CN115244876A - Primary synchronization signal based cell measurement - Google Patents

Abstract

A terminal device includes at least one processor and a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: obtaining a synchronization signal/Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station; obtaining a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) and a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the SSB; and performing cell measurements based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH DMRS.

Description

Cell Measurement Based on Primary Synchronization Signal

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/984,073, filed March 2, 2020, entitled "USING PRIMARYSYNCHRONIZATION SIGNAL FOR 5G CELL MEASUREMENT", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference This article.

Background technique

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to apparatuses and methods for wireless communication.

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcast. Cell measurement is a process performed at the physical layer on the user equipment (UE) side to quantify the quality of its serving cell and neighboring cells. Such measurements are used for upper layer Radio Resource Management (RRM) decisions, or for some physical layer procedures such as beam management. There are two types of physical layer cell measurements: synchronization signal/PBCH block (SSB) based measurements and channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) based measurements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments of an apparatus and method for primary synchronization signal (PSS) based cell measurements are disclosed herein.

In one example, the terminal device includes at least one processor and memory storing instructions. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station; obtain a primary synchronization signal (PSS) for the SSB ), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS); and performing cell measurements based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH DMRS.

In another example, a terminal device includes at least one processor and a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station; obtain a primary synchronization signal (PSS) for the SSB ); obtain a physical layer cell identity (PCI) of at least one base station based on the SSB; when it is determined that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determine the PSS sequence number of each PCI; and determine the PSS sequence of at least two PCIs When the numbers are different, the cell measurement is performed based on at least the PSS.

In yet another example, a baseband chip including physical (PHY) layer circuitry is disclosed. The PHY layer circuit includes a receiving module, an extraction module, and a cell measurement module. The receiving module is configured to obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station. The extraction module is configured to extract a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) from the SSB. The cell measurement module is configured to perform cell measurements based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

In yet another example, a method for wireless communication implemented by a terminal device is disclosed. The method includes: obtaining a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station; obtaining a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the SSB ); and performing cell measurements based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

In yet another example, a method for wireless communication implemented by a terminal device is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station; obtaining a primary synchronization signal (PSS) of the SSB; and obtaining a physical layer cell identity of the at least one base station based on the SSB ( PCI); determining whether the SSB contains more than one PCI; when determining that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determining the PSS sequence number of each PCI; and when determining that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, at least based on the The PSS performs cell measurements.

In yet another example, a method implemented by physical (PHY) layer circuitry of a baseband chip is disclosed. The method includes obtaining a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station; extracting a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) from the SSB ; and performing cell measurements based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and to enable those skilled in the relevant art to make and use the disclosure.

1 illustrates an exemplary wireless network in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Figure 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary node in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

3 illustrates an exemplary SSB in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

4 illustrates an exemplary use case for at least PSS-based cell measurement in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Figure 5 illustrates an exemplary determination of PCI and PSS serial numbers in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.

6 shows a block diagram of a device including a baseband chip, a radio frequency (RF) chip, and a host chip, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

7 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary baseband chip for cell measurements based on a combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

8 illustrates a flowchart of an exemplary method for cell measurement based on a combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed ways

While specific configurations and arrangements are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that other configurations and arrangements may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that the present disclosure may also be used in various other applications.

Note that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," "some embodiments," "certain embodiments," etc. indicate that the described embodiment may include a particular feature, structure or characteristic, each embodiment does not necessarily include that particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with one embodiment, it is within the knowledge of those skilled in the relevant art to implement such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not.

In general, terms are to be understood, at least in part, from their contextual usage. For example, as used herein, the term "one or more" may be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural, depending at least in part on context. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "the" can also be understood to convey singular usage or to convey plural usage, depending at least in part on the context. Furthermore, the word "based on" may be understood as not necessarily intended to convey a unique set of factors, but rather may allow for the presence of additional factors that are not necessarily explicitly described, again depending at least in part on the context.

Various aspects of wireless communication systems will now be described with reference to various apparatuses and methods. These devices and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, units, components, circuits, steps, operations, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively "elements"). These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, firmware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware, firmware, or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

The techniques described herein may be used in various wireless communication networks, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems and other networks. The terms "network" and "system" are often used interchangeably. A CDMA network may implement a radio access technology (RAT), such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), CDMA 2000, and the like. A TDMA network may implement a RAT such as GSM. OFDMA networks may implement RATs such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or New Radio (NR). The techniques described herein may be used for the wireless networks and RATs described above, as well as other wireless networks and RATs.

Some existing solutions perform cell measurements based on secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and physical broadcast channel (PBCH) demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequences within the SSB. However, due to the limited number of SSS in each SSB and reference signal samples in PBCH DMRS, the performance of cell search, especially in terms of measurement accuracy, is not ideal in existing solutions.

Various embodiments according to the present disclosure provide an improved cell measurement scheme based on the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) in each SSB to achieve higher measurement accuracy compared to existing solutions. In some embodiments, in addition to SSS and PBCH DMRS, PSS with a higher number of reference signal samples per SSB than SSS or PBCH DMRS is also used for cell measurements to achieve higher accuracy. Therefore, the cell measurement scheme disclosed herein can avoid erroneous handover or cell reselection decisions due to inaccurate measurements, allow the UE to quickly detect serving cell quality issues when moving out of coverage, and allow the UE to perform radio resource control (RRC) Quickly detect the handover target cell in the connected state or detect the cell for reselection in the RRC idle state. In addition, since reliable measurements can be obtained with fewer measurement trials, the UE battery power consumption can also be reduced.

1 illustrates an exemplary wireless network 100 in which certain aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 , the wireless network 100 may include a network of nodes, such as a terminal device 102 , an access node 104 , and a core network element 106 . The terminal device 102 can be any terminal device, such as a mobile phone, desktop computer, laptop computer, tablet computer, car computer, game console, printer, positioning device, wearable electronic device, smart sensor or other device capable of receiving, processing and transmitting information. Any other device, such as any of a Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) network, a cluster network, a smart grid node, and an Internet of Things (IoT) node. It should be understood that the terminal device 102 is shown as a mobile phone by way of illustration only and not limitation.

The access node 104 may be a device that communicates with the terminal device 102, such as a wireless access point, base station (BS), Node B, enhanced Node B (eNodeB or eNB), next generation Node B (gNodeB or gNB), cluster master node etc. The access node 104 may have a wired connection to the end device 102, a wireless connection to the end device 102, or any combination thereof. The access node 104 may be connected to the terminal device 102 through multiple connections, and the terminal device 102 may be connected to other access nodes than the access node 104 . The access node 104 may also be connected to other terminal devices. It should be understood that the access node 104 is shown as a radio tower by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.

Core network elements 106 may serve access nodes 104 and terminal devices 102 to provide core network services. Examples of core network elements 106 may include a Home Subscriber Server (HSS), a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving Gateway (SGW), or a Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW). These are examples of core network elements of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) system, which is the core network of an LTE system. Other core network elements may be used in LTE and other communication systems. In some embodiments, the core network element 106 includes an access and mobility management function (AMF) device, a session management function (SMF) device, or a user plane function (UPF) device for the core network of the NR system. It should be understood that the core network element 106 is shown by way of illustration and not by way of limitation as a set of rack servers.

Core network element 106 may be connected to a large network, such as Internet 108 or another Internet Protocol (IP) network, to transmit packet data over any distance. In this manner, data from end device 102 may be transmitted to other end devices connected to other access points, including, for example, computers 110 connected to the Internet 108 using, for example, wired or wireless connections, or via routers 114 Tablet computer 112 wirelessly connected to Internet 108 . Thus, computer 110 and tablet 112 provide further examples of possible end devices, while router 114 provides another example of possible access nodes.

A description of the core network element 106 is provided as a general example of a rack server. However, there may be multiple elements in the core network, including database servers such as database 116 , and security and authentication servers such as authentication server 118 . For example, database 116 may manage data related to user subscriptions to web services. A Home Location Register (HLR) is an example of a standardized database of subscriber information for cellular networks. Likewise, the authentication server 118 may handle authentication of users, sessions, and the like. In an NR system, an Authentication Server Function (AUSF) device may be a specific entity that performs terminal device authentication. In some embodiments, a single server rack may handle multiple such functions, such that the connections between core network elements 106, authentication server 118, and database 116 may be local connections within a single rack.

As described in detail below, in some embodiments, the terminal device 102 (eg, UE) extracts the PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS from the SSB received from the access node 104 (eg, node). The terminal device 102 can then detect the base station's physical layer cell identity (PCI) and the PSS sequence number of each PCI from the SSB. The terminal device 102 also detects a first energy per resource element (EPRE) value for PSS and a second EPRE value for SSS. Based on the detection and comparison results of the PCI, PSS sequence number, and EPRE values, the terminal device 102 may perform cell measurements based on a combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS. The PCI may be an identifier (ID) of a cell in the physical layer of the wireless network, eg LTE PCI for LTE networks or NR PIC for NR networks, used for cell identification during the cell selection process. The PIC can determine the cell ID group and the cell ID sector. In one example, there may be 504 possible LTE PCIs from 168 possible LTE cell ID groups, each LTE cell ID group having 3 possible LTE cell ID sectors. In another example, there may be 1008 possible NRPCIs from 336 possible NR cell ID groups, each NR cell ID group having 3 possible NR cell ID sectors.

Each element of FIG. 1 may be considered a node of wireless network 100 . Further details on possible implementations of the node are provided by way of example in the description of the node 200 in FIG. 2 . The node 200 may be configured as the terminal device 102, the access node 104, or the core network element 106 in FIG. 1 . Similarly, node 200 may also be configured as computer 110, router 114, tablet 112, database 116, or authentication server 118 in Figure 1 . As shown in FIG. 2 , node 200 may include processor 202 , memory 204 , transceiver 206 . These components are shown connected to each other via a bus, but other connection types are also allowed. When the node 200 is the end device 102, additional components may also be included, such as a user interface (UI), sensors, and the like. Similarly, when node 200 is configured as core network element 106, node 200 may be implemented as a blade in a server system. Other implementations are also possible.

Transceiver 206 may include any suitable device for transmitting and/or receiving data. Node 200 may include one or more transceivers, but only one transceiver 206 is shown for simplicity of illustration. Antenna 208 is shown as a possible communication mechanism for node 200 . Multiple antennas and/or antenna arrays may be utilized. Furthermore, examples of node 200 may communicate using wired technology instead of wireless technology, or may communicate using wired technology in addition to wireless technology. For example, the access nodes 104 may communicate wirelessly with the end devices 102 and may communicate with the core network elements 106 over wired connections (eg, over optical or coaxial cables). Other communication hardware, such as network interface cards (NICs), may also be introduced.

As shown in FIG. 2 , node 200 may include processor 202 . Although only one processor is shown, it should be understood that multiple processors may be included. Processor 202 may include a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), programmable logic device (PLD), state machine, gate control Logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functions described throughout this disclosure. The processor 202 may be a hardware device having one or more processing cores. The processor 202 may execute software. Software shall be construed broadly as instructions, sets of instructions, codes, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable programs, A thread of execution, process, function, etc., whether or not referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, etc. Software may include computer instructions written in interpreted language, compiled language, or machine code. Other techniques for directing hardware are also permitted under the broad software category.

As shown in FIG. 2 , node 200 may also include memory 204 . Although only one memory is shown, it should be understood that multiple memories may be included. Memory 204 may broadly include both memory and storage devices. For example, memory 204 may include random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FRAM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, hard disk drive (HDD), such as magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, flash drive, solid state drive (SSD), or other devices that may be used to carry or store in the form of instructions that can be accessed and executed by processor 202 any other medium of the required program code. Broadly, memory 204 may be embodied by any computer-readable medium, such as a non-transitory computer-readable medium.

In some embodiments, the processor 202, memory 204, and transceiver 206 of the node 200 are implemented (eg, integrated) on a system-on-chip (SoC). For example, the processor 202, memory 204, and transceiver 206 may be integrated on a baseband SoC (also referred to as a modem SoC or baseband model chipset), which may run an operating system (OS), such as a real-time operating system as its firmware (RTOS). Various aspects of the present disclosure related to at least PSS-based cell measurements may be implemented as hardware, software, and/or firmware elements in a baseband SoC of the terminal device 102 . It should be appreciated that, in some examples, one or more of the software and/or firmware elements may also be implemented as dedicated hardware elements in the SoC.

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary structure of an SSB according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. SSB includes three specific signals and one physical channel: Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), SSS, DMRS and PBCH. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is used as a multiplexing format. OFDM is a type of digital transmission and method of encoding digital data on multiple carrier frequencies and is used in applications such as digital television and audio broadcasting, wireless networks, powerline networks, and mobile communications. OFDM is a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) scheme in which multiple closely spaced orthogonal sub-carrier signals with overlapping frequency spectra are transmitted in parallel to carry data. The demodulation is based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FTT) algorithm. In some embodiments, OFDM uses guard intervals, which provide better orthogonality in transmission channels affected by multipath propagation. Each subcarrier (ie, signal) can be modulated at a low symbol rate with a conventional modulation scheme (eg, quadrature amplitude modulation or phase shift keying). The modulated subcarrier maintains a similar overall data rate to conventional single-carrier modulation schemes in the same bandwidth.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the PSS is a binary pseudo-random m-sequence with a duration of 127 sub-carriers (SC), which can occupy the first OFDM symbol and represents the physical layer identity within the cell identity group. In some embodiments, the PSS occupies sub-carriers indexed from 56 to 182. The SSS, which is located in the third OFDM symbol and has a duration of 127 subcarriers, is generated by the combination of two m-sequences and, like the PSS, occupies subcarriers indexed from 56 to 182. The DMRS is located on every 4 subcarriers in each sync block OFDM symbol. DMRS occupies 144 resource elements within a sync block. PBCH can occupy two complete OFDM symbols and parts of one complete OFDM symbol. In some embodiments, the PBCH transmits 4 common information fields with service data that the terminal device must demodulate. In each SSB, 576 information bits are sent through the PBCH, of which the last 24 bits are a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), and the first 24 bits are used to detect the main parameters of the cell configuration. With the remaining 8 bits, the terminal device can find the sequence number of the SSB in the frame, then can detect the beginning of the radio frame, and then start the process of time synchronization.

It can be seen from FIG. 3 that in the SSB, there are 127 subcarriers in the frequency domain for SSS. On the other hand, the PBCH is distributed over 576 subcarriers, that is, 240+240+48+48=576. Of the 576 subcarriers used for PBCH, a quarter is the DMRS signal, ie 144 subcarriers. While existing solutions only utilize SSS and PBCH DMRS sub-carriers for cell measurement, which is only equivalent to 271 sub-carriers, i.e. 127(SSS)+144(DMRS)=271, the present disclosure uses PSS together with SSS and PBCH DMRS for cell measurement More accurate cell measurements.

Referring to FIG. 3, it can be seen that the PSS is mapped to 127 subcarriers near the lower end of the system bandwidth. PSS is used by the UE for downlink frame synchronization and provides radio frame boundaries within the radio frame. PSS is also a factor in determining PCI. When PSS is combined with SSS and PBCH DMRS for cell measurement, the total number of subcarriers is 127(PSS)+127(SSS)+144(DMRS)=398. Therefore, the present disclosure provides an apparatus and method that increases the amount of reference signals by 47% compared to existing solutions using only SSS and PBCH DMRS for cell measurements. The addition of PSS subcarriers can improve the accuracy of cell measurement by increasing reference signal samples.

It should be appreciated that in Figure 3, the present disclosure is described using an m-sequence and NR PSS mapped to 127 sub-carriers as an example. However, other wireless communication standards using different amounts of sub-carriers are also applicable to the present disclosure. For example, LTE PSS using Zadoff-Chu sequence and mapped to 72 subcarriers is also applicable to the present disclosure.

4 illustrates an exemplary use case for PSS-based cell measurement in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4 , terminal device 400 (eg, the example of terminal device 102 in FIG. 1 ) may include a processor 402 (eg, the example of processor 202 in FIG. 2 ) and a memory 404 (eg, the example of example of memory 204). In some embodiments, terminal device 400 obtains a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from a base station 406 (eg, the example of access node 104 in FIG. 1 ) to which terminal device 400 is connected. In some embodiments, terminal device 400 may obtain the SSB from more than one base station, eg, from base station 406 and base station 408 as shown in FIG. 4 .

Although base station 406 or 408 is shown as a single element, it will be appreciated that base station 406 or 408 may be replaced by any number of interconnected base stations and/or network elements. The base station 406 may generate and transmit the SSB to the terminal device 400 as described above in FIG. 3 . In some embodiments, terminal device 400 obtains SSS, PSS, and PBCH DMRS from each SSB in consecutive OFDM symbols. Each SSB occupies four OFDM symbols in the time domain and is distributed over 240 subcarriers in the frequency domain, as shown in Figure 3. To obtain SSS, PSS, and PBCH DMRS, terminal device 400 receives the SSB from base station 406 and/or base station 408, and extracts the SSS, PSS, and PBCH DMRS from the SSB. Then, cell measurements are performed based on reference signal samples of SSS, PSS, and PBCH DMRS. In some embodiments, the number of reference signal samples is 398 (127(PSS)+127(SSS)+144(DMRS)=398). Since the amount of reference signal samples is increased in the application of the present disclosure, the accuracy of cell measurement can be improved. By improving the accuracy of cell measurements, erroneous handover or cell reselection decisions can be avoided. Therefore, the UE can quickly detect the quality problem of the serving cell when moving out of coverage, and quickly detect the handover target cell in the RRC connected state, or quickly detect the cell to be reselected in the RRC idle state. In addition, since reliable measurements can be obtained with fewer measurement trials, UE battery power consumption can also be reduced.

In some embodiments, after the terminal device 400 obtains the SSS, PSS, and PBCH DMRS, the terminal device 400 may further obtain the physical layer cell identity (PCI) of the base station 406 and/or the base station 408 based on the SSB. PCI is an identifier of a cell in the physical layer of the network and is used to separate different senders. PCI is calculated by adding two different downlink synchronization signals PSS and SSS. In order for the assignments to be conflict-free, there should not be any two adjacent cells sharing the same PCI on the same frequency. If the UE is to be handed over from one cell to another and the source and target cells share the same PCI, there is no explicit way to inform the UE to which cell it should be handed over. Therefore, in wireless communication applications, different base stations have different PCIs.

When the terminal device 400 receives SSB from only one base station, the terminal device 400 should obtain only one PCI, and then the terminal device 400 will perform cell measurement based on the combined reference signal samples of SSS, PSS, and PBCH DMRS. When terminal device 400 receives SSB from more than one base station (eg, from base station 406 and base station 408 shown in FIG. 4 ), terminal device 400 should obtain more than one PCI and will perform further determinations.

In some embodiments, when determining that the SSB contains more than one PCI, the end device 400 may also determine the PSS serial number for each PCI. According to the communication standard, PSS consists of three different sequence numbers 0, 1 and 2, and the sequence number is obtained from the cell identity of the base station. Therefore, the serial numbers of different base stations may be different or the same. In the case that the PCIs of different base stations have the same PSS sequence number, it may not be possible to use PSS for cell measurement due to PSS collision.

Figure 5 illustrates an exemplary determination of PCI and PSS serial numbers in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In operation 502, SSB0 contains two different PCIs, PCI0 and PCI100. In other words, SSB0 is obtained from two different base stations. Base stations with PCI0 use PSS sequence 0, and base stations with PCI 100 use PSS sequence 1. Therefore, there is no collision and cell measurements can be performed using this PSS. In operation 504, SSB1 contains two different PCIs, PCI200 and PCI300. Base stations with PCI 200 use PSS sequence 2, and base stations with PCI 300 use PSS sequence 0. Therefore, in operation 504, there is also no collision, and the PSS can be used to perform cell measurements. In operation 506, SSB2 contains two different PCIs, PCI0 and PCI300. Both the base station with PCI 0 and the base station with PCI 300 use PSS sequence 0, thus colliding with each other. Therefore, this PSS cannot be used to perform cell measurements. In operation 508, SSB3 contains only one PCI, and no collision determination procedure is required, and the PSS can be used to perform cell measurements.

In some embodiments, when it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of the two PCIs are different, the terminal device 400 may also detect the energy per resource element (EPRE) value of the PSS and the EPRE value of the SSS. The base station determines the downlink transmission energy per resource element, and the UE can assume that the downlink cell-specific reference signals EPRE (including PSS EPRE and SSS EPRE) are constant over the downlink system bandwidth and over all subframes is constant until different cell-specific reference signal power information is received. However, in some applications the PSS transmit power may be different, in which case the PSS power must be offset before performing cell measurements.

The ratio of PSS EPRE to SSS EPRE in the SS/PBCH block is 0 dB or 3 dB. When the ratio of PSS EPRE to SSS EPRE is 0dB, the PSS power is the same as the SSS power, and no offset is required. In this case, PSS can be used together with SSS and PBCH DMRS for cell measurements. However, when the PSS EPRE is about 3dB higher than the SSS EPRE, the offset of the PSS is required. After shifting the PSS, the shifted PSS can be used together with the SSS and PBCH DMRS to perform cell measurements. Offset of PSS means reducing PSS signal strength by 3dB.

6 shows a block diagram of an apparatus 600 including a baseband chip 602, an RF chip 604, and a host chip 606 in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparatus 600 may be an example of any suitable node of wireless network 100 in FIG. 1 , such as terminal device 102 in FIG. 1 or terminal device 400 in FIG. 4 . As shown in FIG. 6 , apparatus 600 may include baseband chip 602 , RF chip 604 , host chip 606 , and one or more antennas 610 . In some embodiments, baseband chip 602 is implemented by processor 202 and memory 204 described above with respect to FIG. 2 , and RF chip 604 is implemented by processor 202 , memory 204 , and transceiver 206 described above with respect to FIG. 2 . The combined PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS based cell measurement scheme disclosed herein may be implemented as a PHY layer component of the baseband chip 602 of the apparatus 600 . Each chip 602, 604, or 606 may include on-chip memory (also referred to as "internal memory", eg, registers, buffers, or caches). As described in detail below, the on-chip memory of baseband chip 602 may be used to buffer reference signal samples in PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS to perform cell measurements. In addition to the on-chip memory on each chip 602 , 604 , or 606 , apparatus 600 may also include external memory 608 (eg, system memory or main memory), which may be accessed by each chip 602 , 604 , or 606 . System bus/main bus shared. Although the baseband chip 602 is shown as a separate SoC in FIG. 6, it should be understood that in one example, the baseband chip 602 and the RF chip 604 may be integrated into one SoC; in another example, the baseband chip 602 and the host Chip 606 may be integrated into one SoC; in yet another example, baseband chip 602, RF chip 604, and host chip 606 may be integrated into one SoC, as described above.

In the uplink, host chip 606 may generate and send raw data to baseband chip 602 for encoding, modulation and mapping. Baseband chip 602 may also access raw data generated by host chip 606 and stored in external memory 608, eg, using direct memory access (DMA). Baseband chip 602 may first encode (eg, by source coding and/or channel coding) the raw data and use any suitable modulation technique (eg, polyphase pre-shared key (MPSK) modulation or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)) Modulation encoded data. The baseband chip 602 may perform any other functions, such as symbol mapping or layer mapping, to convert the raw data into a signal that can be used to modulate the carrier frequency for transmission. In the uplink, baseband chip 602 may send the modulated signal to RF chip 604 . The RF chip 604, via a transmitter (Tx), can convert the modulated signal in digital form to an analog signal, an RF signal, and perform any suitable front-end RF functions, such as filtering, up-conversion, or sample rate conversion. Antenna 610 (eg, an antenna array) may transmit RF signals provided by the transmitter of RF chip 604 .

In the downlink, the antenna 610 may receive the RF signal and pass the RF signal to the receiver (Rx) of the RF chip 604 . RF chip 604 may perform any suitable front-end RF functions, such as filtering, downconversion, or sample rate conversion, and convert the RF signal into a low frequency digital signal (baseband signal) that can be processed by baseband chip 602 . In the downlink, baseband chip 602 can demodulate and decode baseband signals (including SSB) to extract raw data that can be processed by host chip 606 . The baseband chip 602 may perform additional functions such as error checking, demapping, channel estimation, descrambling, and the like. The raw data provided by baseband chip 602 may be sent directly to host chip 606 or stored in external memory 608 .

7 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary baseband chip 700 for cell measurements based on a combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Baseband chip 700 (eg, the example of baseband chip 602 in FIG. 6 ) may include physical (PHY) layer circuitry 704 and buffers 703 . As described in detail below, baseband chip 700 in conjunction with transceiver 702 (eg, the example of RF chip 604 in FIG. 6 ) may enable cell measurements based on the combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS disclosed herein. In some embodiments, baseband chip 700 and transceiver 702 are integrated on a baseband SoC (also referred to as a modem SoC or baseband model chipset).

As shown in FIG. 7 , the PHY layer circuit 704 may include, for example, a receive module 706 , an extraction module 708 , a determination module 710 , a detection module 712 , an offset module 714 , and a cell measurement module 716 . In some embodiments, each module 706, 708, 710, 712, 714, or 716 of the PHY layer circuit 704 is an application specific integrated circuit (IC), such as an ASIC circuit, for performing the corresponding function described in detail below. It should be appreciated that in some examples, one or more of the modules 706 , 708 , 710 , 712 , 714 , and 716 of the PHY layer circuit 704 may be implemented as a general-purpose processor (eg, a micro-processor) on the baseband chip 700 software modules running on the controller). In other words, PHY layer circuitry 704 may be replaced with a mix of hardware and software modules on baseband chip 700 . The buffer 703 may be part of the on-chip memory of the baseband chip 700 .

The transceiver 702 may be configured to receive signals from a network such as a base station (eg, the example of the access node 104 in FIG. 1 ). In some embodiments, the network is a 5G wireless network with NR. It should be understood that the wireless network is not limited to including NR, and may include any other suitable RAT, such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) or Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) for cellular networks, and for wireless local area networks (WLANs). ), Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, and any suitable combination thereof. A terminal device with a baseband chip 700 and a transceiver 702 may camp on an NR cell of an NR base station (eg, an eNB), and the transceiver 702 may, for example, receive an SSB from an NR base station in an RRC connected state or in an RRC idle state. Communicate with the NR base station.

The receiving module 706 can be configured to receive the SSB from at least one base station. The receive module 706 is configured to operate on the OFDM format to combine the advantages of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and frequency division multiplexing (FDM) and produce a high speed data rate communication system. Extraction module 708 may be configured to extract PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS from each SSB, eg, based on the arrangement of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS in each SSB in the frequency and time domains as described above with respect to FIG. 3 . In some embodiments, the receiving module 706 and the extracting module 708 may be two separate modules. In some embodiments, receiving module 706 may include extracting module 708 . In some embodiments, the PSS, SSS and PBCH DMRS extracted from each SSB may be stored in buffer 703 for operation in cell measurement module 716. In some embodiments, cell measurement module 716 may be configured to subsequently perform cell measurements based on a combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, the extraction module 708 may also be configured to extract the PCI of the at least one base station and the PSS sequence number of each PCI from the SSB, and the PHY layer circuit 704 may further include a determination module 710 for determining based on The extracted PCI and PSS sequence numbers are used to determine whether the extracted PSS is suitable for cell measurement.

The determination module 710 may be configured to determine whether the SSB contains more than one PCI. Since the receiving module 706 can receive the SSB from one or more than one base station, the PCI is used as an identifier of a cell in the network physical layer, which is used to separate different senders. When the determination module 710 determines that the SSB contains only one PCI, it means that the receiving module 706 only receives the SSB from one base station, so in this case the cell measurement module 716 may be configured to be based on a combination of PSS, SSS and PBCH DMRS Perform cell measurements.

In some embodiments, when the determination module 710 determines that the SSB contains more than one PCI, which means the receiving module 706 receives the SSB from more than one base station, the determination module 710 may also be configured to determine the PSS sequence of at least two PCIs number is different. As mentioned above, the PSS consists of three different sequence numbers 0, 1, and 2, which are obtained from the cell identity of the base station. When the determination module 710 determines that the PSS sequence numbers of different PCIs are the same, it means that the PSS collides, and the PSS cannot be used to perform cell measurement. In some embodiments, upon determining that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, the cell measurement module 716 may therefore be configured to perform cell measurements based on a combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, the PHY layer circuitry 704 may also include a detection module 712 and an offset module 714 to further adjust the power of the PSS prior to performing cell measurements. The detection module 712 may be configured to detect the first EPRE value of the PSS and the second EPRE value of the SSS. The UE may assume that the downlink cell-specific reference signal EPRE (including PSS EPRE and SSSEPRE) is constant over the downlink system bandwidth and constant over all subframes until different cell-specific reference signal power information is received . However, in some applications, the PSS transmit power may be different and the PSS power must be offset before performing cell measurements.

The ratio of PSS EPRE to SSS EPRE in the SS/PBCH block is 0 dB or 3 dB. When the detection module 712 detects that the ratio of PSSEPRE to SSS EPRE is about 0 dB, it means that the PSS power is the same as the SSS power, no offset is required, and the PSS can be used with SSS and PBCH DMRS to perform cell measurements. When the detection module 712 detects that the ratio of the PSS EPRE to the SSS EPRE is about 3 dB, which means that the PSS EPRE is about 3 dB higher than the SSS EPRE, the PSS needs to be shifted.

The offset module 714 may be configured to offset the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB. Cell measurement module 716 may then be configured to perform cell measurements based on a combination of offset PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS.

Cell measurement module 716 may be configured to perform cell measurements based on reference signal samples in PSS (or offset PSS), SSS, and PBCH DMRS. For example, the cell measurement module 716 may perform cell measurements using the PSS (or offset PSS) in each SSB, the SSS, and 398 reference signal samples in the PBCH DMRS.

8 illustrates a flow diagram of an exemplary method 800 for PSS, SSS and PBCH DMRS based cell measurements in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. Examples of apparatuses that can perform the operations of method 800 include, for example, terminal device 102 shown in FIG. 1 and terminal device 400 shown in FIG. 4 , and baseband chip 602 shown in FIG. 6 and baseband chip 700 shown in FIG. 7 , or any other device disclosed herein. It should be understood that the operations shown in method 800 are not exhaustive and that other operations may be performed before, after, or in between any operations shown. Furthermore, some operations may be performed concurrently, or in a different order than shown in FIG. 8 . It should be noted that the entire process of method 800 including operations 802, 804, 806, 808, 810, 812, 814, 816, 818, and 820 described below may be performed in an idle state or a connected state of the terminal device.

8, the method 800 begins at operation 802 in which a terminal device obtains an SSB from at least one base station. In some embodiments, the terminal device receives the SSB from at least one base station. In some embodiments, the PHY layer of the terminal device receives the SSB from at least one base station. As shown in FIG. 7 , the receiving module 706 can enable the terminal device to receive the SSB through the transceiver 702 . The terminal device may obtain the SSB from one or more than one base station to which the terminal device is connected. For example, the base station may be an NR base station, such as an NB.

The method 800 proceeds to operation 804 in which the PSS, SSS and PBCH DMRS are extracted from the SSB received in operation 802. In some embodiments, the terminal device obtains the PSS, SSS and PBCH DMRS from the base station. PSS, SSS and PBCH DMRS may be obtained together in consecutive OFDM symbols. Each SSB occupies 4 OFDM symbols in the time domain and is distributed over 240 subcarriers in the frequency domain. OFDM recognizes that band-limited quadrature signals can be combined in a significantly overlapping manner while avoiding inter-channel interference. In some embodiments, using OFDM, an array of orthogonal sub-carriers is created that work together to transmit information within a frequency range.

The method 800 proceeds to operation 806 and operation 808, as shown in FIG. 8, where the terminal device obtains the PCI of at least one base station based on the SSB received in operation 802, and determines whether the SSB contains more than one PCI. Since the terminal device may receive the SSB from one or more than one base station, the PCI is used as the identifier of the cell in the network physical layer, and the PCI is obtained in operation 806 . When operation 808 determines that the SSB contains only one PCI, which means that the terminal device receives the SSB from only one base station, method 800 may proceed to operation 820 to perform cell measurements based on a combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS.

When operation 808 determines that the SSB contains more than one PCI, which means that the terminal device receives the SSB from more than one base station, method 800 may proceed to operation 810 and operation 812 . Operation 810 can obtain the PSS serial number for each PCI, and operation 812 can also determine whether the PSS serial numbers of the PCIs are different. The PSS consists of three different sequence numbers, 0, 1, and 2, and the sequence numbers are obtained from the cell identity of the base station. When operation 812 determines that the PSS sequence numbers of different PCIs are the same, this means that the PSS collides, the PSS may not be used to perform cell measurements, and the method 800 may proceed to operation 802 again.

When operation 812 determines that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, method 800 may proceed to operation 814 and operation 816 to determine whether signal strength adjustment is required. Operation 814 detects the first EPRE value of the PSS and the second EPRE value of the SSS. The ratio of PSS EPRE to SSS EPRE in the SS/PBCH block is 0 dB or 3 dB. Operation 816 may determine whether the PSS EPRE is approximately 3 dB higher than the SSS EPRE or approximately equal to the SSS EPRE. When operation 816 determines that PSS EPRE is approximately equal to SSS EPRE, which means that PSS power does not need to be adjusted, method 800 may proceed to operation 820 to perform cell measurements based on a combination of PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS.

When operation 816 determines that the PSS EPRE is about 3 dB higher than the SSS EPRE, which means that the PSS power needs to be adjusted, method 800 may proceed to operation 818 to shift the signal strength of the PSS. Operation 818 shifts the signal strength of the PSS by reducing the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB. Then, operation 820 may perform cell measurement based on a combination of the offset PSS, SSS, and PBCH DMRS. It should be appreciated that, in some examples, operation 820 may perform cell measurement based on 398 reference signal samples (127(PSS)+127(SSS)+144(DMRS)=398) to improve the accuracy of the cell measurement.

In various aspects of the present disclosure, the functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as instructions or code on a non-transitory computer-readable medium. Computer readable media includes computer storage media. A storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computing device. By way of example and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, HDD (eg, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device), flash drive, SSD, or any other medium that Any other medium can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a processing system such as a mobile device or computer. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes CDs, laser discs, optical discs, DVDs, and floppy disks, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a terminal device includes at least one processor and a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to obtain at least a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station; a synchronization signal (SSS) and a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS); and performing cell measurements based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: obtain a physical layer cell identity (PCI) of the at least one base station based on the SSB; When the SSB contains more than one PCI, determining the PSS sequence number of each PCI; and when determining that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, executing the cell based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS Measurement.

In some embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device, when it is determined that the SSB contains only one PCI, based on the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS A combination of performing cell measurements.

In some embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to detect the first energy per resource unit of the PSS when it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of the two PCIs are different ( EPRE) value and the second EPRE value of the SSS; when it is determined that the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, the signal strength of the PSS is shifted 3dB; and performing cell measurements based on a combination of offset PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device, upon determining that the first EPRE value of the PSS is approximately equal to the second EPRE value of the SSS, maintain the signal strength of the PSS; and performing cell measurements based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to reduce the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB to shift the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a terminal device includes at least one processor and a memory storing instructions. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station; obtain a primary synchronization signal (PSS) for the SSB ); obtain the physical layer cell identity (PCI) of the at least one base station based on the SSB; when it is determined that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determine the PSS sequence number of each PCI; When the PSS sequence numbers are different, cell measurements are performed based on at least the PSS.

In some embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: when it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, detect the first per resource unit of the PSS energy (EPRE) value and the second EPRE value of the secondary synchronization signal (SSS); comparing the first EPRE value of the PSS with the second EPRE value of the SSS; after determining the ratio of the first EPRE value of the PSS When the second EPRE value of the SSS is about 3 dB higher, the signal strength of the PSS is shifted by 3 dB; and cell measurements are performed based on at least the shifted PSS.

In some embodiments, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: upon determining that the first EPRE value of the PSS is approximately equal to the second EPRE value of the SSS, maintain the signal strength of the PSS; and performing cell measurements based at least on the PSS.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a baseband chip includes a physical (PHY) layer circuit including a receiving module, an extraction module, and a cell measurement module. The receiving module is configured to obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) from at least one base station. The extraction module is configured to extract a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) from the SSB. The cell measurement module is configured to perform cell measurements based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, the extraction module is further configured to extract a physical layer cell identity (PCI) of the at least one base station and a PSS sequence number of each PCI from the SSB.

In some embodiments, the PHY layer circuit further includes a determination module configured to determine whether the SSB contains more than one PCI, and when determining that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determine at least two Whether the PSS serial numbers of each PCI are different. Upon determining that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, the cell measurement module is configured to perform cell measurement based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, the PHY layer circuit further includes a detection module and an offset module. The detection module is configured to detect a first energy per resource element (EPRE) value of the PSS and a second EPRE value of the SSS when it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of the at least two PCIs are different. The offset module is configured to offset the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB when the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS. The cell measurement module is configured to perform cell measurements based on a combination of offset PSS, SSS and PBCH DMRS.

According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication implemented by a terminal device is disclosed. A synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) is obtained from at least one base station. The primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the SSB are obtained. Cell measurements are performed based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, a physical layer cell identity (PCI) of the at least one base station is obtained based on the SSB. Determine if the SSB contains more than one PCI. When it is determined that the SSB contains more than one PCI, the PSS serial number of each PCI is obtained. Determine if the PSS serial numbers of at least two PCIs are different. When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, cell measurement is performed based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, upon determining that the PSS sequence numbers of the two PCIs are different, a first energy per resource element (EPRE) value of the PSS and a second EPRE value of the SSS are detected. It is determined whether the first EPRE value of the PSS is approximately 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS or approximately equal to the second EPRE value of the SSS. When it is determined that the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, the signal strength of the PSS is shifted by 3 dB. Cell measurements are performed based on a combination of the offset PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for wireless communication implemented by a terminal device is disclosed. A synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) is obtained from at least one base station. The primary synchronization signal (PSS) of the SSB is obtained. A physical layer cell identity (PCI) of the at least one base station is obtained based on the SSB. Determine if the SSB contains more than one PCI. When it is determined that the SSB contains more than one PCI, the PSS sequence number of each PCI is determined. When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, cell measurement is performed based on at least the PSS.

In some embodiments, a first energy per resource element (EPRE) value of the PSS and a second EPRE value of the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) are detected when the PSS sequence numbers of the at least two PCIs are determined to be different. The first EPRE value of the PSS is compared with the second EPRE value of the SSS. When it is determined that the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, the signal strength of the PSS is shifted by 3 dB. Cell measurements are performed based on at least the offset PSS.

According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a method implemented by a physical (PHY) layer circuit of a baseband chip is disclosed. A synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block (SSB) is obtained from at least one base station. Primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) are extracted from the SSB. Cell measurements are performed based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

In some embodiments, the physical layer cell identity (PCI) of the at least one base station and the PSS sequence number of each PCI from the SSB are extracted. Determine if the SSB contains more than one PCI. When it is determined that the SSB contains more than one PCI, it is determined whether the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different. When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, a first energy per resource element (EPRE) value of the PSS and a second EPRE value of the SSS are detected. When the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, the signal strength of the PSS is shifted by 3 dB. Cell measurements are performed based on the combination of the offset PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH DMRS.

The foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments will disclose the general nature of the disclosure so that others, by applying knowledge within the skill in the art, can readily modify these specific embodiments and/or make changes without departing from the general concept of the present disclosure. These specific examples are suitable for a variety of applications without undue experimentation. Therefore, such adaptations and modifications are intended to be within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments, based on the teaching and guidance provided herein. It is to be understood that the terminology or phraseology herein is for the purpose of description and not limitation, so that the terminology or phraseology of this specification will be interpreted by one of ordinary skill in the art based on teaching and guidance.

Embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above with the aid of functional building blocks that illustrate the implementation of specified functions and relationships thereof. The boundaries of these functional building blocks are arbitrarily defined herein for ease of description. Alternate boundaries may be defined so long as the specified functions and relationships thereof are appropriately performed.

The SUMMARY and Abstract sections may set forth one or more, but not all, exemplary embodiments of the disclosure contemplated by the inventors and, therefore, are not intended to limit the disclosure and the appended claims in any way.

Various functional blocks, modules and steps are disclosed above. The specific arrangements provided are illustrative, not restrictive. Accordingly, the functional blocks, modules, and steps may be reordered or combined in ways different from the examples provided above. Likewise, certain embodiments include only a subset of functional blocks, modules, and steps, and any such subset is permitted.

The breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims (20)

1. A terminal device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel PBCH block SSB from at least one base station; obtaining the primary synchronization signal PSS, the secondary synchronization signal SSS and the PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS of the SSB; and Cell measurements are performed based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH DMRS. 2. The terminal device of claim 1, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: obtaining the physical layer cell identifier PCI of the at least one base station based on the SSB; upon determining that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determining the PSS sequence number for each PCI; and The cell measurement is performed based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH DMRS when it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different. 3. The terminal device of claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: The cell measurement is performed based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS when it is determined that the SSB contains only one PCI. 4. The terminal device of claim 2, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of the two PCIs are different, detecting the first energy EPRE value per resource unit of the PSS and the second EPRE value of the SSS; upon determining that the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, shifting the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB; and The cell measurements are performed based on a combination of offset PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS. 5. The terminal device of claim 4, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: maintaining the signal strength of the PSS upon determining that the first EPRE value of the PSS is approximately equal to the second EPRE value of the SSS; and The cell measurement is performed based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS. 6. The terminal device of claim 4, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to: The signal strength of the PSS is reduced by 3dB to shift the signal strength of the PSS by 3dB. 7. A terminal device, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory that stores instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the terminal device to at least: obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel PBCH block SSB from at least one base station; obtaining the primary synchronization signal PSS of the SSB; obtaining the physical layer cell identifier PCI of the at least one base station based on the SSB; upon determining that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determining the PSS sequence number for each PCI; and When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, cell measurement is performed based on at least the PSS. 8. The terminal device of claim 7, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, detecting the first EPRE value of the energy per resource unit of the PSS and the second EPRE value of the secondary synchronization signal SSS; comparing the first EPRE value of the PSS with the second EPRE value of the SSS; upon determining that the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, shifting the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB; and The cell measurements are performed based on at least an offset PSS. 9. The terminal device of claim 8, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the terminal device to: maintaining the signal strength of the PSS upon determining that the first EPRE value of the PSS is approximately equal to the second EPRE value of the SSS; and The cell measurements are performed based on at least the PSS. 10. A baseband chip, comprising: a physical (PHY) layer circuit, the PHY layer circuit comprising: a receiving module configured to obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel PBCH block SSB from at least one base station; an extraction module configured to extract the primary synchronization signal PSS, the secondary synchronization signal SSS, and the PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS from the SSB; and A cell measurement module configured to perform cell measurement based on a combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS. 11. The baseband chip of claim 10, wherein the extraction module is further configured to extract a physical layer cell identity PCI of the at least one base station and a PSS sequence number of each PCI from the SSB. 12. The baseband chip of claim 11, wherein the PHY layer circuit further comprises: a determining module configured to determine whether the SSB contains more than one PCI, and when determining that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determine whether the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, Wherein, when it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, the cell measurement module is configured to perform the cell measurement based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS. 13. The baseband chip of claim 12, wherein the PHY layer circuit further comprises: a detection module configured to detect a first energy per resource unit EPRE value of the PSS and a second EPRE value of the SSS when it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different; and an offset module configured to offset the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB when the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, Wherein, the cell measurement module is configured to perform the cell measurement based on a combination of the offset PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS. 14. A method for wireless communication implemented by a terminal device, comprising: obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel PBCH block SSB from at least one base station; obtaining the primary synchronization signal PSS, the secondary synchronization signal SSS and the PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS of the SSB; and Cell measurements are performed based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising: obtaining the physical layer cell identifier PCI of the at least one base station based on the SSB; determining whether the SSB contains more than one PCI; When it is determined that the SSB contains more than one PCI, obtain the PSS serial number of each PCI; determining whether the PSS serial numbers of at least two PCIs are different; and The performing cell measurement is performed based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS when it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising: When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of the two PCIs are different, detecting the first energy EPRE value per resource unit of the PSS and the second EPRE value of the SSS; determining whether the first EPRE value of the PSS is approximately 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS or approximately equal to the second EPRE value; upon determining that the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, shifting the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB; and The cell measurements are performed based on a combination of offset PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS. 17. A method for wireless communication implemented by a terminal device, comprising: obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel PBCH block SSB from at least one base station; obtaining the primary synchronization signal PSS of the SSB; obtaining the physical layer cell identifier PCI of the at least one base station based on the SSB; determining whether the SSB contains more than one PCI; upon determining that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determining the PSS sequence number for each PCI; and When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, cell measurement is performed based on at least the PSS. 18. The method of claim 17, after determining the PSS serial number for each PCI, further comprising: When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, detecting a first EPRE value of energy per resource unit of the PSS and a second EPRE value of a secondary synchronization signal (SSS); comparing the first EPRE value of the PSS with the second EPRE value of the SSS; upon determining that the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, shifting the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB; and The cell measurements are performed based on at least an offset PSS. 19. A method implemented by a physical PHY layer circuit of a baseband chip, comprising: obtain a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel PBCH block SSB from at least one base station; extracting the primary synchronization signal PSS, the secondary synchronization signal SSS and the PBCH demodulation reference signal DMRS from the SSB; and Cell measurements are performed based on the combination of the PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS. 20. The method of claim 19, further comprising: Extract the physical layer cell identity PCI of the at least one base station and the PSS sequence number of each PCI from the SSB; determining whether the SSB contains more than one PCI; When it is determined that the SSB contains more than one PCI, determining whether the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different; When it is determined that the PSS sequence numbers of at least two PCIs are different, detecting the first energy EPRE value per resource unit of the PSS and the second EPRE value of the SSS; When the first EPRE value of the PSS is about 3 dB higher than the second EPRE value of the SSS, shifting the signal strength of the PSS by 3 dB; and The cell measurements are performed based on a combination of offset PSS, the SSS and the PBCH DMRS.

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