CN115194111A - Semi-continuous casting vertical casting process and equipment for large round billet to extra-large round billet - Google Patents
Semi-continuous casting vertical casting process and equipment for large round billet to extra-large round billet Download PDFInfo
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- CN115194111A CN115194111A CN202210864577.1A CN202210864577A CN115194111A CN 115194111 A CN115194111 A CN 115194111A CN 202210864577 A CN202210864577 A CN 202210864577A CN 115194111 A CN115194111 A CN 115194111A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/141—Plants for continuous casting for vertical casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/053—Means for oscillating the moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/1213—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for heating or insulating strands
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/122—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ using magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/166—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for mould oscillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
- B22D11/225—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould for secondary cooling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a semi-continuous casting vertical casting process and equipment for large round billets to extra-large round billets, which mainly relate to the field of metal smelting; in the vertical casting process, the crystallization and solidification processes of the molten steel are finished on the same vertical line, so that the floating removal of non-metallic inclusions in the molten steel and the uniform distribution in a casting blank are facilitated; the geometric symmetry performance of the casting blank in the solidification and heat exchange processes is good, and the casting blank is cooled uniformly; in the whole crystallization and solidification process, no additional mechanical stress action exists, the casting blank is not acted by any bending force and straightening force, the generation of bending strain and straightening strain is avoided, and the method is more suitable for casting steel grades with high crack sensitivity, high quality requirements and special purposes; through the control of the drawing speed, the primary cooling parameter, the secondary cooling parameter, the vibration parameter, the electromagnetic stirring parameter of the crystallizer and the dynamic electromagnetic stirring parameter and the application of a billet tail heating feeding technology, the surface quality and the internal quality of the casting billet all reach higher standard requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a semi-continuous casting vertical casting process and equipment for large round billets to extra-large round billets.
Background
The large forging piece can be used as a blank manufactured by major complete equipment, and can also be directly applied to major engineering projects in a finished product form. The large forging is mainly applied to the industries of electric power, ships, heavy machinery, metallurgy, petrochemical industry and national defense. The traditional large forgings are all manufactured by adopting a die casting process, and have the problems of unstable quality, low metal yield, high production cost and the like.
In the whole crystallization and solidification process of the arc continuous casting machine in the prior art, a casting blank can be acted by bending force and straightening force to generate bending strain and straightening strain, and the arc continuous casting machine is not beneficial to casting steel with high crack sensitivity and high quality requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention aims to provide a semi-continuous casting vertical casting process and equipment for large round billets to large round billets, and the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a semi-continuous casting vertical casting process from a large round billet to a large round billet, which comprises the following steps:
controlling the superheat degree of molten steel in a steel ladle at 25 ℃; after the molten steel enters the crystallizer, the vibration device drives the crystallizer to vibrate together according to the non-sinusoidal vibration model, and meanwhile, the cooling water on the crystallizer and the electromagnetic stirring device continuously carry out primary cooling and electromagnetic stirring on the molten steel; wherein, the water flow rate of the cooling water on the crystallizer for primary cooling of the molten steel is controlled to be 5-8 m/s; the negative sliding time controlled by the non-sinusoidal vibration model is 0.15-0.31 second;
the casting blank lifting vehicle drives the dummy ingot steel pulling device to descend, and the casting blank with a certain blank shell thickness is pulled out of the crystallizer and then sprayed with water for cooling through a secondary cooling area spraying device; wherein the specific water amount of the secondary cooling area spray device is 0.05-0.1L/kg; controlling the blank drawing speed of the casting blank lifting vehicle to be 0.05-0.50 m/min;
the casting blank is continuously solidified and pulled out by the dummy ingot steel pulling device, and the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device is used for inhibiting dendritic crystal growth of the casting blank and tracking the solidification tail end of the casting blank; wherein, the condition that the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device inhibits the growth of dendrites is as follows:
the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device starts to track under the condition that the central solid phase rate is 0.06-0.67;
when the length of the casting blank reaches a fixed length, the tail blank heating and feeding device clamps the tail of the casting blank, electroslag is added into the tail blank, the feeding heating device starts to heat, and thermal feeding and capping are carried out;
after the completion of the feeding, the knockout trolley is opened to a knockout position, the casting blank lifting vehicle drives the billets to descend, the dummy bar head falls on the knockout trolley, the dummy bar head is separated from the dummy bar, the knockout trolley clamps the billets and the billets are discharged along with the knockout trolley.
Preferably, the pull rate VC of the non-sinusoidal vibration model: 0.06-0.085 m/min, vibration frequency f:75c/min, amplitude h:2mm, nonsinusoidal rate R:20 percent.
Preferably, the current of the electromagnetic stirring device on the crystallizer is: 400-500A, stirring frequency: 0.8-1.2 Hz.
Preferably, the model for suppressing dendritic crystal growth of the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device is as follows:
L＝at 2 +bt+c；
wherein: l is the casting blank position, t is time, and a, b and c are coefficients;
| a | b | c | |
| the length of the dendrite is 12mm | 114 | -697.99 | 1579.3 |
| The length of the dendrite is 20mm | 41.042 | -418.79 | 1579.3 |
| The length of the dendrite is 50mm | 6.5667 | -167.52 | 1579.3 |
Preferably, the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device tracks the casting blank solidification end model as follows:
L＝at 6 +bt 5 +ct 4 +dt 3 +et 2 +ft+g
wherein L is the casting blank position, t is the time, and a, b, c, d, e, f, g are coefficients;
preferably, the speed of the casting blank lifting vehicle is accurately controlled by a servo motor or a hydraulic motor.
The invention also provides semi-continuous casting vertical casting equipment from large round billets to extra-large round billets, which comprises tundish and tundish carrying equipment, a crystallizer, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring, a secondary cooling area spraying device, a vibrating device, dynamic electromagnetic stirring, a dynamic electromagnetic stirring trolley, a dummy bar, a dummy ingot blank drawing trolley, a guiding device, a guide post and heat preservation cover, a blank discharging trolley and a billet tail heating feeding device which are arranged on a production line.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention can provide high-quality blank (replacing the product of the traditional die casting process) for the subsequent manufacture of the large forging, improve the product quality of the large forging and the utilization rate of the material, and reduce the energy consumption; the crystallization and solidification processes of the molten steel in the vertical casting process are finished on the same vertical line, so that the floating removal of non-metallic inclusions in the molten steel and the uniform distribution in a casting blank are facilitated; the geometric symmetry performance of the casting blank in the processes of solidification and heat exchange is good, and the casting blank is cooled uniformly; in the whole crystallization and solidification process, no additional mechanical stress action exists, the casting blank is not acted by any bending force and straightening force, the generation of bending strain and straightening strain is avoided, and the method is more suitable for casting steel grades with high crack sensitivity, high quality requirements and special purposes; through the control of the drawing speed, the primary cooling parameter, the secondary cooling parameter, the vibration parameter, the electromagnetic stirring parameter of the crystallizer and the dynamic electromagnetic stirring parameter and the application of the billet tail heating feeding technology, the surface quality and the internal quality of the manufactured casting billet all reach higher standard requirements.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated in the following description with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a semi-continuous casting vertical casting process from large round billets to extra-large round billets, which comprises a casting preparation stage and a casting and solidification stage. It should be noted that the diameter of the round billet in this embodiment is
The diameter of the super-large round billet is
A casting preparation stage: the casting blank lifting vehicle drives the dummy ingot steel pulling device to enter the bottom of the crystallizer, a steel ladle hung by the travelling crane falls onto a ladle revolving platform at a ladle receiving position, the ladle revolving platform is turned to a casting position, and a tundish after being baked moves to the casting position through tundish carrying equipment.
Casting and solidifying stage: the ladle carrying equipment carries the ladle to a pouring position, a water gap is opened to start molten steel discharge, a ladle weighing device monitors the weight of the molten steel in real time to prevent the residual steel slag of the ladle from flowing into a tundish to pollute the molten steel in the tundish, and the superheat degree of the molten steel in the ladle is controlled at 25 ℃. Molten steel in the ladle flows into the tundish through the long nozzle, the molten steel in the tundish flows into the crystallizer through the submerged nozzle, and the long nozzle and the submerged nozzle are used for protecting casting and preventing the molten steel from being oxidized.
Molten steel in the tundish flows into the crystallizer, and the crystallizer is configured with liquid level detection, so that the liquid level of the crystallizer is not fluctuated too much, and the quality of the steel billet is influenced. Secondly, in order to prevent bleed-out, the molten steel level can overflow the crystallizer when the molten steel level is too fast, and after the liquid level is detected, the molten steel level can be fed back to the computer to adjust the flow of the submerged nozzle so as to prevent the bleed-out.
After the molten steel enters the crystallizer, the vibration device drives the crystallizer to vibrate together according to a non-sinusoidal vibration model, and meanwhile, cooling water on the crystallizer and the electromagnetic stirring device continuously carry out primary cooling and electromagnetic stirring on the molten steel; wherein, the water flow rate of the cooling water on the crystallizer for carrying out primary cooling on the molten steel is controlled to be 5-8 m/s; the negative sliding time controlled by the non-sinusoidal vibration model is 0.15-0.31 second;
the casting blank lifting vehicle drives the dummy ingot steel pulling device to descend, and the casting blank with a certain blank shell thickness is pulled out of the crystallizer and then sprayed with water for cooling through a secondary cooling area spraying device; wherein the specific water amount of the secondary cooling area spray device is 0.05-0.1L/kg; the casting blank drawing speed of the casting blank lifting vehicle is controlled to be 0.05-0.50 m/min, and the speed of the casting blank lifting vehicle is accurately controlled by a servo motor or a hydraulic motor.
The casting blank is continuously solidified and pulled out by the dummy ingot steel pulling device, and the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device is used for inhibiting dendritic crystal growth of the casting blank and tracking the solidification tail end of the casting blank; wherein, the condition of the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device for inhibiting the growth of dendrites is as follows:
the dynamic electromagnetic stirring apparatus starts tracking under the condition that the central solid phase ratio is 0.06 to 0.67.
And (3) when the length of the casting blank reaches a fixed length, clamping the tail part of the casting blank by a tail blank heating and feeding device, adding electroslag into the tail part, and starting heating by the feeding and heating device to perform thermal feeding and capping.
After the completion of the feeding, the knockout trolley is opened to the knockout position, the casting blank lifting vehicle drives the billets to descend, the dummy bar head falls on the knockout trolley, the dummy bar head is separated from the dummy bar, the knockout trolley clamps the billets and the billets are discharged along with the knockout trolley.
In the present embodiment, the pull rate VC of the non-sinusoidal vibration model: 0.06-0.085 m/min, vibration frequency f:75c/min, amplitude h:2mm, nonsinusoidal ratio R:20 percent.
In this example, the current of the electromagnetic stirring device on the crystallizer: 400-500A, stirring frequency: 0.8-1.2 Hz.
In this embodiment, the model of the dynamic electromagnetic stirring apparatus for suppressing dendrite growth is:
L＝at 2 +bt+c
wherein: l is the casting blank position, t is time, and a, b and c are coefficients;
| a | b | c | |
| the length of the dendrite is 12mm | 114 | -697.99 | 1579.3 |
| The length of the dendrite is 20mm | 41.042 | -418.79 | 1579.3 |
| The length of the dendrite is 50mm | 6.5667 | -167.52 | 1579.3 |
In this embodiment, the dynamic electromagnetic stirring apparatus tracks the casting blank solidification end model as follows:
L＝at 6 +bt 5 +ct 4 +dt 3 +et 2 +ft+g
wherein L is the casting blank position, t is the time, and a, b, c, d, e, f, g are coefficients;
in this embodiment, the slab tail electroslag heating feeding is a process of heating a tail slab of a casting slab, performing thermal state feeding and capping; and (3) stopping pouring the steel ladle and the molten steel of the middle ladle when the casting blank reaches a fixed length, driving the casting blank to ascend by the aid of a feeding trolley at a feeding position, clamping the tail of the casting blank by a feeding device, adding electroslag, and starting heating by the feeding heating device. The parameters of current, voltage and the like are controlled by applying an electroslag heating feeding model, which is shown in the following table.
Slagging control:
| secondary voltage, V | Time, minutes | Current, A |
| 70 | 3 | 5000 |
| 70 | 4 | 6000 |
| 70 | 5 | 7000 |
| 10000 |
Heating feeding control:
| secondary voltage, V | Current, A | Time, minutes |
| 80 | 10000 | 1 |
| 80 | 9500 | 6 |
| 80 | 8000 | 11 |
| 6000 | 150 |
Electroslag heating feeding is divided into two processes: electroslag melting is carried out firstly, and then molten steel is heated. During melting, slagging control parameters are adopted, and heating feeding control parameters are adopted for heating molten steel.
The embodiment also provides semi-continuous casting vertical casting equipment from large round billets to extra-large round billets, which comprises tundish and tundish carrying equipment, a crystallizer, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring, a secondary cooling area spraying device, a vibrating device, dynamic electromagnetic stirring, a dynamic electromagnetic stirring trolley, a dummy bar, a dummy ingot blank drawing trolley, a guiding device, a guide post, a heat-insulating cover, a blank discharging trolley and a billet tail heating feeding device which are arranged on a production line.
The above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A semi-continuous casting vertical casting process from large round billets to extra-large round billets is characterized by comprising the following steps:
controlling the superheat degree of molten steel in a steel ladle at 25 ℃; after the molten steel enters the crystallizer, the vibration device drives the crystallizer to vibrate together according to the non-sinusoidal vibration model, and meanwhile, the cooling water on the crystallizer and the electromagnetic stirring device continuously carry out primary cooling and electromagnetic stirring on the molten steel; wherein, the water flow rate of the cooling water on the crystallizer for carrying out primary cooling on the molten steel is controlled to be 5-8 m/s; the negative sliding time controlled by the non-sinusoidal vibration model is 0.15-0.31 second;
the casting blank lifting vehicle drives the dummy ingot steel pulling device to descend, and the casting blank with a certain blank shell thickness is pulled out of the crystallizer and then sprayed with water and cooled by the spraying device of the secondary cooling area; wherein the specific water amount of the secondary cooling area spray device is 0.05-0.1L/kg; the blank drawing speed of the casting blank lifting vehicle is controlled to be 0.05-0.50 m/min;
the casting blank is continuously solidified and pulled out by the dummy ingot steel pulling device, and the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device is used for inhibiting dendritic crystal growth of the casting blank and tracking the solidification tail end of the casting blank; wherein, the condition of the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device for inhibiting the growth of dendrites is as follows:
the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device starts to track under the condition that the central solid phase rate is 0.06-0.67;
when the length of the casting blank reaches a fixed length, the tail blank heating and feeding device clamps the tail of the casting blank, electroslag is added into the tail blank, the feeding heating device starts to heat, and thermal feeding and capping are carried out;
after the completion of the feeding, the knockout trolley is opened to a knockout position, the casting blank lifting vehicle drives the billets to descend, the dummy bar head falls on the knockout trolley, the dummy bar head is separated from the dummy bar, the knockout trolley clamps the billets and the billets are discharged along with the knockout trolley.
2. The semi-continuous casting vertical casting process from large round billets to extra-large round billets as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: pulling speed VC of non-sinusoidal vibration model: 0.06-0.085 m/min, vibration frequency f:75c/min, amplitude h:2mm, nonsinusoidal rate R:20 percent.
3. The semi-continuous casting vertical casting process from large round billets to extra-large round billets as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: current of electromagnetic stirring device on crystallizer: 400-500A, stirring frequency: 0.8 to 1.2Hz.
4. The semi-continuous casting vertical casting process from large round billets to extra-large round billets as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the model for restraining the growth of dendrites by the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device is as follows:
L＝at 2 +bt+c；
wherein: l is the casting blank position, t is time, and a, b and c are coefficients;
5. The semi-continuous casting vertical casting process from large round billets to extra-large round billets as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the dynamic electromagnetic stirring device tracks the solidification tail end model of the casting blank as follows:
L＝at 6 +bt 5 +ct 4 +dt 3 +et 2 +ft+g
wherein L is the casting blank position, t is the time, and a, b, c, d, e, f, g are coefficients;
6. the semi-continuous casting vertical casting process from large round billets to extra-large round billets as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the speed of the casting blank lifting vehicle is accurately controlled by a servo motor or a hydraulic motor.
7. The utility model provides a big circular billet to perpendicular casting equipment of super big circular billet semicontinuous casting which characterized in that: the device comprises tundish and tundish carrying equipment arranged on a production line, a crystallizer, crystallizer electromagnetic stirring, a secondary cooling area spray device, a vibrating device, dynamic electromagnetic stirring, a dynamic electromagnetic stirring trolley, a dummy bar, a dummy ingot blank drawing trolley, a guiding device, a guide post, a heat-insulating cover, a blank discharging trolley and a blank tail heating feeding device.
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| CN202210864577.1A CN115194111B (en) | 2022-07-21 | 2022-07-21 | Semi-continuous casting vertical casting process and equipment for large round billets to extra-large round billets |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116079026A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-05-09 | 燕山大学 | Method and device for adjusting freezing point position of liquid cavity in large-diameter pipe |
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