CN115319532B - Self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, cutter and preparation method - Google Patents
Self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, cutter and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115319532B CN115319532B CN202210999191.1A CN202210999191A CN115319532B CN 115319532 B CN115319532 B CN 115319532B CN 202210999191 A CN202210999191 A CN 202210999191A CN 115319532 B CN115319532 B CN 115319532B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, a cutter and a preparation method, which belong to the technical field of design and manufacture of machining cutting cutters and comprise a cutter body, wherein the front and the back of the cutter body are respectively provided with a reinforced heat absorption cutter head and a thermal barrier heat resistance cutter head, the reinforced heat absorption cutter head and the thermal barrier heat resistance cutter head on each surface of the cutter body are oppositely arranged, and the reinforced heat absorption cutter head and the thermal barrier heat resistance cutter head are respectively arranged at the cutter tip of the cutter body; the reinforced heat absorbing tool bits on two sides of the tool body are arranged on the same side of the tool body, and the thermal barrier heat blocking tool bits on two sides of the tool body are arranged on the same side of the tool body. The cutter can select different heat absorption and heat resistance modes according to different machining procedures, so that the cutter cost in machining is reduced, the machining surface quality is improved, and the cutter has the advantages of simple structure, no pollution caused by no use of cutting fluid, low cost and high machining quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of design and manufacture of machining cutting tools, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, a self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting tool and a self-adaptive active control preparation method.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Cutting machining techniques are very important in the machine industry and are currently not yet fully replaced material removal molding processes. However, the material generates a great amount of heat due to severe plastic deformation during cutting, and the cutter rake face generates severe friction between chips so as to generate heat on the cutter; these additional heat, if not removed or conducted in time, would have two disadvantages, on the one hand, reducing the life of the tool and, on the other hand, degrading the quality of the machined surface or the machining accuracy. At present, cutting fluids are most commonly used in industrial production to cool and lubricate workpieces and tools. However, if the cutting fluid is not effectively treated, huge pollution is generated to the underground water source and soil, and the additives in the cutting fluid also harm the health of operators.
In recent years, under the background that the environmental protection concept is gradually strengthened and the environmental protection legislation is continuously perfected, various cooling modes for replacing cutting fluid, such as modes of micro lubrication, low-temperature air cooling, liquid nitrogen cooling and the like, are researched and developed. Although some progress has been made in these methods, there are still many limitations in that oil mist generated by the micro lubrication method is also harmful to the health of operators, and in addition, lubrication effects of the low-temperature air cooling and liquid nitrogen cooling methods are poor.
At present, a plurality of cutting tools with different micro textures can be produced by using a laser technology, but the micro textures only reduce the contact area between chips and the tools, the heat dissipation and conduction effect of cutting fluid sprayed on the textured surface is not obvious, and the use of the cutting fluid is not eliminated. Therefore, the large number of microtextured cutters currently being studied is difficult to put into practical production on a large scale.
The machining process is divided into two stages of rough machining and finish machining, the two stages have different requirements on machining efficiency, machining precision and quality of materials, the rough machining mainly removes excessive materials in a large amount, the material removing efficiency is high, the machining precision and quality requirements are low, and a large amount of cutting heat generated at the moment can be prevented from being transported to a cutter body through a heat barrier heat-resistant cutter head which can be designed and selected, so that the service life of the cutter is prolonged; the fine machining is performed on the material, the material removal efficiency is low, the requirements on precision and machining quality are high, a small amount of cutting heat generated at the moment can strengthen the heat absorption tool bit through design selection, the cutting heat is promoted to be transported to the tool body, the temperature of a machined workpiece is reduced, and the machining precision and the machining quality are improved. Therefore, the heat transfer and heat conduction states of the material are respectively changed by designing the geometric structure of the cutter according to the quality requirements of the rough machining and the finish machining on the surface of the material, so that two transportation modes of heat generated in the cutting process are respectively realized, the service life of the cutter can be prolonged, the cost of the cutter can be reduced, and the machining precision and the surface quality of the workpiece can be improved. However, no such tool structure and design method thereof exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, the cutter and the preparation method, which can realize the selection of different heat absorption and heat resistance modes of the cutter according to different processing procedures, thereby reducing the cost of the cutter in processing and improving the quality of the processed surface.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the invention provides a self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, which comprises a blade body, wherein the front side and the back side of the blade body are respectively provided with a reinforced heat absorption blade and a thermal barrier heat resistance blade, the reinforced heat absorption blade and the thermal barrier heat resistance blade on each side of the blade body are oppositely arranged, and the reinforced heat absorption blade and the thermal barrier heat resistance blade are respectively arranged at the blade tip of the blade body; the reinforced heat absorbing tool bits on two sides of the tool body are arranged on the same side of the tool body, and the thermal barrier heat blocking tool bits on two sides of the tool body are arranged on the same side of the tool body.
As a further technical scheme, the reinforced heat absorbing tool bit comprises a reinforced heat absorbing groove extending inwards from the tool nose, and the reinforced heat absorbing groove is filled with a heat conducting material. The heat conductivity coefficient of the filling material in the reinforced heat absorption groove is higher than that of the cutter matrix and air, so that the heat conduction material can transfer more heat on the workpiece from the cutter tip and the front cutter face to the central part of the cutter matrix, thereby reinforcing heat dissipation and heat conduction of the workpiece.
As a further technical scheme, the reinforced heat absorption grooves are arranged in a plurality, and the reinforced heat absorption grooves are distributed radially from the cutter point to the cutter body in a scattered manner.
As a further technical scheme, the thermal barrier heat-resistant cutter head comprises a thermal barrier heat-resistant groove perpendicular to the connecting line of the two cutter points, and the thermal barrier heat-resistant groove is filled with heat-insulating materials. The thermal conductivity of the filling material in the thermal barrier heat-resistant groove is lower than that of the cutter matrix and air, and the heat insulating material can prevent or slow down the speed and quantity of heat transmitted into the cutter, so that the heat transmitted into the cutter is reduced.
As a further technical scheme, a plurality of thermal barrier heat-resistant grooves are arranged, the plurality of thermal barrier heat-resistant grooves are sequentially arranged in parallel, and each thermal barrier heat-resistant groove is perpendicular to the connecting line of the two knife points.
As a further technical scheme, the length of the thermal barrier heat-resistant groove is gradually increased from the cutter point to the cutter body.
As a further technical scheme, the middle part of the cutter body is provided with a central mounting hole, and four corners of the plane of the cutter body are symmetrical relative to the central axis of the central mounting hole.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a turning tool comprising an adaptive actively controlled heat transfer cutting insert as described above and a turning bar with an adaptive actively controlled heat transfer cutting insert mounted at an end thereof.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a milling cutter comprising an adaptive actively controlled heat transfer cutting insert as described above and a milling cutter head, the milling working area of the milling cutter head being provided with the adaptive actively controlled heat transfer cutting insert.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a self-adaptive actively controlled heat conducting cutting insert as described above, comprising the steps of:
Putting the blade raw material into a blade mould, and pressing and forming the blade raw material;
firing the initial blade formed by pressing; machining a reinforced heat absorption groove and a heat barrier heat resistance groove at the position of the fired blade bit by using a laser;
And the reinforced heat absorption groove is filled with heat conduction materials, and the thermal barrier heat-resistant groove is filled with heat insulation materials.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the cutting blade, the reinforced heat absorption tool bit is arranged at one end of the cutter body, the thermal barrier heat blocking tool bit is arranged at the other end of the cutter body, the defect that the conventional cutting tool depends on passive heat transfer is overcome, the conduction and transportation mode of cutting heat can be actively controlled, and different heat transfer and heat blocking modes are selected according to actual processing conditions and requirements.
According to the cutting blade, through the special blade structure, the heat conducting material and the heat barrier heat insulating material, the heat barrier heat resistance can reduce the temperature of a cutter and prolong the service life of the cutter during rough machining, so that the cost of the cutter is reduced, the heat absorption can be enhanced in finish machining, the temperature of a workpiece to be machined is reduced, and the machining precision and the surface quality of the workpiece are improved.
The invention has simple structure and easy realization, and can be filled with heat conducting materials and thermal barrier heat insulating materials with different parameters according to actual processing requirements.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of an adaptive actively controlled heat transfer cutting insert of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an adaptive actively controlled heat transfer cutting insert of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a turning tool employing an adaptive actively controlled heat transfer cutting insert in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a milling tool employing an adaptive actively controlled heat transfer cutting insert according to the present invention;
In the figure: the mutual spacing or size is exaggerated for showing the positions of all parts, and the schematic drawings are used only for illustration;
1, a thermal barrier heat-resistant groove; 2. a central mounting hole; 3. a reinforced heat absorption groove; 4. self-adaptive active control of a thermally conductive cutting insert; 5. turning a cutter bar; 6. milling cutterhead.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1:
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, an adaptive active control heat conduction cutting insert is provided, which includes a cutter body, a central mounting hole 2, a reinforced heat absorbing cutter head, and a thermal barrier heat blocking cutter head.
The front and back sides of the cutter body can be cut, and each side of the cutter body is provided with one reinforced heat absorbing cutter head and one thermal barrier heat blocking cutter head. The reinforced heat absorbing tool bit and the thermal barrier heat blocking tool bit on each side of the tool body are oppositely arranged, and the reinforced heat absorbing tool bit and the thermal barrier heat blocking tool bit are arranged at the tool tip of the tool body; the reinforced heat absorbing tool bits on the two sides of the tool body are arranged on the same side of the tool body, and the thermal barrier heat blocking tool bits on the two sides of the tool body are arranged on the same side of the tool body; as shown in fig. 2, the thermal barrier heat-blocking cutter head is arranged on the left side of the two sides of the cutter body, and the reinforced heat-absorbing cutter head is arranged on the right side of the two sides of the cutter body.
The reinforced heat absorbing tool bit comprises a reinforced heat absorbing groove 3 extending inwards from the tool nose, and the reinforced heat absorbing groove 3 is filled with heat conducting materials.
In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of reinforced heat absorption grooves 3 are arranged, and the reinforced heat absorption grooves 3 are distributed radially from the cutter tip to the cutter body.
In this embodiment, the reinforced heat absorption groove 3 has a width of 100 μm, a length of 2000 μm, and a depth of 200. Mu.m.
In this embodiment, the filling material in the reinforced heat absorption groove 3 is heat conductive graphene, and the heat conductive filling material can also adopt other different heat conductive materials according to actual processing requirements and processing parameters.
The heat conductivity coefficient of the filling material in the reinforced heat absorption groove is higher than that of the cutter matrix and air, so that the heat conduction material can transfer more heat on the workpiece from the cutter tip and the front cutter face to the central part of the cutter matrix, thereby reinforcing heat dissipation and heat conduction of the workpiece.
The thermal barrier heat-resistant cutter head comprises a thermal barrier heat-resistant groove 1 which is perpendicular to the connecting line (shown by a broken line in figure 1) of the two cutter points, and the thermal barrier heat-resistant groove 1 is filled with heat-insulating materials.
In an alternative embodiment, a plurality of thermal barrier heat-resistant grooves 1 are arranged, the plurality of thermal barrier heat-resistant grooves 1 are sequentially arranged in parallel, and each thermal barrier heat-resistant groove 1 is perpendicular to the connecting line of two knife tips; the length of the thermal barrier heat-resistant groove 1 gradually increases from the cutter tip to the cutter body.
In the embodiment, the width of the thermal barrier heat-resistant groove 1 is 100 μm, the depth is 200 μm, and the interval of each thermal barrier heat-resistant groove 1 is 50 μm.
In this embodiment, the filling heat insulating material in the thermal barrier heat-blocking groove 1 is aerogel felt, and the heat insulating filler can also adopt other different heat insulating materials according to actual processing requirements and processing parameters.
The thermal conductivity of the filling material in the thermal barrier heat-resistant groove is lower than that of the cutter matrix and air, and the heat insulating material can prevent or slow down the speed and quantity of heat transmitted into the cutter, so that the heat transmitted into the cutter is reduced.
The middle part of the cutter body is provided with a central mounting hole 2, the cutter body is of a diamond structure, and four corners of the plane of the cutter body are symmetrical about the central axis of the central mounting hole.
In the embodiment, the cutter body is formed by pressing and sintering hard alloy powder; the reinforced heat absorption groove 3 and the thermal barrier heat resistance groove 1 are processed by laser.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a preparation method of the self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, which comprises the following steps:
Firstly, placing hard alloy powder into a special blade die, and performing compression molding on the hard alloy powder by using a pressure machine;
placing the initial blade formed by compression into a heating furnace for firing;
Machining a reinforced heat absorption groove and a heat barrier heat resistance groove at the position of the fired blade bit by using a laser;
and finally, filling a heat-conducting graphene material in the reinforced heat absorption groove, and filling a heat-insulating aerogel felt material in the heat barrier heat-resistant groove.
The self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting insert can be clamped on a lathe tool cutter bar for turning and a milling cutter bar for milling.
Example 3:
In this embodiment, a turning tool is provided, as shown in fig. 3, which includes the adaptive active control heat conduction cutting insert 4 and the turning tool bar 5 as described above, and the adaptive active control heat conduction cutting insert 4 is installed at the end of the turning tool bar 5.
Example 4:
In this embodiment, a method for installing and using the turning tool as described above is provided, which includes the following steps:
Firstly, placing a blade at a blade mounting opening of a turning cutter bar, placing a thermal barrier and heat resistance cutter head outwards, and fixing and clamping the blade by using a screw and a fixed pressing plate;
Then, mounting the turning cutter bar with the blade on a lathe; setting cutting parameters, and roughly machining a workpiece;
when rough machining is finished, the direction of the blade is adjusted, and the reinforced heat absorption cutter head is outwards placed;
and after the tool is adjusted, finishing the finish machining process of the workpiece.
Example 5:
In this embodiment, a milling tool is proposed, as shown in fig. 4, which includes the adaptive active control heat conduction cutting insert 4 and the milling cutter head 6 as described above, and the milling working area of the milling cutter head 6 is provided with the adaptive active control heat conduction cutting insert 4.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210999191.1A CN115319532B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, cutter and preparation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210999191.1A CN115319532B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, cutter and preparation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115319532A CN115319532A (en) | 2022-11-11 |
| CN115319532B true CN115319532B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
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| CN202210999191.1A Active CN115319532B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Self-adaptive active control heat conduction cutting blade, cutter and preparation method |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101885077A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-11-17 | 华南理工大学 | Heat pipe cutting tool and method for improving heat dissipation of cutting tool by using heat pipe |
| CN203509079U (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-04-02 | 河南富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 | Coating blade |
| CN207770867U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-08-28 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | The novel indexable turning tool blade with graphene anti-attrition slot |
| JP2018134722A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-08-30 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Cutting tools |
| CN213704033U (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-07-16 | 昆山威勒科金刚石制品有限公司 | Diamond saw blade with good heat dissipation effect |
| CN214290883U (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-09-28 | 河南富莱格超硬材料有限公司 | Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter |
| JP2021194719A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-27 | 株式会社東京精密 | Cutting blade |
| CN216566400U (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-05-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A wear-resistant double-sided turning insert for superalloys |
-
2022
- 2022-08-19 CN CN202210999191.1A patent/CN115319532B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101885077A (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2010-11-17 | 华南理工大学 | Heat pipe cutting tool and method for improving heat dissipation of cutting tool by using heat pipe |
| CN203509079U (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-04-02 | 河南富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 | Coating blade |
| JP2018134722A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-08-30 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Cutting tools |
| CN207770867U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-08-28 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | The novel indexable turning tool blade with graphene anti-attrition slot |
| JP2021194719A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-27 | 株式会社東京精密 | Cutting blade |
| CN213704033U (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-07-16 | 昆山威勒科金刚石制品有限公司 | Diamond saw blade with good heat dissipation effect |
| CN214290883U (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-09-28 | 河南富莱格超硬材料有限公司 | Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride cutter |
| CN216566400U (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-05-20 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A wear-resistant double-sided turning insert for superalloys |
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| CN115319532A (en) | 2022-11-11 |
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