
Optionally, referring still to FIG. 2, the conversion module in the negative feedback sampling module 200 includes resistors RA, RB, R4, R5, R6, N-type switching tube M, and op-amp U1B;
The output end of the multi-stage power rail module 100 is connected with one ends of a sampling resistor RJ and a resistor RA, the other end of the sampling resistor RJ is connected with one ends of an external load RL and a resistor R5, and the other end of the external load RL is grounded;
The other end of the resistor RA is connected with one end of a resistor R4 and the electric energy input end of an N-type switching tube M, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the in-phase input end of an operational amplifier U1B, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the anti-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1B, the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the control end of the switching tube M through a resistor R6, the electric energy output end of the switching tube M is connected with one end of a resistor RB and the input end of a negative feedback control module 300, and the other end of the resistor RB is grounded.
The negative feedback sampling module 200 operates according to the following principle:
When the product of the external load RL of the AO module and the output current I is within the threshold, the op-amp U1B is in deep negative feedback, according to the "virtual-off" characteristic of the op-amp U1B, no current flows through the resistor R4 and the resistor R5, so the voltages at both ends of the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are zero, and according to the "virtual-off" characteristic of the op-amp U1B, the voltage difference between the input end of the module 200 and the non-inverting input end of the op-amp U1B is equal to the voltage difference between the input end of the module 200 and the inverting input end of the op-amp U1B, so the voltage V RJ＝VRA is V RJ, which is the voltage at both ends of the sampling resistor RJ, and V RA is the voltage at both ends of the resistor RA.
The current flows through the resistor RA and the resistor RB only by one loop, so the current flowing through the resistor RA and the resistor RB must be equal, i.e. I RA＝IRB, so V RB＝VRA*RB/RA,VRB is the voltage across the resistor RB. Also due to V RJ＝VRA, V RB＝VRJ is RB/RA.
When the multi-stage power rail module 100 switches to a higher voltage output, the output current I flowing through the external load RL and the sampling resistor RJ becomes larger, the voltage V RJ across the sampling resistor RJ increases, and the voltage V RB across the resistor RB, that is, the feedback voltage Vf increases due to V RB＝VRJ. Thus, the magnitude change of the output current I is mapped to the feedback voltage Vf. The negative feedback control module 200 adjusts the voltage V RB at the two ends of the resistor RB according to the deviation between the given voltage Vin and the voltage V RB at the two ends of the resistor RB, that is, adjusts the actual output current I according to the deviation between the required output current I and the actual output current I.
Optionally, referring still to FIG. 2, the negative feedback sampling module 200 may further include a capacitor C1, where the capacitor C1 is connected between the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1A and the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1A. The capacitor C1 is an operational amplifier feedforward capacitor and plays a role in regulating loop stability.
Optionally, in any of the embodiments disclosed above, referring to fig. 3, the analog current output module may further include a buffer module, where the buffer module is connected in series with the external load RL and performs a current limiting function.
At the moment when the multistage power supply rail module 100 switches the output voltage, the output current I is not controlled when the whole feedback loop of the operational amplifiers U1A and U1B does not enter deep negative feedback, and the main function of the buffer module is to limit the output current I during the period so as to prevent the overcurrent damage of the external load RL. In one embodiment, the buffer module may use triode current limiting or an integrated current limiting chip, and is not limited.
Optionally, in any of the embodiments disclosed above, still referring to FIG. 3, the analog current output module may further comprise a reverse flow prevention diode in series with the external load RL.
In FIG. 3, the output currentIn circuit design, the currents flowing through RA, RB and M4 can be reduced by selecting larger resistors RA and RB, so that efficiency is improved to the greatest extent, and meanwhile heating and temperature drift of the negative feedback sampling module 200 are reduced. In addition, for RA, RB and RJ, high precision, low temperature drift resistors can be used to minimize errors caused by resistance mismatch and temperature drift.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also discloses an automatic control system which comprises any analog quantity current output module disclosed above.
Optionally, the analog current output module is DCS or PLC.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the automatic control system disclosed in the embodiment, the description is simpler because the automatic control system corresponds to the analog quantity current output module disclosed in the embodiment, and the relevant points are only needed to be described by referring to the analog quantity current output module.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between similar different objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative elements and steps are described above generally in terms of functionality in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
For system embodiments, the description is relatively simple as it corresponds substantially to method embodiments, and reference is made to the description of method embodiments for relevant points. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above-described methods in the embodiments may be accomplished by computer programs stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which when executed, may include the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random-access Memory (RandomAccess Memory, RAM), or the like.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Thus, the present embodiments are not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The analog current output module is characterized by comprising a multi-stage power rail module (100), a negative feedback sampling module (200) and a negative feedback control module (300);
The multi-stage power rail module (100) is used for selectively outputting multiple paths of driving voltage sources with different voltage levels under the control of the negative feedback control module (300) and supplying power to an external load (RF) of the analog current output module;
The negative feedback sampling module (200) comprises a sampling Resistor (RJ) and a conversion module, wherein the negative feedback sampling module (200) samples the output current (I) of the analog current output module through the sampling Resistor (RJ), converts a sampling signal into a voltage signal (Vf) through the conversion module and feeds back the voltage signal (Vf) to the input end of the negative feedback control module (300);
The negative feedback control module (300) is used for controlling the multistage power supply rail module (100) to switch the driving voltage source step by step according to the deviation between the given voltage (Vin) and the feedback voltage (Vf) so as to reduce the deviation and lead the system to be stable, wherein the magnitude of the given voltage is in direct proportion to the magnitude of the required output current.
2. The analog current output module according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage power rail module (100) comprises N N-type switching transistors M 1～Mn and N-1 anti-reverse-flowing diodes D 1～Dn-1, N is equal to or greater than 2;
The electric energy input end of the switching tube M j is connected with a driving voltage source V j through a backflow prevention diode D j, j=1, 2, and n-1;
the electric energy input end of the switching tube M n is connected with a driving voltage source V n;Vn＞…>V2＞V1;
The electric energy output end of the switching tube M 1 is used as the output end of the multi-stage power rail module (100);
The power output end of the switching tube M i is connected with the power input end of the switching tube M i-1, i=2, 3, & gt, n;
the control ends of the switching tubes M 1～Mn are connected together and serve as the control ends of the multi-stage power rail module (100).
3. The analog current output module according to claim 1, wherein the negative feedback control module (300) comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, and an operational amplifier U1A;
wherein, one end of the resistor R1 is the negative feedback control module 300 for receiving a given voltage (Vin);
the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A;
One end of the resistor R3 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A, and the other end of the resistor R3 is used for receiving feedback voltage (Vf);
The output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with one end of a resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is the output end of the negative feedback control module (300).
4. An analog current output module according to claim 3, wherein the negative feedback control module (300) further comprises a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3;
one end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A;
the capacitor C3 is connected between the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1A and the output end of the operational amplifier U1A.
5. The analog current output module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the conversion module in the negative feedback sampling module (200) comprises a resistor RA, a resistor RB, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, an N-type switching tube M, and an operational amplifier U1B;
the output end of the multistage power rail module (100) is connected with one ends of a sampling resistor RJ and a resistor RA, the other end of the sampling resistor RJ is connected with one ends of an external load RL and a resistor R5, and the other end of the external load RL is grounded;
The other end of the resistor RA is connected with one end of a resistor R4 and the electric energy input end of an N-type switching tube M, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the in-phase input end of an operational amplifier U1B, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the anti-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1B, the output end of the operational amplifier U1B is connected with the control end of the switching tube M through a resistor R6, the electric energy output end of the switching tube M is connected with one end of a resistor RB and the input end of a negative feedback control module (300), and the other end of the resistor RB is grounded.
6. The analog current output module according to claim 5, wherein the negative feedback sampling module (200) further comprises a capacitor C1;
The capacitor C1 is connected between the inverting input terminal of the op-amp U1A and the output terminal of the op-amp U1A.
7. The analog current output module according to claim 1, further comprising a buffer module;
The buffer module is connected with an external load RL in series to play a role in current limiting.
8. The analog current output module according to claim 1, further comprising a reverse flow preventing diode connected in series with the external load RL.
9. An automatic control system, comprising the analog current output module according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The analog quantity current output module of claim 9, wherein the automatic control system is a distributed control system or a programmable logic controller.
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