CN115182821A - Ignition structure, combustion chamber structure and engine - Google Patents

Abstract

An ignition structure, a combustion chamber structure, and an engine are provided herein. The ignition structure comprises a pre-explosion tube, a fuel inlet and an oxidant outlet, wherein the pre-explosion tube is provided with a mixing cavity, and the oxidant inlet and the fuel inlet are communicated with the mixing cavity; an igniter in communication with the mixing chamber; the shielding piece is arranged between the mixing cavity and the engine combustion chamber and is used for conducting or isolating the mixing cavity and the engine combustion chamber; the shielding piece is arranged to move under the impact force of detonation waves in the pre-explosion tube to conduct the mixing cavity and the engine combustion chamber, and can reset under the impact force of the detonation waves in the combustion chamber to separate the mixing cavity and the engine combustion chamber. This ignition structure is through setting up the shielding piece, utilizes the motion of shielding piece in order to switch on or cut off mixing chamber and the engine combustion chamber of pre-explosion pipe, need not pre-explosion pipe bulk movement, and the motion energy consumption is low, and has higher motion stationarity and reliability.

Description

Ignition structure, combustion chamber structure and engine

technical field

This article relates to, but is not limited to, the technical field of engines, in particular to an ignition structure, a combustion chamber structure and an engine.

Background technique

The competition in the aerospace field is becoming more and more fierce, and the research on key innovative technologies in the aerospace field has attracted more and more attention from various countries. In recent years, with the continuous deepening of research on hypersonic vehicles and single-stage orbiting power systems, new continuous rotating detonation engine technology has been rapidly developed. Studies have shown that the propulsion technology based on detonation combustion can greatly reduce fuel consumption and greatly improve the specific impulse characteristics of the power plant. meaning. As a leading technology that can overtake on a curve, its comprehensive and in-depth research is more urgent.

Continuous rotary detonation engine is a power technology that utilizes detonating combustion. The characteristics and advantages are summarized as follows: (1) Only one successful detonation is required, and the detonation wave can propagate continuously along the circumference of the combustion chamber. (2) The combustion rate is fast, the heat release intensity is large, and the combustion chamber structure is compact, which can shorten the length of the engine. (3) It has supercharging characteristics, which can reduce the number of turbo engine compressor stages or reduce the total pressure loss of the ramjet intake port, which is conducive to simplifying the design of the propulsion system and improving the engine thrust-to-weight ratio. (4) It can work in air-breathing mode or rocket mode, and the working range can vary from subsonic speed to supersonic speed with high Mach number. Therefore, the research of continuously rotating detonation engine has gradually attracted extensive attention in the scientific and technological circles.

Since the initial conditions and formation mechanism of the rotary detonation wave are still unclear, the success rate and repetition rate of the initial rotary detonation wave are not high, and the problem of one-way detonation has not been solved. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a unidirectional detonation device for rotary detonation engines that can re-ignite and detonate in one direction.

It should be noted that the above content belongs to the technical cognition category of the inventor, and does not necessarily constitute the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of this application is to provide an ignition structure, a combustion chamber structure and an engine. By arranging a shutter, the ignition structure utilizes the movement of the shutter to conduct or cut off the mixing chamber of the pre-detonation tube and the combustion chamber of the engine, without the need for the overall movement of the pre-detonation tube, low energy consumption for motion, and high motion stability and performance. reliability.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

An ignition structure comprising:

a pre-detonation tube, which is provided with a mixing chamber and an oxidant inlet and a fuel inlet communicated with the mixing chamber;

an igniter in communication with the mixing chamber; and

a shutter, arranged between the mixing chamber and the engine combustion chamber, and configured to conduct or cut off the mixing chamber and the engine combustion chamber;

Wherein, the shutter is set to move under the impact force of the detonation wave in the pre-detonation tube, so as to conduct the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine, and can be reset under the impact force of the detonation wave in the combustion chamber, to isolate the mixing chamber from the combustion chamber of the engine.

By arranging a shutter in the ignition structure, the shutter is used to conduct or cut off the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine, and the shutter is set to move under the impact force of the detonation wave in the pre-detonation tube, so as to conduct the mixing chamber and the engine. The combustion chamber can be reset under the impact force of the detonation wave in the combustion chamber to isolate the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine, which not only realizes the unidirectional transmission of the detonation wave in the pre-detonation tube, but also does not require the overall movement of the pre-detonation tube, and the motion energy consumption is low. , with high motion stability and reliability.

In some exemplary embodiments, the ignition structure further includes a mounting seat connected to the pre-detonation tube, the mounting seat is provided with a channel connecting the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine, and the channel is communicating with the combustion chamber of the engine. The port is recorded as a connecting port;

Wherein, the shutter is rotatably mounted to the mounting seat through a rotating shaft, and the shutter is configured to expose at least part of the communication port to conduct the passage to communicate the mixing chamber with the combustion chamber of the engine, and It is arranged to block the communication port to block the passage to block the mixing chamber from the combustion chamber of the engine.

By setting the mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with a channel connecting the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine, the shutter is rotatably installed on the mounting seat, and the matching relationship between the shutter and the communication port is used to realize the conduction or isolation of the channel, The structure is simple, and the ignition structure can be installed on the combustion chamber in the form of an assembly by using the mounting seat, so as to improve the integration of the product and improve the assembly efficiency of the whole product.

In some exemplary embodiments, the mounting seat is provided with a mounting groove, and the shutter is embedded in the mounting groove.

Setting the shutter to be embedded in the installation groove reduces the space occupied by the shutter on the combustion chamber of the engine, and also avoids the influence of the shutter on the fluidity of the combustion airflow in the combustion chamber.

In some exemplary embodiments, an overcurrent gap is left between the shutter and the groove bottom of the installation groove;

Wherein, the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube pushes the shutter to rotate through the overflow gap to enter the combustion chamber.

Utilize the overflow gap between the shield and the groove bottom of the installation groove to realize the drainage of the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube, improve the unidirectional flow performance of the detonation wave, and make the shield play a role in the impact force of the detonation wave. The lower part rotates relative to the mounting seat to expose the part of the communication port, so that the channel between the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine is connected, and the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube enters the combustion chamber through the flow gap, so that the combustion chamber is An initial detonation wave is generated.

In some exemplary embodiments, the shielding member is a baffle extending in the radial direction of the pre-detonation tube, and the baffle includes a shielding portion and a mounting portion sequentially connected along the radial direction of the pre-detonation tube, so One end of the mounting portion close to the shielding portion is rotatably connected to the mounting seat through the rotating shaft, an overcurrent gap is left between the shielding portion and the bottom of the mounting groove, and the mounting portion and the There is a clearance gap between the groove bottom of the installation groove;

Wherein, the avoidance gap is used to provide avoidance when the shutter is rotated, and the groove bottom of the installation slot is used to limit the position of the rotated shutter.

The avoidance gap between the installation part and the groove bottom of the installation groove is used to provide the avoidance space when the shutter is rotated, and the shutter can also be limited after it has been rotated in place, so as to improve the accuracy of the rotation angle of the shutter and ensure that the shutter is rotated. Consistency of shutter rotation angle across multiple firing operations.

In some exemplary embodiments, the shielding portion includes:

a first plate surface, located on the side close to the combustion chamber;

a second plate surface arranged opposite to the first plate surface, the second plate surface is an inclined surface, and the gap between the second plate surface and the groove bottom of the installation groove is the overcurrent gap;

Wherein, the second plate surface is used to guide the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube toward one side of the combustion chamber.

The second plate surface of the shielding part is set as an inclined surface, so as to use the inclined surface to guide the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube toward one side of the combustion chamber, so as to improve the flow performance of the transmission of the detonation wave, and the diversion structure is simple and reliable. high.

In some exemplary embodiments, the mounting portion is provided with a sinking groove, and the wall of the sinking groove is provided with a shaft hole for installing the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft passes through the shaft hole and is partially located in the shaft hole. in the sink.

A shaft hole for installing the rotating shaft is arranged on the groove wall of the sinking groove, and the rotating shaft is penetrated through the shaft hole and partially located in the sinking groove, so as to improve the stability of the connection between the shutter and the rotating shaft, and also realize the hidden arrangement of the reset mechanism. Improve the compactness of the structure.

In some exemplary embodiments, the ignition structure further includes a reset mechanism;

The reset mechanism is matched with the mounting seat and the shutter, and is configured to be deformed under the impact force of the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube, so that the shutter is exposed to the communication port. At least a part of the shutter can be reset under the action of the reset elastic force to drive the shutter to reset.

The reset mechanism is provided, and the reset mechanism can be deformed under the impact force of the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube, so that the shutter exposes at least a part of the communication port, and can be reset under the action of the reset elastic force to drive the shutter to reset , in order to improve the movement stability of the shutter during the rotation process, and also avoid abnormal knocking noise during movement, and improve the quality of the movement.

In some exemplary embodiments, the reset mechanism includes a torsion spring sleeved on the rotating shaft, one torsion arm of the torsion spring is matched with the shutter, and the other torsion arm is matched with the mounting seat.

By setting the torsion spring, the structure of the reset mechanism is simplified, and the structure of the torsion spring is mature and has high reliability.

In some exemplary embodiments, the pre-detonator further includes an oxidant chamber and a fuel chamber in communication with the mixing chamber;

The oxidant inlet is provided in the oxidant cavity for delivering oxidant into the oxidant cavity; the fuel inlet is provided in the fuel cavity for delivering fuel into the fuel cavity.

By setting two relatively independent oxidant chambers and fuel chambers, it is possible to adjust the equivalence ratio of the oxidant and the fuel entering the mixing chamber by adjusting the volume ratio of the two chambers, thereby improving the flexibility of the ratio adjustment of the oxidant and the fuel. sex.

In some exemplary embodiments, the ignition structure further includes a nozzle mounted within the pre-detonator;

The nozzle is provided with a jetting channel, an inlet and a jetting port communicating with the jetting channel; the jetting port is used to communicate the jetting channel and the mixing chamber; the inlet includes a first inlet and a second an inlet, the first inlet is used for connecting the injection channel and the oxidant chamber; the second inlet is used for connecting the injection channel and the fuel chamber;

Wherein, the nozzle is configured to spray the substance entering the spray channel into the mixing chamber through the spray port.

The nozzle is used to inject the substance entering the injection channel into the mixing chamber through the injection port, so that the igniter can perform the ignition operation.

In some exemplary embodiments, the mixing chamber is designed in a constricted shape toward the direction close to the combustion chamber.

The mixing chamber is designed in a constricted shape toward the direction close to the combustion chamber to increase the impact force of the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube on the shield, increase the movement speed of the shield, and shorten the ignition cycle.

A combustion chamber structure includes a combustion chamber and the ignition structure of any one of the above embodiments fixed to the combustion chamber.

In some exemplary embodiments, the combustion chamber is an annular combustion chamber, and the mount of the ignition structure includes an arcuate plate that forms part of the annular combustion chamber.

The mounting base is arranged to include an arc-shaped plate, and the arc-shaped plate is arranged to constitute a part of the annular combustion chamber, so as to simplify the combustion chamber structure as a whole and reduce the weight of the product.

An engine includes the combustion chamber structure described in any one of the above embodiments.

Other aspects will become apparent upon reading and understanding of the drawings and detailed description.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions herein, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings are used to explain the technical solutions herein, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions herein.

1 is a schematic diagram of the state of the ignition structure before ignition in some exemplary embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of mark A in Fig. 1;

3 is a schematic diagram of a state in which the ignition structure is igniting in some exemplary embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of some parts of the ignition structure in some exemplary embodiments of the present application.

Reference number:

10- ignition structure;

101-pre-detonation tube, 101a-mixing chamber, 101b-oxidant inlet, 101c-fuel inlet, 101d-oxidant chamber, 101e-fuel chamber;

102 - igniter;

103-shielding piece, 103a-shielding part, 103b-installation part, 103c-first board surface, 103d-second board surface, 103e-first vertical board, 103f-second vertical board, 103g-sink;

104-mounting seat, 104a-first part, 104b-second part, 104c-communication port, 104d-first groove, 104e-second groove;

105-reset mechanism; 106-rotating shaft; 107-nozzle, 107a-jet flow channel, 107b-jet port, 107c-first inlet, 107d-second inlet;

20-combustion chamber; 30-channel; 40-flow clearance; 50-avoidance clearance.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions herein will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present document, but not to limit the present document.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , an ignition structure 10 is provided. The ignition structure 10 includes a pre-detonator 101 , an igniter 102 and a shutter 103 . The pre-detonation tube 101 can be configured as a long tube as a whole. The pre-detonator 101 is provided with a mixing chamber 101a, an oxidant inlet 101b and a fuel inlet 101c. The igniter 102 can be installed on the wall of the mixing chamber 101a and communicated with the mixing chamber 101a, and is used for igniting the mixed substances in the mixing chamber 101a, and the mixed substances include fuel and oxidant. The shutter 103 is arranged between the mixing chamber 101a and the combustion chamber 20 of the engine, and is arranged to conduct or block the mixing chamber 101a and the combustion chamber 20 of the engine. The blocking member 103 may be a baffle, a block or a blocking ball, and the specific shape is not limited.

Both the oxidant inlet 101b and the fuel inlet 101c communicate with the mixing chamber 101a. The oxidant inlet 101b is used to deliver the oxidant into the mixing chamber 101a. The oxidant may be oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, or the like. The fuel inlet 101c is used to deliver fuel into the mixing chamber 101a. The fuel may be kerosene or the like. The oxidant inlet 101b can be connected to an oxidant transmission pipe (not shown in the figure), etc., so as to facilitate the delivery of the oxidant into the mixing chamber 101a. The oxidant inlet 101b can be configured as a circular hole or an elliptical hole or the like. The shape of the fuel inlet 101c may be the same as that of the oxidant inlet 101b, or it may be different.

The oxidant inlet 101b and the fuel inlet 101c may directly communicate with the mixing chamber 101a. For example, the oxidant inlet 101b and the fuel inlet 101c are arranged on the cavity wall of the mixing chamber 101a and communicate with the mixing chamber 101a. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the pre-detonation tube 101 further includes an oxidant chamber 101d and a fuel chamber 101e. The oxidant chamber 101d and the fuel chamber 101e are both communicated with the mixing chamber 101a. As shown in FIG. 1, the mixing chamber 101a, the fuel chamber 101e and the oxidant chamber 101d can be arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the pre-detonation tube 101, as shown in FIG. 1 in the left and right directions. As shown in FIG. 1 , the mixing chamber 101a, the fuel chamber 101e and the oxidant chamber 101d can be assembled into a pre-detonation tube 101 by splicing. The splicing method can choose welding, etc. Wherein, the oxidant inlet 101b is disposed in the oxidant chamber 101d, and is used for delivering the oxidant into the oxidant chamber 101d. The oxidant re-enters the mixing chamber 101a via the oxidant chamber 101d. The fuel inlet 101c is provided in the fuel chamber 101e, and is used for delivering fuel into the fuel chamber 101e. The fuel re-enters the mixing chamber 101a via the fuel chamber 101e. One or more oxidant inlets 101b may be provided. One or more fuel inlets 101c may be provided. During the product production process, the volume of the oxidant cavity 101d and the fuel cavity 101e can be adjusted to adjust the equivalence ratio of the oxidant and the fuel entering the mixing cavity 101a, thereby improving the oxidant-fuel ratio adjustment in the pre-detonation tube 101. flexibility.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the ignition structure 10 needs to communicate with the combustion chamber 20 of the engine to realize the ignition operation of the engine. After the igniter 102 ignites the mixed substance entering the mixing chamber 101a of the pre-detonation tube 101, the mixed substance slowly burns and burns in the mixing chamber 101a. A detonation wave is formed. The detonation wave in the mixing chamber 101a is transmitted in the direction of the combustion chamber 20 to exert an impact force on the shutter 103, the shutter 103 moves, the shutter 103 moves, or rotates, etc., as shown in FIG. 3 (ignition process). ), which is a schematic diagram of the state in which the shutter 103 rotates. In the embodiments of the present application, the technical solution is explained by taking the rotation of the shutter 103 relative to the pre-detonation tube 101 as an example. Due to the movement of the shutter 103 , the mixing chamber 101 a is communicated with the combustion chamber 20 . The detonation wave enters the combustion chamber 20 and forms an initial detonation wave propagating in a single direction in the combustion chamber 20 . With the discharge of the detonation wave in the mixing chamber 101a, the pressure in the mixing chamber 101a decreases, and the pressure in the combustion chamber 20 gradually increases to apply an impact force to the shutter 103 to push the shutter 103 to reset, as shown in FIG. 1 . (After the ignition is completed, the shutter 103 has been reset, and the states of the ignition structure 10 before and after the ignition are as shown in FIG. 1 ). After the shutter 103 is reset, the mixing chamber 101a and the combustion chamber 20 are cut off.

The shutter 103 can be installed on the pre-detonation tube 101, or installed on the combustion chamber 20 or the like. By arranging a shutter 103 in the ignition structure 10, the shutter 103 is used to conduct or block the mixing chamber 101a and the combustion chamber 20 of the engine. The shield 103 is set to move under the impact force of the detonation wave in the pre-detonation tube 101 to conduct the mixing chamber 101a and the combustion chamber 20 of the engine, and the shield 103 can be reset under the impact force of the detonation wave in the combustion chamber 20 , in order to isolate the mixing chamber 101a and the combustion chamber 20 of the engine, which not only realizes the one-way transmission of the detonation wave in the pre-detonation tube 101, but also does not require the overall movement of the pre-detonation tube 101, the motion energy consumption is low, and the motion stability is high and reliability.

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the ignition structure 10 further includes a mount 104 connected to the pre-detonator 101 . The mounting seat 104 is provided with a channel 30 that communicates between the mixing chamber 101a and the combustion chamber 20 of the engine, and the port of the channel 30 that communicates with the combustion chamber 20 is denoted as a communication port 104c.

The mount 104 may be configured to include a first portion 104a and a second portion 104b. The first part 104a and the second part 104b may be integrally formed, and the integral formation may be casting or the like. Alternatively, the first part 104a and the second part 104b are separately formed and then assembled, and the reassembly method may be welding or the like.

The first part 104a can be configured as an arc-shaped plate as shown in FIG. 1 , and the second part 104b can be configured as a tube body as shown in FIG. 1 . The first portion 104a can be used as a part of the annular combustion chamber 20 , that is, the combustion chamber 20 is spliced together, as shown in FIG. 1 . The combustion chamber 20 can be integrally formed. Those skilled in the art should know that when the integrally formed combustion chamber 20 is ignited by using the ignition structure 10 provided with the mounting seat 104, the integrally formed combustion chamber 20 needs to be provided with corresponding escape passages to ensure The detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 101 of the ignition structure 10 is transmitted into the combustion chamber 20 . In the embodiment of the present application, the technical solution is explained by setting the first part 104 a to constitute a part of the combustion chamber 20 .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the second part 104b is provided with a flow channel, and the flow channel can extend along the length direction of the pre-detonation tube 101 , that is, the left-right direction. One end of the second part 104b is connected to the first part 104a, and the other end is connected to the pre-detonation tube 101. The second part 104b and the pre-detonation tube 101 can be connected in a detachable manner, for example, screw connection, etc., to facilitate disassembly and assembly. The flow channel of the second part 104b communicates with the mixing chamber 101a in the pre-detonation tube 101 .

In the structure in which the mounting seat 104 is not provided with the second part 104b, the first part 104a can be directly connected with the pre-detonation tube 101, and the connection method can be screw connection or the like. A communication port 104c is provided in the first portion 104a, and the combustion chamber 20 and the mixing chamber 101a are communicated through the communication port 104c. The communication port 104c is also the channel 30 . The specific structure of the channel 30 varies depending on the structure of the mounting seat 104. In the structure where the first part 104a is connected to the pre-detonation tube 101, the communication port 104c is also used as the channel 30. Through holes, or stepped holes, etc. In the structure in which the first part 104a and the second part 104b are connected to the pre-detonation tube 101 , the communication port 104c provided in the first part 104a and the flow channel of the second part 104b together form the channel 30 . It can be seen that along the length direction of the pre-detonation tube 101 , that is, the left-right direction in FIG. 1 , the size and shape of the channel 30 vary with the structure of the mounting seat 104 .

Wherein, the shutter 103 can be rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 104 through the rotating shaft 106 . The rotating shaft 106 is used to provide support for the rotation of the shutter 103 to ensure the stability of rotation. The rotating shaft 106 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 104 , and the shutter 103 and the rotating shaft 106 are both fixed and rotate relative to the mounting base 104 . Alternatively, the rotating shaft 106 is fixed on the mounting seat 104 , and the shutter 103 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 106 .

The shutter 103 may be arranged at the end of the channel 30 or at the middle of the channel 30 or the like. The shutter 103 is configured to expose at least part of the communication port 104c to conduct the passage 30 (as shown in FIG. 3 ), and is configured to cover the communication port 104c to block the passage 30 (as shown in FIG. 1 ). By arranging the mounting seat 104 and different structural forms of the mounting seat 104, the diversity of the ignition structure 10 is improved, and different passages 30 are obtained to meet the needs of different engines. By installing the shutter 103 on the mounting seat 104 and connecting the mounting seat 104 with the pre-explosion tube 101, the integrated assembly of the ignition structure 10 can be realized, the integration degree of the product can be improved, and the assembly efficiency can be improved.

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the mixing chamber 101a is designed with a variable cross-section, and along the axial direction of the pre-detonation tube 101, that is, the length direction, the mixing chamber 101a is cut in the direction of the combustion chamber 20. The area can be gradually reduced. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1 , the mixing chamber 101a includes a region with a constant cross-sectional area and a region with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area. As a whole, the mixing chamber 101a is designed in a constricted shape toward the combustion chamber 20 . Designing the mixing cavity 101a to be narrowed can reduce the contact area between the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 101 and the shielding member 103, improve the impact force of the detonation wave on the shielding member 103, and also improve the blocking member 103. The speed of rotation shortens the ignition cycle of the engine as a whole.

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the first portion 104 a is provided with a first groove 104 d and a second groove 104 e that communicate along the axial direction of the pre-detonation tube 101 . The second groove 104e is closer to the mixing chamber 101a than the first groove 104d. Wherein, the opening size of the first groove 104d is larger than the opening size of the second groove 104e. As shown in FIG. 2 , the shutter 103 can be embedded in the first groove 104d. The first groove 104d is the installation groove. As shown in FIG. 1 , before or after the ignition structure 10 is ignited, the profile of the shield 103 close to the combustion chamber 20 is substantially flush with the outer edge of the first groove 104d. As shown in FIG. 1 , the shield 103 is One side profile of 103 continuously transitions with the outer edge of the first groove 104d, which together can form a circular arc surface. The second groove 104e penetrates the plate body of the first part 104a, that is, penetrates the plate body along the left-right direction. The left side of the second groove 104e communicates with the first groove 104d, and the right side communicates with the mixing chamber 101a. The second groove 104e may communicate with the mixing chamber 101a directly or indirectly. The second groove 104e is the communication port 104c. Setting the shutter 103 to be embedded in the first groove 104d reduces the space occupied by the shutter 103 on the combustion chamber 20 of the engine, and also avoids the shutter 103 from affecting the combustion airflow flow field in the combustion chamber 20 .

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2 , the opening size of the first groove 104d is designed to be larger than the opening size of the second groove 104e, and along the axial direction of the pre-detonation tube 101, the projection of the shield 103 covers The projection of the second groove 104e along the axial direction. The shutter 103 is a baffle extending along the radial direction of the pre-detonation tube 101, and the baffle includes a shielding portion 103a and a mounting portion 103b that are sequentially connected along the radial direction of the pre-detonation tube 101. 106 is rotatably connected to the mount 104 . The boundaries of the shielding portion 103a and the mounting portion 103b of the shielding member 103 along the radial direction of the pre-detonation tube 101 may both exceed the opening boundary of the second groove 104e, so that the shielding member 103 is in communication with the second groove 104e in the up-down direction. The shielding of the port 104c is beneficial to improve the sealing performance in the combustion chamber 20, and can also improve the overall combustion performance of the engine.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , an overcurrent gap 40 is left between the shielding portion 103a and the groove bottom of the first groove 104d. The detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 101 can be drained by using the overcurrent gap 40 to improve the unidirectional flow performance of the detonation wave, so that the shield 103 rotates relative to the mounting seat 104 under the impact force of the detonation wave, In order to expose the part of the communication port 104c, that is, the part of the second groove 104e, the passage 30 between the mixing chamber 101a and the combustion chamber 20 of the engine is conducted, and the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 101 passes through the passage 30. The flow gap 40 enters into the combustion chamber 20 to generate an initial detonation wave in the combustion chamber 20 to complete the ignition operation of the engine.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the flow gap 40 can be designed to have an unequal flow area, that is, when the detonation wave generated in the mixing chamber 101a passes through the flow gap 40, the flow area of the flow gap 40 changes from large to small. , which can reduce the dispersion of the detonation wave, and is also conducive to the formation of an initial detonation wave propagating in a single direction in the combustion chamber 20 .

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , an avoidance gap 50 is left between the mounting portion 103b of the shutter 103 and the groove bottom of the first groove 104d. Wherein, the avoidance gap 50 is used to provide avoidance when the shutter 103 rotates, and the groove bottom of the first groove 104d is used to limit the position of the shutter 103 after rotation, so as to increase the rotation angle of the shutter 103 It can also ensure the consistency of the rotation angle of the shutter 103 in multiple ignition operations.

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the shielding portion 103a includes a first board surface 103c and a second board surface 103d. The first plate surface 103c is located on the side close to the combustion chamber 20 . The second plate surface 103d is disposed opposite to the first plate surface 103c, and is located on the side close to the mixing chamber 101a. The first plate surface 103c can be set as a circular arc surface as shown in FIG. 3 , and can extend to the mounting portion 103b in the up-down direction. The second board surface 103d can be set as an inclined surface as shown in FIG. 3 . The gap between the second plate surface 103d and the groove bottom of the first groove 104d is the overcurrent gap 40 . As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the upper end of the second plate surface 103d is inclined in a direction closer to the combustion chamber 20 than the lower end, so as to guide the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 101 toward one side of the combustion chamber 20 . , so as to improve the flow performance of detonation wave transmission, and the diversion structure is simple and reliable.

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , ignition structure 10 further includes a reset mechanism 105 . The reset mechanism 105 cooperates with the mounting seat 104 and the shutter 103, and is configured to deform under the impact force of the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 101, so that the shutter 103 exposes a part or all of the communication port 104c, So that the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 101 is transmitted to the combustion chamber 20 . The reset mechanism 105 can reset under the action of its own reset elastic force to drive the shutter 103 to reset, so as to block the communication port 104c, that is, to cut off the mixing chamber 101a of the pre-detonation tube 101 and the combustion chamber 20.

The reset mechanism 105 can be arranged between the mounting seat 104 and the shutter 103, and the reset mechanism 105 can be a spring, a torsion spring, or a combination of different elastic members. One or more springs can be provided. A spring can be arranged on the shielding part 103a of the shielding member 103, and a spring can be arranged on the mounting part 103b. When the shielding member 103 rotates, one spring is tensioned, the other spring is compressed, and both springs are deformed. When the shutter 103 is reset, the two springs are also reset. That is, the reset mechanism 105 is configured to deform under the impact force of the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 101 .

The reset mechanism 105 can abut between the mounting seat 104 and the shutter 103 , or connect one end of the reset mechanism 105 to the mounting seat 104 and the other end to the shutter 103 by setting a connection structure (not shown in the figure). . For example, the connection structure may be provided as a hanging hole or the like. When the reset mechanism 105 is configured as a torsion spring, the torsion spring can be sleeved on the rotating shaft 106 , one torsion arm of the torsion spring can be connected to the shutter 103 , and the other torsion arm can be connected to the mounting seat 104 . The connection method can be that the torsion arm is inserted into the shutter 103 , or inserted into the insertion slot (not shown in the figure) provided on the shutter 103 , or abutted on the board surface of the shutter 103 . Wait. Using the reset mechanism 105 disposed between the mounting base 104 and the shutter 103 can improve the movement stability of the shutter 103 during the rotation process, avoid abnormal knocking noise during movement, and improve the quality of the movement.

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4 , the mounting portion 103b further includes a first upright plate 103e and a second upright plate 103f that are oppositely disposed. Both the first vertical plate 103 e and the second vertical plate 103 f extend in a direction away from the combustion chamber 20 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the first vertical plate 103e, the second vertical plate 103f and other parts of the mounting portion 103b together enclose the sinking groove 103g. A shaft hole (not shown in the figure) for installing the rotating shaft 106 is provided on the groove wall of the sinking groove 103g. The rotating shaft 106 is penetrated through the shaft hole and is partially located in the sinking groove 103g. The reset mechanism 105 can be installed on the rotating shaft 106. on the shaft segment in the sink groove 103g. For example, one end of the rotating shaft 106 passes through the first vertical plate 103e and the second vertical plate 103f in turn, and a torsion spring is sleeved on the shaft section of the rotating shaft 106 between the first vertical plate 103e and the second vertical plate 103f, so as to improve the torque The stability of the matching structure of the spring, the rotating shaft 106 , the shutter 103 and the mounting seat 104 enables the product to obtain higher reliability. One torsion arm of the torsion spring can abut on the plate surface of the shutter 103 located between the first vertical plate 103e and the second vertical plate 103f, that is, abut on one groove wall of the sink groove 103g, and the other torsion arm Can abut on the mounting seat 104 . As shown in FIG. 2 , the other torsion arm of the torsion spring abuts on the groove bottom of the first groove 104d.

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the ignition structure 10 further includes a nozzle 107 . The nozzle 107 is installed in the pre-detonation tube 101 . The nozzle 107 is provided with an ejection flow passage 107a, a first inlet 107c, a second inlet 107d, and an ejection port 107b. The first inlet 107c, the second inlet 107d and the injection port 107b are all communicated with the injection flow channel 107a. One or more injection ports 107b may be provided. One or more of the first inlets 107c may be provided. One or more of the second inlets 107d may be provided. The shapes of the injection port 107b, the first inlet 107c and the second inlet 107d may be the same or different.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , the nozzle 107 may extend in the left-right direction, and part or all of the nozzle 107 extends from the mixing chamber 101a, penetrates the fuel chamber 101e, and extends into the oxidant chamber 101d. The injection port 107b is used to communicate the injection channel 107a and the mixing chamber 101a. For example, the injection port 107b may be provided in the region where the nozzle 107 remains in the mixing chamber 101a. The first inlet 107c is disposed in the region where the nozzle 107 extends into the oxidant chamber 101d, and is used for connecting the injection flow channel 107a with the oxidant chamber 101d. The second inlet 107d is provided at a portion of the nozzle 107 penetrating the fuel chamber 101e, and is used to communicate the injection flow passage 107a with the fuel chamber 101e. Wherein, the nozzle 107 is configured to inject the substance entering the injection channel 107a into the mixing chamber 101a through the injection port 107b, so that the igniter 102 can perform the ignition operation.

Another embodiment of the present application provides a combustion chamber structure. The combustion chamber structure includes a combustion chamber 20 and the ignition structure 10 described in any of the above embodiments fixed on the combustion chamber 20 . Therefore, the combustion chamber structure has all the above-mentioned beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the combustion chamber 20 may be configured as an annular combustion chamber, and the mount 104 of the ignition structure 10 includes an arcuate plate that forms part of the annular combustion chamber to The overall structure of the combustion chamber is simplified and the weight of the entire product is reduced. The annular combustion chamber can be spliced together by welding and other methods, the connection is reliable, and the overall shape of the annular combustion chamber is less affected.

In yet another embodiment of the present application, an engine is provided. The engine includes the combustion chamber structure described in any of the above embodiments, and thus has all the above beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.

In the description herein, the terms "upper", "lower", "one side", "the other side", "one end", "the other end", "side", "opposite", "four corners", "periphery" The orientations or positional relationships indicated by etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the structures referred to have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. construction and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on this document.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "direct connection", "indirect connection", "fixed connection", "installation" and "assembly" should be interpreted in a broad sense, For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; the terms "installation", "connection" and "fixed connection" may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be two elements Internal connectivity. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the text can be understood in specific situations.

Although the embodiments disclosed herein are as above, the described contents are only the embodiments adopted to facilitate the understanding of this document, and are not intended to limit this document. Any person skilled in the art to which this article belongs, without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in this article, can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation, but the scope of patent protection in this article must still be based on the appended The claims defined shall prevail.

Claims (15)

1. an ignition structure, is characterized in that, comprises: a pre-detonation tube, which is provided with a mixing chamber and an oxidant inlet and a fuel inlet communicated with the mixing chamber; an igniter in communication with the mixing chamber; and a shutter, arranged between the mixing chamber and the engine combustion chamber, and configured to conduct or cut off the mixing chamber and the engine combustion chamber; Wherein, the shutter is set to move under the impact force of the detonation wave in the pre-detonation tube, so as to conduct the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine, and can be reset under the impact force of the detonation wave in the combustion chamber, to isolate the mixing chamber from the combustion chamber of the engine. 2 . The ignition structure according to claim 1 , wherein the ignition structure further comprises a mounting seat connected with the pre-detonation tube, and the mounting seat is provided with a passage connecting the mixing chamber and the combustion chamber of the engine. 3 . , the port of the passage communicating with the combustion chamber of the engine is denoted as a communication port; Wherein, the shutter is rotatably mounted to the mounting seat through a rotating shaft, and the shutter is configured to expose at least part of the communication port to conduct the passage to communicate the mixing chamber with the combustion chamber of the engine, and It is arranged to block the communication port to block the passage to block the mixing chamber from the combustion chamber of the engine. 3 . The ignition structure according to claim 2 , wherein the mounting seat is provided with a mounting groove, and the shutter is embedded in the mounting groove. 4 . 4. The ignition structure according to claim 3, wherein an overcurrent gap is left between the shutter and the groove bottom of the installation groove; Wherein, the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube pushes the shutter to rotate through the overflow gap to enter the combustion chamber. 5 . The ignition structure according to claim 4 , wherein the shielding member is a baffle plate extending along the radial direction of the pre-detonation tube, and the baffle plate comprises a series of baffle plates along the radial direction of the pre-detonation tube. 6 . The shielding portion and the mounting portion are connected, the end of the mounting portion close to the shielding portion is rotatably connected to the mounting seat through the rotating shaft, and an overcurrent is left between the shielding portion and the bottom of the mounting groove clearance, there is an avoidance clearance between the mounting portion and the bottom of the mounting groove; Wherein, the avoidance gap is used to provide avoidance when the shutter is rotated, and the groove bottom of the installation slot is used to limit the position of the rotated shutter. 6. The ignition structure of claim 5, wherein the shielding portion comprises: a first plate surface, located on the side close to the combustion chamber; a second plate surface arranged opposite to the first plate surface, the second plate surface is an inclined surface, and the gap between the second plate surface and the groove bottom of the installation groove is the overcurrent gap; Wherein, the second plate surface is used to guide the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube toward one side of the combustion chamber. 7 . The ignition structure according to claim 5 , wherein the mounting portion is provided with a sinker groove, and the wall of the sinker groove is provided with a shaft hole for installing the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft passes through the and part of the shaft hole is located in the sink. 8. The ignition structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the ignition structure further comprises a reset mechanism; The reset mechanism is matched with the mounting seat and the shutter, and is configured to be deformed under the impact force of the detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube, so that the shutter is exposed to the communication port. At least a part of the shutter can be reset under the action of the reset elastic force to drive the shutter to reset. 9. The ignition structure of claim 8, wherein The reset mechanism includes a torsion spring sleeved on the rotating shaft, one torsion arm of the torsion spring is matched with the shutter, and the other torsion arm is matched with the mounting seat. 10. The ignition structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pre-detonation tube further comprises an oxidant chamber and a fuel chamber communicated with the mixing chamber; The oxidant inlet is provided in the oxidant cavity for delivering oxidant into the oxidant cavity; the fuel inlet is provided in the fuel cavity for delivering fuel into the fuel cavity. 11. The ignition structure of claim 10, wherein the ignition structure further comprises a nozzle installed in the pre-detonation tube; The nozzle is provided with a jetting channel, an inlet and a jetting port communicating with the jetting channel; the jetting port is used to communicate the jetting channel and the mixing chamber; the inlet includes a first inlet and a second an inlet, the first inlet is used for connecting the injection channel and the oxidant chamber; the second inlet is used for connecting the injection channel and the fuel chamber; Wherein, the nozzle is configured to spray the substance entering the spray channel into the mixing chamber through the spray port. 12. The ignition structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the mixing chamber is designed in a constricted shape toward the direction close to the combustion chamber. 13. A combustion chamber structure, characterized by comprising a combustion chamber and an ignition structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 fixed to the combustion chamber. 14. The combustion chamber structure according to claim 13, wherein the ignition structure is set as the ignition structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7; The combustion chamber is an annular combustion chamber, and the mounting seat includes an arc-shaped plate, and the arc-shaped plate constitutes a part of the annular combustion chamber. 15. An engine comprising a combustion chamber structure as claimed in claim 13 or 14.

Images