CN115304921B - High-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve, preparation method thereof and overhead cable - Google Patents
High-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve, preparation method thereof and overhead cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN115304921B CN115304921B CN202211099475.1A CN202211099475A CN115304921B CN 115304921 B CN115304921 B CN 115304921B CN 202211099475 A CN202211099475 A CN 202211099475A CN 115304921 B CN115304921 B CN 115304921B
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- resistant cable
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc silicate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O XSMMCTCMFDWXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004110 Zinc silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000019352 zinc silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WZJUBBHODHNQPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-1,3,5,7,2$l^{3},4$l^{3},6$l^{3},8$l^{3}-tetraoxatetrasilocane Chemical compound C[Si]1O[Si](C)O[Si](C)O[Si](C)O1 WZJUBBHODHNQPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920006260 polyaryletherketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LSQARZALBDFYQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LSQARZALBDFYQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- INZANXALRBCFKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-fluorocyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl)-(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound FC1(C(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)CC=CC=C1 INZANXALRBCFKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of cable materials, and particularly discloses a high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve, a preparation method thereof and an overhead cable. The high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of silicon rubber, 5-10 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 20-30 parts of epoxy resin, 20-30 parts of polyether-ether-ketone, 10-15 parts of white carbon black, 2-5 parts of tetramethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane, 5-10 parts of zinc silicate, 10-20 parts of carbon fiber, 3-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-1 part of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 2-4 parts of vulcanizing agent. The overhead cable protective sleeve has the advantages that the heat-resistant temperature can reach 332.5-346.0 ℃, after the overhead cable protective sleeve is placed in an environment of 300 ℃ and 0.5MPa for 30min, the elongation is as low as 28-38%, the permanent deformation rate after cooling is as low as 2-5%, the high-temperature resistance of the cable protective sleeve is excellent, and the durability in high temperature is good.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cable materials, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve, a preparation method thereof and an overhead cable.
Background
An overhead cable (known as overhead insulated cable) is an overhead conductor with an insulating layer and a protective sheath, and is a special cable manufactured by adopting a cross-linked cable production process, and is a new transmission mode between the overhead conductor and an underground cable.
The protective sleeve of the overhead cable generally adopts a silica gel layer, such as vinyl silicone rubber, which can normally work in a certain temperature range, but when the temperature continues to rise, the silica gel can age rapidly, and the normal use of the overhead cable is seriously affected. Therefore, for application environments requiring higher temperatures, the current overhead cable is not suitable, and there is a need to study an overhead cable having excellent aging resistance even at high temperatures.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the high temperature resistance of the overhead cable and improve the durability of the overhead cable in a high temperature environment, the application provides a high temperature resistant cable protective sleeve, a preparation method thereof and a cable.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a high temperature resistant cable protection sleeve, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of silicon rubber, 5-10 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 20-30 parts of epoxy resin, 20-30 parts of polyether-ether-ketone, 10-15 parts of white carbon black, 2-5 parts of tetramethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane, 5-10 parts of zinc silicate, 10-20 parts of carbon fiber, 3-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-1 part of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 2-4 parts of vulcanizing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber is modified by using the silicon rubber, the ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, the epoxy resin and the polyether-ether-ketone as the base materials, and then the epoxy resin is mixed with the silicon rubber and the polyether-ether-ketone under the high temperature condition, so that the high temperature resistance of the sheath material can be effectively improved; white carbon black, zinc silicate and carbon fiber are compounded to be used as filler, and the white carbon black is an important reinforcing filler in a reinforcing filling system, has important influence on the physical and mechanical properties and the processing technology of rubber sizing materials, and is beneficial to improving the durability of a cable protective sleeve; zinc silicate is a colorless trigonal crystal, has a specific gravity of 4.103 and a melting point of 1512 ℃, has excellent high temperature resistance, can absorb heat acting on a cable protection sleeve by dispersing the zinc silicate in a base material system, reduces the damage effect of high temperature on the base material, and improves the durability of the cable protection sleeve in a high-temperature environment; the carbon fiber also has excellent high temperature resistance, the carbon fiber is dispersed in a base material system, so that the carbon fiber can absorb heat acting on the cable protective sleeve, the carbon fiber is matched with zinc silicate to form a dotted line combined heat absorption and dispersion network, the heat acting on the cable protective sleeve is absorbed and dispersed to a greater extent, the damage effect of high temperature on the base material is reduced, and the durability of the cable protective sleeve in a high-temperature environment is improved.
Preferably, the carbon fiber is a modified carbon fiber subjected to sizing treatment.
By adopting the technical scheme, the dispersion of the carbon fiber can be improved by the sizing treatment, the dispersion effect of the carbon fiber in the base material is improved, and the heat absorption and dispersion network formed by the carbon fiber and the zinc silicate fully acts in the base material, so that the heat absorption and dispersion effect of the cable protective sleeve on the base material is further improved, the damage effect of high temperature on the base material is reduced, and the durability of the cable protective sleeve in a high-temperature environment is improved.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of sizing agent
Dissolving a phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in a weight ratio of 1:1 in water, and then adding chloroform to form a mixed solution, wherein the addition amount of the chloroform is 5-10% of that of the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer by weight; ultrasonically shearing the mixed solution, and evaporating chloroform in the mixed solution to obtain a sizing agent;
2) Sizing treatment
Soaking carbon fiber in the sizing agent obtained in the step 1) for 5-10min; and then extruding the redundant sizing agent and drying to obtain the modified carbon fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer is used as the main raw material of the sizing agent, and the chemical structure of the prepared sizing agent is similar to that of the polyetheretherketone resin matrix, so that good interface compatibility is provided between the carbon fiber and the polyetheretherketone matrix; the sizing agent can be firmly adhered to the surface of the carbon fiber through pi-pi interaction and Van der Waals force, and physical entanglement and diffusion between a sizing agent molecular chain and a polyether-ether-ketone resin matrix molecular chain can also enhance the interfacial adhesion of the composite material; the ketone group in the polyether-ether-ketone resin matrix can form a hydrogen bond with the carboxyl group in the sizing agent, so that the interfacial bonding of the carbon fiber and the base material matrix is further promoted. The overall strength of the cable protection material is improved, and the durability of the cable protection sleeve is improved.
Preferably, the preparation method of the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 2-4 parts of 4,4' -difluorobenzophenone, 0-0.3 part of phenolphthalein, 2-5 parts of phenolphthalein, 1-2 parts of potassium carbonate, 3-5 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 6-8 parts of toluene according to parts by weight under the nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 120-130 ℃, and then carrying out reflux reaction for 3 hours at the temperature; then heating to 165-175 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours to obtain a reaction product, adding the reaction product into hydrochloric acid solution for discharging, and then filtering, washing and drying to obtain the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer.
By adopting the technical scheme, the synthesized polymer contains a large number of aromatic elements with rigid skeleton structures, and the interaction between the strong polar carboxyl groups in the side chains is also beneficial to improving the glass transition temperature of the polymer, and the glass transition temperature is higher than that of polyether-ether-ketone, so that the thermal performance of the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer is improved, and the thermal performance of the cable protective sleeve is ensured.
Preferably, the weight ratio of phenolphthalein to phenolphthalein is (5-7): 100.
by adopting the technical scheme, the ratio of the phenolphthalein to the phenolphthalein can change the number of carboxyl groups on the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer and the molecular weight of the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer; the introduction of carboxyl is beneficial to improving the hydrophilicity of the carbon fiber and improving the bonding strength of the carbon fiber and a base material matrix, but excessive carboxyl introduction can lead to poor thermal stability of the polymer, so that the heat resistance of the polymer is reduced; in addition, excessive carboxyl is introduced to raise the molecular weight of the polymer, and excessive molecular weight is unfavorable for improving the interface combination of the carbon fiber and the base material matrix; within the scope of the definition of the present application, the thermal stability of the polymer and the improvement effect on the interfacial bonding of the carbon fibers to the matrix of the binder reach relatively better levels.
Preferably, the dispersing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: (4-5): epoxidized soybean oil, anionic polyacrylamide and polyoxyethylene of (2-3).
By adopting the technical scheme, the epoxidized soybean oil can be grafted on the surface of the white carbon black, so that the polarity of the white carbon black is reduced, and the compatibility of the white carbon black and a base material matrix is improved; the surface groups and the surface of the carbon fiber have a certain amount of negative charges, and the anionic polyacrylamide can increase the electronegativity of the surface of the carbon fiber, so that the repulsive force among the carbon fibers is increased, and the dispersion condition of the carbon fibers is improved; the polyoxyethylene has certain adhesiveness and can be adsorbed on the surface of zinc silicate to form a layer of smooth and non-sticky hydration mould to organize zinc silicate particle agglomeration. The epoxy soybean oil, the anionic polyacrylamide and the polyoxyethylene are matched to ensure that the inorganic filler is uniformly dispersed in the base material system, thereby being beneficial to improving the heat resistance of the material.
Preferably, the zinc silicate is zinc silicate surface-modified by a coupling agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the surface treatment of the silane coupling agent can improve the wettability of the surface of the zinc silicate, improve the bonding capability between the zinc silicate and organic matters and be beneficial to improving the strength of the material.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a high temperature resistant cable protection sleeve, which adopts the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing ethylene propylene diene monomer and epoxy resin, heating to 200-220 ℃, preserving heat for 30-40min, then adding cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and preserving heat for 20-30min to obtain a first product;
s2, mixing and heating the silicon rubber, the polyether-ether-ketone and the first product obtained in the step S1 to 220-240 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours to obtain a second product;
s3, mixing and grinding white carbon black and zinc silicate, heating to 350-400 ℃, then adding tetramethyl cyclotetrasiloxane, and dispersing to obtain auxiliary materials;
s4, uniformly mixing the carbon fibers with the auxiliary materials and the dispersing agent obtained in the step S3 after dispersing, then mixing the carbon fibers with a vulcanizing agent and a second product, mixing the mixture for 2-3 hours at 220-240 ℃, and then extruding and plasticity to obtain the high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preparation method is simple and easy to operate, has no special requirement on equipment, and is suitable for industrial production.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an overhead cable prepared using any one of the above-described high temperature resistant cable protective jackets.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. as the silicone rubber, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the epoxy resin and the polyether-ether-ketone are adopted as the base materials, the white carbon black, the zinc silicate and the carbon fiber are adopted as the filler, the heat-resistant temperature of the prepared cable protective sleeve can reach 332.5-346.0 ℃, after the cable protective sleeve is placed for 30min in the environment of 300 ℃ and 0.5MPa, the elongation is as low as 28-38%, the permanent deformation rate is as low as 2-5% after cooling, the high-temperature resistance of the cable protective sleeve is excellent, and the durability of the cable protective sleeve in high temperature is good.
2. In the application, the aqueous sizing agent is preferably used for sizing the carbon fibers, so that the bonding strength of the carbon fibers and the base material is improved, and the durability of the cable protective sleeve at high temperature is improved.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Examples of preparation of starting materials and/or intermediates
Raw materials
The raw materials of the examples of the present application can be obtained commercially:
the epoxy resin is E50 epoxy resin;
polyether-ether-ketone molecular weight 328.31;
the vulcanizing agent is dicumyl peroxide.
Preparation example
Preparation examples I-1 to I-5
A phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer is prepared by the following steps:
according to the proportion of the table 1, 4' -difluorobenzophenone, phenolphthalein, potassium carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide and toluene are uniformly mixed under the nitrogen atmosphere, heated to 125 ℃, and then reflux reacted for 3 hours at the temperature; then heating to 170 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours, recycling toluene in the process to obtain a reaction product, slowly pouring the reaction product into hydrochloric acid solution with the mass percent concentration of 10% for discharging, filtering, washing with water, and vacuum drying at 120 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer.
TABLE 1 preparation examples I-1 to I-5 raw materials proportioning table (kg)
| Preparation example I-1 | PREPARATION EXAMPLE I-2 | Preparation example I-3 | PREPARATION EXAMPLE I-4 | PREPARATION EXAMPLE I-5 | |
| 4,4' -difluorobenzophenone | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 |
| Phenolphthalein | 0.30 | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.28 | 0.20 |
| Phenolphthalein | 2 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| Potassium carbonate | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Dimethyl sulfoxide | 5 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 |
| Toluene (toluene) | 6 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 7 |
Preparation example II-1
A modified carbon fiber is prepared by the following steps:
1) Preparation of sizing agent
1kg of the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer obtained in preparation example I-1 and 1kg of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide are dissolved in 200L of water, and then 0.1kg of chloroform is added to form a mixed solution; ultrasonically shearing the mixed solution for 10min, and evaporating chloroform in the mixed solution by a rotary evaporator to obtain a sizing agent;
2) Sizing treatment
Soaking carbon fibers in acetone for 48 hours, taking out, alternately cleaning with deionized water and ethanol, drying at 120 ℃ for 3 hours, and then soaking in the sizing agent obtained in the step 1) for 10 minutes; and then extruding the excessive sizing agent and drying for 3 hours at 120 ℃ to obtain the modified carbon fiber.
Preparation examples II-2 to II-5
Unlike preparation II-1, the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymers in preparation II-2 to II-5 in step 1) are derived from preparation I-2 to I-5, respectively.
Preparation example III-1
A preparation method of the modified zinc silicate comprises the following steps:
and (3) soaking the zinc silicate particles in a silane coupling agent KH-570, fishing out after 20min, and drying at 80 ℃ for 1h to obtain the modified zinc silicate.
Examples
Examples 1 to 3
A high temperature resistant cable protective sleeve comprises the following preparation method:
s1, mixing ethylene propylene diene monomer and epoxy resin according to the raw material ratio of the table 2, heating to 200 ℃, preserving heat for 40min, then adding cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and preserving heat for 20min to obtain a first product;
s2, mixing and heating the silicon rubber, the polyether-ether-ketone and the first product obtained in the step S1 to 220 ℃ according to the raw material ratio of the table 2, and preserving heat for 3 hours to obtain a second product;
s3, mixing and grinding white carbon black and zinc silicate according to the raw material ratio of the table 2, heating to 350 ℃, then adding tetramethyl cyclotetrasiloxane, and dispersing to obtain auxiliary materials;
s4, uniformly mixing the carbon fibers subjected to ultrasonic dispersion with the auxiliary materials and the dispersing agent obtained in the step S3 according to the raw material ratio of the table 2, then mixing the mixture with a vulcanizing agent and a second product, mixing the mixture for 3 hours at 220 ℃, and then extruding and plasticizing the mixture to obtain the high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve;
wherein the dispersing agent is polyoxyethylene.
Table 2 examples 1-3 raw materials proportioning Table (kg)
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Silicone rubber | 40 | 45 | 50 |
| Ethylene propylene diene monomer | 10 | 8 | 5 |
| Epoxy resin | 20 | 25 | 30 |
| Polyether-ether-ketone | 30 | 25 | 20 |
| White carbon black | 10 | 12 | 15 |
| Tetramethyl cyclotetrasiloxane | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Zinc silicate | 5 | 8 | 10 |
| Carbon fiber | 20 | 15 | 10 |
| Dispersing agent | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.5 |
| Vulcanizing agent | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Examples 4 to 8
Unlike example 2, the carbon fibers in examples 4 to 8 were replaced with the same amount of modified carbon fibers from preparation examples II-1 to II-5, respectively.
Example 9
Unlike example 8, the zinc silicate was replaced with an equivalent amount of modified zinc silicate from preparation III-1 in example 9.
Examples 10 to 13
The differences from example 9 are detailed in Table 3, with respect to the dispersants in examples 10-13.
Table 3 dispersant formulation (kg) in examples 9-13
| Example 9 | Example 10 | Example 11 | Example 12 | Example 13 | |
| Epoxidized soybean oil | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Anionic polyacrylamide | 0.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.5 |
| Polyoxyethylene | 4.0 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.0 |
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Different from example 1, the proportions of the raw materials are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 comparative example 1-raw materials proportioning Table (kg)
Performance test
Detection method/test method
Performance tests were performed on the cable jackets of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-5, and the test results are shown in table 5:
the jacket materials of examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were subjected to tabletting by using a MZ-4102 tablet press, and the heat-resistant temperature of each group of samples was measured by using a thermogravimetric analyzer TGA (thermal gravimetric analysis) meter according to GB/T528-82 standard.
The jacket materials of examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were left to stand at 300℃for 30 minutes under 0.5MPa, and then, with reference to GB/T2951.21-2008, elongation and permanent deformation after cooling were measured.
TABLE 5 Performance test results
As can be seen from the combination of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-5 and Table 5, the cable protective jacket material in examples 1-13 has a higher heat resistance temperature than comparative examples 1-5 and a lower elongation and deformation than comparative examples 1-5, which means that the cable protective jacket prepared by the present application has a high heat resistance temperature, a small deformation in a 300 ℃ high temperature environment, and a strong durability in a high temperature environment.
By combining the embodiment 1 with the comparative examples 1 to 3 and combining the table 5, it can be seen that the base material in the comparative example 1 does not contain ethylene propylene diene monomer, the base material in the comparative example 2 does not contain epoxy resin, and the base material in the comparative example 3 does not contain polyether ether ketone, and compared with the embodiment 1, the heat-resistant temperature in the comparative examples 1 to 3 is reduced, and the elongation and the deformation rate are increased, which is probably because the silicone rubber, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the epoxy resin and the polyether ether ketone are used as the base materials, and the epoxy resin modifies the ethylene propylene diene monomer under the high temperature condition and is mixed with the silicone rubber and the polyether ether ketone, so that the high temperature resistance of the sheath material can be effectively improved.
As can be seen from the combination of example 1 and comparative example 4 and the combination of table 5, the comparative example 1 does not contain tetramethyl cyclotetrasiloxane, and the heat-resistant temperature in comparative example 4 is reduced, and the elongation and deformation rate are increased, compared with the comparative example 1, probably because tetramethyl cyclotetrasiloxane and white carbon black can be compounded to form a reinforcing agent, so that the high temperature resistance of the cable protective sleeve material is effectively improved.
As can be seen from the combination of example 1 and comparative example 5 and the combination of table 5, the absence of carbon fiber in comparative example 5 results in a decrease in heat resistant temperature and an increase in elongation and deformation rate compared to example 1, probably because carbon fiber and zinc silicate cooperate to form a dotted-line combined heat absorption and dispersion network, which absorbs and disperses heat applied to the cable jacket to a greater extent, reduces the destructive effect of high temperature on the base material, and improves the durability of the cable jacket in high temperature environments.
As can be seen from the combination of examples 2 and examples 4 to 8 and the combination of table 5, the heat resistance temperature of the cable protective jacket material in examples 4 to 8 is higher than that in example 2, and the elongation and deformation rate are lower than those in example 2, which is probably because the sizing agent prepared by the application has excellent high temperature resistance per se, and the sizing agent is used for treating the carbon fiber, so that the bonding strength between the carbon fiber and the matrix can be improved, and the durability of the carbon fiber and the matrix can be further improved.
By combining the embodiment 9 with the embodiment 10-13 and combining the table 5, it can be seen that the heat-resistant temperature of the cable protective sleeve material in the embodiment 10-13 is higher than that in the embodiment 9, and the elongation and the deformation rate are lower than those in the embodiment 9, probably because the epoxy soybean oil, the anionic polyacrylamide and the polyoxyethylene are compounded to be used as the dispersing agent, the dispersing effect of the white carbon black, the zinc silicate and the carbon fiber in the base material is improved, the heat absorption and dispersing network combined by the dotted line is more uniform, and the high temperature resistance of the cable protective sleeve material is improved.
The present embodiment is merely illustrative of the present application and is not intended to be limiting, and those skilled in the art, after having read the present specification, may make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution as required, but is protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of silicon rubber, 5-10 parts of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber, 20-30 parts of epoxy resin, 20-30 parts of polyether-ether-ketone, 10-15 parts of white carbon black, 2-5 parts of tetramethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane, 5-10 parts of zinc silicate, 10-20 parts of carbon fiber, 3-5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-1 part of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 2-4 parts of vulcanizing agent.
2. A high temperature resistant cable protective sheath according to claim 1, wherein: the carbon fiber is modified carbon fiber subjected to sizing treatment.
3. A high temperature resistant cable protective sheath according to claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the modified carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of sizing agent
Dissolving a phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in a weight ratio of 1:1 in water, and then adding chloroform to form a mixed solution, wherein the addition amount of the chloroform is 5-10% of that of the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer by weight; ultrasonically shearing the mixed solution, and evaporating chloroform in the mixed solution to obtain a sizing agent;
2) Sizing treatment
Soaking carbon fiber in the sizing agent obtained in the step 1) for 5-10min; and then extruding the redundant sizing agent and drying to obtain the modified carbon fiber.
4. A high temperature resistant cable protective sheath according to claim 3, wherein: the preparation method of the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 2-4 parts of 4,4' -difluorobenzophenone, 0-0.3 part of phenolphthalein, 2-5 parts of phenolphthalein, 1-2 parts of potassium carbonate, 3-5 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and 6-8 parts of toluene according to parts by weight under the nitrogen atmosphere, heating to 120-130 ℃, and then carrying out reflux reaction for 3 hours at the temperature; then heating to 165-175 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours to obtain a reaction product, adding the reaction product into hydrochloric acid solution for discharging, and then filtering, washing and drying to obtain the phenolphthalein type polyaryletherketone polymer.
5. The high temperature resistant cable protective sheath according to claim 4, wherein: the weight ratio of the phenolphthalein to the phenolphthalein is (5-7): 100.
6. a high temperature resistant cable protective sheath according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: (4-5): epoxidized soybean oil, anionic polyacrylamide and polyoxyethylene of (2-3).
7. A high temperature resistant cable protective sheath according to claim 1, wherein: the zinc silicate is zinc silicate subjected to surface modification by a coupling agent.
8. A method for preparing the high temperature resistant cable protective cover according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing ethylene propylene diene monomer and epoxy resin, heating to 200-220 ℃, preserving heat for 30-40min, then adding cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and preserving heat for 20-30min to obtain a first product;
s2, mixing and heating the silicon rubber, the polyether-ether-ketone and the first product obtained in the step S1 to 220-240 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 hours to obtain a second product;
s3, mixing and grinding white carbon black and zinc silicate, heating to 350-400 ℃, then adding tetramethyl cyclotetrasiloxane, and dispersing to obtain auxiliary materials;
s4, uniformly mixing the carbon fibers with the auxiliary materials and the dispersing agent obtained in the step S3 after dispersing, then mixing the mixture with a vulcanizing agent and a second product, mixing the mixture for 2-3 hours at 220-240 ℃, and then extruding the mixture to obtain the high-temperature-resistant cable protective sleeve.
9. An overhead cable prepared using the high temperature resistant cable protective sheath of any one of claims 1-7.
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