CN115305107A - External regenerator concurrent heating equipment of fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses external heat supply equipment for a regenerator of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device in the technical field of petrochemical industry, which comprises the regenerator, a main air distribution pipe and a main air pipeline, and is characterized in that: the electric heater is arranged in an electric heater shell, and the electric heater shell is arranged outside the regenerator; the electric heater housing comprises a housing inlet pipe, a housing outlet pipe, and a fluidization ring; the upper part of the electric heater shell is connected with the regenerator through a shell inlet pipe, and a shell outlet pipe is connected with the lower part of the electric heater shell and the regenerator; the fluidizing ring is arranged in the lower part of the electric heater shell. After the invention is adopted, the scale of the subsequent treatment facilities (the flue gas denitration unit and the flue gas desulfurization unit) of the regenerator flue gas can be greatly reduced, even can be omitted. The invention provides an alternative scheme for device transformation and adopts the invention; the transformation content is less, and the transformation cost is low.

Description

A kind of supplementary heat equipment outside the regenerator of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum refining, and in particular relates to external heat supplement equipment of a regenerator of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device.

technical background

In recent years, fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing equipment has developed rapidly, and has gradually become an important production process for chemical raw materials such as propylene and ethylene. The fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing unit mainly includes a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking unit and a propane dehydrogenation unit.

The fluidized bed light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking unit can be divided into C3-C4 cracking, naphtha cracking, reforming raffinate cracking, diesel cracking or mixed light hydrocarbon cracking according to different raw materials. Compared with the traditional catalytic cracking unit (FCC), the main features of the light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking unit are as follows: the processing raw material is light raw material, mainly including low-carbon alkanes, olefins or light oil, and the processing raw material contains less pollutants such as S and N The amount of coke formation in the reaction is small, and the coke formation rate is generally less than 4w%. Due to the low rate of coke formation and the high heat required for the reaction, the regenerator often cannot achieve heat balance. The regenerator of the FCC unit has excess heat, and a heater needs to be installed to take out the excess heat; while the heat of the regenerator of the light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking unit is insufficient, it is necessary to install supplementary heat equipment to supplement the lack of heat.

Chinese patent CN106753511B provides a supplementary heater for replenishing heat to the regenerator of a light hydrocarbon and light oil catalytic cracking device. The supplementary heater is arranged next to the regenerator, and a fuel distributor and a pre-combustion medium distributor are arranged in the supplementary heater. The catalyst is introduced from the regenerator into the regenerator, and fuel oil is injected into the regenerator. The fuel oil turns into coke and adheres to the catalyst under oxygen-poor and low-temperature conditions. The catalyst carries the coke back to the regenerator for combustion, meeting the heat balance requirements of the regenerator.

The SuperFlex ^TM process, ACO process, and K-COT process of KBR Corporation in the United States are all fluidized bed light hydrocarbon cracking processes, and they all adopt a positive flow two-device structure. The amount of raw coke that depends on the reaction of the three processes cannot meet the heat balance requirements, and the regenerator needs to supplement heat. The solution is to inject fuel oil into the regenerator catalyst well and dense bed through a fuel oil spray gun.

Similarly, in the fluidized bed propane dehydrogenation unit, the coke generated by the dehydrogenation reaction is less, and the heat generated by sending it to the regenerator for combustion is not enough to maintain the thermal balance of the unit. At present, the main solution is to inject fuel oil into the regenerator to supplement the heat.

The above-mentioned patents and the existing regenerator heat supplement solutions are all supplementary fuel oil, injecting fuel oil directly or indirectly into the regenerator, and using the fuel oil to burn and release heat to meet the heat balance requirements. The supplementary fuel oil generally uses diesel oil, wax oil, re-refined oil, etc. The supplementary combustion of fuel oil has the following disadvantages:

1. The raw materials processed by the device are low in S and N. Due to the small amount of coke, the S and N transferred to the coke are less, and the content of SOx and NOx in the regenerated flue gas after coke combustion is very small. The subsequent flue gas desulfurization, flue gas Gas denitrification facilities. However, the supplementary fuel oil is low-quality oil with high S and N content, and desulfurization and denitrification facilities need to be installed for the regenerated flue gas after supplementary combustion, which increases investment and operation costs.

2. The combustion temperature of external supplementary fuel oil is not easy to control, and there is a problem of excessive local temperature; the combustion of fuel oil generates H2O, which increases the risk of hydrothermal deactivation of the catalyst.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an external heating equipment of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device to solve the disadvantages of the regenerator heating technology in the prior art.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A regenerator external heating equipment for a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device, including a regenerator, a main air distribution pipe, and a main air pipeline, and is characterized in that: it also includes an electric heater, and the electric heater is arranged on the electric heater Inside the casing, the electric heater casing is arranged outside the regenerator; the electric heater casing includes a casing inlet pipe, a casing outlet pipe and a fluidized ring; the electric heater casing is connected through the casing inlet pipe The upper part is connected with the regenerator, and the shell outlet pipe is connected with the lower part of the electric heater shell and the regenerator; the fluidization ring is arranged at the lower part of the electric heater shell.

The invention relates to a regenerator external heating equipment of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device, further characterized in that: the electric heater includes a high-temperature electric heating wire, a wear-resistant casing, a wear-resistant casing support, an explosion-proof cable and a power supply The high-temperature heating wire is installed in the wear-resistant casing; the explosion-proof cable is connected to the high-temperature heating wire at one end of the wear-resistant casing, and the other end of the explosion-proof cable is connected to the power supply, which supplies power to the high-temperature heating wire.

The external regenerator heating equipment of the fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device of the present invention is further characterized in that: the wear-resistant casing of the electric heater is vertically arranged inside the electric heater shell, and the electric heater shell is horizontally arranged The section porosity is 0.4-0.9.

The external heating equipment of the regenerator of the fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device of the present invention is further characterized in that the electric heater includes at least one high-temperature electric heating wire and a wear-resistant sleeve. There are at most 100 high-temperature heating wires and wear-resistant sleeves.

The invention relates to a regenerator external heating equipment of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device, which is further characterized in that: the wear-resistant casing is lined with a wear-resistant lining, which can withstand the erosion of the fluidized catalyst. The wear-resistant sleeve can be a bare tube structure, a T-shaped finned tube structure, or a finned tube structure, and a heat transfer nail structure can be arranged on the surface of the bare tube, preferably a finned tube structure to enhance heat transfer.

The regenerator external heating equipment of the fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device of the present invention is further characterized in that: the electric heater housing also includes a housing balance line, a buffer boss and a slide valve; the housing balance The line is drawn from the shell above the entrance position of the shell inlet pipe and connected to the regenerator, and the fluidized gas in the electric heater shell can be sent to the regenerator through the shell balance line; the buffer boss is arranged between the shell inlet pipe and the electric heater. The location of the interface of the heater shell prevents the catalyst from directly impacting the wear-resistant sleeve of the heating wire; the slide valve is installed on the outlet pipe of the shell to adjust the flow rate of the catalyst.

The invention is a regenerator external heating equipment of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device, which is further characterized in that: a catalyst distributor is also provided in the regenerator, and the outlet pipe of the shell enters the regenerator and is connected to the catalyst distributor. The role of the catalyst distributor is to evenly distribute the returned catalyst in the regenerator.

The present invention is a regenerator external heating equipment of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device, which is further characterized in that: 10.

The external heating equipment of the regenerator of the fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device of the present invention is further characterized in that: a lifting vertical pipe is also provided, and the outlet pipe of the shell is connected to the regenerator through the lifting vertical pipe. The lifting medium is introduced at the bottom of the riser pipe, and the catalyst is lifted to the regenerator along the riser pipe. The preferred scheme is that after the shell outlet pipe enters the regenerator through the riser pipe, it is connected to the catalyst distributor, and the function of passing through the catalyst distributor is to evenly distribute the returned catalyst in the regenerator. The riser structure can be used to lead out the catalyst from a certain bed of the regenerator, and return to the same bed after being heated by the external heating equipment.

The invention is a regenerator external heating equipment of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device, which is further characterized in that: the electric heater in the electric heater shell is in contact with the fluidized catalyst, and the electric heater is used to heat the catalyst to regenerate The regenerator supplements heat to maintain the temperature of the regenerator at 650°C to 800°C, preferably at 685°C to 720°C.

The present invention relates to an external regenerator heating equipment of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device, further characterized in that: the fluidization medium of the fluidization ring can be compressed air, nitrogen, steam, preferably compressed air.

The advantage of the present invention compared with prior art is:

1. The present invention provides a new alternative heating equipment and heating method for light hydrocarbon catalytic cracking, propane dehydrogenation and other device regenerators using fluidized bed technology.

2. After adopting the present invention, the scale of regenerator flue gas follow-up treatment facilities (flue gas denitrification unit, flue gas desulfurization unit) can be greatly reduced, or even not set up.

3. The invention provides an alternative scheme for device transformation. If the supplementary combustion capacity of the regenerator of the old device is insufficient, or the capacity of the flue gas treatment system is insufficient due to the inferior quality of supplementary fuel, or the capacity of the main fan of the device is insufficient, the present invention can be used; the modification content is small and the modification cost is low.

4. If the heat supplement provided by the present invention uses green power resources, the carbon emission index of the device can be greatly reduced.

5. The external heating equipment provided by the present invention can better control the supplementary heat by adjusting the slide valve on the outlet pipe of the shell, and then better control the temperature of the regenerator. The life of the electric heating is longer and the maintenance and repair are more convenient .

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the application scope of the present invention is not limited.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of electric heater structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the heat supplementing equipment outside the regenerator of the fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the external heat supplementing equipment of the regenerator of another kind of fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of heat supplementary equipment outside the regenerator of another fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the top view of catalyst distributor straight pipe structure among the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a top view of the Y-shaped tube structure of the catalyst distributor in the present invention.

The reference signs shown in it are: 1-electric heater, 2-regenerator, 3-main air distribution pipe, 4-main air pipeline, 1-1-electric heating wire, 1-2 wear-resistant sleeve; 1-3 Rib; 1-4 support; 1-5 explosion-proof cable; 1-6 power supply, 5- electric heater shell, 5-1 shell inlet pipe; 5-2 shell outlet pipe; 5-4 shell balance Tube; 5-5 buffer boss; 5-6 catalyst distributor; 5-7 fluidized steam ring; 5-8 lifting standpipe; 6- slide valve.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

The invention proposes a heat supplementing equipment and method outside a regenerator of a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processing device, which converts electric energy into heat energy, and then transfers the heat energy to the regenerator. The equipment for converting electric energy into heat energy is an electric heater 1, which consists of electric heating wire 1-1, wear-resistant casing 1-2, ribs 1-3, support 1-4, explosion-proof cable 1-5, power supply Composed of 1-6, the power supply 1-6 is preferably 6000V or 10000V high-voltage AV power, the power supply is connected to the heating wire 1-1 through the explosion-proof cable 1-5, and the heating wire 1-1 is a high-temperature heating wire, which can generate a high temperature of about 1000 ° C; The heating wire 1-1 is installed in the wear-resistant sleeve 1-2. The wear-resistant sleeve 1-2 keeps the heating wire on the one hand and transmits heat on the other hand. The ribs 1-3 are attached to the wear-resistant sleeve 1-2 surface to enhance heat transfer. The power supply 1-6 can supply power to multiple sets of heating wires 1-1 at the same time.

As shown in Figure 2, the catalyst bed of the regenerator 2 is a first-stage bed and a second-stage bed, and an electric heater shell 5 is arranged outside the regenerator, and the electric heater shell 5 includes a shell inlet pipe 5-1, a shell Body outlet pipe 5-2, fluidizing ring 5-7; shell inlet pipe 5-1 connects the upper part of the electric heater shell 5 with the bed of the regenerator 2, and the shell outlet pipe 5-2 connects the electric heater The lower part of the housing 5 is connected to the second-stage bed of the regenerator 2; the fluidized rings 5-7 are arranged at the lower part of the electric heater housing. The electric heater wear-resistant sleeve 1-2 is vertically installed inside the electric heater shell 5 relying on the support 1-4 and other welding parts, the explosion-proof cable 1-5 is located outside the electric heater shell 5, and the shell outlet pipe 5 -2 sets spool 6.

The electric heater housing 5 also includes a housing balance line 5-4, a buffer boss 5-5 and a slide valve 6; the housing balance line 5-4 is drawn from the housing above the entrance position of the housing inlet pipe 5-1 Connected to the regenerator 2; the buffer boss 5-5 is set at the interface between the casing inlet pipe 5-1 and the electric heater casing 5; the slide valve 6 is installed on the casing outlet pipe.

The cold catalyst in the first stage of the regenerator 2 bed enters the electric heater shell 5 through the shell inlet pipe 5-1, and can be heated by a high-temperature electric heater. -2 returns to the second-stage bed of the regenerator 2, and uses the slide valve 6 to control the hot catalyst flow, thereby better controlling the temperature of the regenerator. The fluidizing ring 5-7 is fed with pressurized air to maintain the fluidized state of the catalyst in the electric heater casing 5, and the fluidizing gas in the electric heater casing 5 can be sent to the regenerator through the casing balance line 5-4.

Accompanying drawing 3 is on the basis of accompanying drawing 2, connects catalyst distributor 5-6 after housing outlet pipe 5-2 enters regenerator 2, two typical structures of catalyst distributor 5-6, the first kind of structure is " straight pipe "The structure is shown in Figure 5, with a slot on the bottom or side of the straight pipe; the second structure is a "Y" tube structure, as shown in Figure 6, with a slot on the bottom or side of the distribution pipe. The role of the catalyst distributor is to evenly distribute the returning hot catalyst in the regenerator.

Accompanying drawing 4 has increased lifting standpipe 5-8 with respect to accompanying drawing 3, and housing outlet pipe 5-2 end connects lifting standpipe 5-8, connects lifting standpipe 5-8 and connects catalyst distributor 5-6, utilizes The lift air lifts the hot catalyst to regenerator 2. The effect of adopting the lifting standpipe 5-8 is to realize that the catalyst is led out from a certain bed in the regenerator 2, and then returns to the same bed after being heated by the external heating equipment, so that it is easier to realize pressure balance.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a fluidized bed light hydrocarbon processingequipment's outer concurrent heating equipment of regenerator, includes the regenerator, main wind distribution pipe, main wind pipeline, its characterized in that: the electric heater is arranged in an electric heater shell, and the electric heater shell is arranged outside the regenerator; the electric heater housing comprises a housing inlet pipe, a housing outlet pipe, and a fluidization ring; the upper part of the electric heater shell is connected with the regenerator through a shell inlet pipe, and a shell outlet pipe is connected with the lower part of the electric heater shell and the regenerator; the fluidizing ring is arranged in the lower part of the electric heater shell.

2. The external regenerator diathermy device of claim 1, wherein: the electric heater comprises a high-temperature electric heating wire, a wear-resistant sleeve supporting piece, an explosion-proof cable and a power supply; the high-temperature electric heating wire is arranged in the wear-resistant sleeve; the anti-explosion cable is connected with the high-temperature heating wire at one end of the wear-resistant sleeve, the other end of the anti-explosion cable is connected with a power supply, and the power supply supplies power to the high-temperature heating wire.

3. The external regenerator diathermy device of claim 2, wherein: the electric heater wear-resistant sleeve is vertically arranged in the electric heater shell, and the porosity of the cross section of the electric heater shell is 0.4-0.9.

4. The external regenerator diathermy device of claim 2, wherein: the electric heater at least comprises a high-temperature electric heating wire and a wear-resistant sleeve, and at most 100 electric heating wires are arranged.

5. The external regenerator heat makeup apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the wear-resistant sleeve is externally lined with a wear-resistant lining and is of a light pipe structure, a T-shaped finned pipe structure, a ribbed pipe structure or a light pipe surface heat transfer nail structure.

6. The external regenerator diathermy device of claim 1, wherein: the electric heater shell also comprises a shell balance line, a buffering boss and a slide valve; the shell balance line is led out from the shell above the inlet position of the shell inlet pipe and connected to the regenerator, and the fluidizing gas in the shell of the electric heater can be sent to the regenerator through the shell balance line; the buffering boss is arranged at the interface position of the shell inlet pipe and the shell of the electric heater, so that the catalyst is prevented from directly impacting a wear-resistant sleeve of the electric heating wire; the slide valve is mounted on the housing outlet pipe to regulate the catalyst flow.

7. The external regenerator heat makeup apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: a catalyst distributor is also arranged in the regenerator, and the outlet pipe of the shell is connected with the catalyst distributor after entering the regenerator. The catalyst distributor serves to distribute the returned catalyst evenly within the regenerator.

8. The external regenerator diathermy device of claim 7, wherein: when the catalyst distributor is in a straight pipe structure, a notch is formed at the bottom or the side surface of the straight pipe; when the reagent distributor is in a Y-shaped pipe structure, a notch is formed at the bottom or the side surface of the distribution pipe.

9. The external regenerator diathermy device of claim 6 or 7, wherein: the device is also provided with a lifting vertical pipe, the shell outlet pipe is connected with the regenerator through the lifting vertical pipe, a lifting medium is introduced into the bottom of the lifting vertical pipe, and the catalyst is lifted to the regenerator along the lifting vertical pipe.

10. The external regenerator heat makeup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the electric heater in the electric heater shell is contacted with the fluidized catalyst, the electric heater is used for heating the catalyst, the heat is supplemented to the regenerator, and the temperature of the regenerator is maintained to be 650-800 ℃.

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