CN115255363B - Pantograph slide plate manufacturing tooling, manufacturing method and pantograph slide plate - Google Patents
Pantograph slide plate manufacturing tooling, manufacturing method and pantograph slide plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN115255363B CN115255363B CN202210883029.3A CN202210883029A CN115255363B CN 115255363 B CN115255363 B CN 115255363B CN 202210883029 A CN202210883029 A CN 202210883029A CN 115255363 B CN115255363 B CN 115255363B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F3/04—Compacting only by applying fluid pressure, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing [CIP]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L5/00—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L5/18—Current collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
- B60L5/20—Details of contact bow
- B60L5/205—Details of contact bow with carbon contact members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pantograph slide plate manufacturing tool, a manufacturing method and a pantograph slide plate. The frock includes base shell, shaping board and lamina tecti. The pantograph slide plate comprises a slide plate body and a filling block, wherein the slide plate body is made of configured copper-based powder, and the filling block is made of configured carbon-based powder and is formed by firing and pressing. The self-lubricating reticular structure sliding plate manufactured by the invention has the characteristics of good conductivity and lubricity, greatly improves the wear resistance, and can effectively solve the problems of rapid abrasion and short running mileage of the current pantograph sliding plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, in particular to a pantograph slide plate manufacturing tool and a manufacturing method thereof and a pantograph slide plate.
Background
The pantograph is used as an important part on the electric locomotive, and mainly has the functions of contacting with the contact net and taking current to supply power for each system of the whole locomotive. The pantograph slide plate is used as an original piece directly matched with the contact net, the slide plate is required to have good shock vibration resistance, conductivity and lubricity, and the quality of the performance of the slide plate directly influences the current receiving performance of a train and the maintenance cost of the pantograph of the train, and even influences the safe operation of the train.
The bow net has larger impact vibration in the operation process of the pantograph of the part of electric locomotive, and the carbon slide plate cannot bear the larger impact vibration, so that the copper slide plate or the copper slide plate and the lubricating strip are matched to resist the impact vibration. In the actual use process, although the copper-based sliding plate can resist impact vibration, the copper-based sliding plate has the advantages of obvious short operation mileage, high abrasion speed and high maintenance cost, and the copper-based sliding plate becomes a key point problem of the current pantograph copper sliding plate of the electric locomotive, which needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve one of the technical problems and provide a pantograph slide plate with high wear resistance, and a manufacturing tool and a manufacturing method of the slide plate.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pantograph slide plate manufacturing tooling, comprising:
and (3) a base shell: forming an open shell cavity;
and (3) forming a plate: the device comprises a forming plate main body, wherein a plurality of protruding columns are arranged along the end face of the forming plate main body, and the size of the forming plate is configured to be capable of being placed into a shell cavity;
Top cover plate: the device comprises a top cover plate main body, wherein a plurality of through holes are formed along the top cover plate main body, and the size of the top cover plate is configured to be placed in a shell cavity;
the size of the through hole is matched with the size of the protruding column so as to be suitable for the protruding column to be inserted into the through hole.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the protruding column is a hexagonal prism, and the through hole is a hexagonal hole.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the protruding column is in a shape with a narrow top and a wide bottom; the through hole has a diameter-variable structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the top cover body includes a first plate surface and a second plate surface, wherein the first plate surface side forms a protruding mesa, and the through hole is located in the protruding mesa.
In some embodiments of the present invention, there is further provided a method for manufacturing a pantograph slide plate, including the steps of:
preparing copper-based powder, including copper powder and copper-based metal powder, and uniformly mixing;
Preparing carbon-based powder comprising carbon powder and carbon-based metal powder, and uniformly mixing;
Placing a forming plate in a shell cavity of a base shell, placing copper-based powder above the forming plate, placing a top cover plate above the copper-based powder, aligning through holes with protruding columns, and compacting to obtain a prefabricated slide plate;
placing the top cover plate in the shell cavity of the base shell, placing carbon-based powder in the through hole, aligning one side of the forming plate with the protruding column with the through hole, and compacting to obtain a carbon strip prefabricated member;
the slide plate prefabricated member and the carbon strip prefabricated member are respectively subjected to firing shaping treatment;
loading the carbon strip prefabricated part obtained after firing treatment into a through hole of a prefabricated part of the pantograph pan, and pressing and shaping to obtain the pantograph pan;
And (3) firing and shaping the pressed and shaped pantograph slide plate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the copper-based powder includes:
copper powder: 60-82 parts;
The copper-based metal powder includes:
Tin powder: 4-10 parts; lead powder: 1-5 parts; iron powder: 6-15 parts; carbon powder: 0.1-5 parts; nickel powder: 0.05 to 1.2 portions; manganese powder: 0.02-2 parts; aluminum powder: 0.02-2 parts; magnesium powder: 0.01 to 2 parts; titanium powder: 0.01 to 1 part.
In some embodiments of the invention, the carbon-based powder comprises:
75-90 parts of carbon powder;
the carbon-based metal powder includes:
Copper powder: 1-10 parts; tin powder: 0.1-8 parts; lead powder: 0.1-5 parts; iron powder: 0.1-2 parts; nickel powder: 0.05 to 1 part.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of: before the pantograph slide plate is manufactured, an anti-adhesive agent is coated on the base shell, the forming plate and the top cover plate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the slide plate prefabricated part, the carbon strip prefabricated part and the pantograph slide plate firing shaping are performed in a firing furnace;
S1: injecting protective gas into the firing furnace to empty oxygen;
s2: heating the firing furnace:
When the slide plate prefabricated member is baked and shaped, the temperature of a baking furnace is raised to 550-1000 ℃;
when the carbon strip prefabricated member is fired and shaped, the temperature of a firing furnace is increased to 800-1500 ℃;
when the pantograph slide plate is fired and shaped, the temperature of a firing furnace is raised to 700-1000 ℃;
S3: the constant temperature maintaining treatment is carried out on the firing furnace:
When the slide plate prefabricated member is baked and shaped, the constant temperature holding time is 6-12 hours;
when the carbon strip prefabricated member is baked and shaped, the constant temperature holding time is 4-8 hours;
when the pantograph slide plate is baked and shaped, the constant temperature holding time is 6-12 hours;
S4: cooling the firing furnace: releasing the protective gas in the firing furnace, and re-flushing the cooled protective gas.
In some embodiments of the present invention, there is further provided a pantograph slide plate including:
a slide plate body: is made of copper-based powder, on which a plurality of a slide plate body through hole;
filling blocks: the carbon-based powder is adopted to manufacture and is filled in the through hole of the sliding plate body.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the through hole of the sliding plate body is a hexagonal through hole, and the filling block is a hexagonal prism block.
The invention provides a pantograph slide plate manufacturing tool, a manufacturing method and a pantograph slide plate, which have the beneficial effects that:
The design of the pantograph slide plate is that copper-based powder and carbon-based powder are respectively pressed and formed through a special tool, and then the pressed and formed net-shaped copper slide plate and carbon strips are assembled, pressed and sintered. The sliding plate has the advantages that the good conductivity of copper and the good lubricity of carbon are simultaneously considered, additional lubricating materials are not needed, the wear resistance of the sliding plate can be improved on the premise that the use requirement of the current sliding plate is met, and the maintenance cost of the sliding plate is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1a is a schematic structural diagram of a tool for manufacturing a pantograph slide plate.
Fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top cover plate.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a slide preform structure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the carbon strip preform and the skateboard preform.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a pantograph slide plate structure.
Wherein:
1-a base shell, 101-a shell cavity and 102-a step chamfer structure;
2-forming plates, 201-projecting columns;
3-top cover plate, 301-through hole, 302-protruding mesa;
4-a slide plate prefabricated member;
5-carbon strip prefabricated parts;
601-a slide plate body, 602-filling blocks.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In describing the present application, it should be noted that: the fixed connection can be detachable fixed connection or integrated fixed connection; the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. The terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and not for purposes of implying relative importance.
The first embodiment of the invention provides a pantograph slide plate manufacturing tool which is used for constant production of a pantograph slide plate.
Referring to fig. 1a and 1b, the structure of the pantograph slide plate manufacturing tool includes:
base shell 1: forming an open shell cavity 101, and arranging a circumferential step chamfer 102 along the inner peripheral wall of the shell cavity 101; in this embodiment, the base housing 1 is a rectangular housing, which matches the shape of the pantograph slide plate.
Forming plate 2: comprises a forming plate main body (in a rectangular plate shape), a plurality of protruding columns 201 are arranged along the end face of the forming plate main body, and the forming plate 2 is sized to be placed at the bottom of the base shell 1; the step chamfer 102 serves as an auxiliary guide during the process of placing the forming plate 2 in the base shell 1.
Top cover plate 3: comprises a top cover plate main body (in a rectangular plate shape), a plurality of through holes 301 are arranged along the top cover plate main body, and the top cover plate 3 is configured to be placed in the shell cavity;
the size of the through-hole 301 is matched with the size of the protruding column 201 so that the protruding column 201 can be inserted into the through-hole 301.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the protruding pillars 201 are hexagonal prisms, and the through holes 301 are hexagonal holes.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the protruding column 201 is in a shape with a narrow top and a wide bottom; the through hole 301 has a tapered structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the top cover body includes a first board side and a second board side, wherein the first board side forms a protruding mesa 302, and the through hole 301 is located at a section of the protruding mesa 302. The protruding mesa 302 segment is also a mesa having a smaller cross-sectional area with respect to the first-board-side end surface. This configuration facilitates positioning during the manufacture of the pantograph slide plate, the specific principles of which will be described in greater detail below.
In the pressing process, the forming plate 2 places the bottom surface side in the inner cavity of the base shell 1 pressed by the sliding plate. The lower surface of the sliding plate pressing top cover plate 3 is of a boss structure, the middle structure is a plurality of six-sided cylindrical holes with taper, the function of the boss structure can be used for preliminary molding of the pressing cover pressing copper sliding plate prefabricated part 5, and also can be used for molding grinding tools of the carbon strip prefabricated part 4, carbon-based powder ingredients are injected into the inner hole of the sliding plate pressing top cover plate 3 and are pressed through a hydraulic press, the six-sided cylindrical taper of the sliding plate pressing top cover plate 3 corresponds to the six-sided cylindrical taper of the sliding plate pressing forming plate 2 one by one, and therefore the carbon strip prefabricated part 4 pressed through the sliding plate pressing forming plate 2 can be completely matched and pressed into the inner hole of the sliding plate prefabricated part 5.
In a second embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a pantograph slide plate is provided, and the manufacturing method needs to use the pantograph manufacturing tool provided in the first embodiment.
The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
1. And preparing copper-based powder, wherein the copper-based powder comprises copper powder and copper-based metal powder, and mixing uniformly.
The copper-based powder is prepared by taking copper powder as a main raw material and comprises metal powder such as tin, lead, iron, nickel, zinc, manganese, aluminum, magnesium, carbon, titanium and the like.
In some embodiments of the invention, the copper-based powder includes:
copper powder: 60-82 parts;
The copper-based metal powder includes:
Tin powder: 4-10 parts; lead powder: 1-5 parts; iron powder: 6-15 parts; carbon powder: 0.1-5 parts; nickel powder: 0.05 to 1.2 portions; manganese powder: 0.02-2 parts; aluminum powder: 0.02-2 parts; magnesium powder: 0.01 to 2 parts; titanium powder: 0.01 to 1 part.
2. Preparing carbon-based powder comprising carbon powder and carbon-based metal powder, and uniformly mixing;
The carbon-based powder material mainly uses carbon powder as a main raw material and comprises metal powder such as copper, tin, lead, iron, nickel and the like.
In some embodiments of the invention, the carbon-based powder comprises:
75-90 parts of carbon powder;
the carbon-based metal powder includes:
Copper powder: 1-10 parts; tin powder: 0.1-8 parts; lead powder: 0.1-5 parts; iron powder: 0.1-2 parts; nickel powder: 0.05 to 1 part.
And after the preparation of the copper-based powder raw material and the carbon-based powder raw material is finished, respectively and uniformly mixing. Specifically, the copper-based powder ingredients and the carbon-based powder ingredients are respectively put into a special ingredient mixer for full mixing, the mixer is required to be set for 5-24 hours for full mixing of the ingredients, the mixing time can be adjusted according to the rotating speed of the mixer, and the rotating speed of the mixer is controlled to be 5-80 r/min.
3. The slide plate prefabricated member 4 is prepared by placing the forming plate in the cavity of the base shell, placing the copper-based powder above the forming plate 2, placing the top cover plate 3 above the copper-based powder, aligning the through holes 301 with the protruding columns 201, and compacting.
Specifically, the base shell 1, the molding plate 2, and the top cover plate 3 are first coated with an anti-adhesive agent. Fully mixed copper-based powder ingredients are filled into a slide plate pressing tool, the fully mixed copper-based powder ingredients are flatly paved on a forming plate 2, redundant ingredients are scraped off, one side of a slide plate pressing top cover plate 3 with a protruding table top 302 is pressed into a base shell 1, in the pressing process of the top cover plate 3, one side of the protruding table top 302 faces downwards, the copper-based powder ingredients firstly enter a shell cavity and firstly contact with a protruding column 201, and the protruding column 201 can be smoothly inserted into a through hole 301. And applying a certain pre-pressure on the surface of the sliding plate pressing top cover plate 3 through a hydraulic press to preliminarily mold the copper sliding plate, taking down the sliding plate pressing top cover plate 3 and the sliding plate pressing molding plate 2, and forming a sliding plate prefabricated member 4 structure shown in figure 2.
4. The top cover plate is placed in the shell cavity of the base shell, carbon-based powder is placed in the through hole 301, one side of the forming plate 2 with the protruding column is aligned with the through hole 301, and the carbon strip prefabricated part 5 is obtained through compression.
Specifically, after step 3, the base shell 1, the forming plate 2 and the top cover plate 3 are cleaned, and the base shell 1, the forming plate 2 and the top cover plate 3 can be coated with the anti-adhesive again. Placing the slide plate pressing top cover plate 3 into the slide plate pressing base shell 1, placing fully mixed carbon-based powder ingredients into the inner hole wall of the slide plate pressing top cover plate 3, placing the hexagonal column end face of the slide plate pressing plate 2 downwards, applying a certain pre-pressing force through a hydraulic press to enable the carbon strips to be formed preliminarily, taking down the tooling and the carbon strips, and enabling the structure of the formed carbon strip prefabricated member 5 to be visible as shown in fig. 3.
5. And respectively carrying out firing setting treatment on the prefabricated part of the sliding plate and the prefabricated part of the carbon strip.
And (3) firing the slide plate prefabricated member 4, putting the pressed slide plate prefabricated member into a firing furnace, filling protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen, and discharging oxygen-containing air in the firing furnace. The embryonic form firing is divided into three processes, namely a heating and temperature rising process, a constant temperature maintaining process and a cooling and temperature lowering process. And (3) continuously filling protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen into the furnace before heating to ensure that the pressure in the furnace is kept between 5 and 20Mpa, and heating the internal temperature of the firing furnace to 550-1000 ℃. And maintaining the temperature in the furnace at 550-1000 ℃ for 6-12 hours. And stopping heating after the constant temperature maintaining process is finished, releasing the protective gas in the furnace, and simultaneously re-filling the cooled protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen, so that the cooling time is shortened in a cold-in and hot-out mode until the sliding plate is cooled to the room temperature.
And (3) firing the carbon strip prefabricated member 5, putting the pressed carbon strip prefabricated member into a firing furnace, filling protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen, and discharging oxygen-containing air in the firing furnace. The firing of the carbon strip embryonic form is also divided into three processes, namely a heating and temperature rising process, a constant temperature maintaining process and a cooling and temperature lowering process. And (3) continuously filling protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen into the furnace before heating to ensure that the pressure in the furnace is kept between 10 and 20Mpa, and heating the internal temperature of the firing furnace to 800-1500 ℃. And keeping the temperature in the furnace at 800-1500 ℃ for 4-8 hours under constant temperature. And stopping heating after the constant temperature maintaining process is finished, releasing the protective gas in the furnace, and simultaneously re-filling the cooled protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen, so that the cooling time is shortened in a cold-in and hot-out mode until the carbon strips are cooled to the room temperature.
6. And (3) putting the carbon strip prefabricated part obtained after the firing treatment into a through hole of the prefabricated part of the pantograph pan, and pressing and shaping to obtain the pantograph pan.
The pressing and shaping comprises pressing and loading the carbon strip prefabricated member 5 into an inner hole of the slide plate prefabricated member 4, and pressing the whole compactness of the slide plate. The carbon strip prefabricated part 5 is loaded from the bottom of the copper slide prefabricated part 4, the carbon strip prefabricated part 5 is pressed into the hole of the copper slide prefabricated part 4 by pressing through a hydraulic press, and the shape after pressing is shown in fig. 4. And (3) pressing the whole compactness of the sliding plate, putting the sliding plate into a pressing grinding tool, and applying certain pressure through hydraulic pressure to ensure that the whole compactness of the sliding plate and the carbon strips is enhanced.
7. And (3) firing and shaping the pressed and shaped pantograph slide plate.
And (3) putting the slide plate after the compression molding into a firing furnace again for shaping and firing, and filling protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen into the firing furnace before shaping and firing to exhaust the oxygen-containing air inside. The shaping firing is divided into three processes, namely a heating and temperature rising process, a constant temperature maintaining process and a cooling and temperature lowering process. And (3) continuously filling protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen into the furnace before heating to ensure that the pressure in the furnace is kept between 5 and 10Mpa, and heating the internal temperature of the sintering furnace to 700-1000 ℃. And keeping the temperature in the furnace at 700-1000 ℃ for 6-12 hours under constant temperature. And stopping heating after the constant temperature maintaining process is finished, releasing the protective gas in the furnace, and simultaneously re-filling the cooled protective gas hydrogen or nitrogen, so that the cooling time is shortened in a cold-in and hot-out mode until the sliding plate is cooled to the room temperature.
Through the steps, the pantograph slide plate is basically machined. The following subsequent processing steps may be further included.
8. And (5) machining. The machining of the sliding plate comprises drilling, tapping, chamfering, surface polishing and the like.
9. Packaging and storing. The self-lubricating reticular structure sliding plate has high copper content, and the storage aspect needs to be careful to place oxidation. And (3) coating an oil film on the surface of the self-lubricating reticular structure sliding plate, packaging the sliding plate with oil film paper, and storing the sliding plate in a low-temperature airtight place.
A third embodiment of the present invention provides a pantograph slide plate, with reference to fig. 4, comprising:
slide body 601: is made of copper-based powder, on which a plurality of a slide plate body through hole;
Filling block 602: the carbon-based powder is adopted to manufacture and is filled in the through hole of the sliding plate body.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the through hole of the sliding plate body is a hexagonal through hole, and the filling block 602 is a hexagonal prism block, and has a narrower side and a wider side. The through holes 301 and the outer walls of the carbon strips are tapered, the upper end faces are smaller, and the carbon strips cannot fall off from the copper sliding plate structure due to the tapered surfaces, so that the sliding plate is guaranteed to have good lubricity and safety.
The self-lubricating reticular structure sliding plate manufactured by the invention has the characteristics of good conductivity and lubricity, greatly improves the wear resistance, and can effectively solve the problems of rapid abrasion and short running mileage of the current pantograph sliding plate.
The sliding plate has the graphite lubrication function, so that the traditional copper-based sliding plate and a lubrication strip can be omitted from being matched for use, and the pantograph structure of the monorail vehicle is simplified. Meanwhile, the condition that the traditional sliding plate influences the current receiving quality due to the fact that the lubricating material forms an insulating film on the surfaces of the sliding plate and the contact net can be avoided, so that the current receiving quality is improved, and the arcing phenomenon is reduced.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a pantograph slide manufacturing method adopts the pantograph slide to make frock realization, its characterized in that, the pantograph slide makes frock includes:
and (3) a base shell: forming an open shell cavity;
and (3) forming a plate: the device comprises a forming plate main body, wherein a plurality of protruding columns are arranged along the end face of the forming plate main body, and the size of the forming plate is configured to be capable of being placed into a shell cavity;
Top cover plate: the device comprises a top cover plate main body, wherein a plurality of through holes are formed along the top cover plate main body, and the size of the top cover plate is configured to be placed in a shell cavity; the top cover plate main body comprises a first plate surface and a second plate surface, wherein a convex table surface is formed on the first plate surface side and is rectangular and is a table surface with a smaller cross section area relative to the end surface of the first plate surface side;
the size of the through hole is matched with the size of the protruding column so as to be suitable for the protruding column to be inserted into the through hole;
The manufacturing method of the pantograph slide plate comprises the following steps:
preparing copper-based powder, including copper powder and copper-based metal powder, and uniformly mixing;
Preparing carbon-based powder comprising carbon powder and carbon-based metal powder, and uniformly mixing;
Placing a forming plate in a shell cavity of a base shell, placing copper-based powder above the forming plate, placing a top cover plate above the copper-based powder, aligning through holes with protruding columns, and compacting to obtain a prefabricated slide plate;
placing the top cover plate in the shell cavity of the base shell, placing carbon-based powder in the through hole, aligning one side of the forming plate with the protruding column with the through hole, and compacting to obtain a carbon strip prefabricated member;
the slide plate prefabricated member and the carbon strip prefabricated member are respectively subjected to firing shaping treatment;
loading the carbon strip prefabricated part obtained after firing treatment into a through hole of a prefabricated part of the pantograph pan, and pressing and shaping to obtain the pantograph pan;
And (3) firing and shaping the pressed and shaped pantograph slide plate.
2. The method of manufacturing a pantograph slide plate according to claim 1, wherein the protruding pillar has a hexagonal prism shape and the through hole has a hexagonal hole.
3. The method of manufacturing a pantograph slide plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the projecting pillar is in a shape of narrow upper part and wide lower part; the through hole has a diameter-variable structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part.
4. The method of manufacturing a pantograph slide plate according to claim 1, wherein the through hole is located in the protruding mesa.
5. The method of manufacturing a pantograph slide plate according to claim 1, wherein the copper-based powder includes:
copper powder: 60-82 parts;
The copper-based metal powder includes:
Tin powder: 4-10 parts; lead powder: 1-5 parts; iron powder: 6-15 parts; carbon powder: 0.1-5 parts; nickel powder: 0.05 to 1.2 portions; manganese powder: 0.02-2 parts; aluminum powder: 0.02-2 parts; magnesium powder: 0.01 to 2 parts; titanium powder: 0.01 to 1 part.
6. The method of manufacturing a pantograph slide plate according to claim 1, wherein the carbon-based powder includes:
75-90 parts of carbon powder;
the carbon-based metal powder includes:
Copper powder: 1-10 parts; tin powder: 0.1-8 parts; lead powder: 0.1-5 parts; iron powder: 0.1-2 parts; nickel powder: 0.05 to 1 part.
7. The method of manufacturing a pantograph slide plate according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: before the pantograph slide plate is manufactured, an anti-adhesive agent is coated on the base shell, the forming plate and the top cover plate.
8. The method of manufacturing a pantograph pan of claim 1, wherein the pan preform, the carbon strip preform, and the pantograph pan firing setting are performed in a firing furnace;
S1: injecting protective gas into the firing furnace to empty oxygen;
s2: heating the firing furnace:
When the slide plate prefabricated member is baked and shaped, the temperature of a baking furnace is raised to 550-1000 ℃;
when the carbon strip prefabricated member is fired and shaped, the temperature of a firing furnace is increased to 800-1500 ℃;
when the pantograph slide plate is fired and shaped, the temperature of a firing furnace is raised to 700-1000 ℃;
S3: the constant temperature maintaining treatment is carried out on the firing furnace:
When the slide plate prefabricated member is baked and shaped, the constant temperature holding time is 6-12 hours;
when the carbon strip prefabricated member is baked and shaped, the constant temperature holding time is 4-8 hours;
when the pantograph slide plate is baked and shaped, the constant temperature holding time is 6-12 hours;
S4: cooling the firing furnace: releasing the protective gas in the firing furnace, and re-flushing the cooled protective gas.
9. A pantograph slide plate manufactured by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
a slide plate body: is made of copper-based powder, on which a plurality of a slide plate body through hole;
filling blocks: the carbon-based powder is adopted to manufacture and is filled in the through hole of the sliding plate body.
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