CN115324819A - Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel and wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a Magnus-type vertical axis wind wheel and a wind turbine, belonging to the technical field of wind driving equipment. The wind wheel comprises a wind wheel frame, a rotating shaft, a cylindrical rotor and a windshield, and the two cylindrical rotors are driven by driving components It is arranged at both ends of the wind wheel frame, and the two wind shields are correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the two cylindrical rotors. The middle part of the wind shield is rotated and matched with the wind wheel frame. The magnitude of the Gnus force; the rotor frame is fixed on the shaft. The Magnus force is controlled by the wind deflector. When the upwind side cylindrical rotor pushes the rotor to rotate, the Magnus force is basically unaffected. When the downwind side cylindrical rotor suppresses the rotation of the wind rotor, the Magnus force decreases Sli, in order to realize the rotation of the wind wheel. The invention can realize the smooth rotation of the rotor of the vertical axis wind turbine, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine.

Description

Magnus Vertical Axis Wind Wheel and Wind Turbine

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power driving equipment, and in particular relates to a Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel and a wind power machine.

Background technique

A rotating cylinder in a fluid is subjected to a force perpendicular to the axis of rotation and the direction of flow, a phenomenon known as the Magnus effect. In the Magnus-type vertical-axis wind power device, the rotational torque of the vertical-axis wind wheel is obtained through the Magnus force. However, the direction of the Magnus force is always perpendicular to the rotation direction of the cylinder and the direction of the incoming wind, and the magnitude of the Magnus force is determined by the wind speed and the rotational speed of the cylinder rotor. However, in a vertical-axis windmill, when the rotating cylinder rotates in one direction, the Magnus force generated is in the same direction on the windward side and the downwind side. At this time, the rotational torque of the vertical-axis wind turbine rotor will cancel each other out. Therefore, the rotating cylinder cannot be directly used as a vertical axis wind turbine rotor.

At present, one of the methods to solve the above problems is to change the rotation direction of the cylinder on the windward side and the leeward side respectively, but when using this method, it is necessary to frequently switch the rotation direction of the cylinder, which will cause losses to the device itself and the drive motor, which greatly reduces the It also takes a certain amount of time to change the direction of acceleration after deceleration at high rotational speeds of the cylinder, which may make the rotation direction of the cylinder unable to keep up with the rotation of the wind wheel, resulting in a decrease in device efficiency.

In addition, there is another solution: use a set of rotating cylinders with opposite rotation directions, arranged along the inner and outer sides of the wind rotor, and reduce the Mag of the downwind rotor through the shielding effect of the upwind Magnus rotor on the downwind direction. Nuth, when the rotating cylinder group is on the windward side, the outer rotor is in the upwind direction, the inner rotor is in the downwind direction, and the wind wheel generates torque along the Magnus force direction of the outer rotor; when the rotating cylinder group is on the downwind side, The outer rotor is in the downwind direction and the inner rotor is in the upwind direction. In this way, the wind rotors on the upwind side and the downwind side can generate rotational torque in the same direction. This method can effectively solve the problem of frequently switching cylinder rotation, but since two rotating cylinders need to be driven at the same time, the cost will increase accordingly.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel and a wind power machine, aiming to solve the negative torque generated by the Magnus effect in the wind wheel composed of multiple rotating cylinders in the prior art However, it cannot be directly used on a vertical axis wind turbine, which affects the technical problems of the working efficiency of the wind turbine.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel, the wind wheel includes a rectangular wind wheel frame, a rotating shaft, two cylindrical rotors and two windshields, the cylindrical rotors are driven by driving components and arranged on the wind wheel frame Both ends, and rotate with the wind wheel frame, two wind deflectors are arranged on the inner side of the two cylindrical rotors, the middle parts of the two wind deflectors are rotated with the wind wheel frame, the movable end of the wind deflector It is connected with the eccentric mechanism, and the eccentric mechanism is used to drive the rotation of the windshield to suppress the magnitude of the negative torque of the Magnus force on the cylindrical rotor; the middle part of the wind wheel frame is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft. Wherein, the driving part is powered by a conductive slip ring, the conductive slip ring is arranged on the lower side of the rotating shaft, and the wire connecting the driving part and the conductive slip ring is arranged inside the wind wheel frame and the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the side of the wind deflector is in the shape of a rectangular plate, the middle part of the wind deflector is rotatably engaged with the frame of the wind wheel, and the movable end of the wind deflector is rotatably connected with the eccentric arm of the eccentric mechanism.

Preferably, the two side surfaces of the wind deflector gradually approach and close together from the movable end to the free end, and the movable end of the wind deflector is an arc surface.

Preferably, the middle part of the windshield is provided with a through hole that is rotatably matched with the fixed rod, and the two ends of the fixed rod are fixedly connected with the upper and lower frames of the wind wheel frame; the movable end of the windshield is provided with a movable end The through hole for rod matching, and the lower end of the movable rod is rotationally matched with the end of the eccentric arm of the eccentric mechanism.

Preferably, the eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric base and two eccentric arms, the eccentric base is provided with an eccentric seat, the eccentric seat is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the eccentric seat It does not coincide with the central axis of the rotating shaft; one end of the eccentric arm rotates with the eccentric seat, the other end rotates with the movable end of the windshield, and the two eccentric arms rotate with the eccentric seat respectively.

Preferably, the eccentric base includes a support frame and support legs for fixing the eccentric seat, the upper and lower support plates of the support frame are in rotation with the rotating shaft; the outer sleeve bearing of the eccentric seat, the ends of the two eccentric arms All parts are provided with mounting holes matched with the bearings, and the surroundings of the eccentric seat are connected with the supporting frame through a plurality of supporting legs.

Preferably, the length of the eccentric arm is M, the distance between the fixed rod and the movable rod is L, the distance between the rotating shaft and the eccentric hole of the eccentric seat is D, and the distance between the fixed rod and the rotating shaft in the middle of the windshield is The distance is R; the operation of the eccentric mechanism satisfies the following formula: M+L-D>R, D+M-L<R.

Preferably, the support frame includes two support plates and the connecting frame on the outside thereof, the middle part of the support plate is provided with a through hole that is rotatably matched with the rotating shaft, and the two support plates are connected through the connecting column and the connecting frame on the outside. The upper and lower ends of the connecting column are respectively connected and fixed with two support plates, and the connecting frame includes a connecting rod on the outside of the connecting column and a connecting rod at the bottom thereof, and the lower end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting rod through the connecting block and the connecting rod. The lower supporting plates are connected, and the lower ends of two adjacent diagonal braces are connected through connecting rods.

The present invention also provides a wind turbine, comprising the above-mentioned Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel and a frame, and the rotating shaft is connected with the frame through a transmission mechanism.

The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above-mentioned technical solution are: compared with the prior art, the present invention controls the Magnus force by arranging a windshield on the inner side of the cylindrical rotor and using the windshield to control the Magnus force on the windward side of the cylindrical rotor. When the wind rotor is driven to rotate, the Magnus force is basically not affected. When the cylindrical rotor on the leeward side restrains the rotation of the wind rotor, the Magnus force is reduced to realize the rotation of the wind rotor. Adopting the invention can realize the smooth rotation of the rotor of the vertical axis wind turbine, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the wind turbine.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the eccentric seat at A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the eccentric seat in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the windshield in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a definition diagram of the upwind side and the downwind side of the wind wheel in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a definition diagram of Magnus force direction;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the force of the eccentric mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention when the angle between the wind direction and the wind wheel frame is 0°; the cylindrical rotor and the windshield;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the force on the cylindrical rotor and the windshield when the wind wheel frame in Figure 7 rotates counterclockwise by 45°;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the force on the cylindrical rotor and the windshield when the wind wheel frame in Fig. 7 rotates 135° counterclockwise;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the fixed rod and the movable rod during the rotation of the wind wheel, and a schematic diagram of the triangle formed by the main shaft, the eccentric shaft and the fixed rod when they are in line with the eccentric arm and the windshield;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the motion track of the fixed rod and the movable rod during the rotation of the wind wheel, and a schematic diagram of the triangle formed by the main shaft, the eccentric shaft and the movable rod when they are in line with the eccentric arm and the windshield;

In the figure: 1-cylindrical rotor, 2-wind deflector, 3-moving rod, 4-driving component, 5-fixed rod, 6-eccentric arm, 7-connecting block, 8-rotating shaft, 9-eccentric base, 10- Bearing, 11-Flange connection, 12-Wind wheel frame, 13-Magnus force, 14-Cylinder rotor steering, 15-Tangential force of wind load on windshield, 16-Connecting rod, 17-Support Frame, 18-eccentric seat, 19-connecting frame, 20-supporting leg, 21-base, 22-leg, 23-supporting plate, 24-connecting column, 25-diagonal brace.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1 , the present invention provides a Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel, which includes a rectangular wind wheel frame 12, a rotating shaft 8, two cylindrical rotors 1 and two windshields 2, the cylindrical The rotor 1 is driven by the driving part 4 and is arranged at both ends of the wind wheel frame 12, and is rotatably matched with the wind wheel frame 12. The two wind deflectors 2 are correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the two cylindrical rotors 1. The two wind deflectors The middle part of the windshield 2 is in rotation with the wind wheel frame 12, and the movable end of the windshield 2 is connected with an eccentric mechanism, and the eccentric mechanism is used to drive the windshield 2 to rotate to suppress the Magnus force on the cylindrical rotor 1. The size of; The middle part of described wind wheel frame 12 is fixedly connected with rotating shaft 8. Among them, the driving part is a driving motor installed at the bottom of the cylindrical rotor, which drives the cylindrical rotor to rotate through the driving motor, and the rotating cylindrical rotor obtains Magnus force under the wind drive, and then drives the wind wheel to rotate; and drives the windshield through the eccentric mechanism The deflection of the plate is used to adjust the magnitude of the negative torque that suppresses the Magnus force on the cylindrical rotor, so as to realize the normal rotation of the wind wheel.

Wherein, the driving part is powered by a conductive slip ring, the conductive slip ring is arranged on the lower side of the rotating shaft, and the wire connecting the driving part and the conductive slip ring is arranged inside the wind wheel frame and the rotating shaft.

During specific design, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the sides of the windshield 2 are in the shape of a rectangular flat plate, the middle part of the windshield 2 rotates with the wind wheel frame 12, and the movable end of the windshield 2 It is connected in rotation with the eccentric arm 6 of the eccentric mechanism. During specific manufacture, the two sides of the windshield 2 are gradually approached together from the movable end to the free end, and the movable end of the windshield adopts a circular arc surface to reduce the resistance of the wind; the middle part of the windshield 2 There is a through hole that is rotated and matched with the fixed rod 5, and the two ends of the fixed rod 5 are fixedly connected with the upper and lower frames of the wind wheel frame 12; the movable end of the windshield 2 is provided with a through hole that is matched with the movable rod 3 , the lower end of the movable rod 3 is rotationally matched with the end of the eccentric arm 6 of the eccentric mechanism through a bearing. With this scheme, the wind deflector is made into an airfoil cross-section, and when the wind deflector rotates with the wind wheel, the resistance generated by the wind load of the wind deflector on the wind wheel can be reduced, and the efficiency of the wind wheel can be improved.

In addition, the windshield 2 can also be installed in the following way: the middle part of the windshield 2 is fixedly connected with the fixed rod 5, and the two ends of the fixed rod 5 are rotated and matched with the upper and lower frames of the wind wheel frame 12; The movable end of the plate 2 is fixedly connected with the movable rod 3, and the lower end of the movable rod 3 is rotationally matched with the end of the eccentric arm 6 of the eccentric mechanism.

As shown in Figure 4-9, when the cylindrical rotor rotating on the upwind side pushes the wind rotor to rotate, the Magnus force is basically not affected, and when the cylindrical rotor rotating on the downwind side restrains the rotation of the wind rotor, the Magnus force is reduced Force, in order to achieve the effect of airflow obstruction.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, the wind wheel frame 12 includes upper and lower frames and two side frames, the cylindrical rotor 1 rotates with the two side frames of the wind wheel frame 12, and the upper and lower frames The middle part is provided with a flange connecting piece 11 that cooperates with the rotating shaft 8, and the flange connecting piece 11 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 8 through a jacking screw. Adopting this structure can simplify the structure of the wind rotor, thereby reducing the weight of the wind rotor.

As shown in Figures 1-3, the eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric base 9 and two eccentric arms 6, the eccentric base 9 is provided with an eccentric seat 18, and the eccentric seat 18 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 8, and There is a gap between the outer wall of the rotating shaft 8, and the central axis of the eccentric seat 18 does not coincide with the central axis of the rotating shaft 8; one end of the eccentric arm 6 rotates with the eccentric seat 18, and the other end rotates with the movable end of the windshield 2. Two eccentric arms 6 are rotated and matched with eccentric seats 18 respectively. Wherein, the eccentric base 9 includes a support frame 17 and support legs 20 for fixing the eccentric seat 18, the upper and lower support plates 23 of the support frame 17 are rotatably matched with the rotating shaft 8; the outer sleeve bearing 10 of the eccentric seat 18 , the ends of the two eccentric arms 6 are provided with mounting holes matched with the bearing 10 , and the periphery of the eccentric seat 18 is connected with the support frame 17 through a plurality of support legs 20 . During the rotation of the wind wheel frame, the wind deflector and the eccentric arm rotate accordingly, and the two eccentric arms drive the two wind deflectors to swing.

During specific manufacture, as shown in Figure 3, the support leg 20 includes a base 21 and an arc-shaped support leg 22, the base 21 is fixed on the edge of the support plate 23 above, and the lower end of the support leg 22 is connected to the base 21 , The upper end links to each other with the eccentric seat 18.

In order to meet the lightweight design requirements, as shown in Figure 1, the support frame 17 includes two support plates 23 and the connecting frame 19 on the outside, the middle part of the support plate 23 is provided with a through hole that matches the rotating shaft 8, and the two The two supporting plates 23 are connected by connecting columns 24 and connecting frames 19 on the outside thereof, the upper and lower ends of the connecting columns 24 are respectively connected and fixed with the two supporting plates 23, and the connecting frames 19 include diagonal braces on the outside of the connecting columns 24 25 and the connecting rod 16 at the bottom thereof, the lower end of the diagonal strut 25 is connected with the support plate 23 below by connecting block and connecting rod 16, and the lower ends of two adjacent diagonal struts 25 are connected by the connecting rod 16. During installation, the lower end of the diagonal brace 25 and the connecting rod 16 are all arranged on the connecting block 7 . Adopting this structure is convenient for processing and manufacturing, can reduce manufacturing cost, and is also convenient for assembly.

As shown in Figure 5, the length of the eccentric arm 6 is M, the distance between the fixed rod 5 and the movable rod 3 is L, the distance between the rotating shaft 8 and the eccentric hole of the eccentric seat 18 is D, The distance from the fixed rod 5 in the middle of the windshield 2 to the rotating shaft 8 is R; the operation of the eccentric mechanism satisfies the following formula: M+L-D>R, D+M-L<R. When R and D are collinear, they form a triangle with M and L; when M and D are collinear, they form a triangle with R and L. This limitation can ensure the smooth rotation of the wind wheel and prevent the wind wheel from being "stuck". Can't turn.

As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the motion trajectory of the fixed rod is: a solid line circle with the rotation axis as the center and the distance R from the fixed rod to the rotation axis as the radius; the motion trajectory of the movable rod is: the center axis of the eccentric seat Arm length M is a dashed circle of radius. The shaded part in Figures 10 and 11 is the area swept by the portion between the fixed rod and the movable rod on the windshield during the rotation process.

In order to facilitate the study of the force of the cylindrical rotor and the windshield, it is assumed that the direction of the incoming wind remains unchanged, and the wind wheel rotates counterclockwise as shown in Figure 7. During the rotation of the wind wheel, the Magnus force on the cylindrical rotor at several typical angles and the tangential force on the windshield are shown in Figure 7-9. The tangential effect of the wind load on the windshield in the figure is The force 15 refers to the tangential force on the wind deflector here, that is, along the tangential direction of the rotation track of the wind wheel, the component of the resistance of the wind acting on the wind deflector in this direction. The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

The movable end of the windshield is controlled by the eccentric arm. When the cylindrical rotor revolves with the wind wheel, the windshield can adjust the windward area relative to the incoming wind. When the windshield is on the downwind side of the windwheel, the windward area is larger and can reduce the mag. Nuss effect, reducing the negative torque; when the windshield is on the windward side, the windward area is smaller, the influence on the Magnus force is weaker, and the wind resistance is also smaller.

The present invention also provides a wind turbine, comprising the above-mentioned Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel and a frame, the rotating shaft is connected with the frame through a transmission mechanism, and the Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel is used to provide power source. All wind turbines including the above-mentioned Magnus type vertical axis wind rotor are within the protection scope of the present invention. Here the wind turbine can be used for power generation or for water pumping and irrigation.

The working process of the present invention is as follows: the external power supply supplies power to the driving parts through the conductive slip ring installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and drives the cylindrical rotor to rotate through the driving motor part, creating conditions for the generation of the Magnus effect; when the incoming wind passes through the cylindrical rotor , the generated Magnus force pushes the wind wheel to rotate; as the wind wheel rotates, the eccentric mechanism adjusts the wind deflector, changes the angle and windward area of the wind deflector, and adjusts the aerodynamic force of the cylindrical rotor to realize the wind rotor continuous rotation.

The working principle of the windshield in the present invention is as follows: installing the windshield on the upwind side of the cylindrical rotor can affect the flow of air around the cylindrical rotor. When the windshield is in the upwind direction of the cylindrical rotor, the eccentric wheel mechanism will adjust the windward area of the windshield to become larger. At this time, the windshield can reduce the speed of the wind flowing through the cylindrical rotor, so the Magnus force will be significantly weakened. . When the windshield is in the downwind direction of the cylindrical rotor, the eccentric wheel mechanism adjusts and reduces the windward area of the windshield. At this time, the windshield has a weak influence on the Magnus force of the cylindrical rotor and has a blocking effect on the incoming wind. It will also be reduced to allow the wind to flow smoothly.

Through the above-mentioned arrangement of the wind deflector, the wind rotor with a vertical axis can generate a torque difference between the upwind side and the downwind side, thereby ensuring the rotation of the wind rotor.

To sum up, the present invention has the advantages of compact structure and large driving force of the fan. The deflection of the windshield is adjusted through the eccentric mechanism, and then the Magnus force on the cylindrical rotor is controlled. The cylindrical rotor on the upwind side drives the wind. When the wheel rotates, the Magnus force is basically not affected. When the leeward side cylindrical rotor restrains the rotation of the wind rotor, the Magnus force is reduced, so as to realize the rotation of the wind rotor, and thus realize the smooth operation of the vertical axis wind turbine. run.

In the above description, many specific details have been set forth in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can also be implemented in other ways that are different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can do without departing from the connotation of the present invention. By analogy, the present invention is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above.

Claims (9)

1. A Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel is characterized in that: the wind wheel comprises a rectangular wind wheel frame, a rotating shaft, two cylindrical rotors and two windshields, and the cylindrical rotors are driven by driving components and It is arranged at both ends of the wind rotor frame and rotates with the wind rotor frame. The two wind deflectors are correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the two cylindrical rotors. The middle parts of the two wind deflectors are both in rotation with the wind rotor frame. The movable end of the windshield is connected with an eccentric mechanism, and the eccentric mechanism is used to drive the windshield to rotate to suppress the magnitude of the Magnus force on the cylindrical rotor; the middle part of the wind wheel frame is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft. 2. The Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side of the wind deflector is rectangular and flat, and the middle part of the wind deflector is rotatably matched with the frame of the wind wheel, so that The movable end of the windshield is connected to the eccentric arm of the eccentric mechanism in rotation. 3. The Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the two sides of the windshield are gradually approached together from the movable end to the free end, and the movable end of the windshield is Arc surface. 4. The Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the middle part of the windshield is provided with a through hole that is rotatably matched with the fixed rod, and the two ends of the fixed rod are connected with the wind The upper and lower frames of the wheel frame are fixedly connected; the movable end of the windshield is provided with a through hole matched with the movable rod, and the lower end of the movable rod is rotatably matched with the end of the eccentric arm of the eccentric mechanism. 5. The Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that: said eccentric mechanism comprises an eccentric base and two eccentric arms, said eccentric base is provided with an eccentric seat, said The eccentric seat is set on the outside of the rotating shaft, and there is a gap between the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the central axis of the eccentric seat and the rotating shaft does not coincide; one end of the eccentric arm rotates with the eccentric seat, and the other end rotates with the movable end of the windshield Cooperate, the two eccentric arms respectively rotate and cooperate with the eccentric seat. 6. The Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that: the eccentric base includes a support frame and support legs for fixing the eccentric seat, and the upper and lower support plates of the support frame are in contact with the The rotating shaft rotates and cooperates; the outer sleeve bearing of the eccentric seat, and the ends of the two eccentric arms are provided with mounting holes matched with the bearings, and the surroundings of the eccentric seat are connected to the support frame through a plurality of supporting legs. 7. The Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that: the length of the eccentric arm is M, the distance between the fixed rod and the movable rod is L, and the rotating shaft and The distance between the eccentric holes of the eccentric seat is D, the distance from the fixed rod in the middle of the windshield to the rotating shaft is R, and the operation of the eccentric mechanism satisfies the following formula: M+L-D>R, D+M-L<R. 8. The Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel according to claim 6, characterized in that: the support frame includes two support plates and the connecting frame on the outside thereof, and the middle part of the support plate is provided with a rotating shaft. The two supporting plates are connected through the connecting column and the connecting frame on the outside, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting column are respectively connected and fixed with the two supporting plates. The connecting frame includes a diagonal brace on the outside of the connecting column and a The connecting rod at the bottom, the lower end of the diagonal strut is connected with the lower support plate through the connecting block and the connecting rod, and the lower ends of the two adjacent diagonal struts are connected through the connecting rod. 9. A wind turbine, characterized in that it comprises a Magnus type vertical axis wind wheel and a frame according to any one of claims 1-8, and the rotating shaft is connected with the frame through a transmission mechanism.

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