CN115300126A - Tibial laser sight, system and method of use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tibial laser sight, a system and a using method, belonging to the technical field of medical equipment. Including the front strut and the side strut perpendicular to the anterior strut, the force line laser is arranged on the anterior strut, and the force line laser can project a line laser perpendicular to the anterior strut to indicate the tibial force line, and the side strut The upper sliding connection is provided with a swingable retrograde laser, which can project a line laser for indicating the retrograde angle of the tibia. The tibial laser sight, the system and the using method of the present invention are convenient for doctors to search for anatomical landmarks, do not damage the tibial medullary cavity, have accurate positioning and simple operation.

Description

Tibia laser aimer, system and method of use

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a tibial laser aiming device, system and usage method.

Background technique

The knee joint is an important load-bearing joint of the lower limbs, and its structure and function are the most complex among human joints. Degenerative knee osteoarthropathy is a common disease in the elderly, and severe knee osteoarthrosis requires artificial knee replacement. Knee replacement can relieve knee pain, improve knee function, correct knee deformity and achieve long-term stability.

Proximal knee tibial osteotomy is the most important step in knee arthroplasty, and the entire knee tibial treatment is based on the osteotomy plane after this step. The instrument for the proximal tibial osteotomy of the knee joint is the proximal osteotomy locator, which is divided into two types: intramedullary positioning and extramedullary positioning. Angle setting.

Intramedullary positioning is achieved by inserting a force rod into the tibial medullary cavity. The advantage is accurate positioning, but the disadvantage is that it will damage the tibial medullary cavity. Extramedullary positioning is performed by external brackets, which is the mainstream operation at present. Its advantage is that it does not damage the tibial medullary cavity. The disadvantage is that the positioning accuracy is not good, and it is cumbersome, and requires experienced doctors to operate.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tibial laser aiming device, a system and a use method that do not damage the tibial medullary cavity, are accurate in positioning, and are easy to operate.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides technical solutions as follows:

In one aspect, a tibial laser aiming device is provided, which includes a transverse strut for being fixed on the vertical support of the extramedullary positioner, and the transverse strut includes a front strut and a side perpendicular to the front strut. A strut, the front strut is provided with a force line laser, and the force line laser can project a line laser perpendicular to the front strut for indicating the tibial force line, and the side strut is slidably connected with a An oscillating retroversion laser capable of projecting a line laser indicating tibial retroversion angle.

Further, the line-of-force laser includes a first housing, and a first laser element for projecting a line laser is arranged on an end surface of the first housing;

And/or, the end of the front strut is provided with a rearward extension plate, and the force line laser is fixed on the rearward extension plate.

Further, the backward tilting laser includes a base that is slidably connected to the side support rod, and a second housing that is swingably mounted on the base, and the end surface of the second housing is provided with a The second laser element of the line laser, the backward tilting laser also includes a first locking device for locking the base on the side support rod, and a rear locking device for swinging and adjusting the second housing. and an adjustment lock locking the second housing to the base.

Further, a hinge column is provided on the end surface of the second housing opposite to the base, and a hinge hole matching the hinge column is provided on the base, and the second laser element is located on the End faces of hinged columns.

Further, the lower end of the end surface of the second housing opposite to the base is provided with a vertically extending button installation groove, and the adjustment and locking device is a button slidingly connected in the button installation groove, and the button and The opposite end surface of the base is provided with a positioning protrusion, the base is provided with an arc-shaped positioning groove for accommodating the positioning protrusion, and the inner side wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove is provided with a Raised mating toothed discs.

Further, the button includes a button main body, and a convex guide rail is provided on the button main body, and the positioning protrusion is provided on the convex guide rail; the button installation groove is matched with the convex guide rail Convex rail groove;

And/or, the lower end of the positioning protrusion is pointed, and the toothed disc is provided on the lower side wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove;

And/or, a spring for keeping the button at the locked position is provided in the button installation groove.

On the other hand, a tibial laser aiming system is provided, which includes an extramedullary locator, and the extramedullary locator sequentially includes an ankle gripper, a vertical bracket and a lateral positioning plate from bottom to top, and the vertical bracket is provided with the above-mentioned tibia laser sight.

Further, the vertical bracket is fixed with a pole connecting piece, the pole connecting piece is provided with a female interface, and the front pole is provided with a male joint, which matches the female interface, And a second locking device for locking the connector male head in the interface female head.

In another aspect, a method for using the above-mentioned tibial laser aiming system is provided, the method comprising:

Step 1: Adjust the line of force laser so that the line laser projected by the line of force laser coincides with the axis of the vertical support of the extramedullary locator;

Step 2: adjusting the retroverted laser so that the line laser projected by the retroverted laser is parallel to the front edge of the tibia;

Step 3: adjusting the backward tilt angle of the backward tilt laser to a preset angle;

Step 4: Lock the retroverted laser, and adjust the vertical support so that the line laser projected by the retroverted laser is parallel to the front edge of the tibia.

Further, the preset angle is the posterior tilt angle of the tibia before operation.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the tibial laser sight, system and method of use of the present invention, the front strut of the transverse strut of the tibial laser sight is provided with a force line laser, and the force line laser can project a line of force perpendicular to the front strut for indicating the tibial force line. The line laser of the tibial laser aimer is slidably connected to the side strut of the lateral strut of the tibial laser aiming device. Technology, the present invention uses two lasers to project two beams of laser light to the tibia position of the human body to indicate the force line of the tibia and the retroversion angle of the tibia respectively, which is convenient for doctors to search for anatomical landmarks, and does not destroy the tibial medullary cavity, with accurate positioning and easy operation. easy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of tibial laser aiming system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the tibial laser aiming device in the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the L-shaped transverse strut of the tibial laser aiming device in the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the line of force laser device of the tibial laser aiming device in the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the backward tilting laser of the tibial laser aiming system in the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the second housing of the backward tilting laser of the tibial laser aiming device in the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention, wherein (a) is a perspective view in one direction, and (b) is a perspective view in another direction;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the base of the backward tilting laser of the tibial laser aiming device in the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the button of the backward tilting laser of the tibial laser aiming device in the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention;

9 is a schematic structural view of the extramedullary locator in the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention, wherein (a) is a perspective view, and (b) is an enlarged view of the strut connector in (a);

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the tibial laser aiming system in one direction of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of another direction of use of the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following will describe in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right" etc. are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. Orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

On the one hand, the present invention provides a tibial laser aiming device, as shown in Fig. 1-11, comprising a transverse strut 1 (specifically L-shaped) for being fixed on the vertical bracket 5 of the extramedullary locator, horizontally The strut 1 includes a front strut 11 (specifically, the front strut 11 is used to place on the front side of the tibia 10) and a side strut 12 perpendicular to the front strut 11 (specifically, the side strut 12 is used to place tibia 10 inside), the front strut 11 is provided with a line of force laser 2, and the force line laser 2 can project a line laser M perpendicular to the front strut 11 for indicating the line of force P of the tibia 10, and the side strut 12 is slidably connected There is a pivotable retroversion laser 3 which can project a line laser N for indicating the retroversion angle of the tibia 10 .

In the tibial laser sight of the present invention, the front strut of the transverse strut of the tibial laser sight is provided with a force line laser, and the force line laser can project a line laser perpendicular to the front strut for indicating the tibial force line. The lateral strut of the laser aiming device is slidably connected with a swingable retroverted laser, which can project a line laser for indicating the tibial retroverted angle. Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts Two lasers project two beams of laser light to the position of the human tibia to indicate the tibial force line and tibial retroversion angle respectively, which is convenient for doctors to find anatomical landmarks without destroying the tibial medullary cavity, with accurate positioning and easy operation. The invention is mainly applicable to tibial extramedullary positioning osteotomy operation for knee joint replacement, and is used for assisting the alignment of tibial force line of knee joint and setting of tibial retroversion angle.

Line of force laser 2 preferably adopts the following structure:

As shown in FIG. 4 , the line of force laser 2 may include a first housing 21 , and a first laser element 22 for projecting the line laser M is provided on the end surface of the first housing 21 (the end surface opposite to the front side of the tibia 10 ). As shown in Figure 3 , the end of the front strut 11 can be provided with a rearward extension plate 13, and the force line laser 2 is fixed (specifically, the first housing 21 of the force line laser 2 can be fixed by screws) on the rearward extension plate. 13, to facilitate the fixed line of force laser 2.

In order to make the backward tilting laser 3 swingable and slidably connected to the side strut 12, the present invention preferably adopts the following structural form:

As shown in Figure 2 and Figures 5-8, the backward tilting laser 3 may include a base 31 slidably connected to the side support rod 12, and a second housing 32 swingably mounted on the base 31, the second housing 32 A second laser element 33 for projecting the line laser N is provided on the end face of the back (the end face opposite to the inner side of the tibia 10), and the retroverted laser 3 also includes a first lock for locking the base 31 on the lateral strut 12. A tightening device 34, and an adjustment locking device for locking the second housing 32 on the base 31 after swinging and adjusting the second housing 32.

When in use, after the reclining laser 3 is combined with the side strut 12 of the L-shaped transverse strut 1, the base 31 of the reclining laser 3 is driven to slide back and forth on the side strut 12 to a suitable position, and the first locking The device 34 locks the base 31 on the side support bar 12 to adapt to the corresponding tibia 10 of patients with different fat and thin. At the same time, the relative angle between the second housing 32 and the base 31 can be adjusted and locked by adjusting the locking device. , and then adjust the posterior tilt angle of the tibia 10 to meet intraoperative requirements. An angle scale 321 can be provided on the second housing 32 to facilitate the adjustment of the retroversion angle of the tibia 10. The value of the angle scale 321 can be flexibly set according to the needs of the operation, for example, it can be 0 degrees, 3 degrees, 5 degrees, 7 degrees , 9 degrees, etc.

As shown in Figures 5-7, in order to make the second housing 32 swing and fit on the base 31 conveniently, a hinge column 322 may be provided on the end surface of the second housing 32 opposite to the base 31, and a hinge column 322 may be provided on the base 31. The hinge hole 311 is matched with the hinge column 322 , and the second laser element 33 is located on the end surface of the hinge column 322 .

The adjustment locking device is used to lock the second housing 32 on the base 31 after swinging and adjusting the second housing 32, and it preferably adopts the following structural form:

As shown in Figures 5-8, the lower end of the end face of the second housing 32 opposite to the base 31 can be provided with a vertically extending button installation groove 323, and the adjustment locking device is a button 35 that is slidably connected in the button installation groove 323. 35 is provided with a positioning protrusion 351 on the end surface opposite to the base 31, and the base 31 is provided with an arc-shaped positioning groove 312 for accommodating the positioning protrusion 351, and the inner side wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove 312 is provided with a positioning protrusion. 351 matched toothed disc 313.

During use, the drive button 35 slides in the button installation groove 323, so that the positioning protrusion 351 on the button 35 is separated from the toothed disc 313 on the inner side wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove 312 of the base 31, and the second housing 32 is unlocked. At this time, the second housing 32 can be swung along the hinge column 322 to adjust the posterior inclination angle of the tibia 10; when the second housing 32 needs to be locked on the base 31, the drive button 35 slides in the button installation groove 323 , so that the positioning projection 351 on the button 35 engages with the toothed disc 313 again, and the second housing 32 becomes locked, so as to lock the posterior tilt angle of the tibia 10 .

As shown in Figure 8, the button 35 can include a button main body 352, the button main body 352 is provided with a convex guide rail 353, and the convex guide rail 353 is provided with a positioning protrusion 351; The convex guide rail groove enables the button 35 to slide stably in the button installation groove 323, preventing the button 35 from coming out of the button installation groove 323.

Continue as shown in Figure 5-8, the lower end of positioning protrusion 351 can be pointed, and the lower side wall of arc-shaped positioning groove 312 is provided with toothed disc 313; The spring 36 in the locking position is used to quickly lock the retroversion angle of the tibia 10, which is convenient for use in the operation, and improves the stability and firmness between the positioning protrusion 351 and the toothed disc 313, so that the second housing 32 is firmly locked on the base. Seat 31. At this time, pressing the button 35 can make the second casing 32 into an unlocked state, and releasing the button 35 can make the second casing 32 into a locked state.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a tibial laser aiming system, as shown in Fig. 1-11, which includes an extramedullary locator, and the extramedullary locator includes an ankle 4, a vertical bracket 5 and a lateral positioning plate from bottom to top. 6. The above-mentioned tibial laser sight is arranged on the vertical support 5 . Since the structure of the tibial laser aiming device is the same as above, it will not be repeated here.

In the tibial laser aiming system of the present invention, the front strut of the transverse strut of the tibial laser aimer is provided with a force line laser, and the force line laser can project a line laser perpendicular to the front strut for indicating the tibial force line. The lateral strut of the laser aiming device is slidably connected with a swingable retroverted laser, which can project a line laser for indicating the tibial retroverted angle. Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts Two lasers project two beams of laser light to the position of the human tibia to indicate the tibial force line and tibial retroversion angle respectively, which is convenient for doctors to find anatomical landmarks without destroying the tibial medullary cavity, with accurate positioning and easy operation.

As shown in Figures 1 and 9, the ankle-holding device 4 can include a support rod 41 and an ankle-holding clamping portion 42 connected to the end of the support rod 41. Above, the upper end of the vertical support 5 is hinged to one end of the transverse positioning plate 6, and the lower surface of the other end of the transverse positioning plate 6 is provided with a fixing nail 61 for fixing to the tibial plateau 20, and the fixing nail 61 is nailed into the tibial plateau 20 during use, It provides a fulcrum for adjusting the tilt angle of the tibia 10 .

Further, in order to adapt to tibias 10 of different lengths, the vertical support 5 may include a sleeve 51, a positioning rod 52 slidingly connected in the sleeve 51 up and down, and a locking mechanism for locking the relative positions of the sleeve 51 and the positioning rod 52 device. The locking device can adopt conventional technical means in the field. For example, the locking device includes a ratchet surface arranged on one side of the positioning rod 52 , and a ratchet wheel rotatably fitted on the sleeve 51 to cooperate with the ratchet surface.

For convenience, the tibial laser aimer is installed on the vertical support 5, can adopt various structural forms that those skilled in the art can think of easily, such as welding, bonding etc.; However, for easy dismounting, the present invention preferably adopts the following structural forms:

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 9, a pole connector 53 can be fixed on the vertical support 5 (sleeve 51), and the pole connector 53 is provided with an interface female head 54 (specifically, the pole connector 53 is away from One side of tibia 10 is provided with interface female head 54, and interface female head 54 can be square through groove), and front strut 11 is provided with the connector male head 14 that matches with interface female head 54 (can be square protrusion/insert plate), and the second locking device 15 for locking the connector male head 14 in the interface female head 54.

When in use, insert the connector male 14 on the front pole 11 into the interface female 54 of the pole connector 53 of the vertical support 5, and utilize the second locking device 15 to lock the connector male 14 on the interface female. In the head 54, and then the tibial laser sight is fixed on the vertical bracket 5.

The first locking device 34 and the second locking device 15 in the present invention can adopt various structural forms that those skilled in the art can easily think of, however, for the convenience of implementation, the first locking device 34 and the second locking device 15 in the present invention Both locking devices 15 can be locking knobs for pressing and fixing.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned tibial laser aiming system, the method comprising:

Step 1: Adjust the line of force laser 2 so that the line laser M projected by the line of force laser 2 coincides with the axis of the vertical bracket 5 of the extramedullary positioner (see FIG. 10 );

Step 2: adjusting the retroverted laser 3 so that the line laser N projected by the retroverted laser 3 is parallel to the front edge of the tibia;

In this step, the backward tilt angle displayed on the backward tilt laser 3 is first adjusted to 0 degrees (the scale is reset to zero). After the backward tilt laser 3 is combined with the side strut 12 of the L-shaped transverse strut 1, the backward tilt laser The line laser N emitted by 3 is projected onto the inner side of the tibia 10, and the base 31 of the backward tilting laser 3 is driven to slide back and forth on the side struts 12, so as to adapt to the corresponding tibia 10 of different fat and thin patients, so that the backward tilting laser 3 projects The line laser N is parallel to the front edge of the tibia 10 (that is, the straight line O where the front edge of the tibia 10 is located), and the first locking device 34 is used to lock the base 31 on the side strut 12 to complete the definition of 0-degree retroversion of the retrograde laser ;

Step 3: adjusting the backward tilt angle of the backward tilt laser 3 to a preset angle;

In this step, the preset angle can be the retroversion angle of the preoperative tibia 10, that is, the retroversion angle obtained by the doctor according to the preoperative measurement; when in use, press the button 35 to compress the spring 36, and the positioning protrusion 351 on the button 35 Separated from the toothed plate 313 on the inner wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove 312 of the base 31, the second housing 32 becomes an unlocked state, and the backward tilting laser 3 can be swung and adjusted to a preset angle. After the adjustment is completed, release the button 35. Under the action of the spring force of the spring 36, the positioning projection 351 is pressed into the teeth of the toothed disc 313 again, and the second housing 32 becomes locked, so as to lock the angle of the laser 3 that is currently tilted backward.

Step 4: locking the backward tilting laser 3, and adjusting the vertical support 5, so that the line laser N projected by the backward tilting laser 3 is parallel to the front edge of the tibia;

In this step, since the top of the vertical support 5 of the extramedullary locator of the tibial laser aiming system is provided with a tibial osteotomy, the osteotomy surface of the tibial osteotomy is always perpendicular to the vertical support 5 of the extramedullary locator ( That is, the knife groove of the tibial osteotomy is always 90 degrees to the vertical support 5), and the vertical support 5 is pulled backward to make the osteotomy face of the tibial osteotomy tilt backward; The emitted line laser N is parallel to the vertical support 5, that is, parallel to the front edge of the tibia 10. When the line laser N projected by the backward tilting laser 3 is adjusted to a certain angle (such as a preset angle), it is aligned with the vertical support. 5 is also at a certain angle. At this time, the vertical support 5 is pulled, so that the line laser N projected by the backward tilting laser 3 is parallel to the front edge of the tibia 10 again, that is, a corresponding certain angle is pulled, so a certain corresponding Angle of caster, more precise positioning.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A tibial laser aiming device, characterized in that, comprises a transverse strut for being fixed on the vertical support of the extramedullary locator, and said transverse strut comprises a front strut and is perpendicular to said front strut. side struts, the front struts are provided with line-of-force lasers, and the line-of-force lasers can project a line laser perpendicular to the front struts to indicate tibial force lines; the side struts are slidably connected There are swivel retroversion lasers that project a line laser indicating tibial retroversion angle. 2. tibial laser aiming device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described line of force laser comprises a first shell, and the end face of described first shell is provided with the first laser element for projection line laser; And/or, the end of the front strut is provided with a rearward extension plate, and the force line laser is fixed on the rearward extension plate. 3. The tibial laser aiming device according to claim 1, wherein the backward tilting laser comprises a base slidably connected to the side struts, and a second shell swing-fitted on the base body, the end face of the second housing is provided with a second laser element for projecting a line laser, and the backward tilting laser also includes a first lock for locking the base on the side support A tightening device, and an adjustment locking device for locking the second housing on the base after swinging and adjusting the second housing. 4. The tibial laser sight according to claim 3, characterized in that, the end face of the second housing opposite to the base is provided with a hinged column, and the base is provided with a hinged column. The second laser element is located on the end face of the hinged post to cooperate with the hinged hole. 5. The tibial laser sight according to claim 3, characterized in that, the lower end of the end face of the second housing opposite to the base is provided with a vertically extending button mounting groove, and the adjustment and locking device is a sliding The button connected in the button installation groove, the button is provided with a positioning protrusion on the end surface opposite to the base, and the base is provided with an arc-shaped positioning groove for accommodating the positioning protrusion, so The inner side wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove is provided with a toothed plate matching with the positioning protrusion. 6. tibial laser aiming device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described button comprises button main body, and described button main body is provided with convex guide rail, and described convex guide rail is provided with described positioning protrusion; The button installation groove is a convex guide rail groove matched with the convex guide rail; And/or, the lower end of the positioning protrusion is pointed, and the toothed disc is provided on the lower side wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove; And/or, a spring for keeping the button at the locked position is provided in the button installation groove. 7. A tibial laser aiming system is characterized in that it comprises an extramedullary locator, and the extramedullary locator includes an ankle-holding device, a vertical support and a lateral positioning plate successively from bottom to top, and the vertical support is provided with The tibial laser sight according to any one of claims 1-6. 8. The tibial laser aiming system according to claim 7, characterized in that, a strut connector is fixed on the vertical bracket, and the strut connector is provided with an interface female head, and the front strut is A connector male matched with the interface female and a second locking device for locking the connector male in the interface female are provided. 9. The method for using the tibial laser aiming system described in any one of claims 7-8, wherein the method comprises: Step 1: Adjust the line of force laser so that the line laser projected by the line of force laser coincides with the axis of the vertical support of the extramedullary locator; Step 2: adjusting the retroverted laser so that the line laser projected by the retroverted laser is parallel to the front edge of the tibia; Step 3: adjusting the backward tilt angle of the backward tilt laser to a preset angle; Step 4: Lock the retroverted laser, and adjust the vertical support so that the line laser projected by the retroverted laser is parallel to the front edge of the tibia. 10 . The method for using the tibial laser aiming system according to claim 9 , wherein the preset angle is the posterior inclination angle of the preoperative tibia. 11 .

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