CN115338131A - Cross belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit and vegetable sorting, and provides a cross belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device and a method, wherein a rack is provided; the main chain conveying mechanism is arranged on the rack; the main chain conveying mechanism is symmetrically provided with two chains; two ends of the sorting mobile trolleys are respectively connected with the two chains on the main chain conveying mechanism; a conveying belt is arranged on the sorting moving trolley; the sorting receiving mechanism is arranged on the side surface of the rack and comprises a plurality of sorting receiving belts; the sorting receiving belt and the conveying belt are arranged in a crossed manner; the sorting travelling car is always in reciprocating motion along with the main chain, and compared with a free tray type sorting system, the sorting travelling car reduces a logistics system of trays.

Description

A cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit and vegetable sorting, in particular to a cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device and method.

Background technique

Fruit and vegetable sorting has gone through three stages, the first stage is the mechanization stage, the representative equipment of this stage is the weight classifier based on the principle of counterweight; the second stage is the electronic stage, that is, the introduction of electronic weighing, representing The equipment is an electronic weighing and grading machine; the third stage is the intelligent stage, which represents the equipment as an intelligent assembly line of the Internet of Things integrated with multiple modules such as machine vision + electronic weighing + non-destructive sugar content detection.

The inventor found that the existing fruit and vegetable sorting devices have the following problems. Most of the current applications are concentrated on fruits that are not afraid of bumps such as citrus, orange, grapefruit, tangerine, mandarin and lemon, but on apples, pears, peaches and Fruits that are not resistant to bumps, such as strawberries, are rarely used on them. Once these fruits are bumped, surface bumps will occur, which will affect the quality of the fruit. At present, there are relatively few application cases of sorting equipment for fruits that are not resistant to bumps, and the existing Most of the processing schemes and working methods have the disadvantages of high cost and large floor space; the core of the existing fruit and vegetable sorting methods including free trays is to place fruits and vegetables on free trays, and realize multiple inspections through the logistics of trays. means and realize the automatic grading of fruits and vegetables. The limitation of this method is that the tray is an object of automatic movement, and its logistics system occupies too much space and cost of the system; Pallets are transported through chains when they pass through various detection modules before grading. When entering the grading channel, the upper pallet is separated from the power chain and then transported by free pallets. The limitation of this method also lies in the logistics system of free pallets. Large area and high cost.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device and method. The sorting mobile trolley always reciprocates with the main chain. Compared with the free tray type sorting system, the logistics system of the tray is reduced; At the same time, the invention realizes online weighing, internal quality inspection, appearance quality inspection and sorting after all inspections of fruits and vegetables, and solves the problems of large floor space, complicated logistics and high cost of existing anti-collision fruit and vegetable sorting equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

A cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device, comprising:

frame;

The main chain conveying mechanism is arranged on the frame; the main chain conveying mechanism is symmetrically provided with two chains;

A plurality of sorting mobile trolleys, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the two chains on the main chain conveying mechanism; the sorting mobile trolleys are provided with conveying belts;

The sorting and receiving mechanism is arranged on the side of the frame, and the sorting and receiving mechanism includes a plurality of sorting and receiving belts; the sorting and receiving belts are intersected with the conveying belt.

Further, the main chain conveying mechanism includes a drive motor fixed on the frame, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, a first sprocket connected to the reducer, and a first sprocket connected to the first The second sprocket is connected to the sprocket through a chain; the second sprocket is fixed on the rotating shaft, and sprockets are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft, and a chain is arranged on the sprocket.

Further, a tensioning mechanism is fixed on the frame.

Further, the frame is provided with an internal quality detection mechanism; the internal quality detection mechanism is a near-infrared spectrum detection structure.

Further, the frame is provided with an external quality inspection mechanism; the external quality inspection mechanism includes a detection frame, the upper part of the detection frame is provided with an industrial camera, and the lower part of the interior is provided with a light source; A light-collecting device is provided; the light-collecting device is arranged in an arc-shaped structure.

Further, the multiple sorting mobile trolleys include a frame, and chain connecting plates are fixed at both ends of the frame; a plurality of sockets are opened on the chain connecting plates, and support pins are inserted into the sockets, and the One end of the support pin away from the jack is fixed to the chain;

The two ends of the frame are also provided with mobile trolley support wheels;

The conveyor belt is arranged on the frame, and the two ends of the lower side of the conveyor belt are fixed with sliding pins.

Further, the frame is also provided with a weighing mechanism; the weighing mechanism includes a base frame, two guide plates symmetrically arranged on the base frame, two scales symmetrically arranged on the base frame A heavy support plate and two lower support plates symmetrically arranged on the base frame; an electronic scale is fixed on the base frame, and the weighing support plate is connected to the electronic scale;

The jack is a vertically arranged long hole.

Further, fixed guide rods and sorting return guide rods are intersected on the frame; the fixed guide rods, the sorting return guide rods and the sliding pins are arranged on the same horizontal plane; the fixed guide The end of the rod far away from the sorting return guide rod is rotatably connected with a sorting movable guide rod; the end of the sorting movable guide rod far away from the fixed guide rod is chamfered.

Further, there are two conveyor belts, and the two conveyor belts are arranged in a V shape in the length direction;

Further, the conveyor belt includes two edge conveyor belts arranged in a V shape, and at least one horizontally arranged conveyor belt between the two edge conveyor belts;

Further, the conveyor belt includes a plurality of horizontally arranged conveyor belts.

In order to achieve the above object, in the second aspect, the present invention also provides a cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting method, which adopts the following technical scheme:

A cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting method, using the cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as described in the first aspect, comprising:

After the fruits and vegetables on the main chain conveying mechanism undergo internal inspection, external inspection and weighing, they are classified according to different inspection and weighing results, and the fruits and vegetables of different types are transported to the The corresponding sorting receiving belt on the sorting receiving mechanism.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. In the present invention, two chains are symmetrically arranged on the main chain conveying mechanism, and the two ends of a plurality of sorting mobile trolleys are respectively connected to the two chains to drive the sorting mobile trolleys to move. The conveying belt and the sorting receiving belt on the sorting receiving mechanism are arranged crosswise. During sorting, different types of fruits and vegetables are transported to the corresponding sorting receiving belt on the sorting receiving mechanism through the conveying belt on the sorting mobile trolley. On the belt; the sorting mobile trolley always reciprocates with the main chain, which reduces the logistics system of the pallet compared with the free pallet sorting system;

2. The invention realizes online weighing, internal quality inspection, appearance quality inspection and sorting after all inspections of fruits and vegetables, and solves the problems of large floor space, complicated logistics and high cost of existing anti-collision fruit and vegetable sorting equipment.

3. In the present invention, the socket on the chain connection plate is set as a long hole. When the sorting mobile trolley passes the weighing module, the weighing support plate will lift the support wheel, and the support pin will be lifted, that is, the support pin will be lifted. Move from point E to point F. At this time, only the support pin shaft is in contact with the side wall of the chain connecting plate on the entire sorting mobile trolley, and the chain connecting plate moves horizontally to the left, giving a horizontal thrust to the support pin shaft without vertical component force. To ensure accurate weighing;

4. In the present invention, sliding pins are fixed at both ends of the lower side of the conveying belt. By means of the rotation of the sorting movable guide plate, it is controlled whether the fixed guide plate acts on the sliding pin to realize the classification of fruits and vegetables, and then through the sorting return process The role of the guide plate is to reset the conveyor belt; the sliding pin is driven by the fixed guide plate, the sorting movable guide plate and the sorting return guide plate, so that the structure of driving the conveyor belt for fruit and vegetable sorting is simple.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this embodiment are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of this embodiment are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute an improper limitation to this embodiment.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the main chain conveying mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the first sorting mobile dolly of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the second sorting mobile dolly of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the third sorting mobile dolly of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal quality detection mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an external quality inspection mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the weighing mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the chain connecting plate and the support pin in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the sorting and receiving mechanism of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the fixed guide rod and the sorting movable guide rod in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Among them, 1. Main chain conveying mechanism; 101. Driving motor; 102. Sprocket; 103. Tension mechanism; 104. Chain; 2. Sorting mobile trolley; 201. Frame; 202. Conveying belt; 204, chain connecting plate; 205, support pin; 206, sliding pin; 3, internal quality inspection mechanism; 301, optical fiber receiving end; 302, halogen lamp; 4, external quality inspection mechanism; 401, industrial camera; 402. Light source; 403. Light collecting device; 5. Weighing mechanism; 501. Guide plate; 502. Weighing supporting plate; 503. Supporting plate behind weighing platform; . Fixed guide rod; 602. Sorting movable guide rod; 603. Sorting return guide rod; 604. Sorting receiving belt; 7. Feeding position; 8. Sorting and packaging position.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device, including a frame, a main chain conveying mechanism 1, a sorting mobile trolley 2, an internal quality testing mechanism 3, an external quality testing mechanism 4, a scale Heavy mechanism 5 and sorting receiving mechanism 6;

The main chain conveying mechanism 1 is arranged on the frame; the main chain conveying mechanism 1 is symmetrically provided with two chains 104;

The two ends of a plurality of sorting mobile trolleys 2 are respectively connected with two chains 104 on the main chain conveying mechanism 1; the sorting mobile trolley 2 is provided with a conveying belt 202;

The sorting receiving mechanism 6 is arranged on the side of the frame, and the sorting receiving mechanism 6 includes a plurality of sorting receiving belts 604; the sorting receiving belts 604 are arranged crosswise with the conveying belt 202;

The frame is provided with an internal quality inspection mechanism 3, an external quality inspection mechanism 4 and a weighing mechanism 5; specifically, the main chain conveying mechanism 1 drives a plurality of sorting mobile trolleys 2 on it to realize continuous rotary motion, Operators or other automatic feeding devices perform fruit and vegetable feeding operations at the feeding position 2, place the fruits and vegetables on the sorting mobile trolley 2, move with the sorting mobile trolley 2, and pass through the The internal quality detection mechanism 3, the external quality detection mechanism 4 and the weighing mechanism 5 complete data collection; it can be understood that in other embodiments, they are not limited to these detection mechanisms, and can be detected according to specific application scenarios Institutional increase or decrease. The data is transmitted to the control system, and after data analysis, the measurement data of the fruits and vegetables are determined, and then which channel needs to be assigned; the controller and data analysis are routine settings, such as by comparing with historical data and other analysis methods, which will not be repeated here. detail. When the fruits and vegetables move to the designated sorting passage, the conveying belt 202 on the sorting mobile trolley 2 carrying the fruits and vegetables rotates, and the corresponding sorting receiving belt 604 rotates at the same time, and the fruits and vegetables are transported from the sorting mobile trolley 2 to the sorting belt 202. On the receiving mechanism 6, the operators or other automatic packaging devices pack the fruits and vegetables into boxes. During this process, the conveying belt 202 on the sorting mobile trolley 2 and the sorting receiving belt 604 rotate at the same speed, which minimizes the wear and tear of the fruits and vegetables and realizes the protection of the fruits and vegetables. The device shown in Figure 1 is equipped with only one sorting receiving mechanism 6. In practical applications, the sorting receiving mechanism 6 can be increased according to the number of classifications, and the corresponding main chain conveying mechanism 1 should also be extended to reserve enough operating space. That's it.

As shown in Figure 2, the main chain conveying mechanism 1 includes a drive motor 101 fixed on the frame, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 101, and a first sprocket connected to the reducer And a second sprocket connected with the first sprocket through a chain; the second sprocket is fixed on the rotating shaft, and sprockets 102 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft, and chains are arranged on the sprocket 102 . Immediately, the speed reducer can change the direction of the output force, and the sprocket 102 at one end of the frame is connected with the drive motor 101 through a rotating shaft, a sprocket, a pulley and a conveyor belt; The other end of the sprocket 102 connected by the rotating shaft is not driven by the driving motor 101, and is used as a driven sprocket; the rotating shaft can be arranged on the frame through a bearing.

A tensioning mechanism 103 is fixed on the frame, and the tensioning mechanism 103 can adopt a gas spring automatic tensioning method, which can provide a larger tension force and a tension stroke to meet the transportation requirements of long chains, and can also The setting of the tensioning mechanism 103 is realized in other conventional ways.

As shown in Figure 6, the internal quality detection mechanism 3 can be a near-infrared spectrum detection structure; specifically, the internal quality detection mechanism 3 can adopt a diffuse reflection mode, the optical fiber receiving end 301 is arranged directly above the fruits and vegetables, and the halogen lamp 302 is arranged symmetrically above the fruits and vegetables to be detected. The near-infrared light emitted by the halogen lamp is irradiated on the fruits and vegetables, and is received by the optical fiber receiving end after reflection. This part of the light has carried information about the internal quality of the fruits and vegetables. The optical fiber receiving end 301 transmits the received spectral information to the control system, and after analysis, completes the detection of the internal quality of fruits and vegetables.

As shown in Figure 7, the external quality detection mechanism 4 includes a detection frame, a high-speed industrial camera 401 is arranged on the upper part inside the detection frame, and a light source 402 is arranged on the lower part inside; a light collecting device is arranged on the inner side of the frame 403: The light collection device 403 is arranged in an arc structure, combined with the arrangement of the light source 402, to ensure uniform brightness and no shadows in the entire image collection space, and improve image collection quality. When the fruits and vegetables move to the area with the sorting mobile trolley 2, the detection is triggered, and the detection signal is transmitted to the high-speed camera, which drives the camera to complete dynamic image acquisition, and then the image is transmitted to the control system for analysis to complete the external quality detection and analysis of fruits and vegetables.

The multiple sorting mobile trolleys 2 include a frame, and the two ends of the frame are fixed with chain connecting plates 204; the chain connecting plates 204 are provided with a plurality of jacks, and support pins 205 are inserted into the jacks, so that One end of the support pin shaft 205 away from the jack is fixed to the chain 102; the two ends of the frame are also provided with mobile trolley support wheels 203; the conveyor belt 202 is arranged on the frame, and the conveyor belt Two ends of the lower side of the 202 are fixed with sliding pins 206 .

As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the weighing mechanism includes a base frame, two guide plates 501 symmetrically arranged on the base frame 504, and two weighing support plates 502 symmetrically arranged on the base frame 504 And two lower support plates 503 behind the weighing platform symmetrically arranged on the base frame 504; an electronic scale is fixed on the base frame 504, and the weighing support plate 502 is connected with the electronic scale; the jack It is a vertically arranged long hole; the base frame 504 is arranged independently from the main chain conveying mechanism 1 to prevent the vibration of the conveying line from affecting the weighing accuracy. When the sorting mobile trolley 2 passes through the weighing module, the weighing support plate 502 lifts the support wheel 203, so that the support pin 205 moves from point E to point F. Since the jack on the chain connecting plate 204 adopts an oblong Hole design, now only the support pin shaft 205 is in contact with the side wall of the chain connecting plate 204 on the entire sorting mobile trolley, and the chain connecting plate 204 moves horizontally to the left, giving a horizontal thrust to the supporting pin shaft 205 without vertical component force, thereby Ensure accurate weighing.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, fixed guide rods 601 and sorting return guide rods 603 are intersected on the frame; the fixed guide rods 601, the sorting return guide rods 603 and the sliding pins 206 are arranged on the same horizontal plane; the fixed guide rod 601 is rotatably connected to the sorting movable guide rod 602 at one end away from the sorting return guide rod 603; the sorting movable guide rod 602 is far away from the One end is chamfered. Specifically, when the sorting mobile trolley 2 moves to the sorting position along the X direction, if the materials on the trolley need to be sorted to the receiving belt here, the sorting movable guide 602 is driving the electromagnet or other power Driven by the source, it swings from the H position to the G position. At this time, the sliding pin shaft 206 is blocked, and it will run along the guiding direction. According to the principle of the sorting mobile trolley, the sliding pin shaft 206 will drive the fruit and vegetable transportation when it moves. The belt 202 rotates to drive the fruits and vegetables to move along the L direction. At the same time, the sorting and receiving belt 604 will also rotate, so that the fruits and vegetables will move from the sorting mobile dolly 2 to the sorting and receiving belt 604, and the sorting is realized; when the sorting mobile dolly 2 When what arrives is not the target sorting position, then the sorting movable guide 602 does not act, and the sliding pin 206 runs along the X direction, and no sorting is performed. In addition, after all the sorting positions, a sorting return guide 603 is provided to guide the sliding pin shafts 206 on all the sorting mobile trolleys back to their initial positions to prepare for the next cycle of sorting operations.

As shown in Figure 3, the belts on both sides are V-shaped for small fruits. Specifically, there are two conveyor belts 202, and the two conveyor belts 202 are V-shaped in the horizontal direction. As shown in Figure 4, for large spherical fruit, the wide and narrow belts are combined to achieve a flat bottom and a V-shaped arrangement with a small angle on both sides; specifically, the conveyor belt 202 includes two edge conveyor belts arranged in a V shape, and At least one horizontally arranged conveyor belt between two edge conveyor belts. As shown in FIG. 5 , for long strips of fruits and vegetables, multiple belts are arranged in parallel; specifically, the conveying belt includes a plurality of horizontally arranged conveying belts. The difference between the three types of sorting mobile trolleys lies in the arrangement of the conveyor belts.

Compared with the free fruit tray sorting equipment, the fruit and vegetable sorting in this embodiment reduces the logistics system for pallet recovery, greatly reduces the equipment cost and floor space, and improves economic benefits; the sorting mobile trolley and drive The special floating connection design between the chains realizes high-precision online weighing; the fruit and vegetable support part adopts a soft belt design to realize flexible protection of fruits and vegetables; the overall scheme of the equipment adopts a modular design for easy expansion. The equipment is applied to the sorting needs of various fruits and vegetables. On the other hand, it is convenient to add detection modules and sorting channels to meet the individual needs of users.

Example 2:

This embodiment provides a cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting method, using the cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as described in Example 1, including:

The fruits and vegetables on the main chain conveying mechanism 1 are classified according to different detection and weighing results after internal detection, external detection and weighing, and different types of fruits and vegetables are passed through the conveyor belt on the sorting mobile trolley 2 respectively. 202 is transported to the corresponding sorting receiving belt 604 on the sorting receiving mechanism 6 .

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this embodiment, and are not intended to limit this embodiment. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes may be made to this embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this embodiment shall be included in the protection scope of this embodiment.

Claims (10)

1. A cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device, characterized in that, comprising: frame; The main chain conveying mechanism is arranged on the frame; the main chain conveying mechanism is symmetrically provided with two chains; A plurality of sorting mobile trolleys, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the two chains on the main chain conveying mechanism; the sorting mobile trolleys are provided with conveying belts; The sorting and receiving mechanism is arranged on the side of the frame, and the sorting and receiving mechanism includes a plurality of sorting and receiving belts; the sorting and receiving belts are intersected with the conveying belt. 2. A kind of cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the main chain conveying mechanism comprises a drive motor fixed on the frame, a drive motor connected to the output shaft of the drive motor Reducer, the first sprocket connected with the reducer and the second sprocket connected with the first sprocket through a chain; the second sprocket is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are symmetrically fixed with A sprocket, a chain is arranged on the sprocket. 3. A cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a tensioning mechanism is fixed on the frame. 4. A cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the frame is provided with an internal quality detection mechanism; the internal quality detection mechanism is a near-infrared spectrum detection structure. 5. A kind of cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, the frame is provided with an external quality detection mechanism; the external quality detection mechanism includes a detection frame, and the internal quality of the detection frame is The upper part of the frame is provided with an industrial camera, and the lower part of the interior is provided with a light source; a light collection device is provided on the inner side of the frame; the light collection device is arranged in an arc-shaped structure. 6. A kind of cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, said plurality of sorting mobile trolleys comprises a frame, and said frame two ends are fixed with chain connecting plates; said chain connecting plates A plurality of sockets are opened on the top, and support pins are inserted into the sockets, and the end of the support pins away from the sockets is fixed to the chain; The two ends of the frame are also provided with mobile trolley support wheels; The conveyor belt is arranged on the frame, and the two ends of the lower side of the conveyor belt are fixed with sliding pins. 7. A kind of cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, the frame is also provided with a weighing mechanism; the weighing mechanism includes a base frame, symmetrically arranged on the base Two guide plates on the frame, two weighing support plates symmetrically arranged on the base frame, and two lower weighing platform rear support plates symmetrically arranged on the base frame; the base frame is fixed with electronic scale, the weighing support plate is connected to the electronic scale; The jack is a vertically arranged long hole. 8. A kind of cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, fixed guide rods and sorting return guide rods are intersected on the frame; The selection return guide rod and the sliding pin are arranged on the same horizontal plane; the end of the fixed guide rod away from the sorting return guide rod is rotatably connected with a sorting movable guide rod; the sorting movable guide rod is far away from the One end of the fixed guide rod is chamfered. 9. A kind of cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, there are two conveyor belts, and the two conveyor belts are V-shaped in the horizontal direction; Alternatively, the conveyor belts include two edge conveyor belts arranged in a V shape, and at least one horizontally arranged conveyor belt between the two edge conveyor belts; Alternatively, the conveyor belt comprises a plurality of horizontally arranged conveyor belts. 10. A cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting method, characterized in that the cross-belt type fruit and vegetable sorting device according to any one of claims 1-9 is adopted, comprising: After the fruits and vegetables on the main chain conveying mechanism undergo internal inspection, external inspection and weighing, they are classified according to different inspection and weighing results, and the fruits and vegetables of different types are transported to the The corresponding sorting receiving belt on the sorting receiving mechanism.

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