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CN115236066A - Detection technology of sulfur dioxide content in samples - Google Patents

Detection technology of sulfur dioxide content in samples Download PDF

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CN115236066A
CN115236066A CN202210854239.XA CN202210854239A CN115236066A CN 115236066 A CN115236066 A CN 115236066A CN 202210854239 A CN202210854239 A CN 202210854239A CN 115236066 A CN115236066 A CN 115236066A
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赵文建
夏瑛
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Shanghai Heguan Instrument Co ltd
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Abstract

提供了一种样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,包括以下步骤:加热蒸馏液和该蒸馏液中的样品并使所述蒸馏液完全沸腾;施加氮气至该蒸馏液中;所述氮气携带二氧化硫和水蒸汽进入串联的第一冷凝管和第二冷凝管并被导入吸收液;将标准碱液滴定至所述吸收液并计算样品中二氧化硫的含量。该工艺设置有两级冷凝,提高了水蒸汽的分离和移除效率,避免了水蒸汽对后续滴定检测的干扰和影响,提高了二氧化硫含量的检测精度,同时完全沸腾加快二氧化硫的挥发速度,提高了检测效率。在蒸馏同时可自动滴定标准碱液,实现完全的检测自动化。

Figure 202210854239

Provided is a process for detecting sulfur dioxide content in a sample, comprising the following steps: heating a distillate and a sample in the distillate and making the distillate completely boil; applying nitrogen gas to the distillate; the nitrogen carrying sulfur dioxide and water The steam enters the first and second condenser tubes in series and is led into the absorption liquid; standard alkali is titrated to the absorption liquid and the content of sulfur dioxide in the sample is calculated. The process is equipped with two-stage condensation, which improves the separation and removal efficiency of water vapor, avoids the interference and influence of water vapor on subsequent titration detection, improves the detection accuracy of sulfur dioxide content, and at the same time, complete boiling speeds up the volatilization speed of sulfur dioxide, improving the detection efficiency. At the same time of distillation, standard lye can be automatically titrated to realize complete detection automation.

Figure 202210854239

Description

样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺Detection technology of sulfur dioxide content in samples

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及食品及药品二氧化硫残留检测领域,尤其涉及一种样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺。The invention relates to the field of detection of sulfur dioxide residues in foods and medicines, in particular to a detection process for the content of sulfur dioxide in a sample.

背景技术Background technique

食药材的安全健康日益受到重视。其中,对于食药材中二氧化硫的含量需要进行专门的检测。现有技术中,把待检测的样品放在试管内,加稀释的盐酸、对样品加热蒸馏,让二氧化硫气体被蒸馏出液面,并通过氮气将二氧化硫气体推到冷凝管内,冷凝管把蒸馏产生的水蒸气冷凝返回到试管内,而二氧化硫被氮气再推到收集容器例如反应杯被加了显色剂的吸收液吸收,从而实现二氧化硫的收集,之后再通过检测人员人工滴定。例如,现有的国家食品二氧化硫检测标准中规定,对样品加热蒸馏需要保持蒸馏液(例如盐酸溶液)“微沸”状态,且蒸馏的时间为90-120分钟。然而,“微沸”的状态难以标准化且难以控制,蒸馏的时间长且效率低,收集的气体成分和含量难以精确控制,且如果沸腾程度大于“微沸”,产生蒸馏水太多水分就可能会随机(管道对液体有吸附效应,结累多了才会流下)流入反应杯,且这蒸馏水都溶有二氧化硫,可能是上个样品残留的蒸馏水流入,产生极大的交叉干扰。后续的人工滴定检测的结果误差也很大。The safety and health of food and medicinal materials has been paid more and more attention. Among them, the content of sulfur dioxide in edible and medicinal materials needs to be specially detected. In the prior art, the sample to be detected is placed in a test tube, diluted hydrochloric acid is added, and the sample is heated and distilled, so that the sulfur dioxide gas is distilled out of the liquid surface, and the sulfur dioxide gas is pushed into the condensation tube through nitrogen, and the condensation tube produces the distillation result. The water vapor condensed and returned to the test tube, and the sulfur dioxide was pushed to the collection container by nitrogen gas, such as the reaction cup, and absorbed by the absorbing liquid with the color developer, so as to realize the collection of sulfur dioxide, and then manually titrated by the testing personnel. For example, the existing national food sulfur dioxide detection standard stipulates that heating and distillation of the sample needs to maintain the "slightly boiling" state of the distillate (such as hydrochloric acid solution), and the distillation time is 90-120 minutes. However, the state of "slight boiling" is difficult to standardize and control, the distillation time is long and the efficiency is low, the collected gas composition and content are difficult to precisely control, and if the degree of boiling is greater than "slight boiling", too much water in distilled water may be produced. Randomly (the pipe has an adsorption effect on the liquid, and it will flow down if it is too much) into the reaction cup, and the distilled water is dissolved in sulfur dioxide, which may be the inflow of the residual distilled water from the previous sample, resulting in great cross-interference. The results of subsequent manual titration tests are also very error-prone.

因此,有必要研究一种样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺来解决上述的一个或多个技术问题。Therefore, it is necessary to study a detection process for sulfur dioxide content in a sample to solve one or more of the above technical problems.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为解决上述至少一个技术问题,申请人经过研究发现,现有技术中的来自蒸馏液的水蒸汽往往会随着氮气和二氧化硫夹带到反应杯内,因而会稀释反应杯内显色剂颜色,在滴定检测时酸碱平衡终点判断会漂移并出现误差。为此,根据本发明一方面,提供了一种样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于包括:In order to solve the above-mentioned at least one technical problem, the applicant has found through research that the water vapor from the distillate in the prior art is often entrained into the reaction cup along with nitrogen and sulfur dioxide, thereby diluting the color of the color developer in the reaction cup. During titration detection, the judgment of the end point of acid-base balance will drift and cause errors. To this end, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a detection process for the content of sulfur dioxide in a sample, characterized in that it includes:

加热蒸馏液和该蒸馏液中的样品并使所述蒸馏液完全沸腾;heating the distillate and the sample in the distillate and bringing the distillate to a complete boil;

施加氮气至该蒸馏液中;applying nitrogen to the distillate;

所述氮气携带二氧化硫和水蒸汽进入串联的第一冷凝管和第二冷凝管并被导入吸收液;The nitrogen carries sulfur dioxide and water vapor into the first condenser tube and the second condenser tube in series and is introduced into the absorption liquid;

将标准碱液滴定至所述吸收液并计算样品中二氧化硫的含量。A standard base was titrated to the absorption solution and the content of sulfur dioxide in the sample was calculated.

根据本发明又一方面,根据加热蒸馏液的时间来判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全,所述时间为第一预定时间,所述第一预定时间为5-60分钟。According to another aspect of the present invention, it is judged that the distillation of sulfur dioxide in the sample is complete according to the time for heating the distillate, which is a first predetermined time, and the first predetermined time is 5-60 minutes.

根据本发明又一方面,根据所述蒸馏液完全沸腾的时间来判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全,所述时间为第一预定时间,所述第一预定时间为5-40分钟。According to another aspect of the present invention, it is judged that the sulfur dioxide in the sample is completely distilled according to the time when the distillate is completely boiled, and the time is a first predetermined time, and the first predetermined time is 5-40 minutes.

根据本发明又一方面,通过设置于反应杯第一侧的发光单元以及位于反应杯第二侧的颜色传感器来自动判定滴定酸碱平衡点。According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the titration acid-base balance point is automatically determined by the light-emitting unit disposed on the first side of the cuvette and the color sensor located on the second side of the cuvette.

根据本发明又一方面,根据吸收液中的颜色指示剂的实时颜色绘制色框,并将实时记录的标准碱液滴定速度绘制成柱状图,通过显示器进行显示。According to yet another aspect of the present invention, a color frame is drawn according to the real-time color of the color indicator in the absorption liquid, and the real-time recorded standard alkali droplet titration speed is drawn into a bar graph, which is displayed on a display.

根据本发明又一方面,滴定过程中控制标准碱液的滴定速度由快到慢,且慢滴间隔时间逐渐变长,直至单位时间内无滴定,当单位时间内无滴定时判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全。According to another aspect of the present invention, in the titration process, the titration speed of the standard alkali solution is controlled from fast to slow, and the interval time between slow drops gradually becomes longer, until there is no titration per unit time, and when there is no titration per unit time, it is judged that the sulfur dioxide in the sample is distilled completely.

根据本发明又一方面,在蒸馏结束前5-30秒,在反应杯内增加预定量的吸收液。According to yet another aspect of the present invention, 5-30 seconds before the end of distillation, a predetermined amount of absorbing liquid is added into the reaction cup.

根据本发明又一方面,所述第一预定时间随着蒸馏液的沸腾剧烈程度增加而减小。According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the first predetermined time decreases as the boiling severity of the distillate increases.

根据本发明又一方面,施加至蒸馏液的氮气的流量为1-2.5升每分钟。According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the flow rate of nitrogen applied to the distillate is 1-2.5 liters per minute.

根据本发明又一方面,所述第一预定时间为10-20分钟。According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the first predetermined time is 10-20 minutes.

本发明可以获得以下一个或多个技术效果:The present invention can obtain one or more of the following technical effects:

可实现样品中二氧化硫含量的自动实时检测,包括自动加盐酸、吸收液、蒸馏、滴定、滴定终点判断、计算结果等。并能提示:样品中二氧化硫是否被蒸馏完全?滴定是否在平衡点?消除错误数据的产生,减少检测人员工作量;It can realize automatic real-time detection of sulfur dioxide content in samples, including automatic addition of hydrochloric acid, absorption liquid, distillation, titration, titration end point judgment, calculation results, etc. And can prompt: Is the sulfur dioxide in the sample distilled completely? Is the titration at equilibrium? Eliminate the generation of erroneous data and reduce the workload of inspection personnel;

设置有两级冷凝,避免了水蒸汽对后续滴定检测的干扰和影响,提高了二氧化硫含量的检测精度;Two-stage condensation is provided, which avoids the interference and influence of water vapor on subsequent titration detection, and improves the detection accuracy of sulfur dioxide content;

蒸馏液完全沸腾可加快二氧化硫的挥发速度,提高检测效率,可将二氧化硫的完全提取时间缩短至5-60分钟之间,包括实现自动滴定并计算二氧化硫含量;The complete boiling of the distillate can speed up the volatilization speed of sulfur dioxide, improve the detection efficiency, and shorten the complete extraction time of sulfur dioxide to between 5-60 minutes, including automatic titration and calculation of sulfur dioxide content;

完全沸腾与两级冷凝的结合进一步实现了水蒸汽的高效去除和检测效率的大幅提高,同时减小了检测误差。The combination of complete boiling and two-stage condensation further realizes the efficient removal of water vapor and greatly improves the detection efficiency, while reducing the detection error.

附图说明Description of drawings

下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

图1为根据本发明的一种优选实施例的二氧化硫检测工艺流程图。Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of sulfur dioxide detection according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

图2为根据本发明的一种优选实施例的二氧化硫检测仪的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a sulfur dioxide detector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

图3为根据本发明的一种优选实施例的酸碱平衡点自动判断单元的结构示意图。3 is a schematic structural diagram of an acid-base balance point automatic determination unit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

图4为根据本发明的一种优选实施例的二氧化硫蒸馏-滴定图。Figure 4 is a sulfur dioxide distillation-titration diagram according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

图5根据本发明的一种优选实施例的第一冷凝管的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first condenser pipe according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图,通过优选实施例来描述本发明的最佳实施方式,这里的具体实施方式在于详细地说明本发明,而不应理解为对本发明的限制,在不脱离本发明的精神和实质范围的情况下,可以做出各种变形和修改,这些都应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the best mode of implementation of the present invention will be described through preferred embodiments. The specific embodiments herein are intended to describe the present invention in detail, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention. Various deformations and modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention, and these should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

根据本发明的一种优选实施方式,参见图1,提供了一种样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于包括:According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 , a process for detecting sulfur dioxide content in a sample is provided, which is characterized by comprising:

加热蒸馏液和该蒸馏液中的样品并使所述蒸馏液完全沸腾;heating the distillate and the sample in the distillate and bringing the distillate to a complete boil;

施加氮气至该蒸馏液中;applying nitrogen to the distillate;

所述氮气携带二氧化硫和水蒸汽进入串联的第一冷凝管和第二冷凝管并被导入吸收液;The nitrogen carries sulfur dioxide and water vapor into the first condenser tube and the second condenser tube in series and is introduced into the absorption liquid;

将标准碱液滴定至所述吸收液并计算样品中二氧化硫的含量。A standard base was titrated to the absorption solution and the content of sulfur dioxide in the sample was calculated.

优选地,第一冷凝管将极大部分的水蒸汽冷凝后返流到试管内。第二冷凝管将剩下的水蒸汽冷凝后得到二氧化硫和氮气的混合气体。Preferably, the first condensing tube condenses a large part of the water vapor and flows back into the test tube. The second condenser tube condenses the remaining water vapor to obtain a mixed gas of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen.

优选地,将标准碱液滴定至所述吸收液直到酸碱平衡点,随着二氧化硫的进入反应杯,标准碱随后滴定,反复到蒸馏结束。根据消耗标准碱体积计算样品中二氧化硫的含量。Preferably, the standard alkali is titrated to the absorption liquid until the acid-base equilibrium point, and as the sulfur dioxide enters the reaction cup, the standard alkali is subsequently titrated, and the distillation is repeated until the end of the distillation. Calculate the content of sulfur dioxide in the sample based on the consumption of standard alkali volume.

进一步,由于水对二氧化硫有吸收能力,所以蒸馏后尽可能把产生的水蒸汽与之分离。如果有不确定的水量(管道对液体有吸附效应,滴入反应杯液体是随机状态)进入到反应杯,也就是不确定量的二氧化硫可能进入反应杯(也有可能上个样品的残留),检测数据会产生误差。由于样品中的二氧化硫是极微量的,通常自毫克的量级,任何的可能干扰都将产生大幅的误差。Further, since water has the ability to absorb sulfur dioxide, the generated water vapor is separated from it as much as possible after distillation. If there is an uncertain amount of water (the pipe has an adsorption effect on the liquid, and the liquid dripping into the reaction cup is a random state) into the reaction cup, that is, an uncertain amount of sulfur dioxide may enter the reaction cup (it may also be the residue of the previous sample), detect Data can be inaccurate. Since the amount of sulfur dioxide in the sample is very small, usually on the order of milligrams, any possible interference will produce large errors.

进一步,在药典和食品国标中,要求试管内液体处于“微沸”状态,目的尽可能少产生水蒸气,并能被冷凝管冷却返回到试管内。由于这种“微沸”没有确切定义和量化,调整“微沸”状态给检测带来不确定性。更何况即便没有加热,氮气充入样品液体肉眼也会看到“微沸”态,这就有可能样品在没有达到温度的情形下出现假“微沸”状态而进行检测。使得二氧化硫气体不易被蒸馏出来,即便通过长时间的蒸馏未必能获得可靠的数据(90-120分钟)。Further, in the Pharmacopoeia and the national food standard, the liquid in the test tube is required to be in a "slightly boiling" state, the purpose is to generate as little water vapor as possible, and it can be cooled by the condenser and returned to the test tube. Since this "slight boiling" is not precisely defined and quantified, adjusting the "slightly boiling" state brings uncertainty to the detection. What's more, even if there is no heating, the "slightly boiling" state will be seen by the naked eye when nitrogen is charged into the sample liquid, which may cause the sample to appear in a false "slightly boiling" state for detection without reaching the temperature. It makes the sulfur dioxide gas not easy to be distilled out, even if it is not possible to obtain reliable data through long-term distillation (90-120 minutes).

优选地,采用步进电机自动滴定标准碱液。例如可采用浓度0.01mol/L的标准碱,可以理解的是,肉眼对酸碱平衡终点判断带有较大的误差,且手工滴定最小滴定体积在50-80μl。相比而言,采用步进电机自动滴定最小滴定体积只有10μl。Preferably, a stepper motor is used to automatically titrate the standard lye. For example, a standard base with a concentration of 0.01 mol/L can be used. It is understandable that the naked eye has a large error in judging the end point of acid-base balance, and the minimum titration volume of manual titration is 50-80 μl. In contrast, the minimum titration volume for automatic titration with a stepper motor is only 10 μl.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,根据加热蒸馏液的时间来判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全,所述时间为第一预定时间,所述第一预定时间为5-60分钟。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the complete distillation of sulfur dioxide in the sample is determined according to the time for heating the distillate, which is a first predetermined time, and the first predetermined time is 5-60 minutes.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,根据所述蒸馏液完全沸腾的时间来判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全,所述时间为第一预定时间,所述第一预定时间为5-40分钟。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is judged that the distillation of sulfur dioxide in the sample is complete according to the time when the distillate is completely boiled, and the time is a first predetermined time, and the first predetermined time is 5-40 minutes.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,通过设置于反应杯第一侧的发光单元以及位于反应杯第二侧的颜色传感器来自动判定滴定酸碱平衡点。更具体地,通过设置于反应杯第一侧的发光单元以及位于反应杯第二侧的颜色传感器通过吸收液中显色剂的颜色变化来自动判定滴定酸碱平衡点。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the titration acid-base equilibrium point is automatically determined by the light-emitting unit disposed on the first side of the cuvette and the color sensor located on the second side of the cuvette. More specifically, the titration acid-base balance point is automatically determined by the color change of the color developing agent in the absorption liquid through the light-emitting unit disposed on the first side of the cuvette and the color sensor located on the second side of the cuvette.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,参见图4,根据吸收液中的颜色指示剂的实时颜色绘制色框,并将实时记录的标准碱液滴定速度绘制成柱状图,通过显示器进行显示,即显示二氧化硫蒸馏-滴定图。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4 , a color frame is drawn according to the real-time color of the color indicator in the absorption liquid, and the real-time recorded standard alkali liquid titration speed is drawn into a bar graph, which is displayed on the display, that is, the display Sulfur dioxide distillation-titration diagram.

进一步,由于二氧化硫气体重,监测二氧化硫被蒸馏状态、滴定是否在平衡点非常重要,为此设计了二氧化硫蒸馏-滴定图。二氧化硫被推送到吸收液内预定时间例如一分钟后,开始滴定(即同步蒸馏和滴定),记录单位时间滴定体积,前期有大量的二氧化硫气体被吸收,标准碱快速的滴定,并随时判断滴定是否到酸碱平衡点,反复的滴定-检测,随着大量二氧化硫被吸收后,被蒸馏出的二氧化硫量逐渐减少,滴定液变得很慢、间隔时间变长。据此可以判断最后的时间二氧化硫几乎被蒸馏完全了。同时把反应杯内酸碱点描成平衡曲线,判断滴定终点是否在平衡点。Further, due to the heavy weight of sulfur dioxide gas, it is very important to monitor the state of sulfur dioxide being distilled and whether the titration is at the equilibrium point. Therefore, a sulfur dioxide distillation-titration chart is designed. After the sulfur dioxide is pushed into the absorption liquid for a predetermined time, such as one minute, start the titration (ie, simultaneous distillation and titration), record the titration volume per unit time, and a large amount of sulfur dioxide gas is absorbed in the early stage. To the acid-base equilibrium point, repeated titration-detection, as a large amount of sulfur dioxide is absorbed, the amount of distilled sulfur dioxide gradually decreases, the titration solution becomes very slow, and the interval becomes longer. According to this, it can be judged that the sulfur dioxide was almost completely distilled at the last time. At the same time, draw the acid-base point in the reaction cup into an equilibrium curve to determine whether the end point of the titration is at the equilibrium point.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,滴定过程中控制标准碱液的滴定速度由快到慢,且慢滴间隔时间逐渐变长,直至单位时间内无滴定,当单位时间内无滴定时判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全。更具体地,滴定过程中控制标准碱液的滴定速度由反应杯内颜色决定,开始时大量二氧化硫被蒸馏出来,单位时间滴定体积很大,随着试管内二氧化硫越来越少,单位时间滴定量会小,如果单位时间没有二氧化硫被蒸馏出来就不滴定。且慢滴间隔时间逐渐变长,直至第二预定时间内无滴定时,可以判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the titration process, the titration speed of the standard alkali solution is controlled from fast to slow, and the interval between slow drops gradually becomes longer until there is no titration per unit time. Distillation of sulfur dioxide is complete. More specifically, the titration speed of the control standard lye in the titration process is determined by the color in the reaction cup. At the beginning, a large amount of sulfur dioxide is distilled out, and the titration volume per unit time is very large. As the sulfur dioxide in the test tube becomes less and less, the titration volume per unit time will be small, and if no sulfur dioxide is distilled out per unit time, it will not be titrated. And the slow titration interval gradually becomes longer, and when there is no titration within the second predetermined time, it can be judged that the sulfur dioxide in the sample is completely distilled.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,在蒸馏结束前5-30秒,在反应杯内增加预定量的吸收液。进一步,由于氮气量在狭窄管道通到反应杯会对吸收液产生很大的冲击,有可能被裹挟的二氧化硫冲出吸收液,而反应杯截面积很大,氮气的推力几乎消失,被冲出的氮气被反应杯壁上液体吸收或漂浮在液面上。本发明在蒸馏结束前5-30秒,反应杯内增加定量的吸收液,把二者通过吸收液吸收,继续蒸馏-滴定至酸碱平衡,进一步提高了检测数据的准确性。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, 5-30 seconds before the end of distillation, a predetermined amount of absorbing liquid is added to the reaction cup. Further, since the amount of nitrogen passing through the narrow pipe to the reaction cup will have a great impact on the absorption liquid, it is possible that the entrained sulfur dioxide will flush out of the absorption liquid, and the cross-sectional area of the reaction cup is very large, and the thrust of the nitrogen gas almost disappears and is flushed out. The nitrogen gas is absorbed by the liquid on the cuvette wall or floats on the liquid surface. In the present invention, 5-30 seconds before the end of distillation, a quantitative absorption liquid is added in the reaction cup, the two are absorbed through the absorption liquid, and the distillation-titration is continued to acid-base balance, thereby further improving the accuracy of detection data.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述第一预定时间随着蒸馏液的沸腾剧烈程度增加而减小。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined time decreases as the boiling intensity of the distillate increases.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,施加至蒸馏液的氮气的流量为1-2.5升每分钟。由于二氧化硫气体较重,需要通过氮气助力完成整个过程。氮气的流量也是很重要的参数。过小产生不了足够的推力,二氧化硫气体不能完全被吸收。太大可能使蒸馏水快速的经过冷凝管,不能充分冷却,增加水蒸气进入反应杯的概率。反应杯内出来的氮气会裹挟着二氧化硫来不及被吸收液吸收而冲出吸收液。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of nitrogen applied to the distillate is 1-2.5 liters per minute. Due to the heavy weight of sulfur dioxide gas, the entire process needs to be assisted by nitrogen. The flow rate of nitrogen is also an important parameter. If it is too small, it cannot generate enough thrust, and the sulfur dioxide gas cannot be completely absorbed. If it is too large, it may cause the distilled water to quickly pass through the condenser and not be sufficiently cooled, increasing the probability of water vapor entering the reaction cup. Nitrogen gas coming out of the reaction cup will be wrapped in sulfur dioxide before it can be absorbed by the absorption liquid and flushed out of the absorption liquid.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述第一预定时间为10-20分钟。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined time is 10-20 minutes.

本发明可以获得以下一个或多个技术效果:The present invention can obtain one or more of the following technical effects:

可实现样品中二氧化硫含量的自动实时检测,减少检测人员工作量;It can realize automatic real-time detection of sulfur dioxide content in samples and reduce the workload of testing personnel;

设置有两级冷凝,避免了水蒸汽对后续滴定检测的干扰和影响,提高了二氧化硫含量的检测精度;Two-stage condensation is provided, which avoids the interference and influence of water vapor on subsequent titration detection, and improves the detection accuracy of sulfur dioxide content;

蒸馏液完全沸腾可加快二氧化硫的挥发速度,提高检测效率,包括自动加盐酸、吸收液、蒸馏、滴定、滴定终点判断、计算结果等。并能提示:样品中二氧化硫是否被蒸馏完全?滴定是否在平衡点?消除错误数据的产生,可将二氧化硫的完全提取时间缩短至5-60分钟之间,包括实现自动滴定并计算二氧化硫含量;The complete boiling of the distillate can speed up the volatilization rate of sulfur dioxide and improve the detection efficiency, including automatic addition of hydrochloric acid, absorption liquid, distillation, titration, titration end point judgment, calculation results, etc. And can prompt: Is the sulfur dioxide in the sample distilled completely? Is the titration at equilibrium? Eliminate the generation of erroneous data, which can shorten the complete extraction time of sulfur dioxide to between 5-60 minutes, including automatic titration and calculation of sulfur dioxide content;

完全沸腾与两级冷凝的结合进一步实现了水蒸汽的高效去除和检测效率的大幅提高,同时减小了检测误差。The combination of complete boiling and two-stage condensation further realizes the efficient removal of water vapor and greatly improves the detection efficiency, while reducing the detection error.

实施例2Example 2

根据本发明一种优选实施方式,参见图2-3,提供了一种二氧化硫检测仪,其特征在于包括:According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to Figures 2-3, a sulfur dioxide detector is provided, which is characterized by comprising:

试管,用于容纳蒸馏液和样品;Test tubes for holding distillates and samples;

蒸汽发生器,用于产生蒸汽并通过该蒸汽加热所述蒸馏液和样品,维持所述蒸馏液完全沸腾;a steam generator for generating steam and heating the distillate and the sample by the steam, keeping the distillate fully boiling;

氮气发生器,用于产生氮气并施加至试管内;Nitrogen generator for generating nitrogen and applying it to the test tube;

第一冷凝管,与所述试管连通,氮气携带二氧化硫和水蒸汽从所述试管进入该第一冷凝管;a first condenser tube, communicated with the test tube, and nitrogen carrying sulfur dioxide and water vapor enters the first condenser tube from the test tube;

第二冷凝管,与所述第一冷凝管串联;a second condensing pipe, connected in series with the first condensing pipe;

反应杯,容纳有吸收液和颜色指示剂,来自第二冷凝管的氮气和二氧化硫通入所述吸收液;以及a reaction cup containing an absorption liquid and a color indicator into which nitrogen and sulfur dioxide from the second condenser are passed; and

滴定单元,用于将标准碱液滴定至所述吸收液并计算样品中二氧化硫的含量。The titration unit is used for titrating standard alkali to the absorption liquid and calculating the content of sulfur dioxide in the sample.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述的二氧化硫检测仪还包括蒸馏结束判定单元,用于判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfur dioxide detector further includes a distillation end determination unit for determining that the sulfur dioxide in the sample is completely distilled.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述蒸馏结束判定单元根据蒸汽发生器的工作时长来确定蒸馏结束,所述工作时长为第一预定时间,所述第一预定时间为5-60分钟。可以理解的是,第一预定时间可以根据经验来确定。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distillation end determination unit determines the end of distillation according to the working time of the steam generator, where the working time is a first predetermined time, and the first predetermined time is 5-60 minutes. It can be understood that, the first predetermined time can be determined according to experience.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述的二氧化硫检测仪还包括酸碱平衡点自动判断单元,所述酸碱平衡点自动判断单元包括设置于反应杯第一侧的发光单元以及位于反应杯第二侧的颜色传感器。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfur dioxide detector further includes an acid-base balance point automatic judging unit, and the acid-base balance point automatic judging unit includes a light-emitting unit disposed on the first side of the cuvette and a light-emitting unit located on the first side of the cuvette. Color sensor on both sides.

优选地,颜色指示剂的颜色变化可通过颜色传感器进行检测,并将检测到的数据实时发送至处理器,处理器接受并存储实时的颜色变化并进行处理,检测的颜色由开始红色到滴定终点是黄色,则滴定结束。显色剂采用甲基红,酸性显色红色,碱性显黄色。双氧水呈弱酸性,显红色,二氧化硫被吸收后继续呈红色,随着蒸馏同时标准碱滴定也开始了,随着碱的滴定,反应杯内呈黄色,到蒸馏结束时,再次判断是否到酸碱平衡点。Preferably, the color change of the color indicator can be detected by a color sensor, and the detected data is sent to the processor in real time, and the processor accepts and stores the real-time color change and processes it, and the detected color starts from red to the end of the titration. is yellow, the titration is over. The color-developing agent is methyl red, which is red in acid and yellow in alkali. The hydrogen peroxide is weakly acidic and appears red. After the sulfur dioxide is absorbed, it continues to appear red. With the distillation, the standard alkali titration also begins. With the titration of the alkali, the inside of the reaction cup is yellow. balance point.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述的二氧化硫检测仪还包括蒸馏图谱单元,用于根据颜色指示剂的实时颜色绘制色框,并将实时记录的标准碱液滴定速度绘制成柱状图,通过显示器进行显示。检测人员可以通过该蒸馏图谱监察检测过程和最终数据是否异常。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfur dioxide detector further includes a distillation atlas unit, which is used to draw a color frame according to the real-time color of the color indicator, and draw the real-time recorded standard alkali titration speed into a histogram, through the display is displayed. Detectors can monitor the detection process and whether the final data is abnormal through the distillation map.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述的二氧化硫检测仪还包括滴定控制单元,用于控制标准碱液的滴定速度由快到慢,且慢滴间隔时间逐渐变长,直至单位时间内无滴定;所述蒸馏结束判定单元根据单位时间内无滴定判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sulfur dioxide detector further includes a titration control unit, which is used to control the titration speed of the standard alkali solution from fast to slow, and the interval time between slow drops gradually becomes longer until there is no titration per unit time; The distillation end judgment unit judges that the distillation of sulfur dioxide in the sample is complete according to no titration per unit time.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述反应杯的底部连通有排液阀。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a drain valve is communicated with the bottom of the reaction cup.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述第一预定时间随着蒸馏液的沸腾剧烈程度增加而减小。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined time decreases as the boiling intensity of the distillate increases.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,施加至试管内的氮气的流量为1-2.5升每分钟。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of nitrogen gas applied to the test tube is 1-2.5 liters per minute.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述第一预定时间为10-20分钟,所述二氧化硫检测仪为全自动二氧化硫检测仪。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined time is 10-20 minutes, and the sulfur dioxide detector is an automatic sulfur dioxide detector.

可以理解的是,与现有技术相同,试管内容纳有蒸馏液和待检测样品。蒸馏液例如为盐酸溶液(例如0.3mol/L)。量取盐酸150-200mL,缓缓倾入容纳样品的试管中。It can be understood that, as in the prior art, the test tube contains the distillate and the sample to be tested. The distillate is, for example, a hydrochloric acid solution (for example, 0.3 mol/L). Measure 150-200mL of hydrochloric acid and pour it into the test tube containing the sample slowly.

优选地,所述发光单元为复合光频谱灯。Preferably, the light-emitting unit is a compound light spectrum lamp.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述吸收液为过氧化氢溶液,所述颜色指示剂为甲基红乙醇溶液指示剂。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the absorbing liquid is a hydrogen peroxide solution, and the color indicator is a methyl red ethanol solution indicator.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述反应杯的与所述发光单元和颜色传感器对应的部位由光学玻璃组成。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the parts of the cuvette corresponding to the light-emitting unit and the color sensor are composed of optical glass.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,来自水蒸汽发生器的水蒸汽通过管路引导至蒸馏液底部。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam from the steam generator is led to the bottom of the distillate through a pipeline.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,来自氮气发生器的氮气通过管路引导至蒸馏液底部。According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen gas from the nitrogen generator is led to the bottom of the distillate through piping.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,参见图5,所述第一冷凝管包括:According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 5 , the first condensation pipe includes:

本体2,包括两个或更多个膨胀部22以及连接于相邻膨胀部22之间的颈部21且具有位于第一端的混合气体入口23和位于第二端的混合气体出口24;以及a body 2 comprising two or more expansion parts 22 and a neck 21 connected between adjacent expansion parts 22 and having a mixed gas inlet 23 at a first end and a mixed gas outlet 24 at a second end; and

扰流管3,设置于所述混合气体出口24且第一端31伸入临近所述混合气体出口的膨胀部内,且第二端32伸出于所述混合气体出口;The spoiler pipe 3 is arranged at the mixed gas outlet 24, and the first end 31 extends into the expansion part adjacent to the mixed gas outlet, and the second end 32 extends out of the mixed gas outlet;

其中,所述本体2外环绕有冷却液,该扰流管3的伸入膨胀部内的部分由依次连接的竖直部和弯折部组成。The body 2 is surrounded by cooling liquid, and the portion of the spoiler tube 3 extending into the expansion portion is composed of a vertical portion and a bent portion that are connected in sequence.

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,所述本体2竖直布置且所述混合气体入口23在下,所述混合气体出口24在上,位于所述扰流管的第一端31的开口朝向一侧。有利地,扰流管的第一端伸入临近混合气体出口的膨胀部内,避免了气体直接从出口贯通而出,改变、扰动和增大了气流的路径,增加了水蒸汽撞击本体内壁的次数,进一步提高了冷凝效率。According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the body 2 is arranged vertically with the mixed gas inlet 23 at the bottom, the mixed gas outlet 24 at the top, and the opening at the first end 31 of the spoiler pipe faces to one side . Advantageously, the first end of the spoiler pipe extends into the expansion part adjacent to the outlet of the mixed gas, which prevents the gas from directly passing through the outlet, changes, disturbs and increases the path of the airflow, and increases the number of times that the water vapor hits the inner wall of the body. , further improving the condensation efficiency.

本发明的工作原理如下:把样品放在试管(试管)内,加稀释的盐酸、对样品加热蒸馏让二氧化硫气体被蒸馏出液面,由于二氧化硫气体分子量是空气2倍多,需要在蒸馏液内通氮气。氮气作用把二氧化硫气体推到冷凝管内,冷凝管把蒸馏产生的水蒸气冷凝返回到试管内,而二氧化硫被氮气再推到反应杯被加了显色剂的吸收液吸收。然后,再通过标准碱对吸收二氧化硫的吸收液滴定,通过显色剂的颜色变化来判定酸碱平衡点,最后通过消耗的标准碱体积来计算样品的二氧化硫的含量。The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the sample is placed in a test tube (test tube), diluted hydrochloric acid is added, and the sample is heated and distilled to allow the sulfur dioxide gas to be distilled out of the liquid surface. Pass nitrogen. The nitrogen action pushes the sulfur dioxide gas into the condenser tube, the condenser tube condenses the water vapor produced by distillation and returns it to the test tube, and the sulfur dioxide is pushed into the reaction cup by the nitrogen gas and absorbed by the absorbing liquid with the color developer. Then, titrate the absorption titration of absorbing sulfur dioxide by standard alkali, determine the acid-base balance point by the color change of the color developer, and finally calculate the content of sulfur dioxide in the sample by the volume of standard alkali consumed.

实施例3Example 3

根据本发明又一优选实施方式,分别对两批样品进行检测如下:According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, two batches of samples are detected as follows:

1.试剂和材料1. Reagents and Materials

1.1试剂1.1 Reagents

1.1.1过氧化氢(H2O2):30%。1.1.1 Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2): 30%.

1.1.2无水乙醇(C2H5OH)。1.1.2 Absolute ethanol (C2H5OH).

1.1.3氢氧化钠(NaOH)。1.1.3 Sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

1.1.4甲基红(C15H15N3O2)。1.1.4 Methyl red (C15H15N3O2).

1.1.5分析纯盐酸(HCl):(ρ20=1.19g/mL)。1.1.5 Analytical pure hydrochloric acid (HCl): (ρ20=1.19 g/mL).

1.1.6高纯氮气。1.1.6 High-purity nitrogen.

1.1.7亚硫酸钠(Na2SO3)1.1.7 Sodium sulfite (Na2SO3)

1.2试剂配置1.2 Reagent configuration

1.2.1过氧化氢溶液(3%):量取质量分数为30%的过氧化氢100mL,加水稀释至1000mL。临用时现配。1.2.1 Hydrogen peroxide solution (3%): Measure 100 mL of hydrogen peroxide with a mass fraction of 30%, add water to dilute to 1000 mL. Ready for temporary use.

1.2.2盐酸溶液(0.3mol/L):量取盐酸(ρ20=1.19g/mL)125mL,缓缓倾入4500mL水中,边加边搅拌,继续加水定容至5000mL。1.2.2 Hydrochloric acid solution (0.3mol/L): Measure 125mL of hydrochloric acid (ρ20=1.19g/mL), slowly pour it into 4500mL of water, add while stirring, and continue to add water to dilute to 5000mL.

1.2.3甲基红乙醇溶液指示剂(2.5g/L):称取甲基红指示剂0.25g,溶于100mL无水乙醇中。充分溶解后取3mL指示剂至1.2.1中。1.2.3 Methyl red ethanol solution indicator (2.5g/L): Weigh 0.25 g of methyl red indicator and dissolve it in 100 mL of absolute ethanol. After fully dissolving, take 3mL indicator to 1.2.1.

1.3标准溶液1.3 Standard solution

氢氧化钠标准溶液(0.01mol/L):按照GB/T 601配制并标定或经国家认证并授予标准物质证书的标准滴定溶液。Sodium hydroxide standard solution (0.01mol/L): a standard titration solution prepared and calibrated according to GB/T 601 or certified by the state and granted a certificate of reference material.

2测试条件2 Test Conditions

2.1盐酸溶液(0.3mol/L):150mL。2.1 Hydrochloric acid solution (0.3mol/L): 150mL.

2.2过氧化氢溶液(3%):80mL。2.2 Hydrogen peroxide solution (3%): 80 mL.

2.3蒸馏功率:450W.2.3 Distillation power: 450W.

2.4蒸馏时间:15分钟。2.4 Distillation time: 15 minutes.

2.5氮气:1.5L/分钟。2.5 Nitrogen: 1.5 L/min.

2.6亚硫酸钠溶液:溶液1取1mL、溶液2取1ml。2.6 Sodium sulfite solution: take 1 mL of solution 1 and 1 mL of solution 2.

3测试结果3 Test results

Figure BDA0003745950600000111
Figure BDA0003745950600000111

本发明可以获得以下一个或多个技术效果:The present invention can obtain one or more of the following technical effects:

可实现样品中二氧化硫含量的自动实时检测,包括自动加盐酸、吸收液、蒸馏、滴定、滴定终点判断、计算结果等。并能提示:样品中二氧化硫是否被蒸馏完全?滴定是否在平衡点?消除错误数据的产生,减少检测人员工作量;It can realize automatic real-time detection of sulfur dioxide content in samples, including automatic addition of hydrochloric acid, absorption liquid, distillation, titration, titration end point judgment, calculation results, etc. And can prompt: Is the sulfur dioxide in the sample distilled completely? Is the titration at equilibrium? Eliminate the generation of erroneous data and reduce the workload of inspection personnel;

设置有两级冷凝,避免了水蒸汽对后续滴定检测的干扰和影响,提高了二氧化硫含量的检测精度;Two-stage condensation is provided, which avoids the interference and influence of water vapor on subsequent titration detection, and improves the detection accuracy of sulfur dioxide content;

蒸馏液完全沸腾可加快二氧化硫的挥发速度,提高检测效率,可将二氧化硫的完全提取时间缩短至5-60分钟之间,包括实现自动滴定并计算二氧化硫含量;The complete boiling of the distillate can speed up the volatilization speed of sulfur dioxide, improve the detection efficiency, and shorten the complete extraction time of sulfur dioxide to between 5-60 minutes, including automatic titration and calculation of sulfur dioxide content;

完全沸腾与两级冷凝的结合进一步实现了水蒸汽的高效去除和检测效率的大幅提高,同时减小了检测误差。The combination of complete boiling and two-stage condensation further realizes the efficient removal of water vapor and greatly improves the detection efficiency, while reducing the detection error.

本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护的范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1.一种样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于包括以下步骤:1. the detection technique of sulfur dioxide content in a sample is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 加热蒸馏液和该蒸馏液中的样品并使所述蒸馏液完全沸腾;heating the distillate and the sample in the distillate and bringing the distillate to a complete boil; 施加氮气至该蒸馏液中;applying nitrogen to the distillate; 所述氮气携带二氧化硫和水蒸汽进入串联的第一冷凝管和第二冷凝管并被导入吸收液;The nitrogen carries sulfur dioxide and water vapor into the first condenser tube and the second condenser tube in series and is introduced into the absorption liquid; 将标准碱液滴定至所述吸收液并计算样品中二氧化硫的含量。A standard base was titrated to the absorption solution and the content of sulfur dioxide in the sample was calculated. 2.根据权利要求1所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于根据加热蒸馏液的时间来判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全,所述时间为第一预定时间,所述第一预定时间为5-60分钟。2. the detection technique of sulfur dioxide content in the sample according to claim 1, is characterized in that according to the time of heating distillate to judge that the sulfur dioxide distillation in the sample is complete, and described time is the first predetermined time, and described first predetermined time 5-60 minutes. 3.根据权利要求1所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于根据所述蒸馏液完全沸腾的时间来判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全,所述时间为第一预定时间,所述第一预定时间为5-40分钟。3. the detection technique of sulfur dioxide content in the sample according to claim 1, it is characterized in that according to the time when described distillate fully boils, judge that the sulfur dioxide distillation in the sample is complete, and described time is the first predetermined time, the described second A predetermined time is 5-40 minutes. 4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于通过设置于反应杯第一侧的发光单元以及位于反应杯第二侧的颜色传感器来自动判定滴定酸碱平衡点。4. The detection process of sulfur dioxide content in the sample according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the titration is automatically determined by the light-emitting unit arranged on the first side of the reaction cup and the color sensor positioned on the second side of the reaction cup acid-base balance. 5.根据权利要求4所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于根据吸收液中的颜色指示剂的实时颜色绘制色框,并将实时记录的标准碱液滴定速度绘制成柱状图,通过显示器进行显示。5. the detection technique of sulfur dioxide content in the sample according to claim 4, it is characterized in that according to the real-time color of the color indicator in the absorption liquid to draw a color frame, and the standard alkali titration speed recorded in real time is drawn into a histogram, displayed on the display. 6.根据权利要求1所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于滴定过程中控制标准碱液的滴定速度由快到慢,且慢滴间隔时间逐渐变长,直至单位时间内无滴定,当单位时间内无滴定时判断样品中的二氧化硫蒸馏完全。6. the detection technique of sulfur dioxide content in the sample according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the titration process, the titration speed of control standard alkali liquor is from fast to slow, and the slow drip interval time gradually becomes longer, until there is no titration in unit time, When there is no titration per unit time, it is judged that the sulfur dioxide in the sample is completely distilled. 7.根据权利要求4所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于在蒸馏结束前5-30秒,在反应杯内增加预定量的吸收液。7 . The detection process of sulfur dioxide content in a sample according to claim 4 , wherein a predetermined amount of absorbing liquid is added to the reaction cup 5-30 seconds before the end of distillation. 8 . 8.根据权利要求4所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于所述第一预定时间随着蒸馏液的沸腾剧烈程度增加而减小。8 . The method for detecting sulfur dioxide content in a sample according to claim 4 , wherein the first predetermined time decreases as the boiling intensity of the distillate increases. 9 . 9.根据权利要求4所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于施加至蒸馏液的氮气的流量为1-2.5升每分钟。9. The method for detecting sulfur dioxide content in a sample according to claim 4, wherein the flow rate of nitrogen gas applied to the distillate is 1-2.5 liters per minute. 10.根据权利要求8所述的样品中二氧化硫含量的检测工艺,其特征在于所述第一预定时间为10-20分钟。10 . The method for detecting sulfur dioxide content in a sample according to claim 8 , wherein the first predetermined time is 10-20 minutes. 11 .
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