CN115325081A - A magnetorheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization rate and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetorheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization and its application, comprising a piston rod, an upper end cover, a cylinder, a multi-channel piston, a base, a return spring and a floating piston, wherein the upper and lower ends of the cylinder are respectively An upper end cover and a base are provided, a multi-channel piston is arranged in the cylinder, a piston rod is connected to the top of the multi-channel piston, and the part of the piston rod in the cylinder body is sequentially provided with a floating piston and a return spring from bottom to top; the multi-channel piston includes Piston assembly 1, piston assembly 2, piston assembly 3, piston assembly 4, piston assembly 5 and piston assembly 6, the outer side of piston assembly 3 is provided with an excitation coil, the outer side of the excitation coil is provided with a magnetic isolation collar, the upper side of the magnetic isolation collar and the The lower side is provided with a magnet attracting collar. The invention improves the utilization rate of the magnetic field, enlarges the output damping force and the dynamic adjustable range, and can perform self-adaptive adjustment of the hydraulic support roof beam in different inclination angle working conditions according to the roadway roof conditions, so as to realize effective support.

Description

A magnetorheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization and its application

technical field

The invention relates to a magnetorheological damper based on a high magnetic field utilization rate and an application thereof, belonging to the technical field of magnetorheological dampers.

Background technique

The magnetorheological damper is an energy-absorbing and vibration-reducing device installed on mechanical equipment. It is widely used in the automotive industry, aerospace, mining machinery, military equipment, structural construction and other fields. The magnetorheological damper can reduce the The impact force suffered by shock or vibration increases the reliability, safety and service life of the equipment.

Most of the existing magneto-rheological dampers are ordinary magneto-rheological dampers with annular flow channels. Since the coil must be wound on the piston, there is no magnetic field passing through the groove vertically, so the utilization rate of the magnetic field is low, generally at 50 %, the damping force of the magnetorheological damper depends on the length of the damping channel under the action of the magnetic field, so the lower utilization of the magnetic field results in a smaller output damping force of the magnetorheological damper, and a correspondingly smaller dynamic adjustable range.

Generally, the condition of the roof of the underground roadway is poor, and the roof beam of the traditional hydraulic support cannot be adjusted adaptively according to the roof condition of the roadway. Due to the small influence of the output damping force, multiple magneto-rheological dampers need to be installed, making the structure complex and the control difficulty increased. Therefore, the present invention is proposed.

Chinese patent document CN108930753A discloses a double-coil magneto-rheological damper with multi-stage axial fluid flow damping channels, which is mainly composed of a piston rod, an end cover, a cylinder body, an excitation coil, a magnetic conducting ring, a magnetic isolating ring and an inner sleeve cylinder etc. Between the inner sleeve and the left magnetic ring, between the inner sleeve and the left end cover, between the inner sleeve and the right magnetic ring, and between the inner sleeve and the right end cover respectively form the first section, the second section, and the second section. Sections III and IV are axial liquid flow damping passages. When the current is applied to the left and right excitation coils respectively, a certain magnitude of magnetic field will be generated in the four sections of axial fluid flow damping channels, and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the four sections of axial fluid flow damping channels will increase, and the yield stress Enhanced, thereby forming a pressure difference between chamber II and chamber III of the magneto-rheological damper. The damper increases the damping force adjustment range by adding multiple sections of axial liquid flow damping channels, but there is no magnetic field passing through the radial flow channel position, and the magnetic field utilization rate is still relatively low.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a magnetorheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization rate, which improves the magnetic field utilization rate, increases the output damping force and the dynamic adjustable range, and when applied to the top beam of the hydraulic support, According to roadway roof conditions, the adaptive adjustment of the hydraulic support roof beam under different inclination angle conditions can be carried out to achieve effective support.

The present invention also provides the application of the magnetorheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization rate.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A magnetorheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization, including a piston rod, an upper end cover, a cylinder, a multi-channel piston, a base, a return spring and a floating piston, wherein,

The upper end and the lower end of the cylinder are respectively provided with an upper end cover and a base, and a multi-channel piston is arranged in the cylinder, and a bow-shaped damping channel is arranged in the multi-channel piston. Compared with the traditional method, the bow-shaped damping channel of the present invention has been improved. Both the direction and the axial direction are designed to increase the length of the damping channel. The top of the multi-channel piston is connected to the piston rod, and the part of the piston rod in the cylinder is provided with a floating piston and a return spring in sequence from bottom to top;

The multi-channel piston includes piston assembly 1, piston assembly 2, piston assembly 3, excitation coil, piston assembly 4, magnetic attracting collar, magnetic isolation collar, piston assembly 5 and piston assembly 6, and the piston rod passes through piston assembly 1, piston assembly 1 and piston assembly 4. Piston assembly 3 is threaded behind assembly 2. Piston assembly 4, piston assembly 5, and piston assembly 6 are sequentially fixed to the bottom of piston assembly 3 by fixing bolts. An excitation coil is arranged on the outside of piston assembly 3, and a magnetic isolation collar is arranged on the outside of the excitation coil. , the upper side and the lower side of the magnetic isolation collar are provided with magnetic attraction collars.

Further preferably, the magnetically attracting collar is made of 45# carbon steel, which has good magnetic permeability; the magnetically isolated collar is made of 304 stainless steel, which has better magnetically isolated performance.

Preferably, piston assembly 1 and piston assembly 6 have the same shape, and are cylinders with a ring groove in the center, and an annular flow channel is evenly arranged outside the ring groove. Piston assembly 5 is centered with a raised cylinder, piston assembly 2 and piston assembly 5 are uniformly provided with annular flow passages, piston assembly 3 is in the shape of a stepped shaft, piston assembly 4 is a cylinder, and the piston assembly has three diameters The diameter of end and piston assembly 4 is the same, the diameter of piston assembly 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of piston assembly 2, the gap between piston assembly 1, piston assembly 2, piston assembly 3, piston assembly 4, piston assembly 5 and piston assembly 6 is the same as the annular flow channel Form a bow-shaped damping channel.

Further preferably, piston assembly 1, piston assembly 2, and piston assembly 6 have the same diameter, and piston assembly 5 has the same inner diameter as piston assembly 2.

Preferably, the annular flow passage provided on the outside of piston assembly 1 and piston assembly 6, the annular flow passage provided on the inside of piston assembly 2 and piston assembly 5, and piston assembly 1, piston assembly 2, piston assembly 3, piston assembly 4, and piston assembly 5 It is consistent with the width of the gap between the six piston assemblies, so that the overall width of the damping channel is consistent.

Preferably, the bottom of the piston assembly three is provided with a winding groove, and an excitation coil is arranged in the winding groove, and the excitation coil is fixed by pressing the piston assembly four onto the piston assembly three.

The application of the magnetorheological damper based on the high magnetic field utilization rate in the adaptive adjustment of the top beam of the hydraulic support is as follows:

(1) The magnetorheological dampers are arranged in a rectangular arrangement between the top beam upper plate and the top beam lower plate of the hydraulic support, and the magnetorheological dampers are energized;

(2) The condition of the roof of the underground roadway is poor, and the horizontal support of the top beam of the hydraulic support cannot be realized. When the hydraulic support is raised, the magnetorheological damper on the upper plate part of the roof beam at the top of the roadway is the first to be stressed;

(3) The piston rod of the magnetorheological damper moves down, the extrusion pressure of the lower cavity of the multi-channel piston becomes larger, and the space of the upper cavity of the multi-channel piston becomes larger and the pressure becomes smaller. Affected by the pressure difference, the magnetorheological The liquid flows from the high-pressure chamber to the low-pressure chamber through the damping channel, and the magnetic field passes through the axial damping channel and the radial damping channel vertically;

(4) The magnetorheological fluid has a magnetorheological effect under the action of a magnetic field, and the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid increases, and the magnetorheological damper outputs a damping force to support the upper plate of the roof beam, so that the roof beam adapts to the roof of the roadway uneven.

Preferably, in step (1), the number of magnetorheological dampers is at least four.

Working principle: The entire chamber below the floating piston is filled with magnetorheological fluid. When buffering, the magnetorheological fluid flows from the lower chamber of the multi-channel piston through the damping channel into the upper chamber. Due to the magnetorheological effect, it will flow through the damping channel. Larger damping force is generated to buffer and absorb energy. The output damping force of the magnetorheological damper depends on the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid and the length of the damping channel where the magnetorheological effect occurs. The damping channel of the present invention is set to The annular flow channel not only increases the length of the damping channel but also increases the utilization rate of the magnetic field. Therefore, when subjected to shock or vibration, the damping force output by the magneto-rheological damper is greater, and due to its viscous damping when no current flows The influence of the force is small, and the Coulomb damping force when the current is passed is greatly improved, so the dynamic adjustable range of the magneto-rheological damper will also be improved.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention improves the utilization rate of the magnetic field, increases the output damping force and the dynamic adjustable range, and when it is applied to the roof beam of the hydraulic support, it can perform self-adaptive adjustment of different inclination angles of the roof beam according to the conditions of the roadway roof to realize effective support.

2. The invention innovatively designs the piston of the magneto-rheological damper, and adds multi-stage radial channels at the upper and lower positions of the piston. Compared with ordinary valve-type magneto-rheological dampers, the length of the damping channel is greatly increased, and the excitation coil produces The magnetic circuit of the magnetic circuit will pass through most of the damping channels vertically. Compared with the magneto-rheological damper of the traditional structure, the magnetic field utilization rate of the damping channel is greatly improved, so that the output damping force of the magnetorheological damper is greatly improved, and the dynamic adjustable range It has also been improved, greatly improving the performance of magneto-rheological dampers.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the multi-channel piston of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the application structure of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a two-dimensional axisymmetric magnetic field simulation diagram at the multi-channel piston of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a simulation diagram of the two-dimensional axisymmetric magnetic field at the piston of the ordinary shear valve magneto-rheological damper

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a damping channel of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the piston assembly;

Figure 8 is a front view of the piston assembly;

Figure 9 is a side view of the piston assembly;

Figure 10 is a two-dimensional view of the piston assembly;

Figure 11 is a top view of the piston assembly two;

Figure 12 is a second sectional view of the piston assembly;

Figure 13 is a three-dimensional view of the piston assembly;

Figure 14 is three front views of the piston assembly;

Figure 15 is a three top view of the piston assembly;

Figure 16 is a four-dimensional view of the piston assembly;

Figure 17 is four front views of the piston assembly;

Figure 18 is a top view of the piston assembly;

Figure 19 is a five-dimensional view of the piston assembly;

Figure 20 is a front view of the piston assembly five;

Figure 21 is a top view of the piston assembly five;

Figure 22 is a six-dimensional view of the piston assembly;

Figure 23 is a front view of six piston assemblies;

Figure 24 is a top view of the piston assembly six;

In the figure: 1. Piston rod, 2. Upper end cover, 3. Cylinder body, 4. Multi-channel piston, 5. Base, 6. Return spring, 7. Floating piston, 8. Top beam upper plate, 9. Magneto-rheological Damper, 10. Top beam lower plate, 11. Hydraulic column,

41. Piston assembly one, 42. Piston assembly two, 43. Piston assembly three, 44. Excitation coil, 45. Piston assembly four, 46. Fixing bolt, 47. Magnetic attraction collar, 48. Magnetic isolation collar, 49, Piston assembly five, 410, piston assembly six.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below through the embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but not limited thereto.

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1-3, this embodiment provides a magnetorheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization, including a piston rod 1, an upper end cover 2, a cylinder body 3, a multi-channel piston 4, a base 5, and a return spring 6 and floating piston 7, where,

The upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body 3 are respectively provided with an upper end cover 2 and a base 5, and a multi-channel piston 4 is arranged in the cylinder body 3, and a bow-shaped damping channel is arranged in the multi-channel piston. Compared with the traditional method, the bow-shaped damping channel of the present invention is Improvements have been made, both in the radial direction and in the axial direction, and the length of the damping channel has been increased. The top of the multi-channel piston 4 is connected to the piston rod 1, and the part of the piston rod 1 in the cylinder body 3 is arranged sequentially from bottom to top. Floating piston 7 and return spring 6;

Multi-channel piston 4 includes piston assembly one 41, piston assembly two 42, piston assembly three 43, excitation coil 44, piston assembly four 45, magnetic attracting collar 47, magnetic isolation collar 48, piston assembly five 49 and piston assembly six 410 , the piston rod 1 passes through the first piston assembly 41, the second piston assembly 42, and is threadedly connected with the third piston assembly 43, and passes through and fixes the first piston assembly 41, the second piston assembly 42 and the third piston assembly 43 through the bottom of the piston rod, and the bottom of the third piston assembly 43 Piston assembly 4 45, piston assembly 5 49 and piston assembly 6 410 are fixed in turn by fixing bolt 46, and the outside of piston assembly 3 43 is provided with excitation coil 44, and the outside of excitation coil 44 is provided with magnetic isolation collar 48, magnetic isolation collar 48 Both the upper side and the lower side are provided with magnetic attracting collars 47 .

Piston assembly 1 41 and piston assembly 6 410 have the same shape. They are cylinders with a ring groove in the center, and an annular flow channel is uniformly arranged outside the ring groove. Piston assembly 2 42 is a hollow cylinder with one end open. From the beginning, piston assembly five 49 is centered with a raised cylinder, piston assembly two 42 and piston assembly five 49 are evenly provided with annular flow passages, piston assembly three 43 is a stepped shaft, and piston assembly four 45 is a cylinder. The three diameter ends of the piston assembly are the same as the diameters of the piston assembly four, the diameter of the piston assembly four 45 is smaller than the inner diameter of the piston assembly two 42, the piston assembly one 41, the piston assembly two 42, the piston assembly three 43, the piston assembly four 45, the piston assembly five 49 and The gap between the piston assembly six 410 and the annular flow channel together form a bow-shaped damping channel, and the overall stability can be maintained by setting pillars in the annular flow channel.

The annular flow channel arranged on the outside of piston assembly 1 41 and piston assembly 6 410, the annular flow passage provided on the inside of piston assembly 2 42 and piston assembly 5 49, and piston assembly 1 41, piston assembly 2 42, piston assembly 3 43, and piston assembly 4 45. The width of the gap between the fifth piston assembly 49 and the sixth piston assembly 410 is the same, so that the overall width of the damping channel is kept the same. The damping channel is shown in FIG. 6 .

The bottom of the piston assembly three 43 is provided with a winding groove, and the excitation coil 44 is arranged in the winding groove, and the excitation coil 44 is fixed by pressing the piston assembly four 45 onto the piston assembly three 43 .

The application of the magnetorheological damper based on the high magnetic field utilization rate in the adaptive adjustment of the top beam of the hydraulic support is as follows:

(1) The magnetorheological dampers 9 are arranged in a rectangular arrangement between the top beam upper plate 8 and the top beam lower plate 10 of the hydraulic support, and the magnetorheological dampers 9 are energized;

(2) The condition of the roof of the underground roadway is poor, and the horizontal support of the roof beam of the hydraulic support cannot be realized. When the hydraulic support is raised, the magnetorheological damper on the upper plate of the roof beam that first contacts the roof of the roadway is stressed;

(3) The piston rod of the magnetorheological damper moves down, the extrusion pressure of the lower cavity of the multi-channel piston becomes larger, and the space of the upper cavity of the multi-channel piston becomes larger and the pressure becomes smaller. Affected by the pressure difference, the magnetorheological The liquid flows from the high-pressure chamber to the low-pressure chamber through the damping channel, and the magnetic field passes through the axial damping channel and the radial damping channel vertically;

(4) The magnetorheological fluid has a magnetorheological effect under the action of a magnetic field, and the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid increases, and the magnetorheological damper outputs a damping force to support the upper plate of the roof beam, so that the roof beam adapts to the roof of the roadway uneven.

In step (1), the minimum number of magnetorheological dampers is four.

Working principle: The entire chamber below the floating piston is filled with magnetorheological fluid. When buffering, the magnetorheological fluid flows from the lower chamber of the multi-channel piston through the damping channel into the upper chamber. Due to the magnetorheological effect, it will flow through the damping channel. Larger damping force is generated to buffer and absorb energy. The output damping force of the magnetorheological damper depends on the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid and the length of the damping channel where the magnetorheological effect occurs. The damping channel of the present invention is set to The annular flow channel not only increases the length of the damping channel but also increases the utilization rate of the magnetic field. Therefore, when subjected to shock or vibration, the damping force output by the magneto-rheological damper is greater, and due to its viscous damping when no current flows The influence of the force is small, and the Coulomb damping force when the current is passed is greatly improved, so the dynamic adjustable range of the magneto-rheological damper will also be improved.

Under the premise of ensuring that the main structural parameters are the same (piston diameter, piston stroke, damping gap height), the simulation of embodiment 1 and the ordinary shear valve type magneto-rheological damper is carried out. The simulation comparison table of the variable damper is shown in Table 1. According to the simulation results of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the magneto-rheological damper of embodiment 1 not only increases the effective damping length, but also greatly improves the utilization rate of the magnetic field. The magnetorheological dampers are installed in groups on the top beam of the hydraulic support, which can not only realize the self-adaptive adjustment of the tilt attitude of the top beam during normal operation to cope with the roof of the roadway under different conditions, but also play a role in preventing the impact of ground pressure. The role of energy absorption.

Table 1: Simulation comparison table between Example 1 and ordinary shear valve magneto-rheological damper

Novel magnetorheological damper Ordinary shear valve magnetorheological damper Damping channel length 67mm 55mm Effective damping length 64mm 40mm Magnetic Field Utilization 95.5% 72.7%

Example 2:

A magneto-rheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization rate, the structure is as described in Embodiment 1, the difference is that the magnetic induction collar 47 is made of 45# carbon steel, which has good magnetic permeability; the magnetic isolation collar 48 is made of 304 stainless steel, good magnetic isolation performance.

Example 3:

A magneto-rheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization rate, the structure is as described in Embodiment 1, the difference is that the diameters of piston assembly 1 41, piston assembly 2 42 and piston assembly 6 410 are the same, and the diameter of piston assembly 5 49 and The inner diameters of piston assembly two 42 are the same.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A magneto-rheological damper based on high magnetic field utilization rate is characterized by comprising a piston rod, an upper end cover, a cylinder body, a multi-channel piston, a base, a return spring and a floating piston, wherein,

the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body are respectively provided with an upper end cover and a base, a multi-channel piston is arranged in the cylinder body, a bow-shaped damping channel is arranged in the multi-channel piston, the top of the multi-channel piston is connected with a piston rod, and the part of the piston rod in the cylinder body is sequentially provided with a floating piston and a return spring from bottom to top;

the multichannel piston includes piston assembly one, piston assembly two, piston assembly three, excitation coil, piston assembly four, draw the magnetism lantern ring, separate the magnetism lantern ring, piston assembly five and piston assembly six, the piston rod passes piston assembly one, threaded connection has piston assembly three behind the piston assembly two, three bottoms of piston assembly are fixed with piston assembly four in proper order, piston assembly five and piston assembly six, three outsides of piston assembly are provided with excitation coil, the excitation coil outside is provided with separates the magnetism lantern ring, it all is provided with and draws the magnetism lantern ring to separate magnetism lantern ring upside and downside.

2. The magnetorheological damper based on the high magnetic field utilization rate of claim 1, wherein the magnetic attracting collar is made of No. 45 carbon steel, and the magnetic isolating collar is made of 304 stainless steel.

3. The magnetorheological damper based on the high magnetic field utilization rate as recited in claim 1, wherein the first piston assembly and the sixth piston assembly are in the same shape and are cylinders with ring grooves in the centers, the outer sides of the ring grooves are uniformly provided with annular flow channels, the second piston assembly is a hollow cylinder with an opening at one end, the center of the bottom surface of the hollow cylinder is provided with a bulge, the fifth piston assembly is a cylinder with a bulge in the center, annular flow channels are uniformly arranged on the inner sides of the second piston assembly and the fifth piston assembly, the third piston assembly is in a stepped shaft shape, the fourth piston assembly is a cylinder, the large diameter end of the third piston assembly is the same as the diameter of the fourth piston assembly, the diameter of the fourth piston assembly is smaller than the inner diameter of the second piston assembly, and gaps among the first piston assembly, the second piston assembly, the third piston assembly, the fourth piston assembly, the fifth piston assembly and the sixth piston assembly and the annular flow channels jointly form a bow-shaped damping channel.

4. The high field utilization based magnetorheological damper of claim 3, wherein the first piston assembly, the second piston assembly, and the sixth piston assembly have the same diameter, and wherein the fifth piston assembly has the same diameter as the second piston assembly.

5. The high field utilization based magnetorheological damper of claim 3, wherein the annular flow passages on the outer sides of the first piston assembly and the sixth piston assembly, the annular flow passages on the inner sides of the second piston assembly and the fifth piston assembly are the same as the widths of the gaps between the first piston assembly, the second piston assembly, the third piston assembly, the fourth piston assembly, the fifth piston assembly and the sixth piston assembly.

6. The high field utilization based magnetorheological damper of claim 3, wherein the piston assembly has three bottom portions with winding slots with the magnet coils disposed therein.

7. The application of the magnetorheological damper based on the high magnetic field utilization rate in the self-adaptive adjustment of the top beam of the hydraulic support according to any one of claims 3 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) Arranging the magnetorheological dampers in a rectangular shape between a top beam upper plate and a top beam lower plate of the hydraulic support, and electrifying the magnetorheological dampers;

(2) When the hydraulic support is lifted, the magnetorheological damper firstly contacts the upper plate part of the top beam at the top of the roadway and is stressed;

(3) The piston rod of the magnetorheological damper moves downwards, the cavity at the lower side of the multichannel piston is increased by extrusion pressure, the space of the cavity at the upper side of the multichannel piston is increased and the pressure is reduced under the influence of pressure difference, the magnetorheological fluid flows through the damping channel and flows into the low-pressure cavity from the high-pressure cavity, and magnetic fields vertically penetrate through the axial damping channel and the radial damping channel;

(4) The magnetorheological fluid generates a magnetorheological effect under the action of a magnetic field, the shear yield strength of the magnetorheological fluid is increased, and the magnetorheological damper outputs damping force to support the top plate of the top beam, so that the top of the top beam is adaptive to the unevenness of the top plate of the roadway.

8. The use of high magnetic field utilization based magnetorheological dampers in hydraulic support top beam adaptive adjustment according to claim 7, wherein in step (1), the number of the magnetorheological dampers is at least 4.

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