CN115250679B - Seed pelleting method for soil-alien spray seeding - Google Patents
Seed pelleting method for soil-alien spray seeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN115250679B CN115250679B CN202210998527.2A CN202210998527A CN115250679B CN 115250679 B CN115250679 B CN 115250679B CN 202210998527 A CN202210998527 A CN 202210998527A CN 115250679 B CN115250679 B CN 115250679B
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- YTPMCWYIRHLEGM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 1-[(e)-2-propylsulfonylethenyl]sulfonylpropane Chemical compound CCCS(=O)(=O)\C=C\S(=O)(=O)CCC YTPMCWYIRHLEGM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YDCPQRQGABOSRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;urea Chemical compound [Fe].NC(N)=O YDCPQRQGABOSRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 76
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 40
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000002066 Amorpha fruticosa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004047 Amorpha fruticosa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000744304 Elymus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000234642 Festuca Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000511730 Leymus chinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 3
- -1 acrylic ester Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical group [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001046 green dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/38—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with wax or resins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a seed pelleting method for soil-alien spray seeding, which belongs to the technical field of seed pelleting and comprises the following specific operation steps: seed pretreatment, seed pelleting and coating. The seed pellets prepared by the invention can be uniformly dispersed in a spray-seeding matrix, so that the germination rate of seeds is improved, and the problems of nutrient substance loss and rainwater soaking caused by rain wash before rooting and germination of plant seeds can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seed pelleting, in particular to a seed pelleting method for soil-alien spray seeding.
Background
Seed pelleting originates from the United states and is a seed treatment method, which utilizes a seed pelleting machine to attach and coat some nutrients, fertilizers and the like on the surface of seeds so as to increase the volume of the seeds and the weight of the seeds and provide nutrients for seed germination at the same time, thereby promoting seed germination and improving the resistance of the seeds to adverse environments. With the development of technologies such as aerial seeding, soil-dressing spray seeding and the like, seed pelleting becomes a hot spot for modern agricultural seed treatment research.
The current ecological greening restoration technology commonly used comprises a dry sowing technology and an earth-alienating spray sowing technology. The soil-dressing spray-seeding technology is mainly that mixed plant seeds, water, fiber, adhesive, fertilizer, nutrient soil, soil conditioner and the like are stirred and mixed according to a certain proportion, and then uniformly sprayed on the slope surface which is subjected to net hanging anchoring treatment through a high-pressure spray-seeding machine.
Compared with dry sowing, the soil-dressing spraying sowing can finish sowing, fertilizing and covering in one operation, achieves the effect that the dry sowing method can only be achieved three times, greatly shortens the technological process of vegetation construction, has higher seed emergence rate and survival rate, can effectively protect the stability of a side slope and prevent water and soil loss. However, the conventional soil-dressing spray seeding method has some problems to be solved: firstly, seeds and slurry are difficult to mix uniformly in the process of soil-covering spray sowing of seeds with too small volume, so that the seeds are unevenly distributed during sowing; secondly, in order to prevent water and soil loss, the planting range is fixed and closed, so that the problem of untimely drainage is easy to occur in a region with a lot of rainwater, and seeds immersed in the water cannot germinate normally; thirdly, the seeds sprayed by the foreign soil are in poor soil-barren side slope environments, and are unfavorable for germination and growth of the seeds. Therefore, a new seed pelleting method is needed to solve the technical problems in the soil-dressing spray seeding process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a seed pelleting method for foreign soil spray seeding, which solves the problems that the prior foreign soil spray seeding technology has uneven mixing of small-volume grass seeds, uneven seeding distribution, incapability of normal germination after seed soaking in a rainy area and the like.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical proposal:
the seed pelleting method for the soil-dressing spray seeding comprises the following specific operation steps:
s1, seed pretreatment: and selecting and cleaning seeds.
Further, selecting mature, full and pest-free grass seeds, soaking the grass seeds in clear water for 4-6 hours, soaking the grass seeds in 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 3-7mg/L for 1-3 days, and taking the grass seeds out for later use.
S2, preparing a pre-seed pill: the seeds and the inner layer material are put into a seed pelleting machine, water mist (the volume middle diameter of the water mist is 5-15 mu m) is sprayed, the inner layer material is wrapped on the seeds, and then the outer layer material is put into the seed pelleting machine, so that the outer layer material is wrapped outside the inner layer material, and the pre-seed pellets are prepared.
S3, preparing seed pills: and uniformly mixing the coating emulsion and the film forming auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed solution, and then immersing the pre-seed pellets into the mixed solution to coat, so as to obtain the seed pellets.
Further, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the seed, the inner layer material, the sprayed water mist and the outer layer material is 1: (2-4): (1-3): (0.1-0.3).
Further, the volume ratio of the coating emulsion to the film forming auxiliary agent in the mixed solution in the step S3 is 1: (0.05-0.15). Immersing the pre-seed pill in the mixed solution for 10-30s, taking out, standing for 1-2min, putting into the mixed solution again, and repeating the operation for 3-5 times to obtain the seed pill.
Still further, the lining material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of peat, 0.4-0.8 part of mica, 8-12 parts of water-retaining agent, 3-6 parts of adhesive, 1-3 parts of lignocellulose, 0.2-0.6 part of zinc fertilizer, 0.2-0.6 part of molybdenum fertilizer, 0.1-0.3 part of urea iron and 0.06-0.1 part of copper sulfate;
the preparation method of the inner layer material comprises the following steps: mixing peat, water-retaining agent, zinc fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, urea iron and copper sulfate, ball milling, sieving to obtain the final product with particle size of 300-500 μm.
Still further, the outer layer material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of sodium oxalate, 2-4 parts of sodium silicate, 1-3 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 3-5 parts of glycerol, 2-6 parts of bamboo fiber, 1-3 parts of active carbon and 0.4-0.8 part of calcium propionate;
still further, the preparation method of the outer layer material is as follows:
1) Uniformly mixing sodium oxalate and sodium silicate, adding glycerol, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic cavitation for 0.5-1.5 hours under the condition of 60-80kHz, performing suction filtration, and taking a precipitate to obtain a solid particle mixture;
2) Adding sodium hexametaphosphate, activated carbon and calcium propionate into the solid particle mixture, mixing uniformly, ball milling and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of 300-500 mu m, and adding bamboo fiber, mixing uniformly to obtain the outer layer material.
The invention adds seeds, water-retaining agent, adhesive, zinc fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, urea iron, copper sulfate and the like into a seed pelleting machine to coat the inner layer material, then the inner layer material is completely coated on the surfaces of the seeds after the water mist is sprayed to obtain sufficient moisture, then an outer layer material is added into the seed pelleting machine to coat the outer surface of the inner layer material to the pre-seed pellets, and the seed pellets are obtained after the coating. The quality of the prepared seed pellets is increased compared with the seed quality, and the problem of uneven mixing and dispersion caused by adhesion agglomeration of seeds when the seeds are mixed with spray seeding slurry due to the too small quality is solved. As the seed pellets can be dispersed in the slurry more uniformly, the seeds are distributed more uniformly in the target restoration area after the soil is sprayed and sowed, and the turf formed in the later stage is uniform. Meanwhile, the seed pellets coated by the inner layer material and the outer layer material can provide sufficient nutrient substances and moisture for germination of seeds.
Further, the coating emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials: PEG400, methyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, ammonium persulfate;
still further, the preparation method of the coating emulsion is as follows:
adding PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 10-20min, adding methyl acrylate and butyl methacrylate which are uniformly mixed, continuously stirring, adding ammonium persulfate, increasing the reaction temperature to 80-100 ℃ for pre-emulsification, continuously stirring at constant temperature after reacting for 20-30min, dropwise adding N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane at a dropping speed of 40-60d/min, reacting at constant temperature for 20-40min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
Still further, the PEG400: methyl acrylate: butyl methacrylate: the addition ratio of the N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane to the ammonium persulfate is 1L: (0.2-0.6) mL: (0.2-0.6) mL: (0.4-0.8) L: (3-5) g.
The acrylic ester copolymer emulsion is prepared by mixing methyl acrylate and butyl methacrylate, and is an emulsion formed by polymerizing methyl acrylate or acrylic ester and vinyl ester monomers, and is a high polymer material with good film forming performance, excellent adhesive force and high hardness, but has poor water resistance and temperature resistance, is easy to agglomerate after air drying and has high hardness. The direct application of the coating to the seed pellets can lead to the seed not breaking through the shell layer to influence the germination and the growth of the seed. The N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane belongs to organosilicon, which is formed by alternately combining silicon oxygen atoms into a siloxane chain skeleton, and the acrylic ester copolymer emulsion modified by the organosilicon can reduce the hardness of the emulsion to form a coating with waterproof and water-resistant effects on the basis of ensuring good adhesive force and film forming performance of the emulsion. After the coating is carried out by using the acrylic ester copolymer emulsion modified by the organic silicon, the formed seed pellet coating has moderate hardness, can not obstruct the germination of seeds, and has good waterproof function. After the seed pellets are coated, the problems that the nutrition of the seed pellets is lost and the seeds immersed in water cannot germinate normally due to untimely drainage in a rainy area can be effectively solved. Furthermore, as the surface of the coating is composed of the siloxane chain skeleton and the organic group silane, the wetting angle of the seed pellets obtained after the coating, which are contacted with slurry, is improved, and the seed pellets can be more uniformly dispersed in the slurry by improving the wetting angle, so that the seed pellets can be more uniformly sprayed on target soil when the seed pellets are sprayed on the soil, the formed turf is more uniform, and the development of ecological greening restoration technology is promoted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the seed pellets prepared by the method effectively increase the weight and the volume of seeds, improve the contact wetting angle of the seed pellets and slurry, and solve the problem that the seeds and the slurry are difficult to mix uniformly in the process of soil-alienating spray sowing, so that the seeds are unevenly distributed during sowing.
2. The pre-seed pill is prepared by coating the inner layer material and the outer layer material of the seeds, so that the weight of the seeds is increased, and simultaneously, nutrient substances and moisture required by growth are provided for germination of the seeds. The seeds can be distributed more uniformly and can germinate normally when the seeds are sprayed on the soil.
3. The seed pill prepared by the method provided by the invention effectively prevents the loss of nutrient substances for seed germination in the seed pill, so as to solve the problem that the seed cannot normally germinate due to the fact that the seed is not soaked in time due to the fact that the nutrient substances are lost.
Drawings
Fig. 1: seed pellet map prepared in example 4
Fig. 2: the seed pellets prepared in example 4 were soaked for 72 hours after spray seeding, and the plant growth state diagram was continued after 10 days of normal management
Fig. 3: the seed pellets prepared in comparative example 3 were soaked for 72 hours after spray seeding, and the plant growth state diagram was continued after 10 days of normal management and maintenance
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples and comparative examples below:
example 1: preparation of inner layer material, outer layer material and coating emulsion
Before seed pelleting operation, preparing inner layer material, outer layer material and coating emulsion, wherein the preparation process is as follows:
and (3) preparing an inner layer material: mixing 2kg of peat, 0.6kg of mica, 5kg of water-retaining agent, 5kg of adhesive, 2kg of lignocellulose, 0.4kg of zinc fertilizer, 0.4kg of molybdenum fertilizer, 0.2kg of urea iron and 0.08kg of copper sulfate uniformly, ball milling and sieving to obtain the inner layer material.
And (3) preparing an outer layer material:
(1) Mixing 3kg of sodium oxalate and 3kg of sodium silicate uniformly, adding 4kg of glycerin, stirring uniformly, carrying out ultrasonic cavitation for 1h under the condition of 70kHz, carrying out suction filtration, taking precipitate, and drying at 55 ℃ to obtain a solid particle mixture.
(2) Adding 2kg of sodium hexametaphosphate, 2kg of activated carbon and 0.6kg of calcium propionate into the solid particle mixture, uniformly mixing, performing ball milling and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of 300-500 mu m, and adding 4kg of bamboo fibers into the powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain the outer layer material.
Preparation of the coating emulsion:
adding 1L PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 15min, adding 400mL of methyl acrylate and 400mL of butyl methacrylate which are uniformly mixed, continuously stirring, adding 4g of ammonium persulfate, raising the reaction temperature to 90 ℃ for pre-emulsification, continuously stirring at constant temperature after reacting for 25min, dropwise adding N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane at a dropping speed of 50d/min, reacting at constant temperature for 30min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
Example 2: preparation of inner layer material, outer layer material and coating emulsion
Before seed pelleting operation, preparing inner layer material, outer layer material and coating emulsion, wherein the preparation process is as follows:
and (3) preparing an inner layer material: 1kg of peat, 0.4kg of mica, 12kg of water-retaining agent, 3kg of adhesive, 1kg of lignocellulose, 0.2kg of zinc fertilizer, 0.2kg of molybdenum fertilizer, 0.1kg of urea iron and 0.06kg of copper sulfate are uniformly mixed, ball-milled and sieved to prepare the lining material.
And (3) preparing an outer layer material:
(1) Mixing 4kg of sodium oxalate and 4kg of sodium silicate uniformly, adding 5kg of glycerin, stirring uniformly, carrying out ultrasonic cavitation for 1.5 hours under the condition of 60kHz, carrying out suction filtration, taking precipitate, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain a solid particle mixture.
(2) Adding 3kg of sodium hexametaphosphate, 3kg of activated carbon and 0.8kg of calcium propionate into the solid particle mixture, uniformly mixing, performing ball milling and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of 300-500 mu m, and adding 6kg of bamboo fibers into the powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain the outer layer material.
Preparation of the coating emulsion:
adding 1L PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 10min, adding 600mL of methyl acrylate and 200mL of butyl methacrylate which are uniformly mixed, continuously stirring, adding 3g of ammonium persulfate, raising the reaction temperature to 80 ℃ for pre-emulsification, continuously stirring at constant temperature after reacting for 30min, dropwise adding N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane at a dropping speed of 40d/min, reacting at constant temperature for 20min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
Example 3: preparation of inner layer material, outer layer material and coating emulsion
Before seed pelleting operation, preparing inner layer material, outer layer material and coating emulsion, wherein the preparation process is as follows:
and (3) preparing an inner layer material: 3kg of peat, 0.8kg of mica, 8kg of water-retaining agent, 6kg of adhesive, 3kg of lignocellulose, 0.6kg of zinc fertilizer, 0.6kg of molybdenum fertilizer, 0.3kg of urea iron and 0.1kg of copper sulfate are uniformly mixed, ball-milled and sieved to prepare the lining material.
And (3) preparing an outer layer material:
1) Mixing 2kg of sodium oxalate and 2kg of sodium silicate uniformly, adding 3kg of glycerin, stirring uniformly, carrying out ultrasonic cavitation for 0.5h under the condition of 80kHz, carrying out suction filtration, taking precipitate, and drying at 50 ℃ to obtain a solid particle mixture.
2) Adding 1kg of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1kg of activated carbon and 0.4kg of calcium propionate into the solid particles, uniformly mixing, performing ball milling and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of 300-500 mu m, and adding 2kg of bamboo fibers into the powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain the outer layer material.
Preparation of the coating emulsion:
adding 1L PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 20min, adding 200mL of methyl acrylate and 600mL of butyl methacrylate which are uniformly mixed, continuously stirring, adding 5g of ammonium persulfate, raising the reaction temperature to 100 ℃ for pre-emulsification, continuously stirring at constant temperature after reacting for 20min, dropwise adding N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane at a dropping speed of 60d/min, reacting at constant temperature for 40min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
Example 4: preparation of seed pellets
In this example, the preparation of seed pellets was carried out using the raw materials prepared in example one, and the specific method was as follows:
s1, seed pretreatment: mature, full and pest-free seeds of the elymus tenuifolia, the leymus chinensis, the amorpha fruticosa, the festuca sinensis and the clover are selected according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 mixing about 1kg, soaking in clear water for 5h, taking out, soaking in 5 mg/L2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution for 2 days, and taking out seeds;
s2, preparing a pre-seed pill: and (2) taking 0.4kg of inner layer material and the seeds treated in the step (S1), putting the inner layer material and the seeds into a seed pelleting machine, spraying water mist with the volume of water mist particle diameter of 5-15 mu m, wherein the mass of the water mist sprayed is 0.4kg, so that the inner layer material is completely wrapped on the seeds, adding 0.2kg of outer layer material into the seed pelleting machine, and wrapping the outer layer material outside the inner layer material to prepare the pre-seed pellets.
S3, preparing seed pills: and (3) uniformly mixing 1L of coating emulsion with 100mL of propylene glycol to obtain a mixed solution, immersing the pre-seed pellets prepared in the step (S2) in the mixed solution for 20S, rapidly taking out, air-drying for 1.5min, then putting in again, and repeating the immersing-air-drying for 4 times to obtain the seed pellets. Then, phthalocyanine green dye is put into the mixture for coloring to obtain the seed pellets with the diameter of 0.8-1.2cm shown in figure 1.
Example 5: preparation of seed pill
In this example, the preparation of seed pellets was carried out using the raw materials prepared in example one, and the specific method was as follows:
s1, seed pretreatment: mature, full and pest-free seeds of the elymus tenuifolia, the leymus chinensis, the amorpha fruticosa, the festuca sinensis and the clover are selected according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 mixing about 1kg, soaking in clear water for 4h, taking out, soaking in 3 mg/L2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution for 3 days, and taking out seeds;
s2, preparing a pre-seed pill: taking 0.2kg of inner layer material and the seeds treated in the step S1, putting the inner layer material and the seeds into a seed pelleting machine, spraying water mist with the volume of water mist particle diameter of 5-15 mu m, wherein the mass of the water mist sprayed is 0.2kg, so that the inner layer material is wrapped on the seeds, adding 0.3kg of outer layer material into the seed pelleting machine, and wrapping the outer layer material outside the inner layer material to prepare pre-seed pellets;
s3, preparing seed pills: and (3) uniformly mixing 1L of coating emulsion with 50mL of propylene glycol to obtain a mixed solution, immersing the pre-seed pellets prepared in the step (S2) in the mixed solution for 30S, quickly taking out, air-drying for 2min, then putting in again, and repeating the immersing-air-drying for 3 times to obtain the seed pellets.
Example 6: preparation of seed pill
In this example, seed pellets were prepared from the raw materials prepared in example one, by the following method
S1, seed pretreatment: mature, full and pest-free seeds of the elymus tenuifolia, the leymus chinensis, the amorpha fruticosa, the festuca sinensis and the clover are selected according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 mixing about 1kg, soaking in clear water for 6h, taking out, soaking in 7 mg/L2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid solution for 1 day, and taking out seeds;
s2, preparing a pre-seed pill: taking 0.6kg of inner layer material and the seeds treated in the step S1, putting the inner layer material and the seeds into a seed pelleting machine, spraying water mist with the volume of water mist particle diameter of 5-15 mu m, wherein the mass of the water mist sprayed is 0.6kg, so that the inner layer material is wrapped on the seeds, adding 0.1kg of outer layer material into the seed pelleting machine, and wrapping the outer layer material outside the inner layer material to prepare pre-seed pellets;
s3, preparing seed pills: and (3) uniformly mixing 1L of coating emulsion with 150mL of propylene glycol to obtain a mixed solution, immersing the pre-seed pellets prepared in the step (S2) in the mixed solution for 10S, quickly taking out, air-drying for 1min, then putting in again, and repeating the immersing-air-drying for 5 times to obtain the seed pellets.
Comparative example 1:
this comparative example is in contrast to example 4, which differs in that no lining material is added for coating during the preparation of the seed pellets, and the remaining seed pellets are prepared in the same manner.
Comparative example 2:
this comparative example is in contrast to example 4, which differs in that no coating of the outer layer material is added during the preparation of the seed pellets, and the remaining seed pellets are prepared in the same manner.
Comparative example 3:
this comparative example is in contrast to example 4, except that no coating emulsion was added to coat the pellets during their preparation, and the remaining pellets were prepared in the same manner.
Comparative example 4:
this comparative example is in contrast to example 4, which differs in that no water mist spray is performed during the coating of the lining material in step S2 in the preparation process of the seed pellets, and the remaining seed pellets are prepared in the same manner, and step S2 is specifically as follows:
s2, preparing a pre-seed pill: and (2) taking 0.4kg of inner layer material and the seeds treated in the step (S1), putting the inner layer material into a seed pelleting machine, completely wrapping the inner layer material on the seeds, adding 0.2kg of outer layer material into the seed pelleting machine, wrapping the outer layer material outside the inner layer material, and preparing the pre-seed pellets.
Comparative example 5:
this comparative example is in contrast to example 4, except that the coating emulsion used in step S4 was prepared without methyl acrylate and the remaining seed pellets were prepared in the same manner. The preparation process of the coating emulsion is as follows:
adding 1L PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 15min, adding 400mL butyl methacrylate, continuously stirring uniformly, adding 4g ammonium persulfate, raising the reaction temperature to 90 ℃ for pre-emulsification, continuously stirring at constant temperature after reacting for 25min, dropwise adding N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane at a dropwise speed of 50d/min, reacting at constant temperature for 30min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
Comparative example 6:
this comparative example is in contrast to example 4, except that the coating emulsion used in step S4 was prepared without butyl methacrylate and the remaining seed pellets were prepared in the same manner. The preparation process of the coating emulsion is as follows:
adding 1L PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 15min, adding 400mL methyl acrylate, continuously stirring uniformly, adding 4g ammonium persulfate, raising the reaction temperature to 90 ℃ for pre-emulsification, continuously stirring at constant temperature after reacting for 25min, dropwise adding N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane at a dropwise speed of 50d/min, reacting at constant temperature for 30min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
Comparative example 7;
this comparative example is in contrast to example 4, except that the coating emulsion used in step S4 was prepared without ammonium persulfate and the remaining seed pellets were prepared in the same manner. The preparation process of the coating emulsion is as follows:
adding 1L PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 15min, adding 400mL of methyl acrylate and 400mL of butyl methacrylate which are uniformly mixed, raising the reaction temperature to 90 ℃ for pre-emulsification, continuously stirring at constant temperature after reacting for 25min, dropwise adding N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane at a dropping speed of 50d/min, reacting at constant temperature for 30min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
Comparative example 8;
this comparative example is in contrast to example 4, except that the coating emulsion used in step S4 was prepared without the addition of N- β - (aminoethyl) - γ -aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, and the remaining seed pellets were prepared in the same manner. The preparation process of the coating emulsion is as follows:
adding 1L PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 15min, adding 400mL of methyl acrylate and 400mL of butyl methacrylate which are uniformly mixed, continuously stirring uniformly, adding 4g of ammonium persulfate, raising the reaction temperature to 90 ℃ for pre-emulsification reaction for 25min, continuously keeping the temperature for 30min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
1. Soil-dressing spray seeding germination test
I. Preparing slurry: 6000kg peat, 6000kg humus soil, 500kg wood fiber and 500kg sodium polyacrylate are uniformly mixed, and then uniformly mixed with 1000kg water to prepare slurry.
II. Slope finishing: removing unstable stone of a rock slope, approximately leveling the uneven place, paving a high-strength plastic reinforcing net on the slope, enabling the hole net scale to be 5 cm multiplied by 5 cm, and arranging anchor rods and anchor nails by an electric drill at intervals of 1m multiplied by 1m to obtain the steel plate with the area of 30m 2 Is designated as land 1, land 2, and land 3.
III, spray seeding: the seed pellets prepared in examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 3 to 8 were weighed 5kg respectively, 2.5kg of the seed pellets prepared in comparative example 1 was weighed, 3.5kg of the seed pellets prepared in comparative example 2 (wherein, about 5000 mixed grass seeds were contained in the seed pellets weighed in examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 8) was uniformly mixed with 800kg of slurry, the seed pellets prepared in comparative example 1 were weighed, and the slurry mixed with the seed pellets was uniformly sprayed on the side slope plots 1 to 11 respectively, the sprayed areas were 30m 2 ；
IV, maintenance: covering the sprayed land with non-woven fabric, and performing watering maintenance according to weather conditions, keeping soil moist, and lasting for 10 days;
v: and (5) seedling missing statistics: after 10 days, dividing the land parcels 1-11 into 120 pieces of 0.25m 2 The number of sprouts in each block was recorded, the blocks with the number of sprouts less than 10 plants were the number of missing portions, the number of missing portions of plots 1-3 corresponding to examples 4-6 and plots 4-6 corresponding to comparative examples 1-3 were recorded, and the obtained data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Analysis of the data in Table 1 shows that:
as can be seen from the number of seedling missing parts of plots 1-3, the number of seedling missing parts of plots after the seeding of the soil-alienating plots prepared in examples 4-6 is small, the average number of seedling missing plots is 5, 30 plots are reduced compared with a blank control, the seeding is more uniform, and meanwhile, the turf formed by the plots after repair is more uniform.
Comparing the number of the seedling missing parts of the land block 1 and the land block 4-7, it is known that the land block 4-7 is subjected to soil-alien spraying by using the seed pellets prepared by the comparative examples 1-4 without being covered by the inner layer material, the outer layer material and the coating layer and without being sprayed by water mist. Because the seed pellets prepared by the materials are not uniformly mixed when the seed slurry and the seeds are mixed, the seed spraying is not uniform when the soil is sprayed, the number of the seedling missing positions of the corresponding land block is increased, and the formed turf is not uniform compared with that of the embodiment 4.
Comparing the number of missing seedling parts of plot 1 with plots 8-11, it can be seen that plots 8-11 correspond to the seed pellets prepared by comparative examples 5-8 for the foreign soil spray seeding, the number of missing seedling parts relative to plot 1 increases, but the increase relative to plots 4-7 is smaller. This is because the absence of methyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane or ammonium persulfate in the preparation of the coating material results in increased wetting angle and uneven mixing of the seeds and slurry, which results in an increase in the number of corresponding land block seedling missing sites.
2. Experiment for simulating seed germination by rain water soaking through spraying and seeding in foreign soil
The seed pellets of examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 8 were subjected to soil-dressing spray-seeding to simulate germination, and the specific operations are as follows:
I. and (3) preparing soil-dressing slurry: 3000kg peat, 3000kg humus soil, 100kg wood fiber and 100kg sodium polyacrylate are uniformly mixed, and then uniformly mixed with 100kg water to prepare slurry.
II. And (3) experimentally arranging: the method comprises the steps of selecting unstable stones with a rock test texture of 25m multiplied by 25m, leveling uneven places, paving high-strength plastic reinforcing nets on the test ground, enabling the hole net scale to be 5 cm multiplied by 5 cm, arranging anchor rods and anchor nails at intervals of 1m multiplied by 1m by an electric drill, and separating the anchor rods and the anchor nails by an iron plate to obtain the experimental ground with the size of 1m multiplied by 1m for later use.
III, preparing mixed slurry of seed pills: the seed pellets prepared in examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 8 were divided into 11 groups, and the seed pellets prepared in examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 3 to 11 were weighed by 2.5kg, respectively, the seed pellets prepared in comparative example 1 was 1.25kg, and the seed pellets prepared in comparative example 2 was 1.75kg (in which 2500 mixed seeds were contained in the seed pellets weighed in examples 4 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 8) were weighed by 400kg of slurry and mixed uniformly to prepare 11 groups of seed pellet mixed slurry.
IV, spraying seed pellets: the 11 groups of seed pellet mixed slurry were sprayed on 1m×1m experimental lands, respectively, and 5 identical experimental lands were continuously sprayed, which were designated as experimental land 1 and experimental land 2.
V, rain soaking simulation: covering the experimental land surface with non-woven fabrics, and respectively carrying out the following treatment on the experimental lands 1-5:
experiment field 1, normal watering and maintenance are carried out, and soil is kept moist;
2, continuously irrigating the experimental land for 12 hours with clear water after sowing, wherein the water consumption per hour is 1L;
3, continuously irrigating with clear water for 24 hours after sowing, wherein the water consumption per hour is 1L;
the experiment field 4 is continuously irrigated with clear water for 48 hours after sowing, and the water consumption per hour is 1L;
and 5, continuously irrigating the experimental land with clean water for 72 hours after sowing, wherein the water consumption per hour is 1L.
Each group of seed pellets was repeated 5 times at each experimental site 1-5, followed by normal management for 10 days and then the average bud count for each experimental site was calculated.
Average bud count= (1+2+3+4+5)/5; the data obtained are shown in table 2.
Table 2 (Unit: plant)
Analysis of the data in table 2 shows that:
as can be seen from the average bud seedling numbers of experimental lands 1-5 corresponding to different fresh water irrigation times in examples 4-6 in Table 2, the average bud seedling number of the seed pellets prepared under the condition of the invention can reach more than 90 plants under the condition of 72h soaking, and the optimal average bud seedling number can reach 96.1%. Wherein, after the experimental land 5 seed pellets corresponding to the example 4 are soaked for 72 hours, normal watering and maintenance are continued, and after the soil is kept moist for 10 days, the growth condition of the mixed grass is shown in figure 2. The seed is coated with the inner layer and the outer layer to prepare the pre-seed pill, so that basic nutrients and moisture required by seed germination can be met, and the seeds do not need to be obtained from soil. The coating is carried out on the surface of the pre-seed pellets, the coating is not toxic to seeds, the hardness of the coating is moderate, the seeds are not blocked from being broken through, and meanwhile, the conditions that water loss is prevented by flushing the pre-seed pellets by rainwater and the like, and even the seeds cannot germinate normally due to the fact that the seeds are soaked by the rainwater can be effectively resisted.
The average bud count of experimental lands 1-5 corresponding to different fresh water pouring times of comparative example 4 and comparative examples 1-3 can be seen to affect the average bud count without inner coating, outer coating and coating, wherein the average bud count is the lowest without inner coating. The average seedling number of the seed buds is less reduced without coating the outer layer material. Without coating, the seeds can germinate normally without soaking, but the average bud count gradually decreases with increasing soaking time. Wherein, after the 5 seed pellets of the experimental land corresponding to the comparative example 3 are soaked for 72 hours, normal watering and maintenance are continued, and after the soil is kept moist for 10 days, the growth condition of the mixed grass is shown in figure 3.
The average bud count of experimental lands 1-5 corresponding to different fresh water pouring times of comparative example 4 and comparative example 4 shows that the average bud count sprayed without water mist is suddenly reduced when coating the inner layer material, which is equivalent to the range of reduction when coating the inner layer material in comparative example 1.
The average number of sprouts at experimental sites 1-5 corresponding to different fresh water watering times of comparative example 1 and comparative examples 5-8 is known whether seed pellets which can withstand prolonged immersion can be obtained or not, depending on the raw materials for the coating preparation. In the preparation process of the coating, methyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane or ammonium persulfate are not added, so that the average bud seedling number of the obtained seed pellets is reduced after the seed pellets are immersed in water.
After the seeds are coated with the inner layer and the outer layer, coating emulsion is prepared by taking methyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane, ammonium persulfate and the like as raw materials, and the pre-seed pellets are coated. The seed pellets prepared by the combined action of the inner coating, the outer coating and the coating can still germinate normally under the condition of soaking, and the average bud seedling number of the seed pellets prepared in the protection scope of the invention can also reach more than 90 percent after soaking for 72 hours. Solves the technical problem that the seeds cannot normally germinate due to excessive rain wash before the germination of the seeds in the prior art of soil-alien spray seeding.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention. The technology, shape, and construction parts of the present invention, which are not described in detail, are known in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The seed pelleting method for the soil-dressing spray seeding is characterized by comprising the following specific operation steps:
s1, seed pretreatment: selecting and cleaning seeds;
s2, preparing a pre-seed pill: the seeds and the inner layer materials are put into a seed pelleting machine, water mist is sprayed, the volume middle diameter of the water mist is 5-15 mu m, after the inner layer materials are wrapped on the seeds, the outer layer materials are put into the seed pelleting machine, and the outer layer materials are wrapped outside the inner layer materials to be prepared into pre-seed pellets;
s3, preparing seed pills: uniformly mixing the coating emulsion and the film forming auxiliary agent to obtain a mixed solution, and then immersing the pre-seed pellets into the mixed solution to coat the pre-seed pellets to obtain seed pellets;
the preparation method of the coating emulsion comprises the following steps:
adding PEG400 into a reactor, stirring for 10-20min, adding methyl acrylate and butyl methacrylate which are uniformly mixed, continuously stirring, adding ammonium persulfate, increasing the reaction temperature to 80-100 ℃ for pre-emulsification, continuously stirring at constant temperature for 20-30min, dropwise adding N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, reacting at constant temperature for 20-40min, and cooling to obtain the coating emulsion.
2. The method for granulating seeds for soil-alien spray seeding according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the mass ratio of seeds, inner layer material, sprayed water mist, outer layer material is 1: (2-4): (1-3): (0.1-0.3).
3. The method for granulating seeds for use in soil-working spray seeding according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the coating emulsion to the film forming auxiliary agent in the mixed solution in step S3 is 1: (0.05-0.15).
4. The seed pelleting method for soil-external spraying seeding according to claim 2, wherein the inner layer material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of peat, 0.4-0.8 part of mica, 8-12 parts of water-retaining agent, 3-6 parts of adhesive, 1-3 parts of lignocellulose, 0.2-0.6 part of zinc fertilizer, 0.2-0.6 part of molybdenum fertilizer, 0.1-0.3 part of urea iron and 0.06-0.1 part of copper sulfate;
the preparation method of the inner layer material comprises the following steps: mixing peat, water-retaining agent, zinc fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, urea iron and copper sulfate uniformly, ball milling, sieving and obtaining the lining material.
5. A seed pelleting method for earth-moving spray seeding according to claim 2, wherein the outer layer material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of sodium oxalate, 2-4 parts of sodium silicate, 1-3 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 3-5 parts of glycerol, 2-6 parts of bamboo fiber, 1-3 parts of active carbon and 0.4-0.8 part of calcium propionate.
6. The seed pelleting method for soil-external spraying seeding according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the outer layer material is as follows:
1) Uniformly mixing sodium oxalate and sodium silicate, adding glycerol, uniformly stirring, performing ultrasonic cavitation, performing suction filtration and separation, and drying to obtain a solid particle mixture;
2) Adding sodium hexametaphosphate, activated carbon and calcium propionate into the solid particle mixture, mixing uniformly, ball milling and sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of 300-500 mu m, and adding bamboo fiber, mixing uniformly to obtain the outer layer material.
7. A seed pelleting method for soil-external spray seeding according to claim 3, wherein the coating emulsion is prepared from the following raw materials: PEG400, methyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, ammonium persulfate.
8. A seed pelleting method for soil-shifting spray seeding according to claim 7, wherein the PEG400: methyl acrylate: butyl methacrylate: the addition ratio of the N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane to the ammonium persulfate is 1L: (0.2-0.6) mL: (0.2-0.6) mL: (0.4-0.8) L: (3-5) g.
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| CN202210998527.2A Active CN115250679B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Seed pelleting method for soil-alien spray seeding |
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| GB1053036A (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| CN1078344A (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1993-11-17 | 云南省曲靖地区烟草科学研究所 | Coating agent prescription for tobacco seed |
| CN1552177A (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Rapeseed seed drought-resistant coated pellets and its pelletization preparation process |
| CN110278740A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-27 | 成都市农林科学院 | The pelletized preparation method of the pelletized preparation and the granule vegetables seed of a kind of granule vegetables seed |
| CN112189405A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-08 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Pelleting formula and processing technology of salt-tolerant elytrigia repens seeds |
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| GB1053036A (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| CN1078344A (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1993-11-17 | 云南省曲靖地区烟草科学研究所 | Coating agent prescription for tobacco seed |
| CN1552177A (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Rapeseed seed drought-resistant coated pellets and its pelletization preparation process |
| CN110278740A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-27 | 成都市农林科学院 | The pelletized preparation method of the pelletized preparation and the granule vegetables seed of a kind of granule vegetables seed |
| CN112189405A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-08 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Pelleting formula and processing technology of salt-tolerant elytrigia repens seeds |
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