CN115283629B - Method for preparing nickel-based superalloy by using double-roller casting and rolling process - Google Patents
Method for preparing nickel-based superalloy by using double-roller casting and rolling process Download PDFInfo
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及金属铸造技术领域，具体为一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of metal casting, and in particular to a method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by utilizing a twin-roll casting process.
背景技术Background technique
镍基高温合金是以镍为基体(含量一般大于50％)在650～1000℃范围内具有较高的强度和良好的抗氧化、抗燃气腐蚀能力的高温合金。镍基高温合金在高温合金领域有着重要地位，其广泛地用于制造航空喷气发动机、各种工业燃气轮机最热端部件。涡轮叶片主要是采用镍基高温合金制造，其工作环境在整个发动机内部是最恶劣的，处于高温、高压且高速旋转的条件下。与铁基高温合金相比，镍基高温合金的优点是工作温度较高、组织稳定、有害相少及抗氧化腐蚀能力强。Nickel-based superalloys are high-temperature alloys with nickel as the matrix (content is generally greater than 50%) in the range of 650-1000°C with high strength and good oxidation resistance and gas corrosion resistance. Nickel-based superalloys play an important role in the field of superalloys and are widely used in the manufacture of aviation jet engines and the hottest parts of various industrial gas turbines. Turbine blades are mainly made of nickel-based superalloys, and their working environment is the worst in the entire engine, under high temperature, high pressure and high-speed rotation. Compared with iron-based superalloys, nickel-based superalloys have the advantages of higher working temperature, stable organization, less harmful phases and strong oxidation corrosion resistance.
传统的镍基高温合金生产是将金属模铸后，再将铸锭进行锻造开坯、热轧、焊接、冷轧等方式进行加工，该生产工艺设备投资大、工序较多、表面质量差、裂纹多、成品率低，且生产效率低。为了提高生产质量、降低生产成本，迫切需求开发研制一种生产成本低、产品质量高的镍基高温合金生产工艺。The traditional production of nickel-based high-temperature alloys is to cast the metal mold, then forge the ingot, hot-roll, weld, cold-roll, etc. This production process requires large equipment investment, many processes, poor surface quality, many cracks, low yield, and low production efficiency. In order to improve production quality and reduce production costs, it is urgent to develop a nickel-based high-temperature alloy production process with low production cost and high product quality.
双辊铸轧工艺是直接将金属熔体制成半成品或成品坯材。这种工艺的显著特点是其结晶器为两个带水冷系统的旋转铸轧辊，熔体在轧辊冷却及挤压作用下经历浇注、冷却、结晶、凝固、轧制和出坯等系列的工艺过程，最终得到需要的板材，其具有生产流程简单、生产周期短、效率高、能源消耗低等优点。The twin-roll casting process is to directly make the molten metal into semi-finished or finished billets. The notable feature of this process is that its crystallizer is two rotating casting rolls with a water cooling system. Under the cooling and extrusion of the rolls, the melt undergoes a series of processes such as pouring, cooling, crystallization, solidification, rolling and billeting, and finally obtains the required plate. It has the advantages of simple production process, short production cycle, high efficiency and low energy consumption.
中国专利(CN 109822067A)使用双辊法连续制备镍基非晶合金薄带材的方法，利用普通工业原料，基于薄带铸轧工艺可以提供连续稳定凝固环境的特点，非晶形成过程流程短、冷速快且制备过程连续化。The Chinese patent (CN 109822067A) uses a twin-roll method to continuously prepare nickel-based amorphous alloy thin strips. It uses common industrial raw materials and is based on the characteristics of the thin strip casting and rolling process that can provide a continuous and stable solidification environment. The amorphous formation process is short, the cooling rate is fast, and the preparation process is continuous.
然而，由于镍基高温合金的工作环境对质量和性能有较高要求，现有制备方法无法满足工业生产需要，且虽然铸轧工艺有诸多优势，但是将其用于镍基高温合金还需要大量的研究和实验，现有技术中关于采用铸轧工艺生产镍基高温合金的工艺也未见报道。However, since the working environment of nickel-based high-temperature alloys has high requirements on quality and performance, the existing preparation methods cannot meet the needs of industrial production. Although the casting and rolling process has many advantages, its use in nickel-based high-temperature alloys still requires a lot of research and experiments. There are no reports in the existing technology on the process of producing nickel-based high-temperature alloys using the casting and rolling process.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法，采用双辊铸轧实现产品质量高的镍基高温合金的制备，生产效率高且生产成本低。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy using a twin-roll casting process, which adopts twin-roll casting to achieve the preparation of a nickel-based high-temperature alloy with high product quality, high production efficiency and low production cost.
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供了如下技术方案：According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法，包括如下步骤：A method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by using a twin-roll casting process comprises the following steps:
S1.在真空熔炼炉内放入坩埚，将镍基高温合金原料放入坩埚进行熔化，并保温一段时间，保证原料完全熔化；S1. Place a crucible in a vacuum melting furnace, place the nickel-based high-temperature alloy raw material into the crucible for melting, and keep it warm for a period of time to ensure that the raw material is completely melted;
S2.将中间包、铸轧机组置于真空保护罩中，冷却组件、剪切组件置于真空保护罩外；将完全熔化后的合金液倒入烘烤过的中间包内，静置一段时间，中间包设置加热装置对中间包内合金液进行加热保温；S2. The tundish and the casting and rolling mill are placed in a vacuum protective cover, and the cooling assembly and the shear assembly are placed outside the vacuum protective cover; the completely melted alloy liquid is poured into the baked tundish, and allowed to stand for a period of time. The tundish is provided with a heating device to heat and keep the alloy liquid in the tundish warm;
S3.待合金液温度满足浇铸温度要求，将合金液铸入双辊铸轧机组的水冷轧辊，实现高温合金的铸轧成形；S3. When the alloy liquid temperature meets the casting temperature requirements, the alloy liquid is cast into the water-cooled rolls of the twin-roll casting unit to achieve casting and rolling of the high-temperature alloy;
S4.对双辊铸轧机组铸轧成形的产品采用干冰进行冷却，控制冷却速度为600-900℃/s；S4. The products cast and rolled by the twin-roll casting unit are cooled by dry ice, and the cooling rate is controlled to be 600-900℃/s;
S5.剪切，成品。S5. Cutting, finished product.
作为本发明所述的一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法的优选方案，其中：所述步骤S1中，熔化温度为合金熔点+(150-250)℃，保温时间5-10min；具体地，所述熔化温度为例如但不限于合金熔点+150℃、合金熔点+160℃、合金熔点+170℃、合金熔点+180℃、合金熔点+190℃、合金熔点+200℃、合金熔点+210℃、合金熔点+220℃、合金熔点+230℃、合金熔点+240℃、合金熔点+250℃中的任意一者或者任意两者之间的范围；所述保温时间为5min、6min、7min、8min、9min、10min中的任意一者或者任意两者之间的范围；熔化温度和保温时间的设置保证镍基高温合金的充分熔化；As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by a twin-roll casting process described in the present invention, wherein: in the step S1, the melting temperature is the alloy melting point + (150-250) ° C, and the holding time is 5-10 min; specifically, the melting temperature is, for example but not limited to, any one of the alloy melting point + 150 ° C, alloy melting point + 160 ° C, alloy melting point + 170 ° C, alloy melting point + 180 ° C, alloy melting point + 190 ° C, alloy melting point + 200 ° C, alloy melting point + 210 ° C, alloy melting point + 220 ° C, alloy melting point + 230 ° C, alloy melting point + 240 ° C, alloy melting point + 250 ° C, or any two thereof; the holding time is any one of 5 min, 6 min, 7 min, 8 min, 9 min, 10 min, or any two thereof; the setting of the melting temperature and the holding time ensures that the nickel-based high-temperature alloy is fully melted;
作为本发明所述的一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法的优选方案，其中：所述步骤S1中，真空熔炼炉真空度保持在10-1pa以下，每隔30s对真空度进行一次检测。As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by twin-roll casting process described in the present invention, wherein: in step S1, the vacuum degree of the vacuum melting furnace is maintained below 10 -1 Pa, and the vacuum degree is detected every 30 seconds.
作为本发明所述的一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法的优选方案，其中：所述步骤S2中，真空保护罩真空度保持在10-1pa以下，每隔30s对真空度进行一次检测。通过对真空度的控制和周期检测，实现了镍基高温合金生产过程的保护。As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by a twin-roll casting process described in the present invention, wherein: in step S2, the vacuum degree of the vacuum protection cover is maintained below 10 -1 Pa, and the vacuum degree is detected every 30 seconds. By controlling the vacuum degree and periodically detecting the vacuum degree, the protection of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy production process is achieved.
作为本发明所述的一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法的优选方案，其中：所述步骤S2中，中间包加热装置为在中间包耐材内嵌入的电热丝，静置时间为60-120s。所述静置时间为例如但不限于60s、70s、80s、90s、100s、110s、120s中的任意一者或者任意两者之间的范围；在合金液倒入烘烤过的中间包后静置一段时间，有利于合金液温度的均匀，静置时间过长会造成合金液温度降低，浪费能量，且会降低生产效率；同时采用在中间包耐材内嵌入的电热丝对合金液进行加热，在提供热量的同时也不污染合金液。As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing nickel-based high-temperature alloy by twin-roll casting process described in the present invention, wherein: in the step S2, the tundish heating device is an electric heating wire embedded in the tundish refractory material, and the standing time is 60-120s. The standing time is, for example, but not limited to, any one of 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s, 100s, 110s, 120s or a range between any two; after the alloy liquid is poured into the baked tundish, it is allowed to stand for a period of time, which is conducive to the uniformity of the alloy liquid temperature. Too long a standing time will cause the alloy liquid temperature to drop, waste energy, and reduce production efficiency; at the same time, the alloy liquid is heated by the electric heating wire embedded in the tundish refractory material, which provides heat without polluting the alloy liquid.
作为本发明所述的一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法的优选方案，其中：所述步骤S3中，所述待合金液温度满足浇铸温度要求是指合金液温度为合金熔点+(150-200)℃；具体地，所述合金液温度为例如但不限于合金熔点+150℃、合金熔点+160℃、合金熔点+170℃、合金熔点+180℃、合金熔点+190℃、合金熔点+200℃中的任意一者或者任意两者之间的范围；合金液温度的设置保证铸轧过程的顺利进行。As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by a twin-roll casting process described in the present invention, wherein: in the step S3, the alloy liquid temperature meeting the casting temperature requirement means that the alloy liquid temperature is the alloy melting point + (150-200) ° C; specifically, the alloy liquid temperature is, for example but not limited to, any one of the alloy melting point + 150 ° C, alloy melting point + 160 ° C, alloy melting point + 170 ° C, alloy melting point + 180 ° C, alloy melting point + 190 ° C, alloy melting point + 200 ° C, or a range between any two of them; the setting of the alloy liquid temperature ensures the smooth progress of the casting process.
作为本发明所述的一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法的优选方案，其中：所述步骤S3中，水冷轧辊形状可根据产品进行调整，轧制压力、浇铸速度等参数也可根据产品进行调整。As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by a twin-roll casting process described in the present invention, in step S3, the shape of the water-cooled roll can be adjusted according to the product, and parameters such as the rolling pressure and the casting speed can also be adjusted according to the product.
作为本发明所述的一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法的优选方案，其中：所述步骤S4中，控制冷却速度为700-900℃/s；优选的，控制冷却速度为700-800℃/s；申请人研究发现，过小的冷却速度(＜600℃/s)将不能满足镍基高温合金产品的冷却成形需要，而过大的冷却速度(＞900℃/s)将会导致有部分干冰无法参与到冷却过程，无法实现干冰的有效利用，造成干冰的浪费；具体地，所述冷却速度为例如但不限于700℃/s、710℃/s、720℃/s、730℃/s、740℃/s、750℃/s、760℃/s、770℃/s、780℃/s、790℃/s、800℃/s中的任意一者或者任意两者之间的范围；采用干冰进行冷却，直接将干冰喷射在镍基高温合金材料表面，不仅可以快速降低镍基高温合金产品的温度，而且固态的干冰喷到热态的镍基高温合金材料表面会气化，在镍基高温合金材料表面形成CO2气体保护氛围，起到防氧化的作用，从而无需将冷却组件、剪切组件等放入真空保护罩；在实现镍基高温合金材料冷却的同时减少需要放入真空保护罩的组件的数量，降低了生产成本。而现有高温合金双辊铸轧工艺需要将中间包、铸轧机组、冷却组件、剪切组件等均放入真空保护罩，由于将实现工艺的基本所有功能组件均放入真空保护罩，一来导致需要制备的真空保护罩体积庞大，增加了生产成本；二来由于组件均位于真空保护罩内，导致个别工序操作困难，不便于工业化生产，阻碍技术的进步。As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by a twin-roll casting process described in the present invention, wherein: in the step S4, the cooling rate is controlled to be 700-900°C/s; preferably, the cooling rate is controlled to be 700-800°C/s; the applicant has found that a too small cooling rate (<600°C/s) will not meet the cooling and forming requirements of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy product, while a too large cooling rate (>900°C/s) will cause part of the dry ice to be unable to participate in the cooling process, and the effective use of the dry ice cannot be achieved, resulting in a waste of dry ice; specifically, the The cooling rate is, for example but not limited to, any one of 700°C/s, 710°C/s, 720°C/s, 730°C/s, 740°C/s, 750°C/s, 760°C/s, 770°C/s, 780°C/s, 790°C/s, 800°C/s or a range between any two of them; dry ice is used for cooling, and the dry ice is directly sprayed on the surface of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy material, which can not only quickly reduce the temperature of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy product, but also the solid dry ice will vaporize when sprayed on the surface of the hot nickel-based high-temperature alloy material, forming a CO2 gas protective atmosphere on the surface of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy material, which plays an anti-oxidation role, thereby eliminating the need to place cooling components, shearing components, etc. into a vacuum protective cover; while achieving the cooling of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy material, the number of components that need to be placed in the vacuum protective cover is reduced, thereby reducing production costs. The existing high-temperature alloy twin-roll casting and rolling process requires that the tundish, casting and rolling unit, cooling assembly, shearing assembly, etc. be placed in a vacuum protective cover. Since all the basic functional components for realizing the process are placed in the vacuum protective cover, the vacuum protective cover that needs to be prepared is bulky, which increases the production cost; secondly, since the components are all located in the vacuum protective cover, individual processes are difficult to operate, which is not convenient for industrial production and hinders the advancement of technology.
根据本发明的另一个方面，本发明提供了如下技术方案：According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
一种镍基高温合金，采用上述利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法制备得到。A nickel-based high-temperature alloy is prepared by using the method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy using a twin-roll casting process.
作为本发明所述的一种镍基高温合金的优选方案，其中：所述镍基高温合金包括但不限于GH4049合金、GH4169合金。As a preferred embodiment of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy described in the present invention, the nickel-based high-temperature alloy includes but is not limited to GH4049 alloy and GH4169 alloy.
本发明的有益效果如下：The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
本发明提出一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法，实现了双辊铸轧工艺在镍基高温合金领域的应用，制备流程少，有利于镍基高温合金的工业化规模生产，不仅适用于GH4049合金和GH4169合金，还适用于其他镍基高温合金的生产；采用真空熔炼炉、真空保护罩和干冰冷却的组合，无需将冷却组件、剪切组件等放入真空保护罩，在实现镍基高温合金冷却的同时可以减少需要放入真空保护罩的组件的数量，降低了产品质量高的镍基高温合金生产操作难度和成本。The present invention proposes a method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by utilizing a twin-roll casting process, which realizes the application of the twin-roll casting process in the field of nickel-based high-temperature alloys, has fewer preparation processes, is conducive to the industrial-scale production of nickel-based high-temperature alloys, and is not only applicable to GH4049 alloy and GH4169 alloy, but also applicable to the production of other nickel-based high-temperature alloys; a combination of a vacuum melting furnace, a vacuum protective cover and dry ice cooling is adopted, and there is no need to place a cooling component, a shearing component and the like into the vacuum protective cover, which can reduce the number of components that need to be placed in the vacuum protective cover while realizing the cooling of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of the production operation of nickel-based high-temperature alloys with high product quality.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明提出一种利用双辊铸轧工艺制备镍基高温合金的方法，采用真空熔炼炉、真空保护罩和干冰冷却的组合，无需将冷却组件、剪切组件等放入真空保护罩，在实现镍基高温合金冷却的同时可以减少需要放入真空保护罩的组件的数量，降低了产品质量高的镍基高温合金生产难度和成本；实现了双辊铸轧工艺在镍基高温合金领域的应用，制备流程少，有利于镍基高温合金的工业化规模生产，不仅适用于GH4049合金和GH4169合金，还适用于其他镍基高温合金的生产。The present invention proposes a method for preparing a nickel-based high-temperature alloy by utilizing a twin-roll casting process. The method adopts a combination of a vacuum melting furnace, a vacuum protective cover and dry ice cooling. There is no need to place a cooling component, a shearing component and the like into the vacuum protective cover. While realizing the cooling of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy, the number of components that need to be placed in the vacuum protective cover can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty and cost of producing nickel-based high-temperature alloys with high product quality. The twin-roll casting process is applied in the field of nickel-based high-temperature alloys, with fewer preparation processes, which is conducive to the industrial-scale production of nickel-based high-temperature alloys. The method is not only applicable to GH4049 alloy and GH4169 alloy, but also applicable to the production of other nickel-based high-temperature alloys.
以下以GH4049合金和GH4169合金为例进行具体说明。The following is a specific description taking GH4049 alloy and GH4169 alloy as examples.
实施例1Example 1
一种GH4049合金的制备方法，包括如下步骤：A method for preparing GH4049 alloy comprises the following steps:
S1.在真空熔炼炉内放入坩埚，将GH4049合金原料放入坩埚，升温至1560℃进行熔化，保温8min，保证原料完全熔化；S1. Place a crucible in a vacuum melting furnace, place the GH4049 alloy raw material in the crucible, heat it to 1560°C for melting, and keep it warm for 8 minutes to ensure that the raw material is completely melted;
S2.将中间包、铸轧机组置于真空保护罩中，对真空保护罩进行抽真空处理，保持真空度在10-1pa以下，将完全熔化后的GH4049合金液倒入烘烤过的中间包内，静置90s，静置的同时采用中间包加热装置对中间包内GH4049合金液进行加热保温；S2. Place the tundish and the casting and rolling unit in a vacuum protective cover, evacuate the vacuum protective cover, maintain the vacuum degree below 10 -1 Pa, pour the completely melted GH4049 alloy liquid into the baked tundish, let it stand for 90s, and use the tundish heating device to heat and keep the GH4049 alloy liquid in the tundish while standing;
S3.待合金液温度达到1520℃且静置时间达到要求，将合金液铸入双辊铸轧机组的水冷轧辊，实现高温合金的铸轧成形；S3. When the alloy liquid temperature reaches 1520°C and the standing time reaches the requirement, the alloy liquid is cast into the water-cooled rolls of the twin-roll casting unit to achieve the casting and rolling of the high-temperature alloy;
S4.对双辊铸轧机组铸轧成形的产品采用干冰进行冷却，控制冷却速度为760℃/s；S4. The products cast and rolled by the twin-roll casting unit are cooled by dry ice, and the cooling rate is controlled to 760°C/s;
S5.剪切，制备得到厚度1.2mm的GH4049合金带材。S5. Shearing to prepare a GH4049 alloy strip with a thickness of 1.2 mm.
对比例1.1Comparative Example 1.1
对比例1.1与实施例1的区别在于步骤S4采用水冷。The difference between Comparative Example 1.1 and Example 1 is that water cooling is used in step S4.
对比例1.2Comparative Example 1.2
对比例1.2与实施例1的区别仅在于合金液温度为1450℃时将合金液铸入铸轧机组的水冷轧辊。The only difference between Comparative Example 1.2 and Example 1 is that the molten alloy is cast into the water-cooled rolls of the casting and rolling unit when the molten alloy temperature is 1450°C.
实施例2Example 2
一种GH4169合金的制备方法，包括如下步骤：A method for preparing GH4169 alloy comprises the following steps:
S1.在真空熔炼炉内放入坩埚，将GH4169合金原料放入坩埚，升温至1500℃进行熔化，保温5min，保证原料完全熔化；S1. Place a crucible in a vacuum melting furnace, place the GH4169 alloy raw material in the crucible, heat it to 1500°C for melting, and keep it warm for 5 minutes to ensure that the raw material is completely melted;
S2.将中间包、铸轧机组置于真空保护罩中，对真空保护罩进行抽真空处理，保持真空度在10-1pa以下，将完全熔化后的GH4169合金液倒入烘烤过的中间包内，静置120s，静置的同时采用中间包加热装置对中间包内GH4169合金液进行加热保温；S2. Place the tundish and the casting and rolling mill in a vacuum protective cover, evacuate the vacuum protective cover, maintain the vacuum degree below 10 -1 Pa, pour the completely melted GH4169 alloy liquid into the baked tundish, let it stand for 120s, and use the tundish heating device to heat and keep the GH4169 alloy liquid in the tundish while standing;
S3.待合金液温度达到1500℃且静置时间达到要求，将合金液铸入双辊铸轧机组的水冷轧辊，实现高温合金的铸轧成形；S3. When the alloy liquid temperature reaches 1500°C and the standing time reaches the requirement, the alloy liquid is cast into the water-cooled rolls of the twin-roll casting unit to achieve the casting and rolling of the high-temperature alloy;
S4.对双辊铸轧机组铸轧成形的产品采用干冰进行冷却，控制GH4169合金材料的冷却速度为730℃/s；S4. The products cast and rolled by the twin-roll casting unit are cooled by dry ice, and the cooling rate of the GH4169 alloy material is controlled to be 730°C/s;
S5.剪切，制备得到厚度0.8mm的GH4169合金带材。S5. Shearing to prepare a GH4169 alloy strip with a thickness of 0.8 mm.
对比例2.1Comparative Example 2.1
对比例2.1与实施例2的区别在于步骤S4采用水冷。The difference between Comparative Example 2.1 and Example 2 is that water cooling is used in step S4.
对比例2.2Comparative Example 2.2
对比例2.2与实施例2的区别仅在于合金液温度为1370℃时将合金液铸入铸轧机组的水冷轧辊。The only difference between Comparative Example 2.2 and Example 2 is that the molten alloy is cast into the water-cooled rolls of the casting and rolling unit when the molten alloy temperature is 1370°C.
对采用实施例1-2和对比例1.1-1.2、2.1-2.2制备得到镍基高温合金材料进行测试分析检测，结果如表1所示。The nickel-based high-temperature alloy materials prepared by using Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1.1-1.2 and 2.1-2.2 were tested and analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
表1本发明实施例和对比例制备的镍基高温合金性能Table 1 Properties of nickel-based high-temperature alloys prepared in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples
由表1可以看出：采用干冰进行冷却和本发明限定的合金液温度范围进行浇铸，配合双辊铸轧工艺及其参数制备的镍基高温合金材料表面成形好、无缺陷发生，且组织分布均匀，满足对镍基高温合金材料的基本质量要求。It can be seen from Table 1 that the nickel-based high-temperature alloy material prepared by using dry ice for cooling and casting within the alloy liquid temperature range specified in the present invention, in combination with the twin-roll casting process and its parameters, has good surface forming, no defects, and uniform microstructure distribution, which meets the basic quality requirements for nickel-based high-temperature alloy materials.
在冷却阶段不采用干冰冷却，镍基高温合金表面会有氧化现象发生，导致表面出现凹坑等缺陷(如对比例1.1和2.1)，同时，但是由于浇铸温度与冷却速度的不匹配，导致镍基高温合金不同部位凝固速度差异较大，造成凝固组织分布不均匀的现象(如对比例1.2和2.2)，无法满足镍基高温合金对质量的基本要求。If dry ice cooling is not used in the cooling stage, oxidation will occur on the surface of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy, resulting in defects such as pits on the surface (such as comparative examples 1.1 and 2.1). At the same time, due to the mismatch between the casting temperature and the cooling rate, the solidification rates of different parts of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy vary greatly, resulting in uneven distribution of solidification structures (such as comparative examples 1.2 and 2.2), which cannot meet the basic quality requirements of nickel-based high-temperature alloys.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly/indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
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