CN115214901A - A high-pressure gas ejection device and method with controllable acceleration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure gas ejection device and method with controllable acceleration, comprising a high-pressure gas tank, an ejection cylinder, a reset cylinder, a piston rod, a reset piston, an inflation pipeline, an ejection piston, an inflation valve, a reset exhaust valve, and a power gear. , winch, transmission rope and carrier vehicle; the high-pressure air tank is connected to the ejection cylinder through the inflation pipeline, the inflation valve is set on the inflation pipeline, the reset piston is set in the reset cylinder, the ejection piston is set in the ejection cylinder, and the ejection cylinder and the reset cylinder are shared A piston rod, the reset exhaust valve is arranged on the reset cylinder; the piston rod is provided with a rack, the power gear meshes with the rack of the piston rod, the power gear and the gear transmission are coaxially arranged, and the output end of the gear transmission is connected with the winch , the transmission rope is wound on the winch, and the transmission rope is connected with the carrier vehicle. The controllable adjustment of the ejection acceleration is realized, so that the ejection body can achieve the maximum ejection exit velocity under the specific ejection track length.

Description

A high-pressure gas ejection device and method with controllable acceleration

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ejection, in particular to a high-pressure gas ejection device and method with controllable acceleration.

Background technique

With the development of UAV technology, UAVs are more and more widely used in various industries: fixed-wing UAVs have large take-off weight, fast speed, and long stay in the air. Different types of UAVs are used in field surveys, It has broad application prospects in the fields of military reconnaissance and strike, military exercise training, disaster rescue and daily aerial photography. However, the conventional take-off method of fixed-wing UAVs is restricted by terrain and runways, and consumes a high proportion of energy during the take-off phase. At present, the existing technologies include hydraulic ejection, electromagnetic ejection, steam ejection, etc., but due to economic or technical deficiencies, the application requires high professional knowledge, poor universality and other shortcomings, and it is difficult to popularize and apply. The compressed gas ejection power technology uses high-pressure gas as the main power source, and drives the UAV to launch and take off through power cylinders and other devices, so that it can obtain a higher initial speed and acceleration. This technology has the advantages of low ejection cost, strong explosive power, and easy energy. There are many advantages such as good versatility, convenient maintenance, etc., there are relatively mature application products using compressed gas for UAV launch at home and abroad.

However, the current research and design of the compressed air ejection system revolves around the realization of a specific ejection exit velocity. The ejection process is a short-term mutation process. After the ejection starts, the acceleration quickly reaches the peak and then drops rapidly. The impact force on the projectile is a sudden change. It is easy to cause impact damage to the projectile; at the same time, the sudden change of acceleration makes the speed achieved by a certain length of the ejection track smaller, so to achieve the designed ejection speed, a longer ejection track has to be designed, and the system has poor compactness; and the compressed gas The stroke acceleration system used in the ejection system is composed of pulley ropes, the stability of the acceleration system is poor, and the acceleration ratio cannot be adjusted, resulting in poor universality of the ejection system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-pressure gas ejection device and method with a controllable acceleration in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The body has a maximum and fixed ejection acceleration on the basis of strength tolerance, and then achieves the maximum ejection exit velocity under a specific ejection track length, or achieves a certain ejection exit velocity under a shorter ejection track length.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A high-pressure gas ejection device with controllable acceleration, comprising a high-pressure gas tank, an ejection cylinder, a reset cylinder, a piston rod, a reset piston, an inflation pipeline, an ejection piston, an inflation valve, a reset exhaust valve, a power gear, a winch, a gear transmission, Transmission rope and carrier vehicle; high-pressure air tank is communicated with the ejection cylinder through the inflation pipeline, the inflation valve is arranged on the inflation pipeline, the reset piston is arranged in the reset cylinder, the ejection piston is arranged in the ejection cylinder, one end of the piston rod is connected to the reset piston, and the other end is connected to the ejection cylinder. Connect the ejection piston, the ejection cylinder and the reset cylinder share a piston rod, the reset exhaust valve is set on the reset cylinder; the piston rod is provided with a rack, the power gear meshes with the rack of the piston rod, and the power gear is coaxial with the gear transmission The output end of the gear transmission is connected with the winch, the transmission rope is wound on the winch, and one end of the transmission rope is connected with the carrier vehicle.

As a further preference of the present invention, it also includes a reset pipeline, a reset inflation valve and an ejection exhaust valve; the high-pressure gas tank is communicated with the reset cylinder through the reset pipeline, the reset inflation valve is arranged on the reset pipeline, and the ejection exhaust valve is arranged on the ejection cylinder. .

As a further preference of the present invention, it also includes a communication pipe and an intermediate valve, the communication pipe communicates the reset cylinder and the ejection cylinder, and the intermediate valve is arranged on the communication pipe.

As a further preference of the present invention, a limit gear is also included, racks are provided on both sides of the piston rod, and the limit gear and the power gear are respectively meshed with the racks on both sides of the piston rod.

As a further preference of the present invention, the piston rod is an eccentric rod, and the straight line formed by the midpoint of the meshing line of the power gear and the piston rod is the axis of the reset piston, the reset cylinder, the ejection piston and the ejection cylinder.

As a further preference of the present invention, it also includes an ejection track, the ejection track is inclined and the carrier vehicle is arranged on the ejection track, and the carrier vehicle moves from a low place to a high place under the traction of the transmission rope.

A high-pressure gas ejection method with controllable acceleration, step (1), ejection stage: when the ejection starts, open the inflation valve and reset the exhaust valve, and the remaining valves are closed; the high-pressure gas tank supplies air to the ejection cylinder to drive the ejection piston to move to the left When the piston rod extends out of the ejection cylinder, the power gear and the limit gear are driven to rotate by the rack on the piston rod; the carrier vehicle is pulled by winding and retracting the transmission rope; by adjusting the gear transmission, the pulling length of the transmission rope can be adjusted The ratio of the extension length of the piston rod to control the ejection acceleration of the carrier vehicle connected to the transmission rope and moving on the ejection track to realize the adjustment of the acceleration, which is suitable for different projectiles; step (2-2), reset stage: ejection After completion, close the charging valve and reset exhaust valve, open the reset charging valve and ejection exhaust valve, the gas in the high-pressure gas tank flows to the reset cylinder, push the reset piston to move in the opposite direction, under the meshing action of the rack of the piston rod, Drive the power gear to rotate in the reverse direction, and then drive the winch to rotate in the reverse direction through the gear transmission, release the transmission rope, and the carrier vehicle drags the transmission rope back to the ejection starting point; when the ejection piston returns to the initial position, close the reset inflation valve and ejection exhaust valve, Open the reset exhaust valve in preparation for the next ejection cycle.

As a further preference of the present invention, step (2-1) is also included between step (1) and step (2-2); step (2-1): close the inflation valve and reset the exhaust valve, open the middle valve, use The residual medium and high pressure gas in the ejection cylinder flows to the reset cylinder through the intermediate valve. When the pressure in the ejection cylinder and the reset cylinder are balanced, the intermediate valve is closed.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The constant ejection acceleration can prevent the ejection body from being subjected to severe impact force due to the drastic change of acceleration, realize the maximum and fixed ejection acceleration of the ejection body on the basis of strength tolerance, and then realize the maximum ejection exit velocity under the specific ejection track length, Or the length of the ejection track is small when a certain ejection exit velocity is achieved;

2. When the ejection cylinder is reset, the residual medium and high pressure gas energy in the cylinder is used to improve the energy utilization rate;

3. The power gear and limit gear play a guiding role for the piston rod extending out of the cylinder, which effectively avoids the instability of the end of the piston rod when it is extended for too long. The eccentric design of the piston rod makes the action line of the meshing force in the meshing line. The straight line formed by the points coincides with the axes of the piston and the cylinder, preventing the piston from bearing eccentric force for a long time, thereby prolonging the service life of the piston and cylinder components.

4. The gear/rack stroke conversion structure and gear transmission can proportionally change the ejection acceleration of the projectile by adjusting the speed ratio of the gear transmission under the condition that the pressure in the ejection cylinder remains unchanged, thereby achieving different ejection exit speeds Compared with the pulley block speed change system, the adjustment is more reliable and easy to maintain.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the connection schematic diagram of the power gear of the present invention, the gear transmission and the winch;

Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of the transmission cable of the present invention and the carrier vehicle;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the ejection stage of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the reset phase of the present invention.

Among them are: 1. High pressure gas tank; 2. Inflatable valve; 3. Ejection exhaust valve; 4. Ejection cylinder; 5. Ejection piston; 6. Piston rod; 7. Rack; 8. Power gear; 9. Limit Gear; 10. Reset piston; 11. Reset cylinder; 12. Reset exhaust valve; 13. Reset inflation valve; 14. Intermediate valve; 15. Winch; 16. Drive rope; 17. Ejection track; 18. Carrier cart; . projectile; 20. gear transmission; 21. inflation pipe; 22. communication pipe; 23. reset pipe.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "left side", "right side", "upper", "lower part", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only For the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, "first", "second", etc. importance, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1-5, a high-pressure gas ejection device with controllable acceleration includes a high-pressure gas tank 1, an ejection cylinder 4, a reset cylinder 11, a piston rod 6, a reset piston 10, an inflation pipe 21, an ejection piston 5, and an inflation Valve 2, reset exhaust valve 12, power gear 8, winch 15, transmission rope 16 and carrier vehicle 18; high-pressure gas tank 1 is communicated with ejection cylinder 4 through charging pipe 21, and charging valve 2 is arranged on the charging pipe 21 to reset the piston 10 is arranged in the reset cylinder 11, the ejection piston 5 is arranged in the ejection cylinder 4, one end of the piston rod 6 is connected with the reset piston 10, and the other end is connected with the ejection piston 5, the ejection cylinder 4 and the reset cylinder 11 share a piston rod 6, and the reset row The air valve 12 is arranged on the reset cylinder 11 .

The piston rod 6 is provided with a rack 7, the power gear 8 meshes with the rack 7 of the piston rod 6, and also includes a gear transmission 20, the power gear 8 and the gear transmission 20 are coaxially arranged, and the output end of the gear transmission 20 is connected with the winch 15. . The drive rope 16 is wound on the winch 15 , and the end of the drive rope 16 is connected to the carrier cart 18 , which is used to place the projectile 19 .

During the ejection process, the load received by the piston rod 6 directly/indirectly pushing the ejection body 19 is constant. As long as the pressure in the cylinder is kept constant through a series of controls, the acceleration of the cylinder piston will also remain constant. The acceleration transmitted to the drone by the series transmission mechanism will also remain constant.

It also includes a reset pipeline 23, a reset inflation valve 13 and an ejection exhaust valve 3; the high-pressure gas tank 1 is communicated with the reset cylinder 11 through the reset pipeline 23, the reset inflation valve 13 is arranged on the reset pipeline 23, and the ejection exhaust valve 3 is arranged on the ejection on cylinder 4. Using the gas pressure of the high-pressure gas tank 1, the piston rod 6 moves from left to right, driving the power gear 8 to rotate, and at the same time, the transmission rope 16 on the winch 15 is extended, and the carrier vehicle 18 returns to the original starting point.

It also includes a communication pipe 22 and an intermediate valve 14 . The communication pipe 22 communicates the reset cylinder 11 with the ejection cylinder 4 , and the intermediate valve 14 is arranged on the communication pipe 22 . After the ejection of the communication pipe 22 is completed, the inflation valve 2 and the reset exhaust valve 12 are closed, the intermediate valve 14 is opened, and the medium and high pressure gas remaining in the ejection cylinder 4 is used, and the medium and high pressure gas flows to the reset cylinder 11 through the intermediate valve 14 to make the ejection cylinder 4. Balance the pressure in the reset cylinder 11 to reduce the use of gas in the high-pressure gas tank 1.

At the same time, the high-pressure gas tank 1, the ejection cylinder 4 and the reset cylinder 11 are all provided with pressure sensors and temperature sensors to collect the pressure and temperature in the high-pressure gas tank 1, thereby obtaining the unit flow area of the high-pressure gas tank 1 flowing to the ejection cylinder 4. Mass flow, since the pressure and temperature of the high-pressure gas flowing to the ejection cylinder 4 are known, and it needs to be expanded in the ejection cylinder 4, by controlling the flow area of the valve, the mass of the high-pressure gas flowing to the ejection cylinder 4 can be maintained in the ejection cylinder 4. The pressure is constant.

It also includes a limit gear 9 , both sides of the piston rod 6 are provided with racks 7 , and the limit gear 9 and the power gear 8 are respectively meshed with the racks 7 on both sides of the piston rod 6 . The limit gear 9 prevents the piston rod 6 from bending sideways under force at the meshing place, so that the teeth on the piston rod 6 maintain a good meshing with the power gear 8 .

The piston rod 6 is an eccentric rod, and the straight line formed by the midpoint of the meshing line of the power gear 8 and the piston rod 6 is the axis of the reset piston 10, the reset cylinder 11, the ejection piston 5 and the ejection cylinder 4 to prevent the piston from bearing the axial eccentric force .

Therefore, the retracted length of the drive rope 16 on the winch 15 is much greater than the distance the ejection piston 5 moves to the left. The pulling of the carrier cart 18 is retracted by the winding of the transmission rope 16 , so that the short cylinder stroke drives the projectile 19 to have a large projectile stroke.

By adjusting the gear transmission 20, the ratio of the pulling length of the transmission rope 16 to the extension length of the piston rod 6 can be adjusted, thereby controlling the ejection acceleration of the carrier vehicle 18 connected to the transmission rope 16 and moving on the ejection track 17, so as to realize the adjustment of the acceleration, suitable for on different projectiles 19.

Description of the motion relationship between the piston and the projectile 19:

Since the input shaft of the transmission is the power gear 8 shaft, and the output shaft is the capstan shaft 15, let the gear transmission 20 speed ratio (output shaft/input shaft) be π, the center radius of the power gear 8 is r, and the output shaft of the transmission is coaxial. The transmission radius of the winch 15 is R. Since the power of the transmission input shaft and output shaft is equal (P=T*n/9550),

a) Therefore, the ratio of input shaft torque (F _in *r) to output shaft torque (F _out *r) is π;

b) That is, the component force F _in along the axial direction of the meshing force at the end of the power gear 8 (Fin is equal to the pressure on the ejection piston 5 when the resistance of the piston is not considered)/the pulling force F _out of the transmission rope 16 (F out when the resistance of the carrier vehicle 18 is not considered) _out is the acceleration force) is π*R/r;

c) The traction (acceleration) speed of the drive rope 16/the (acceleration) speed of the piston is π*R/r;

d) The corresponding ejection stroke/piston stroke of the projectile 19 is also π*R/r, so that the projectile 19 can be ejected on a longer track under the shorter stroke of the ejection cylinder 4.

Under the condition that the pressure in the ejection cylinder 4 is constant, F _in does not change, so F _out also remains unchanged. The carrier cart 18 can be pulled to eject at a constant acceleration. In addition, by adjusting the speed ratio π of the transmission, the ejection acceleration can be adjusted accordingly. .

It also includes an ejection track 17, the ejection track 17 is arranged obliquely, the carrier vehicle 18 is arranged on the ejection track 17, the ejection body 19 is arranged on the carrier vehicle 18, and the carrier vehicle 18 is pulled by the transmission rope 16 from a low place to a high place. move.

A high-pressure gas ejection method with controlled acceleration:

Step (1), ejection stage: when the ejection starts, open the inflation valve 2 and reset the exhaust valve 12, and the other valves are closed; the high-pressure air tank 1 supplies air to the ejection cylinder 4 to drive the ejection piston 5 to move to the left, and the piston rod 6 extends At the same time of ejecting the cylinder 4, the power gear 8 and the limit gear 9 are driven to rotate by the rack 7 located on the piston rod 6; the carrier cart 18 is pulled by the winding and retracting of the transmission rope 16; by adjusting the gear transmission 20, the transmission can be adjusted. The ratio between the pulling length of the rope 16 and the extension length of the piston rod 6, and then control the ejection acceleration of the carrier vehicle 18 connected to the transmission rope 16 and moving on the ejection track 17, so as to realize the adjustment of the acceleration, which is suitable for different projectiles;

Step (2-1): After the ejection is completed, close the inflation valve 2 and reset the exhaust valve 12, open the intermediate valve 14, use the residual medium and high pressure gas in the ejection cylinder 4, and the medium and high pressure gas flows through the intermediate valve 14 to the reset cylinder 11, When the pressures in the ejection cylinder 4 and the reset cylinder 11 are equalized, the intermediate valve 14 is closed.

Step (2-2), reset stage: after the ejection is completed, close the inflation valve 2 and reset exhaust valve 12, open the reset inflation valve 13 and ejection exhaust valve 3, the gas in the high-pressure gas tank 1 flows to the reset cylinder 11, push The reset piston 10 moves in the reverse direction, under the meshing action of the rack of the piston rod 6, it drives the power gear 8 to rotate in the reverse direction, and then drives the winch 15 to rotate in the reverse direction through the gear transmission 20, releases the transmission rope 16, and the carrier vehicle 18 drives the transmission The rope 16 returns to the ejection starting point; when the ejection piston 5 is reset to the initial position, the reset inflation valve 13 and ejection exhaust valve 3 are closed, and the reset exhaust valve 12 is opened, ready to enter the next ejection cycle.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention. These equivalent transformations All belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a controllable high-pressure gas jettison device of acceleration which characterized in that: the device comprises a high-pressure gas tank (1), an ejection cylinder (4), a reset cylinder (11), a piston rod (6), a reset piston (10), an inflation pipeline (21), an ejection piston (5), an inflation valve (2), a reset exhaust valve (12), a power gear (8), a winch (15), a gear transmission (20), a transmission rope (16) and a carrier vehicle (18);

the high-pressure gas tank (1) is communicated with the ejection cylinder (4) through a gas charging pipeline (21), a gas charging valve (2) is arranged on the gas charging pipeline (21), a reset piston (10) is arranged in a reset cylinder (11), the ejection piston (5) is arranged in the ejection cylinder (4), one end of a piston rod (6) is connected with the reset piston (10), the other end of the piston rod is connected with the ejection piston (5), the ejection cylinder (4) and the reset cylinder (11) share one piston rod (6), and a reset exhaust valve (12) is arranged on the reset cylinder (11);

the gear transmission mechanism is characterized in that a rack (7) is arranged on the piston rod (6), the power gear (8) is meshed with the rack (7) of the piston rod (6), the power gear (8) and the gear transmission (20) are coaxially arranged, the output end of the gear transmission (20) is connected with the winch (15), the transmission rope (16) is wound on the winch (15), and one end of the transmission rope (16) is connected with the carrier vehicle (18).

2. The accelerated velocity controlled high pressure gas ejection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a reset pipeline (23), a reset inflation valve (13) and an ejection exhaust valve (3); the high-pressure gas tank (1) is communicated with the reset cylinder (11) through a reset pipeline (23), the reset inflation valve (13) is arranged on the reset pipeline (23), and the ejection exhaust valve (3) is arranged on the ejection cylinder (4).

3. The acceleration-controllable high-pressure gas ejection device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the ejection mechanism is characterized by further comprising a communicating pipeline (22) and a middle valve (14), wherein the communicating pipeline (22) is used for communicating the reset cylinder (11) with the ejection cylinder (4), and the middle valve (14) is arranged on the communicating pipeline (22).

4. The accelerated velocity controlled high pressure gas ejection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the piston rod is characterized by further comprising a limiting gear (9), racks (7) are arranged on two sides of the piston rod (6), and the limiting gear (9) and the power gear (8) are respectively meshed with the racks (7) on two sides of the piston rod (6).

5. The accelerated velocity controlled high pressure gas ejection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the piston rod (6) is an eccentric rod, and a straight line formed by connecting the middle points of meshing lines of the power gear (8) and the piston rod (6) is superposed with the axes of the reset piston (10), the reset cylinder (11), the ejection piston (5) and the ejection cylinder (4).

6. The accelerated velocity controlled high pressure gas ejection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising an ejection track (17), wherein the ejection track (17) is obliquely arranged, the carrier vehicle (18) is arranged on the ejection track (17), and the carrier vehicle (18) moves from a low position to a high position under the traction of the transmission rope (16).

7. An acceleration-controllable high-pressure gas ejection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that:

step (1) and ejection stage: when the ejection is started, the inflation valve (2) and the reset exhaust valve (12) are opened, and the other valves are closed; the high-pressure gas tank (1) supplies gas to the ejection cylinder (4) to drive the ejection piston (5) to move leftwards, and the piston rod (6) extends out of the ejection cylinder (4) and simultaneously drives the power gear (8) and the limiting gear (9) to rotate through the rack (7) positioned on the piston rod (6); the carrier vehicle (18) is pulled by winding and retracting the transmission rope (16); the ratio of the pulling length of the transmission rope (16) to the extending length of the piston rod (6) can be adjusted by adjusting the gear transmission (20), so that the ejection acceleration of a carrier vehicle (18) which is connected with the transmission rope (16) and moves on the ejection track (17) is controlled, the adjustment of the acceleration is realized, and the device is suitable for different ejectors;

step (2-2), resetting: after the ejection is finished, the inflation valve (2) and the reset exhaust valve (12) are closed, the reset inflation valve (13) and the ejection exhaust valve (3) are opened, the gas in the high-pressure gas tank (1) flows to the reset cylinder (11), the reset piston (10) is pushed to move in the reverse direction, the power gear (8) is driven to rotate in the reverse direction under the meshing action of the rack of the piston rod (6), the winch (15) is driven to rotate in the reverse direction through the gear speed changer (20), the transmission rope (16) is released, and the carrier vehicle (18) drags the transmission rope (16) to return to the ejection starting point; when the ejection piston (5) is reset to the initial position, the reset inflation valve (13) and the ejection exhaust valve (3) are closed, and the reset exhaust valve (12) is opened to prepare for entering the next ejection cycle.

8. The acceleration-controllable high-pressure gas ejection method according to claim 7, wherein: a step (2-1) is also included between the step (1) and the step (2-2);

step (2-1): and closing the inflation valve (2) and the reset exhaust valve (12), opening the intermediate valve (14), utilizing residual medium-high pressure gas in the ejection cylinder (4), leading the medium-high pressure gas to flow to the reset cylinder (11) through the intermediate valve (14), and closing the intermediate valve (14) when the pressures in the ejection cylinder (4) and the reset cylinder (11) are balanced.

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