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CN115207963A - Low-voltage transformer area energy storage coordination control method and system applied to power failure event - Google Patents

Low-voltage transformer area energy storage coordination control method and system applied to power failure event Download PDF

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CN115207963A
CN115207963A CN202210593555.6A CN202210593555A CN115207963A CN 115207963 A CN115207963 A CN 115207963A CN 202210593555 A CN202210593555 A CN 202210593555A CN 115207963 A CN115207963 A CN 115207963A
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energy storage
active power
storage unit
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power
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CN115207963B (en
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王武林
孙朝霞
王亮
李毅
张晓煜
曹威
邓海伟
黎姣
向益锋
刘继兵
张�荣
余晨雨
吉雅雯
童广胜
徐世杰
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Suizhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
    • H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法及系统，该方法包括：对低压台区的功率传输特性进行数学建模，形成配电线路电阻主导特性环境下的电压、频率耦合问题；建立适用于低压台区网络特性的电压、频率自治稳定控制方法；提出均衡调节系数，构建虚拟均衡有功功率；基于一致性算法构建一致性平均估计器，估计荷电状态以及虚拟均衡有功功率的平均值；构建虚拟均衡有功功率二次控制环调节分布式储能单元输出有功功率，实现各分布式储能单元荷电状态的快速均衡以及有功功率的均分。本发明分布式储能单元通过协调配合，动态调节各自有功功率输出，实现在初始SoC不一致的前提下的SoC动态均衡，并最后保证了负荷的均分效果。

Figure 202210593555

The invention provides a method and system for coordinated control of energy storage in a low-voltage station area applied to a power outage event. The method includes: mathematically modeling the power transmission characteristics of a low-voltage station area to form a voltage under the environment of distribution line resistance-dominant characteristics. , frequency coupling problem; establish a voltage and frequency autonomous stability control method suitable for low-voltage station network characteristics; propose an equalization adjustment coefficient to construct a virtual equalized active power; build a consistent average estimator based on a consensus algorithm to estimate the state of charge and virtual Balance the average value of active power; construct a virtual balanced active power secondary control loop to adjust the output active power of the distributed energy storage units, and realize the rapid balance of the state of charge of each distributed energy storage unit and the equal share of the active power. The distributed energy storage unit of the present invention dynamically adjusts the respective active power outputs through coordination and cooperation, realizes the dynamic balance of the SoC under the premise that the initial SoC is inconsistent, and finally ensures the load sharing effect.

Figure 202210593555

Description

应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法及系统Coordinated control method and system of energy storage in low-voltage station area applied to power outage events

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及配电网低压台区紧急供电与能量管理技术领域，尤其涉及一种应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法及系统。The invention relates to the technical field of emergency power supply and energy management in low-voltage station areas of distribution networks, in particular to a method and system for coordinated control of energy storage in low-voltage station areas applied to power outage events.

背景技术Background technique

线路故障、用户内部故障引起跳闸、变压器过载引起跳闸等多方面因素使得配电压低压台区停电事件频发，严重了影响了供电可靠性。分布式储能单元具有可观的能量存储能力，且随着制造成本进一步得到控制而越来越多地出现在公众的视野中。分布式储能单元容量一般在数十kWh至数百kWh不等，在配电网低压台区中布置数台分布式储能单元可在台区突发停电事件时及时地提供紧急供电，保障用户特别是重要用户的用电安全性。低压台区停电事件下，台区处于孤网运行状态，其能量供应可由储能单元进行短时供应，从而平稳过渡到正常供电恢复。然而，如何实现对多台分布式储能单元的协调控制并实现荷电状态的均衡控制仍需有效的解决方案。Line faults, trips caused by internal faults of users, trips caused by transformer overloads and other factors make frequent power outages in the low-voltage station area of distribution voltage, which seriously affects the reliability of power supply. Distributed energy storage units have considerable energy storage capacity and are increasingly in the public eye as manufacturing costs are further controlled. The capacity of distributed energy storage units generally ranges from tens of kWh to hundreds of kWh. Arranging several distributed energy storage units in the low-voltage station area of the distribution network can provide emergency power supply in a timely manner in the event of a sudden power outage in the station area, guaranteeing Electricity safety for users, especially important users. In the event of a power outage in the low-voltage station area, the station area is in an isolated grid operation state, and its energy supply can be supplied by the energy storage unit for a short time, thereby smoothly transitioning to normal power supply recovery. However, how to realize the coordinated control of multiple distributed energy storage units and realize the balanced control of the state of charge still needs an effective solution.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

有鉴于此，为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，本发明提出一种应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法及系统，实现各分布式储能单元荷电状态的快速均衡以及有功功率的均分。In view of this, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a coordinated control method and system for low-voltage station area energy storage applied to a power outage event, so as to achieve rapid balance of the state of charge of each distributed energy storage unit and Average share of active power.

本发明通过以下技术手段解决上述问题：The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems through the following technical means:

一方面，本发明提供一种应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法，包括以下步骤：In one aspect, the present invention provides a coordinated control method for energy storage in a low-voltage station area applied to a power outage event, comprising the following steps:

步骤S1、基于端口电压相量以及线路阻抗，建立传输功率数学表达式，得出低压台区功率耦合特性；Step S1, based on the port voltage phasor and the line impedance, establish a mathematical expression of the transmission power, and obtain the power coupling characteristic of the low-voltage station area;

步骤S2、基于低压台区功率耦合特性，建立分布式储能单元改进下垂控制率的数学表达式；Step S2, establishing a mathematical expression for improving the droop control rate of the distributed energy storage unit based on the power coupling characteristics of the low-voltage station area;

步骤S3、基于分布式储能单元荷电状态与全局的荷电状态平均值，提出均衡调节系数，建立虚拟均衡有功功率；Step S3, based on the state of charge of the distributed energy storage unit and the global average value of the state of charge, propose an equalization adjustment coefficient, and establish a virtual equalized active power;

步骤S4、利用一致性算法构建一致性平均估计器，估计虚拟均衡有功功率以及荷电状态的平均值；Step S4, using a consensus algorithm to construct a consistent average estimator to estimate the average value of the virtual balanced active power and the state of charge;

步骤S5、建立虚拟均衡有功功率二次控制环，输出修正下垂控制环的电压幅值补偿量。Step S5 , establishing a virtual balanced active power secondary control loop, and outputting a voltage amplitude compensation amount for correcting the droop control loop.

作为上述技术方案的补充，步骤S1中所述传输功率数学表达式如下：As a supplement to the above technical solution, the mathematical expression of the transmission power described in step S1 is as follows:

Figure BDA0003666691320000021
Figure BDA0003666691320000021

Figure BDA0003666691320000022
Figure BDA0003666691320000022

上式中，Es、Ec分别为储能单元输出电压幅值、并网点电压幅值，θs与θc为储能单元输出电压相位及并网点电压相位，Zline为线路阻抗，P、Q分别为线路传输有功功率与无功功率，Re、Im表示实部与虚部。In the above formula, E s and E c are the output voltage amplitude of the energy storage unit and the voltage amplitude of the grid connection point, respectively, θ s and θ c are the output voltage phase of the energy storage unit and the voltage phase of the grid connection point, Z line is the line impedance, P , Q are the active power and reactive power of line transmission, respectively, Re, Im represent the real part and the imaginary part.

作为上述技术方案的补充，步骤S2中所述分布式储能单元改进下垂控制率的数学表达式如下：As a supplement to the above technical solution, the mathematical expression of the improved droop control rate of the distributed energy storage unit in step S2 is as follows:

Vrefi＝Vnom-kpi(Pbi-P0)V refi =V nom -k pi (P bi -P 0 )

frefi＝fnom-kqi(Qbi-Q0)f refi =f nom -k qi (Q bi -Q 0 )

上式中，Vrefi、kpi、Pbi、frefi、kqi、Qbi分别为第i台分布式储能单元的参考电压幅值、有功下垂系数、输出有功功率、参考频率、无功下垂系数、输出无功功率，Vnom、P0、fnom、Q0分别为额定电压幅值、额定有功功率、额定频率以及额定无功功率。In the above formula, V refi , k pi , P bi , f refi , k qi , and Q bi are the reference voltage amplitude, active droop coefficient, output active power, reference frequency, and reactive power of the i-th distributed energy storage unit, respectively. Droop coefficient, output reactive power, V nom , P 0 , f nom , and Q 0 are rated voltage amplitude, rated active power, rated frequency, and rated reactive power, respectively.

作为上述技术方案的补充，步骤S3中所述均衡调节系数表示如下：As a supplement to the above technical solution, the equalization adjustment coefficient described in step S3 is expressed as follows:

Figure BDA0003666691320000031
Figure BDA0003666691320000031

上式中，SoCi为第i台分布式储能单元的荷电状态，

Figure BDA0003666691320000032
为所有分布式储能单元荷电状态的平均值，kmin与kmax为均衡调节系数的下限值与上限值，e为自然数，αi为均衡调节系数。In the above formula, SoC i is the state of charge of the i-th distributed energy storage unit,
Figure BDA0003666691320000032
is the average value of the state of charge of all distributed energy storage units, kmin and kmax are the lower limit and upper limit of the balance adjustment coefficient, e is a natural number, and α i is the balance adjustment coefficient.

作为上述技术方案的补充，步骤S3中所述虚拟均衡有功功率的计算方法如下：As a supplement to the above technical solution, the method for calculating the virtual equalized active power in step S3 is as follows:

Peqi＝aiPbi P eqi = a i P bi

上式中，Peqi为第i台储能单元的虚拟均衡有功功率，Pbi为第i台储能单元实际输出有功功率。In the above formula, Peqi is the virtual equilibrium active power of the ith energy storage unit, and Pbi is the actual output active power of the ith energy storage unit.

作为上述技术方案的补充，步骤S4中所述基于一致性算法构建一致性平均估计器的过程如下：As a supplement to the above technical solution, the process of constructing a consistent average estimator based on the consistency algorithm described in step S4 is as follows:

Figure BDA0003666691320000033
Figure BDA0003666691320000033

上式中，

Figure BDA0003666691320000034
为第i台分布式储能单元某一状态量一致性平均估计值，
Figure BDA0003666691320000035
为第j台分布式储能单元某一状态量的一致性平均估计值，Xi为状态量的实际值，Ni表示与第i台分布式储能单元相邻的储能单元集合。In the above formula,
Figure BDA0003666691320000034
is the average estimated value of the consistency of a certain state quantity of the i-th distributed energy storage unit,
Figure BDA0003666691320000035
is the consistent average estimated value of a certain state quantity of the jth distributed energy storage unit, X i is the actual value of the state quantity, and N i represents the set of energy storage units adjacent to the ith distributed energy storage unit.

作为上述技术方案的补充，当状态量Xi分别为SoCi与Peqi时，分别构建出荷电状态与虚拟均衡有功功率的一致性估计器。As a supplement to the above technical solution, when the state quantities X i are SoC i and Peqi respectively, a consistency estimator for the state of charge and the virtual equalized active power is constructed respectively.

作为上述技术方案的补充，荷电状态的一致性平均估计值按照如下公式求取：As a supplement to the above technical solution, the consistent average estimate of the state of charge is calculated according to the following formula:

Figure BDA0003666691320000036
Figure BDA0003666691320000036

上式中，

Figure BDA0003666691320000037
为第i台分布式储能单元荷电状态的一致性平均估计值，
Figure BDA0003666691320000041
为第j台分布式储能单元荷电状态的一致性平均估计值，SoCi为第i台分布式储能单元荷电状态实际值，βSoC为一致性控制增益；In the above formula,
Figure BDA0003666691320000037
is the consistent average estimate of the state of charge of the i-th distributed energy storage unit,
Figure BDA0003666691320000041
is the consistent average estimated value of the state of charge of the jth distributed energy storage unit, SoC i is the actual value of the state of charge of the ith distributed energy storage unit, and β SoC is the consistency control gain;

虚拟均衡有功功率的平均估计值按照如下公式求取：The average estimated value of the virtual equalized active power is obtained according to the following formula:

Figure BDA0003666691320000042
Figure BDA0003666691320000042

上式中，

Figure BDA0003666691320000043
为虚拟均衡有功功率的一致性平均估计值，
Figure BDA0003666691320000044
为第j台分布式储能单元的虚拟均衡有功功率的一致性平均估计值，Peqi为第i台分布式储能单元的虚拟均衡有功功率，βP为一致性控制增益。In the above formula,
Figure BDA0003666691320000043
is the consistent average estimate of the virtual equalized active power,
Figure BDA0003666691320000044
is the consistent average estimate of the virtual equilibrium active power of the jth distributed energy storage unit, P eqi is the virtual equilibrium active power of the ith distributed energy storage unit, and β P is the consistency control gain.

作为上述技术方案的补充，步骤S5中所述虚拟均衡有功功率二次控制环包括：虚拟均衡有功功率与虚拟均衡有功功率一致性平均估计值作差，经过PI控制器输出电压均衡补偿量，最终作用于下垂控制环的输入中。As a supplement to the above technical solution, the virtual equalization active power secondary control loop in step S5 includes: a difference between the virtual equalization active power and the virtual equalization active power consistency average estimated value, and the PI controller outputs the voltage equalization compensation amount, and finally Applies to the input of the droop control loop.

另一方面，本发明提供一种应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制系统，包括：On the other hand, the present invention provides a coordinated control system for energy storage in a low-voltage station area applied to a power outage event, including:

传输功率数学模型建立模块，用于基于端口电压相量以及线路阻抗，建立传输功率数学表达式，得出低压台区功率耦合特性；The transmission power mathematical model establishment module is used to establish the mathematical expression of the transmission power based on the port voltage phasor and the line impedance, and obtain the power coupling characteristics of the low-voltage station area;

改进下垂控制率建立模块，用于基于低压台区功率耦合特性，建立分布式储能单元改进下垂控制率的数学表达式；The improved droop control rate establishment module is used to establish the mathematical expression of the improved droop control rate of the distributed energy storage unit based on the power coupling characteristics of the low-voltage station area;

虚拟均衡有功功率建立模块，用于基于分布式储能单元荷电状态与全局的荷电状态平均值，提出均衡调节系数，建立虚拟均衡有功功率；The virtual balance active power establishment module is used to propose the balance adjustment coefficient based on the state of charge of the distributed energy storage unit and the global average value of the state of charge, and establish the virtual balance active power;

一致性平均估计器构建模块，用于利用一致性算法构建一致性平均估计器，估计虚拟均衡有功功率以及荷电状态的平均值；The consistent average estimator building module is used to construct a consistent average estimator by using the consistency algorithm to estimate the average value of the virtual equilibrium active power and the state of charge;

电压幅值补偿量输出模块，用于建立虚拟均衡有功功率二次控制环，输出修正下垂控制环的电压幅值补偿量。The voltage amplitude compensation output module is used to establish a virtual balanced active power secondary control loop, and output the voltage amplitude compensation of the corrected droop control loop.

与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果至少包括：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention at least include:

本发明对低压台区的功率传输特性进行数学建模，形成配电线路电阻主导特性环境下的电压、频率耦合问题；建立适用于低压台区网络特性的电压、频率自治稳定控制方法；提出均衡调节系数，构建虚拟均衡有功功率；基于一致性算法构建一致性平均估计器，估计荷电状态以及虚拟均衡有功功率的平均值；构建虚拟均衡有功功率二次控制环调节分布式储能单元输出有功功率，实现各分布式储能单元荷电状态的快速均衡以及有功功率的均分。本发明分布式储能单元通过协调配合，动态调节各自有功功率输出，实现在初始SoC不一致的前提下的SoC动态均衡，并最后保证了负荷的均分效果。The invention mathematically models the power transmission characteristics of the low-voltage station area to form a voltage and frequency coupling problem in the environment of the distribution line resistance-dominant characteristics; establishes a voltage and frequency autonomous stability control method suitable for the network characteristics of the low-voltage station area; Adjust the coefficient to construct a virtual balanced active power; build a consistent average estimator based on a consensus algorithm to estimate the state of charge and the average value of the virtual balanced active power; build a virtual balanced active power secondary control loop to adjust the output active power of the distributed energy storage unit power, to achieve the rapid balance of the state of charge of each distributed energy storage unit and the equal share of active power. The distributed energy storage unit of the present invention dynamically adjusts the respective active power outputs through coordination and cooperation, realizes the dynamic balance of the SoC under the premise that the initial SoC is inconsistent, and finally ensures the load sharing effect.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

图1为根据本发明实施例提供的应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法的流程图；FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for coordinated control of energy storage in low-voltage station area under a power outage event provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为根据本发明实施例提供的应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法的控制策略图；2 is a control strategy diagram of a coordinated control method for energy storage in a low-voltage station area applied to a power outage event provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为配电网低压台区结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low-voltage station area of the distribution network;

图4为根据本发明实施例提供的应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法下的SoC响应；FIG. 4 is a SoC response under the coordinated control method for energy storage in low-voltage station area applied to a power outage event provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图5为根据本发明实施例提供的应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法下的输出有功功率响应；5 is an output active power response under the coordinated control method for energy storage in a low-voltage station area applied to a power outage event provided according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图6为根据本发明实施例提供的应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制系统的结构图。FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a coordinated control system for energy storage in a low-voltage station area applied to a power outage event according to an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

具体地，本发明实施例公开了一种应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法，如图1所示，所述方法包括以下步骤：Specifically, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for coordinated control of energy storage in a low-voltage station area applied to a power outage event. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method includes the following steps:

步骤S1、基于端口电压相量以及线路阻抗，建立传输功率数学表达式，得出低压台区功率耦合特性；Step S1, based on the port voltage phasor and the line impedance, establish a mathematical expression of the transmission power, and obtain the power coupling characteristic of the low-voltage station area;

所述传输功率数学表达式为：The mathematical expression of the transmission power is:

Figure BDA0003666691320000061
Figure BDA0003666691320000061

Figure BDA0003666691320000062
Figure BDA0003666691320000062

上式中，Es、Ec分别为储能单元输出电压幅值、并网点电压幅值，θs与θc为储能单元输出电压相位及并网点电压相位，Zline为线路阻抗，P、Q分别为线路传输有功功率与无功功率，Re、Im表示实部与虚部。In the above formula, E s and E c are the output voltage amplitude of the energy storage unit and the voltage amplitude of the grid connection point, respectively, θ s and θ c are the output voltage phase of the energy storage unit and the voltage phase of the grid connection point, Z line is the line impedance, P , Q are the active power and reactive power of line transmission, respectively, Re, Im represent the real part and the imaginary part.

步骤S2、基于S1中的低压台区功率耦合特性，建立分布式储能单元改进下垂控制率的数学表达式；Step S2, establishing a mathematical expression for improving the droop control rate of the distributed energy storage unit based on the power coupling characteristics of the low-voltage station area in S1;

通过分析步骤S1中地功率传输数学模型以及电信号之间的耦合关系，构建如下控制率：By analyzing the coupling relationship between the mathematical model of power transmission and the electrical signals in step S1, the following control rates are constructed:

Vrefi＝Vnom-kpi(Pbi-P0)V refi =V nom -k pi (P bi -P 0 )

frefi＝fnom-kqi(Qbi-Q0)f refi =f nom -k qi (Q bi -Q 0 )

上式中，Vrefi、kpi、Pbi、frefi、kqi、Qbi分别为第i台分布式储能单元的参考电压幅值、有功下垂系数、输出有功功率、参考频率、无功下垂系数、输出无功功率，Vnom、P0、fnom、Q0分别为额定电压幅值、额定有功功率、额定频率以及额定无功功率。In the above formula, V refi , k pi , P bi , f refi , k qi , and Q bi are the reference voltage amplitude, active droop coefficient, output active power, reference frequency, and reactive power of the i-th distributed energy storage unit, respectively. Droop coefficient, output reactive power, V nom , P 0 , f nom , and Q 0 are rated voltage amplitude, rated active power, rated frequency, and rated reactive power, respectively.

步骤S3、基于分布式储能单元荷电状态与全局的荷电状态平均值，提出均衡调节系数，建立虚拟均衡有功功率；Step S3, based on the state of charge of the distributed energy storage unit and the global average value of the state of charge, propose an equalization adjustment coefficient, and establish a virtual equalized active power;

均衡调节系数根据本地荷电状态以及全局荷电状态平均值求取，计算过程如下：The equalization adjustment coefficient is calculated according to the local state of charge and the average value of the global state of charge. The calculation process is as follows:

Figure BDA0003666691320000071
Figure BDA0003666691320000071

上式中，SoCi为第i台分布式储能单元的荷电状态，

Figure BDA0003666691320000072
为所有分布式储能单元荷电状态的平均值，kmin与kmax为均衡调节系数的下限值与上限值，e为自然数，αi为均衡调节系数。In the above formula, SoC i is the state of charge of the i-th distributed energy storage unit,
Figure BDA0003666691320000072
is the average value of the state of charge of all distributed energy storage units, kmin and kmax are the lower limit and upper limit of the equilibrium adjustment coefficient, e is a natural number, and α i is the equilibrium adjustment coefficient.

根据均衡调节系数，可进一步构建虚拟均衡有功功率，计算方法如下：According to the equalization adjustment coefficient, the virtual equalized active power can be further constructed, and the calculation method is as follows:

Peqi＝aiPbi P eqi = a i P bi

上式中，Peqi为第i台储能单元的虚拟均衡有功功率，Pbi为第i台储能单元实际输出有功功率。In the above formula, Peqi is the virtual equilibrium active power of the ith energy storage unit, and Pbi is the actual output active power of the ith energy storage unit.

步骤S4、利用一致性算法构建一致性平均估计器，估计虚拟均衡有功功率以及荷电状态的平均值；Step S4, using a consensus algorithm to construct a consistent average estimator to estimate the average value of the virtual balanced active power and the state of charge;

所述基于一致性算法构建一致性平均估计器的过程如下：The process of constructing a consistent average estimator based on the consensus algorithm is as follows:

Figure BDA0003666691320000073
Figure BDA0003666691320000073

上式中，

Figure BDA0003666691320000074
为第i台分布式储能单元某一状态量一致性平均估计值，
Figure BDA0003666691320000075
为第j台分布式储能单元某一状态量的一致性平均估计值，Xi为状态量的实际值，Ni表示与第i台分布式储能单元相邻的储能单元集合。In the above formula,
Figure BDA0003666691320000074
is the average estimated value of the consistency of a certain state quantity of the i-th distributed energy storage unit,
Figure BDA0003666691320000075
is the consistent average estimated value of a certain state quantity of the jth distributed energy storage unit, X i is the actual value of the state quantity, and N i represents the set of energy storage units adjacent to the ith distributed energy storage unit.

当状态量Xi分别为SoCi与Peqi时，分别构建出荷电状态与虚拟均衡有功功率的一致性估计器。When the state quantities X i are SoC i and Peqi , respectively, a consistent estimator for the state of charge and virtual equilibrium active power is constructed.

荷电状态的一致性平均估计值按照如下公式求取：The consistent average estimate of the state of charge is obtained according to the following formula:

Figure BDA0003666691320000081
Figure BDA0003666691320000081

上式中，

Figure BDA0003666691320000082
为第i台分布式储能单元荷电状态的一致性平均估计值，
Figure BDA0003666691320000083
为第j台分布式储能单元荷电状态的一致性平均估计值，SoCi为第i台分布式储能单元荷电状态实际值，βSoC为一致性控制增益。In the above formula,
Figure BDA0003666691320000082
is the consistent average estimate of the state of charge of the i-th distributed energy storage unit,
Figure BDA0003666691320000083
is the consistent average estimated value of the state of charge of the jth distributed energy storage unit, SoC i is the actual value of the state of charge of the ith distributed energy storage unit, and β SoC is the consistency control gain.

虚拟均衡有功功率的平均估计值按照如下公式求取：The average estimated value of the virtual equalized active power is obtained according to the following formula:

Figure BDA0003666691320000084
Figure BDA0003666691320000084

上式中，

Figure BDA0003666691320000085
为虚拟均衡有功功率的一致性平均估计值，
Figure BDA0003666691320000086
为第j台分布式储能单元的虚拟均衡有功功率的一致性平均估计值，Peqi为第i台分布式储能单元的虚拟均衡有功功率，βP为一致性控制增益。In the above formula,
Figure BDA0003666691320000085
is the consistent average estimate of the virtual equalized active power,
Figure BDA0003666691320000086
is the consistent average estimated value of the virtual equilibrium active power of the jth distributed energy storage unit, P eqi is the virtual equilibrium active power of the ith distributed energy storage unit, and β P is the consistency control gain.

步骤S5、建立虚拟均衡有功功率二次控制环，输出修正下垂控制环的电压幅值补偿量。Step S5 , establishing a virtual balanced active power secondary control loop, and outputting a voltage amplitude compensation amount for correcting the droop control loop.

将第i台分布式储能单元估计的虚拟均衡有功平均值与虚拟均衡有功做差，经过PI控制器后得到电压幅值补偿量，如图2所示，该补偿量与改正下垂控制环输入Vni进行累加，作为新的下垂控制环输入参考。The difference between the virtual equilibrium active power estimated by the i-th distributed energy storage unit and the virtual equilibrium active power is obtained, and the voltage amplitude compensation amount is obtained after passing through the PI controller. V ni is accumulated and used as the input reference for the new droop control loop.

图3为本发明提供的一种应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法具体应用的低压台区结构示意图。该台区包含4台储能，且每台储能都为本地负荷供电。FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage station area where a coordinated control method for energy storage in a low-voltage station area under a power outage event provided by the present invention is specifically applied. The station area contains 4 energy storage units, and each energy storage unit supplies power to local loads.

图4为台区处于离网运行条件下实施本发明提供的应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法后各分布式储能单元SoC响应波形。图5为实施本发明提供的应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制方法后各分布式储能单元输出有功功率响应波形。结合两图可知，分布式储能单元通过协调配合，动态调节各自有功功率输出，实现在初始SoC不一致的前提下的SoC动态均衡，并最后保证了负荷的均分效果。4 is a response waveform of each distributed energy storage unit SoC after implementing the coordinated control method for energy storage in a low-voltage station area under a power outage event provided that the station area is in an off-grid operation condition. FIG. 5 is a response waveform of active power output by each distributed energy storage unit after implementing the coordinated control method for energy storage in low-voltage station area under a power outage event provided by the present invention. Combining the two figures, it can be seen that the distributed energy storage units dynamically adjust their respective active power outputs through coordination and cooperation, realize the dynamic balance of the SoC under the premise of inconsistent initial SoCs, and finally ensure the load sharing effect.

实施例2Example 2

如图6所示，本发明提供一种应用于停电事件下的低压台区储能协调控制系统，包括传输功率数学模型建立模块、改进下垂控制率建立模块、虚拟均衡有功功率建立模块、一致性平均估计器构建模块和电压幅值补偿量输出模块；As shown in FIG. 6 , the present invention provides a coordinated control system for low-voltage station area energy storage applied to a power outage event, including a transmission power mathematical model establishment module, an improved droop control rate establishment module, a virtual equalization active power establishment module, and a consistency module. Average estimator building block and voltage amplitude compensation output block;

所述传输功率数学模型建立模块用于基于端口电压相量以及线路阻抗，建立传输功率数学表达式，得出低压台区功率耦合特性；The transmission power mathematical model establishment module is used to establish the transmission power mathematical expression based on the port voltage phasor and the line impedance, and obtain the power coupling characteristics of the low-voltage station area;

所述改进下垂控制率建立模块用于基于低压台区功率耦合特性，建立分布式储能单元改进下垂控制率的数学表达式；The improved droop control rate establishment module is used to establish a mathematical expression of the improved droop control rate of the distributed energy storage unit based on the power coupling characteristics of the low-voltage station area;

所述虚拟均衡有功功率建立模块用于基于分布式储能单元荷电状态与全局的荷电状态平均值，提出均衡调节系数，建立虚拟均衡有功功率；The virtual balanced active power establishment module is used to propose a balanced adjustment coefficient based on the state of charge of the distributed energy storage unit and the global average value of the state of charge, and to establish a virtual balanced active power;

所述一致性平均估计器构建模块用于利用一致性算法构建一致性平均估计器，估计虚拟均衡有功功率以及荷电状态的平均值；The consistent average estimator building module is used to construct a consistent average estimator by using a consistency algorithm to estimate the average value of the virtual equilibrium active power and the state of charge;

所述电压幅值补偿量输出模块用于建立虚拟均衡有功功率二次控制环，输出修正下垂控制环的电压幅值补偿量。The voltage amplitude compensation output module is used for establishing a virtual balanced active power secondary control loop, and outputting the voltage amplitude compensation for correcting the droop control loop.

本实施例中的其他特征与实施例1相同，故在此不再赘述。Other features in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, so they are not repeated here.

本发明的各实施方式可以任意进行组合，以实现不同的技术效果。The various embodiments of the present invention can be arbitrarily combined to achieve different technical effects.

最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still be The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A low-voltage transformer area energy storage coordination control method applied to a power failure event is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a transmission power mathematical expression based on port voltage phasor and line impedance to obtain a low-voltage transformer area power coupling characteristic;
s2, establishing a mathematical expression of the improved droop control rate of the distributed energy storage units based on the power coupling characteristic of the low-voltage transformer area;
s3, based on the charge state of the distributed energy storage units and the overall charge state average value, providing a balance adjustment coefficient and establishing virtual balance active power;
s4, constructing a consistency average estimator by utilizing a consistency algorithm, and estimating the average values of the virtual equilibrium active power and the state of charge;
and S5, establishing a virtual balanced active power secondary control loop, and outputting the voltage amplitude compensation quantity of the corrected droop control loop.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mathematical expression of the transmission power in step S1 is as follows:
Figure FDA0003666691310000011
Figure FDA0003666691310000012
in the above formula, E s 、E c Respectively outputting a voltage amplitude and a grid-connected point voltage amplitude theta for the energy storage unit s And theta c For the output voltage phase of the energy storage unit and the voltage phase of the grid-connected point, Z line For line impedance, P and Q respectively represent the active power and reactive power transmitted by the line, and Re and Im represent the real part and the imaginary part.
3. The method for energy storage coordination control in low-voltage transformer area under power failure event according to claim 1, wherein the mathematical expression of the improved droop control rate of the distributed energy storage units in step S2 is as follows:
V refi ＝V nom -k pi (P bi -P 0 )
f refi ＝f nom -k qi (Q bi -Q 0 )
in the above formula, V refi 、k pi 、P bi 、f refi 、k qi 、Q bi Respectively the reference voltage amplitude, the active droop coefficient, the output active power, the reference frequency, the reactive droop coefficient and the output reactive power of the ith distributed energy storage unit nom 、P 0 、f nom 、Q 0 Respectively a rated voltage amplitude, a rated active power, a rated frequency and a rated reactive power.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the equalization adjustment coefficients in step S3 are expressed as follows:
Figure FDA0003666691310000021
in the above formula, soC i Is the charge state of the ith distributed energy storage unit,
Figure FDA0003666691310000022
is the average value of the state of charge, k, of all distributed energy storage units min And k is max E is a natural number alpha i The coefficients are adjusted for equalization.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the method for calculating the virtual equilibrium active power in step S3 is as follows:
P eqi ＝a i P bi
in the above formula, P eqi Virtual balanced active power, P, for the ith energy storage unit bi And outputting active power for the ith energy storage unit actually.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S4 of constructing the consistency average estimator based on the consistency algorithm comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003666691310000023
in the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure FDA0003666691310000024
the consistency average estimated value of a certain state quantity of the ith distributed energy storage unit is obtained,
Figure FDA0003666691310000025
is a consistent average estimated value, X, of a certain state quantity of the jth distributed energy storage unit i Is the actual value of the state quantity, N i And indicating the energy storage unit set adjacent to the ith distributed energy storage unit.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the state quantity X is a state quantity i Are respectively SoC i And P eqi And respectively constructing a consistency estimator of the state of charge and the virtual balanced active power.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the average estimate of state-of-charge consistency is determined as follows:
Figure FDA0003666691310000031
in the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure FDA0003666691310000032
the average estimated value of the consistency of the charge states of the ith distributed energy storage unit,
Figure FDA0003666691310000033
is a consistent average estimated value of the charge state of the jth distributed energy storage unit, namely SoC i Is the actual value of the state of charge, beta, of the ith distributed energy storage unit SoC Controlling the gain for consistency;
the average estimated value of the virtual equilibrium active power is obtained according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003666691310000034
in the above-mentioned formula, the compound has the following structure,
Figure FDA0003666691310000035
for a consistent average estimate of virtual equilibrium active power,
Figure FDA0003666691310000036
is the consistent average estimated value, P, of the virtual equilibrium active power of the jth distributed energy storage unit eqi For virtually equalizing active power, beta, of the ith distributed energy storage unit P The gain is controlled for consistency.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the virtual balanced active power secondary control loop in step S5 includes: and (4) making a difference between the virtual equilibrium active power and the virtual equilibrium active power consistency average estimated value, outputting a voltage equilibrium compensation quantity through the PI controller, and finally acting on the input of the droop control loop.
10. The utility model provides a low pressure platform district energy storage coordinated control system for under power failure incident which characterized in that includes:
the transmission power mathematical model establishing module is used for establishing a transmission power mathematical expression based on the port voltage phasor and the line impedance to obtain the power coupling characteristic of the low-voltage transformer area;
the improved droop control rate establishing module is used for establishing a mathematical expression of the improved droop control rate of the distributed energy storage unit based on the power coupling characteristic of the low-voltage distribution area;
the virtual equilibrium active power establishing module is used for providing an equilibrium adjustment coefficient and establishing virtual equilibrium active power based on the charge state of the distributed energy storage units and the overall charge state average value;
the consistency average estimator building module is used for building a consistency average estimator by utilizing a consistency algorithm and estimating the average values of the virtual equilibrium active power and the state of charge;
and the voltage amplitude compensation output module is used for establishing a virtual balanced active power secondary control loop and outputting the voltage amplitude compensation for correcting the droop control loop.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108092306A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-29 上海电力学院 A kind of low pressure micro-grid energy storage system droop control method for considering to mismatch line resistance
CN112713605A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-27 太原科技大学 SOC (State of Charge) balancing method for non-equal-capacity battery energy storage unit of alternating-current micro-grid
WO2022077847A1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2022-04-21 西安热工研究院有限公司 Virtual synchronous machine control method for hybrid microgrid mmc interconnected converter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108092306A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-05-29 上海电力学院 A kind of low pressure micro-grid energy storage system droop control method for considering to mismatch line resistance
WO2022077847A1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2022-04-21 西安热工研究院有限公司 Virtual synchronous machine control method for hybrid microgrid mmc interconnected converter
CN112713605A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-27 太原科技大学 SOC (State of Charge) balancing method for non-equal-capacity battery energy storage unit of alternating-current micro-grid

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