Premixing type environment-friendly burner
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of combustion equipment, in particular to a premixed environment-friendly burner.
Background
With the advent of a large number of low nitrogen burners, the emissions of NOx were reduced with a varying degree of success, with the aim of reducing NOx production, with the aim of deliberately reducing the oxygen content required for combustion, resulting in poor flame rigidity, weakness of combustion, some flames floating at the bottom of the furnace, and even the appearance of large amounts of incomplete combustion products CO and also unburned alkanes.
At present, when the temperature of a hearth is low (400-600 ℃), CO in the flue gas exceeds standard, but with the continuous deep operation of energy conservation and emission reduction, the CO also needs to be controlled within a certain small range on the premise of reducing NOx so as to improve the fuel utilization rate and achieve the aims of energy conservation and consumption reduction of various enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a premixed environment-friendly burner, which utilizes a primary small-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun to spray to the end part of a burner block, burns the burner block to red, and the burner block has a high-temperature part of over 800 ℃ so as to stabilize the combustion flame of a secondary main-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
The utility model provides a premixed environment-friendly burner, includes combustor casing, pilot lamp, primary little load back-mixing formula premix spray gun, secondary main load back-mixing formula premix spray gun and burner block, combustor casing side is equipped with the air intake, combustor casing upper portion is equipped with the support brick board, the burner block is placed on the support brick board, primary little load back-mixing formula premix spray gun head is equipped with little back-mixing formula premix nozzle, little back-mixing formula premix nozzle and pilot lamp distribute in the burner block, secondary main load back-mixing formula premix spray gun head is equipped with main back-mixing formula premix nozzle, main back-mixing formula premix nozzle distributes outside the burner block, little back-mixing formula premix nozzle and main back-mixing formula premix nozzle bottom all are equipped with negative pressure region, and the suction part air mixes with fuel gas in advance.
Preferably, the primary small-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun comprises a small gas collecting pipe, a branch small gas pipe, a small-load spray head and a small back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle, and the secondary main-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun comprises a main gas collecting pipe, a branch main gas pipe, a main-load spray head and a main back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle.
Preferably, the burner block is a combustion channel area formed by a heat insulation brick arranged at the lower part and a flame path brick arranged at the upper part, the primary small-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun sequentially penetrates through the burner housing and the heat insulation brick from bottom to top and enters the flame path brick, the small back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle positioned at the head part is finally arranged in the flame path brick, the secondary main-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun sequentially penetrates through the burner housing and the heat insulation brick from bottom to top, the main back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle positioned at the head part extends out of the heat insulation brick, and the main back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle is distributed outside the flame path brick.
Preferably, the small back mixing type premixing nozzle is integrally cast and formed and comprises a first spray pipe, a first connecting block and a first fixing lug, wherein the first spray pipe and the first connecting block are arranged at an upper-lower interval, a first nozzle accommodating cavity is formed between the bottom of the first spray pipe and the first connecting block, two ends of the first spray pipe and two ends of the first connecting block are connected through the first fixing lug, a small-load nozzle enters the first nozzle accommodating cavity, a gap is reserved between the small-load nozzle and the first spray pipe, and combustion air enters the first spray pipe from the gap to be premixed with fuel gas.
Preferably, a first guide block is arranged at the top of the first spray pipe, and the first spray pipe sprays the fuel gas to the burner block through the guide of the first guide block.
Preferably, the main back-mix premix nozzle structure is the same as the small back-mix premix nozzle.
Preferably, the high-pressure fuel gas of 0.05MPa or more is injected from the small-load nozzle and the main-load nozzle at a high speed, a negative pressure region is formed around each nozzle, and part of air is sucked.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The stability is good, because the end part of the burner block forms a high-temperature area corresponding to the direction of the nozzle, the fuel gas is effectively and rapidly ignited and combusted (the common combustible gas methane with the self-ignition temperature of 645 ℃) and is the key point of stable combustion.
2. The existing cognitive NOx is mainly O2 in the air and N2 in the air at high temperature (1250 ℃ or above), and the ideal combustion flame temperature of normal combustible gas is about 2000 ℃, so that the NOx is unavoidable, and after the back mixing type premixing nozzle is adopted, the combustible gas is preferentially reacted with oxygen in the air to burn, so that the generation of the NOx can be greatly restrained.
3. The low CO short flame is that the normal furnace temperature is above 700 ℃, the CO content in the flue gas is close to 0 under the condition of a certain amount of peroxy, but under the condition that the furnace temperature is 400-600 ℃, the CO generation cannot be restrained by the conventional low-nitrogen burner structure, and after the back mixing type premixing nozzle is adopted, the fuel gas is fully mixed with the air in advance, so that the fuel gas is easier to burn, the periphery of the flame generates relatively higher temperature, the combustion of the fuel gas is accelerated, and the burning flame is relatively shorter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a bottom view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a small load head with a small back-mix premix nozzle.
Fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a main load head with a main back-mix premix nozzle.
Fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of the a direction of fig. 5.
The burner comprises a burner housing 1, an air inlet 1.1, a brick supporting plate 1.2, a pilot lamp 2, a primary small-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun 3, a small gas collecting tube 3.1, a branch small gas tube 3.2, a small-load spray nozzle 3.3, a small back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle 3.4, a first spray tube 3.4.1, a first connecting block 3.4.2, a first fixing lug 3.4.3, a first spray nozzle accommodating cavity 3.4.4, a first guide block 3.4.5, a secondary main-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun 4, a main gas collecting tube 4.1, a branch main gas tube 4.2, a main-load spray nozzle 4.3, a main back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle 4.4, a second spray tube 4.4.1, a second connecting block 4.2, a second fixing lug 4.4.3, a second guide block 4.5, a burner brick 5, a heat insulating brick 5.1 and a fire channel brick 5.2.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-6, the invention relates to a premixed environment-friendly burner, which comprises a burner shell 1, a pilot lamp 2, a primary small-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun 3, a secondary main-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun 4 and a burner block 5, wherein an air inlet 1.1 is arranged on the side surface of the burner shell, a brick supporting plate 1.2 is arranged at the upper part of the burner shell 1, the burner block 5 is arranged on the brick supporting plate 1.2, the pilot lamp 2, the primary small-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun 3 and the secondary main-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun 4 are arranged in the burner shell, the heads of the pilot lamp 2 and the primary small-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun 3 extend into the burner block, the pilot lamp is ignited firstly, then the primary small-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun 3 is ignited through flame of the pilot lamp, and the heads of the secondary main-load back-mixing type premixed spray gun 4 are arranged outside the burner block.
The primary small-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun 3 comprises a small gas collecting tube 3.1, branch small gas tubes 3.2, small-load spray heads 3.3 and small back-mixing type premixing spray nozzles 3.4, wherein the small gas collecting tube 3.1 is arranged below the burner housing 1, the small gas collecting tube 3.1 is connected with a plurality of branch small gas tubes 3.2, each branch small gas tube 3.2 is connected with the small-load spray heads 3.3, and the small-load spray heads 3.3 are connected with the small back-mixing type premixing spray nozzles 3.4.
The small back mixing type premixing nozzle 3.4 is formed by integral casting and comprises a first spray pipe 3.4.1, a first connecting block 3.4.2 and a first fixing lug 3.4.3, wherein the first spray pipe 3.4.1 and the first connecting block 3.4.2 are arranged at intervals up and down, a first nozzle accommodating cavity 3.4.4 is formed between the bottom of the first spray pipe 3.4.1 and the first connecting block 3.4.2, the two ends of the first spray pipe 3.4.1 and the first connecting block 3.4.2 are connected through the first fixing lug 3.4.3, the small-load spray nozzle 3.3 is connected with the first connecting block 3.4.2 in a threaded manner, the small-load spray nozzle 3.3 enters the first nozzle accommodating cavity 3.4.4, a gap is reserved between the small-load spray nozzle 3.3 and the first spray pipe 3.4.1, and combustion-supporting air enters the first spray pipe 3.4.1 from the gap to premix fuel gas.
The top of the first spray pipe 3.4.1 is provided with a first guide block 3.4.5, and the first spray pipe sprays the fuel gas to the burner block 5 through the guide of the first guide block 3.4.5.
The secondary main load back-mixing type premixing spray gun 4 comprises a main gas collecting tube 4.1, branch main gas tubes 4.2, main load spray heads 4.3 and main back-mixing type premixing spray nozzles 4.4, wherein the main gas collecting tube 4.1 is arranged below the burner housing 1, the main gas collecting tube 4.1 is connected with a plurality of branch main gas tubes 4.2, each branch main gas tube 4.2 is connected with the main load spray heads 4.3, and the main load spray heads 4.3 are connected with the main back-mixing type premixing spray nozzles 4.4. The main back mixing type premixing nozzle 4.4 is formed by integral casting, the structure of the main back mixing type premixing nozzle is the same as that of the small back mixing type premixing nozzle 3.4, the main back mixing type premixing nozzle comprises a second spray pipe 4.4.1, a second connecting block 4.4.2 and a second fixing lug 4.4.3, the second spray pipe 4.4.1 and the second connecting block 4.4.2 are arranged at intervals up and down, a second spray nozzle accommodating cavity 4.4.4 is formed between the bottom of the second spray pipe 4.1 and the second connecting block 4.4.2, the two ends of the second spray pipe 4.4.1 and the two ends of the second connecting block 4.4.2 are connected through a second fixing lug 4.4.3, a branch main air pipe 4.2 is inserted into a jack of the second connecting block 4.4.2 and then enters the second spray nozzle accommodating cavity 4.4.4, a main load spray nozzle 4.3 is screwed into the second spray nozzle accommodating cavity 4.4.4, a gap is reserved between the main load spray pipe 4.3 and the second spray pipe 4.4.1, and the second spray pipe 4.1 enters the second spray pipe 4.1 from the gap.
The top of the second spray pipe 4.4.1 is provided with a second guide block 4.4.5, and the second spray pipe sprays the fuel gas to the burner block 5 through the guide of the second guide block 4.4.5.
The burner block 5 forms a combustion passage area by a heat insulation block 5.1 arranged at the lower part and a flame path block 5.2 arranged at the upper part.
The primary small-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun 3 sequentially penetrates through the burner housing 1 and the heat insulation brick 5.1 from bottom to top to enter the flame path brick 5.2, the small back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle 3.4 of the primary small-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun 3 positioned at the head is finally arranged in the flame path brick 5.2, the secondary main-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun 4 sequentially penetrates through the burner housing 1 and the heat insulation brick 5.1 from bottom to top, the main back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle 4.4 positioned at the head extends out of the heat insulation brick 5.1, and the main back-mixing type premixing spray nozzle 4.4 is distributed outside the flame path brick 5.2.
High-pressure fuel gas with the pressure of more than 0.05MPa is sprayed from the small load spray head 3.3 and the main load spray head 4.3 at a high speed, so that negative pressure areas are formed around the spray heads, partial air (or flue gas) is sucked, the flue gas with the low relative oxygen content around the small back-mixing type premixing nozzle 3.4 and the main back-mixing type premixing nozzle 4.4 is driven to enter and be mixed with the fuel gas, the fuel gas is fully mixed with the air, the fuel gas is accelerated to burn faster, limited oxygen and inflammable gas molecules are ensured to be combined and burned under the theory of coupling thick-thin combustion of the back-mixing type premixing nozzle, and the generation of combustion NOx and CO is reduced.
The load of the primary small-load back-mixing type premixing spray gun is only 5-10% of the normal load, premixed fuel gas and air are mainly sprayed from a back-mixing type premixing nozzle for combustion, the end part of a refractory brick is sprayed for combustion according to design requirements, the burner brick is burned red, the burner brick has a temperature part exceeding 800 ℃, and the fuel gas can be effectively ignited for combustion at the high temperature.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and all technical solutions that are formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.