CN115200976A - An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion and wear test device which comprises a gas flow control module, a sand production module, a liquid supply module, an erosion test module and a data acquisition module, wherein the gas flow control module is connected with the sand production module; the airflow control module provides a stable and controllable gas phase for a test; the sand production module provides a solid phase with high dispersibility and uniformity for the test; the liquid supply module provides a liquid phase for the test; the erosion test module and the data acquisition module are used for reducing and realizing two working conditions of elbow erosion and jet erosion and extracting experimental result data. The invention adopts a mode of combining jet flow and pipe flow, can be used for simulating erosion and wear under pipe flow and jet flow working conditions, meets the current multi-medium coupling erosion research requirements of a laboratory in the aspects of pipe flow and jet flow erosion and wear, realizes solid-liquid separation through the throttleer and the elastic sand bag, improves the dispersibility and uniformity of sand materials, and provides a material object verification approach and a scientific theoretical basis for multiphase flow erosion characteristics and wear evolution rules.

Description

An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline erosion, in particular to an adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion and wear test device.

Background technique

Erosion refers to the phenomenon of metal wear caused by high-speed relative motion between the metal surface and the fluid medium, and is an important cause of pipeline damage and equipment failure. In long-distance pipelines, erosion damage mainly occurs in elbows, tees and other pipe fittings, especially at the upstream wall surface, which is prone to wear failure, which not only reduces the thickness of the pipe wall, reduces the service life, but also causes drilling cracks, The reduction of pressure bearing capacity leads to vicious accidents such as oil and gas resource leakage. In addition, when abrasive jets are used for rock-breaking and slot drilling in oil exploration, the solid phase abrasives carried by high-pressure fluid will cause serious erosion to the inner wall of the pipe string. With the development and wide application of pulsed jet rock-breaking technology, gas-liquid The erosion characteristics and wear evolution law of two-phase flow are also the focus of research in the field of erosion at home and abroad.

At present, most of the erosion wear test devices only provide a single pipe flow or jet erosion condition. The circulating slurry adopts a mixed collection device, and the sand concentration is not easy to adjust. Only limited variables such as impact velocity, particle concentration, and target hardness can be considered, which cannot be simulated. Realize various medium coupling conditions such as gas-solid, solid-liquid and gas-liquid-solid.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device, which adopts a combination of jet type and pipe flow, and can be used to simulate pipe flow It solves the problems of few similar tests in traditional laboratories, inconvenient and inaccurate testing, and the present invention can meet the current requirements of the laboratory in tube-flow and jet-type erosion and wear. According to the research requirements of medium coupling erosion, the solid-liquid separation is realized through the restrictor and the elastic sand bag, and the dispersion and uniformity of the sand material are improved. For the study of wear resistance test and erosion wear law of materials under various influencing factors, it provides physical verification methods and scientific theoretical basis for the erosion characteristics and wear evolution law of multiphase flow.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device, comprising an air flow control module, a sand production module, a liquid supply module, an erosion test module and a data acquisition module;

The airflow control module provides a stable and controllable gas phase for the test;

The sand production module provides a solid phase with high dispersion and uniformity for the test;

The liquid supply module provides a liquid phase for the test;

The erosion test module and the data acquisition module are used to restore and realize two working conditions of elbow erosion and jet erosion, and to extract the experimental result data. The airflow control module includes an air compressor 1, an airflow buffer tank 2, a regulating valve 1 31, a regulating valve 2 32, a stainless steel connecting pipe 1 41 and a stainless steel connecting pipe 2 42. The air compressor 1 and the airflow buffer tank 2 pass through. The stainless steel connecting pipe one 41 is connected to stabilize the high pressure gas, and then passes through the electromagnetic flowmeter 5, and the gas injection flow rate for the test is obtained through the regulating valve 1 31; the regulating valve 2 32 is used to adjust the liquid flow rate, and the stainless steel connecting pipe The second 42 is used to connect the air compressor 1 and the airflow buffer tank 2.

The sand producing module includes a sand funnel 6 arranged at the second position of the stainless steel connecting pipe 42, an elastic sand bag 17 arranged at the position of the stainless steel liquid storage tank 18 and a restrictor 7 arranged at the second position 42 of the stainless steel connecting pipe. The funnel 6 is connected and connected to the air compressor 1 through the second stainless steel connecting pipe 42, and the sand enters the restrictor 7 through the second stainless steel connecting pipe 42 to form a uniform gas-solid mixture; the stainless steel liquid storage tank 18 is used for storage after the test is completed. The liquid phase, the elastic sand bag 17 is used to store the solid phase after the test is completed to realize the separation of the solid phase and the liquid phase.

The liquid supply module includes the liquid supply module mud pump 19 connected with the second stainless steel connecting pipe 42, the second regulating valve 32, and the stainless steel liquid storage tank 18 connected with the elastic sand bag 17. The stainless steel liquid storage tank 18 is connected to the mud pump 19. Through the connection of stainless steel connecting pipes 343, the liquid circulation is realized; the mud pump 19 is used to realize the pressure delivery and circulation of the liquid phase.

The erosion test module includes a spray chamber 14, a nozzle 13 and a sliding bracket 11 set at the fourth position of the stainless steel connecting pipe 44. The second stainless steel connecting pipe 42 is connected to the nozzle 13 through the flange interface 12, and the sliding bracket 11 is connected to the erosion bend with a hole. The tube 9 is connected, the sample holder 16 set at the spray chamber 14 position, the block sample 15 set at the sample holder 16 position, and the sample coupon 10 set at the hole erosion elbow 9 position.

The sliding bracket 11 is connected to the spray chamber 14 and the erosion elbow 9 with holes, and is connected to the stainless steel connecting pipe 2 42 through the flange interface 12 to simulate two working conditions of pipe flow and jet flow; the slurry After spraying from the nozzle 13 to the surface of the block sample 10 to cause erosion and wear, the stainless steel connecting pipe 44 returns to the elastic sand bag 17 and the stainless steel liquid storage tank 18 to realize the separation and recycling of the sand and liquid.

The sample coupons 10 are produced in two categories in the manufacturing process. The first type of sample coupons adopts a smooth processing technology, which is convenient for simulating the erosion and wear condition of non-destructive pipelines; the second type of sample coupons adopts pit processing. process, the center of the sample coupon is drilled to form a 0.5 mm deep pit, which is convenient to simulate the erosion and wear conditions of the pipeline containing corrosion pits.

The data acquisition module includes an electronic balance 20, a diaphragm pressure gauge 8, an electromagnetic flowmeter 5, an imaging microscope 21 and a computer 22, which are respectively used to record the mortar moisture content, flow parameters, sample weight loss rate and surface shape of the erosion test module. The electronic balance 20 is used to weigh and calculate the moisture content of the sand and the weight of the sample before and after erosion, and the imaging microscope 21 is used to collect the block sample 15 and the eroded sample coupon 10 The obtained surface topography can be measured along with the length, width, and crack edge width of the surface erosion and wear cracks in the surface topography. The computer 22 is used to receive and save the surface topography pictures.

The spray chamber 14 is a fully transparent high-strength glass chamber, which is convenient for the spray medium to show the erosion demonstration test process on the surface of the block sample 15. The block sample 15 is fixed in the spray chamber 14 by the sample holder 16 On the wall, the vertical plane of the center of the block sample 15 is respectively at a certain angle.

The block sample 15 is processed into a test block with a size of 25mm×25mm×5mm, and the processed sample is first polished with sandpaper to remove surface pits, burrs and other defects caused by processing to prepare for testing.

The front end of the pattern holder 16 is provided with a rotary interface, which can be continuously adjusted from 0 to 90°, which avoids the erosion pattern study only at a specific angle, and makes the angle comparison test results more continuous and easy to take. fetch operation.

The angle between the nozzle 13 and the sample holder 16 is set to be inclined at 45 degrees. The front end of the sample holder 16 adopts a rotatable interface, and the block sample 15 and the nozzle 13 are realized at 0-90 according to the required angle. °Adjustable.

The perforated erosion elbow 9 is a fully transparent high-strength 90° glass elbow, and the curvature radius is 1.5 times the outer diameter of the elbow, which is convenient for observing the erosion process and can more closely simulate the actual gas pipeline engineering.

12 circular holes with a diameter of 1 cm are arranged in sequence at the outer wall of the hole erosion bend pipe 9, and the sample hanging piece 10 is a circular iron sheet with a diameter of 1 cm, which is sequentially pasted on the erosion bend with a hole by a setting glue. In the hole of the pipe 9, and ensure that the sample coupon 10 is flush with the inner wall of the erosion elbow 9 with holes, it can simulate the actual pipeline erosion engineering. The diaphragm pressure gauge 8 and the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 are connected to the computer 22 through an acquisition and processing system, which can control and adjust the test device, record and process test data.

The electronic balance 20 is an LP503 electronic balance weighing with an accuracy of 0.1 mg.

The imaging microscope 21 is a double-layer mechanical mobile type, equipped with 12 million pixels, capable of taking pictures and videos, exporting reports, and measuring software, with an accuracy of 0.001 micron.

After the erosion test is completed, an LP503 electronic balance is used to weigh (with an accuracy of 0.1 mg), and the weight loss rate of the sample is calculated by taking the average value of multiple weighings. On the stage, adjust the required angle and optical path, correct the scale size, measure the length, width and crack edge width of the erosion wear crack on the surface of the sample, and connect the observed image to the computer through digital-to-analog conversion to take pictures and capture. picture and save.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device provided by the invention improves the dispersion and uniformity of sand particles through the cooperation of the restrictor, the elastic sand bag and the stainless steel storage barrel, and realizes the sand blasting concentration can be adjusted. Adjustability; the invention can realize two basic working conditions of elbow erosion and jet erosion through sliding brackets, reduce the gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion process to the greatest extent, and can perform erosion weight loss test and erosion morphology at the same time. research and reduce the test period; the present invention adopts the liquid phase and solid phase closed circulation system to realize the reuse of the medium and reduce the test cost; the present invention can test different steel grade specimens under different gas flow rates and sand material concentrations, and is suitable for Test of wear resistance of materials under various influencing factors and research on the law of erosion and wear; the invention is simple, safe, reliable and convenient to operate, which not only meets the research needs of three-phase flow erosion and wear under laboratory conditions, but also can be used for teaching demonstration.

Under the same other conditions, change the fluid erosion rate and analyze the weight loss rate of the sample, and explore the important influence of the flow rate on the weight loss rate of the sample and the change of the sample morphology.

Under the same other conditions, change the erosion angle of the sample to obtain the erosion test data with good reproducibility, analyze the erosion morphology and weight loss rate of the surface of the sample, and observe the surface of the sample obtained under different erosion angles. Morphology pictures, analyze the ploughing effect and impact crater produced by particles on the wall, and explore the erosion of the surface morphology of the sample at different impact angles.

Under other conditions being equal, the sand production rate was changed, the weight loss and surface topography changes of the samples were analyzed, and the collision effect between particles and the overall erosion effect were investigated. Under the same other conditions, change the medium coupling condition, and analyze the influence of the solid phase, gas phase and liquid on the weight loss rate of the sample based on the change of the weight loss rate of the sample and the analysis of the erosion morphology.

Under the same other conditions, set different steel grade pipes, record the final data, analyze the weight loss and surface morphology changes of different steel grade samples, and explore the erosion resistance and corrosion resistance of different steel grade pipes.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the erosion process of the jet chamber of an adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a perforated erosion elbow of an adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to the present invention

Reference numerals: 1-air compressor, 2-airflow buffer tank, 5-electromagnetic flowmeter, 6-sand funnel, 7-restrictor, 8-diaphragm pressure gauge, 9-hole erosion elbow, 10 - Specimen coupon, 11- Sliding bracket, 12- Flange interface, 13- Nozzle, 14- Spray chamber, 15- Block specimen, 16- Specimen holder, 17- Elastic sand bag, 18- Stainless steel Liquid storage tank, 19-mud pump, 20-electronic balance, 21-imaging microscope, 22-computer, 23-sand, 31-regulating valve one, 32-regulating valve two, 41-stainless steel connecting pipe one, 42-stainless steel connection Pipe two, 43-stainless steel connecting pipe three, 44-stainless steel connecting pipe four.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3: The present invention is to meet the current research needs of the laboratory in terms of erosion and wear, and provides a physical verification method for the erosion characteristics and wear evolution of the three-phase flow. Equipment life research provides scientific theoretical basis. At present, the main research on erosion wear is theoretical calculation and numerical simulation. There are few similar experiments in the laboratory, and it is neither convenient nor accurate to test. Therefore, it is particularly important to invent a gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device that can be adjusted. important.

An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the air compressor 1 in the airflow control module is connected to the airflow buffer tank 2 through a stainless steel connecting pipe-41, and the entire pipe is connected through a regulating valve-31. In the liquid supply module, the mud pump 19 is connected to the stainless steel liquid storage tank 18 through the stainless steel connecting pipe 343, and the liquid flow rate is controlled by the regulating valve 2 32; the air flow control module and the liquid supply module are connected by stainless steel connecting pipes. The two 42 are connected, and the required gas-liquid medium is mixed and recorded by the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 to reach the sand production module, and then passes through the sand funnel 6 and the restrictor 7 in turn to achieve uniform mixing of the three-phase flow and pass through the diaphragm pressure at a certain flow rate. Table 8 reaches the erosion test module after the pressure measurement; the present invention provides the nozzles 9 and 13 of the erosion elbows with holes, and the sliding bracket 11 is used to perform the conversion between the tube flow and the jet erosion test; in the tube flow erosion test, The sample coupons 10 are polished with sandpaper and then pasted into the pores of the perforated erosion elbow 9 through the setting glue in turn to ensure that the sample coupons are flush with the inner wall of the elbow. In the jet erosion test, the block sample 15 is fixed on the wall of the spray chamber 14 by the sample holder 16, and its central vertical planes are arranged at a certain angle, so that the slurry is sprayed from the nozzle to the surface of the sample to cause erosion and wear; after the erosion is formed, the mixed slurry flow The sand is recovered by the elastic sand bag 17, the remaining liquid phase is stored in the stainless steel liquid storage tank 18, and the liquid phase is recycled by connecting the mud pump 19 through the stainless steel connecting pipe 343; Heavy data and surface erosion appearance.

During the test, according to the needs of different test groups, sand particle size, pipe steel grade, erosion angle, fluid flow and multiphase flow coupling can be adjusted as needed to obtain corresponding test data. The data acquisition module of the above erosion test device includes an electronic balance 20 and an imaging microscope 21. Before the test, the block sample preparation stage should first use sandpaper to polish the edges and remove the rust left during processing. After cleaning for three minutes and drying, use LP503 type. The electronic balance is weighed (accuracy is 0.1mg), and the average value is obtained by weighing three times. After the sample coupons are washed clean, they are pasted in turn by the setting glue in the pores of the perforated erosion elbow, and the sample coupons and the elbow are guaranteed. The inner wall is flush; after the test, the sample is washed with alcohol before weighing, then placed in an ultrasonic cleaning device for three minutes, dried at room temperature and weighed, and the average value is obtained after three measurements. The imaging microscope 21 connects the image of the surface topography of the sample to the computer 22 through digital-to-analog conversion, measures the length, width, and width of the crack edge on the surface of the erosion wear crack on the sample surface, and takes a picture to capture and save it. The invention can meet the research requirements of the current multiphase flow erosion wear test in the laboratory, provide a verification method for numerical simulation, improve the credibility of the erosion wear mechanism and the prediction of consequences, and the test operation is simple.

Specifically, the spray chamber 14 of this embodiment is a fully transparent high-strength glass chamber, which is convenient for the spray medium to show the erosion demonstration test process on the surface of the block sample 15, and the block sample 15 is clamped by the pattern The device 16 is fixed on the wall of the spray chamber, and the vertical plane of the center of the block sample 15 is respectively at a certain angle.

Specifically, the perforated erosion elbow 9 in this embodiment is a fully transparent high-strength glass elbow, wherein the pores are 12 circular holes with a diameter of 1 cm, which are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the elbow. The sample coupon 10 of this embodiment is a circular iron sheet with a diameter of 1 cm, which is sequentially pasted on the eroded elbow with a hole by a setting glue. The diaphragm pressure gauge 8 of this embodiment and the electromagnetic flowmeter 5 of this embodiment are passed through The acquisition and processing system is connected to the computer 22, and the computer 22 in this embodiment can control and adjust the test device, record and process test data.

Specifically, the imaging microscope 21 of this embodiment is a double-layer mechanical mobile type, with 12 million pixels, capable of taking pictures and videos, and exporting reports, with measurement software, and an accuracy of 0.001 microns.

Further, the control test group in this embodiment can be determined according to the on-site conditions or actual test requirements.

Claims (10)

1. an adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device, is characterized in that, comprises air flow control module, sand production module, liquid supply module, erosion test module and data acquisition module; The airflow control module provides a stable and controllable gas phase for the test; The sand production module provides a solid phase with high dispersion and uniformity for the test; The liquid supply module provides a liquid phase for the test; The erosion test module and the data acquisition module are used to restore and realize two working conditions of elbow erosion and jet erosion, and to extract the experimental result data. 2. An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the airflow control module comprises an air compressor (1), an airflow buffer tank (2), an adjustment Valve one (31), regulating valve two (32), stainless steel connecting pipe one (41) and stainless steel connecting pipe two (42), the air compressor (1) and the airflow buffer tank (2) are connected through the stainless steel connecting pipe one (42). 41) connection, the high-pressure gas is stabilized and buffered, and then through the electromagnetic flowmeter (5), the gas injection flow rate for the test is obtained through the regulating valve one (31); the regulating valve two (32) is used to adjust the liquid phase flow rate, The second stainless steel connecting pipe (42) is used to connect the air compressor (1) and the airflow buffer tank (2). 3. The adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the sand producing module comprises a sand funnel ( 6), the elastic sand bag (17) set at the position of the stainless steel liquid storage tank (18) and the restrictor (7) set at the second position of the stainless steel connecting pipe (42), the sand funnel (6) passes through the second stainless steel connecting pipe (42) is connected to and connected to the air compressor (1), and the sand material enters the restrictor (7) through the second stainless steel connecting pipe (42) to form a uniform gas-solid mixture; the stainless steel liquid storage tank (18) is used for storage The liquid phase after the test is completed, and the elastic sand bag (17) is used for storing the solid phase after the test is completed, so as to realize the separation of the solid phase and the liquid phase. 4. An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid supply module comprises a liquid supply module mud pump connected with two stainless steel connecting pipes (42). (19), the second regulating valve (32) and the stainless steel liquid storage barrel (18) connected with the elastic sand bag (17), the stainless steel liquid storage barrel (18) and the mud pump (19) are connected by the third stainless steel pipe (43) ) connection to realize liquid circulation; the mud pump (19) is used to realize the pressure delivery and circulation of the liquid phase. 5. A kind of adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described erosion test module comprises the injection chamber (44) that is provided in stainless steel connecting pipe four (44) position 14), the nozzle (13) and the sliding bracket (11), the second stainless steel connecting pipe (42) is connected to the nozzle (13) through the flange interface (12), and the sliding bracket (11) is connected to the eroded elbow (9) with holes , the sample holder (16) set at the position of the spray chamber (14), the block sample (15) set at the position of the sample holder (16), the sample holder (15) set at the position of the erosion elbow (9) with holes Specimen coupons (10). 6. An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 5, wherein the sliding bracket (11) is connected to the spray chamber (14) and the perforated erosion elbow ( 9), the flange interface (12) is connected with the stainless steel connecting pipe two (42) to simulate two working conditions of pipe flow and jet flow; the slurry is sprayed from the nozzle (13) to the block sample (10) After the erosion wear is caused on the surface, the stainless steel connecting pipe four (44) returns to the elastic sand bag (17) and the stainless steel liquid storage tank (18) to realize the separation and recycling of sand and liquid. 7. An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 6, wherein the sample coupon (10) is divided into two types in the manufacturing process, the first The first-class specimen coupon adopts smooth processing technology, which is convenient for simulating the erosion and wear condition of non-destructive pipeline; the second-type sample coupon adopts the pit machining process, and the center of the sample coupon is drilled to form a 0.5 mm deep pit, which is convenient for simulation. Erosion and wear conditions of pipelines with corrosion pits; The spray chamber (14) is a fully transparent high-strength glass chamber, which is convenient for the spray medium to show the erosion demonstration test process on the surface of the block sample (15), and the block sample (15) is held by the sample holder (16) being fixed on the wall of the ejection chamber (14), and the vertical plane of the center of the block sample (15) is respectively at a certain angle; The block sample (15) is processed into a test block with a size of 25mm×25mm×5mm, and the processed sample is first polished with sandpaper to remove surface pits, burrs and other defects caused by processing, in preparation for testing. 8. An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the front end of the pattern holder (16) is provided with a rotary interface to realize 0-90° continuously adjustable. tune; The angle between the nozzle (13) and the sample holder (16) is set to be inclined at 45 degrees, and the front end of the sample holder (16) adopts a rotatable interface to realize the block sample (15) according to the required angle. ) and nozzle 13 are adjustable at 0-90°. 9. An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the erosion elbow (9) with holes is a fully transparent high-strength 90° glass elbow , the radius of curvature is 1.5 times the outer diameter of the elbow; 12 circular holes with a diameter of 1 cm are arranged in sequence at the outer wall of the hole erosion elbow (9). Inside the pores of the hole erosion elbow (9), and ensure that the sample coupon (10) is flush with the inner wall of the perforated erosion elbow (9), the diaphragm pressure gauge (8) and the electromagnetic flowmeter (5) Connected to the computer (22) via an acquisition and processing system, which can control and adjust the test device, record and process test data. 10. An adjustable gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow erosion wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module comprises an electronic balance (20), a diaphragm pressure gauge (8), an electromagnetic flow rate A meter (5), an imaging microscope (21) and a computer (22) are respectively used to record the water content of the mortar, flow parameters, sample weight loss rate and surface morphology of the erosion test module, and the electronic balance (20) is used for The water content of the sand material and the weight of the sample before and after being eroded are calculated by weighing, and the imaging microscope (21) is used to collect the eroded surfaces of the block sample (15) and the sample coupon (10) and can be measured with the length, width, and crack edge width of the surface erosion and wear cracks in the surface topography, and the computer (22) is used for receiving and storing the surface topography pictures; The electronic balance (20) is an LP503 electronic balance weighing with an accuracy of 0.1 mg; The imaging microscope (21) is a double-layer mechanical mobile type, equipped with 12 million pixels, capable of taking pictures and videos, and exporting reports, and also with measurement software, with an accuracy of 0.001 micron.

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