CN115179716A - An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerated vehicle utilizing natural cold source and its refrigeration method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerated truck utilizing natural cold source and a refrigeration method thereof, comprising a refrigeration unit and a cold storage unit arranged on the refrigerated truck; the refrigeration unit comprises a compressor connected to a circulating pipeline through a working fluid pipeline , condenser and evaporator; the cold storage unit includes a cold storage system, and the cold storage system is a heat exchanger structure. The invention connects the outside world and the cold storage system through the air cooler, and transmits the cold source to the vehicle for cooling supply and cold storage; through the interaction between the refrigerant in the tube-side circuit of the cold-storage system and the cold storage liquid in the shell-side circuit, the natural cold source is utilized to the greatest extent. , improve the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigerated truck; the present invention can make full use of the natural cold source to provide cooling capacity for the refrigeration system of the refrigerated truck during the long-distance cross-regional cold chain logistics transportation, so as to improve the utilization rate of natural clean energy and the refrigeration system of the refrigerated truck cooling rate.

Description

An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerated vehicle utilizing natural cold source and its refrigeration method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerated vehicles, in particular to an energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerated vehicle utilizing a natural cold source and a refrigeration method thereof.

Background technique

With social development and technological progress, people's requirements for food preservation are getting higher and higher, and cold chain logistics has been widely used in logistics and transportation. As the main transportation equipment of cold chain logistics, refrigerated trucks are used to maintain the temperature of frozen or fresh-keeping goods. They are often used to transport refrigerated food, fresh vegetables and fruits, vaccines and drugs and other ingredients and items that have strict temperature control requirements. In refrigerated transportation play an important role.

The refrigerated truck is equipped with a refrigeration unit to provide cooling for the refrigerated truck. With the development of the cold chain transportation market, in order to save costs, users directly load and transport the items that need to be cooled and stored, hoping to rely on the refrigeration unit of the refrigerated truck to cool down. In order to maintain the freshness of the food, the refrigeration rate of the refrigerated truck needs to meet higher requirements. Existing refrigerated trucks use traditional refrigeration systems, and the refrigeration rate is not enough to meet the current market development needs.

At the same time, from the perspective of environmental protection and energy saving, natural cold source refrigerated trucks will have broad development prospects in the future market. The current technology of refrigerated trucks is not mature enough, which is greatly affected by weather factors, and its use is limited in extreme weather environments.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the background technology, the present invention proposes an energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerated vehicle utilizing a natural cold source and a refrigeration method thereof, which solves the problem that the natural cold source refrigerated vehicle in the prior art is greatly affected by weather factors.

The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:

An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerated truck utilizing natural cold source, comprising a refrigeration unit, a cold storage unit and a control unit arranged on the refrigerated truck; the refrigeration unit shown includes a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, and the compressor, the condenser and the The evaporator is connected to a circulating pipeline through the working fluid pipeline; the cold storage unit shown includes a cold storage system, the cold storage system is a heat exchanger structure. Road loop connection.

Further, the cold storage system includes a casing and a coil arranged in the casing, and a refrigerant is arranged in the coil.

Further, a refrigerant is provided in the working fluid pipeline.

Further, both ends of the coil are connected to the working fluid pipeline, and the connection between the coil and the working fluid pipeline is located between the condenser and the evaporator.

Further, one end of the coil close to the condenser is connected to the working fluid pipeline through a three-way valve two-; the working fluid pipeline is provided with a throttle valve, and the throttle valve is located at the other end of the coil and the evaporator. between.

Further, the cold storage unit further includes an air cooler, and the air cooler is communicated with the shell side of the cold storage system and the interior of the refrigerated vehicle.

Further, the cold storage unit further includes a fluorine pump and a liquid accumulator, and the air cooler communicates with the inside of the refrigerated vehicle through the liquid accumulator and the fluorine pump.

Further, the control unit includes an intelligent temperature control device; the control unit is connected to both the cold storage unit and the cold storage unit.

A refrigeration method includes a working method A of a refrigeration unit, and the working method A of the refrigeration unit includes the following steps:

A1. The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is sucked by the compressor and compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas, and the refrigerant gas is superheated gas;

A2. The refrigerant gas is discharged from the compressor and then enters the condenser, where it is condensed to form a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant;

A3. After the high temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled by the expansion valve, it forms a low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant;

A4. The low temperature and low liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator, absorbs a large amount of heat around it, boils, evaporates and evaporates into a low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant, and enters the compressor to cycle.

Further, the refrigeration method includes the working method B of the cold storage unit, and the working method B of the cold storage unit includes the following steps:

B1. The cold storage system absorbs the natural cold source, and part of it is absorbed by the cold storage system through the air cooler, so that the cold storage material in the shell-side loop of the coil solidifies and stores cold, and part of it enters the refrigerated vehicle directly through the fluorine pump for cooling; when the ambient temperature is higher than the first When the set temperature is lower than the second set temperature, the air cooler absorbs the external natural cold source to supply cooling to the refrigerated vehicle; when the ambient temperature is higher than the second set temperature, the refrigerant liquid passing through the coil tube-side loop is removed from the shell. The solid cold storage material in the process circuit is melted and supercooled, and the supercooled refrigerant liquid is throttled and cooled by the expansion valve, and then supplied to the evaporator for evaporative cooling to reduce the air temperature in the refrigerated vehicle;

B2. While the step B1 is being performed, when the intelligent temperature control device detects that the ambient temperature is lower than the second set temperature, the air cooler starts to operate, and the cold source absorbed by the air cooler is stored in the liquid storage tank, and a part of the The fluorine pump leads to the inside of the refrigerated vehicle to reduce the air temperature, and the other part is used by the cold storage system to realize the refrigeration cycle; when the intelligent temperature control device monitors the second set temperature of the ambient temperature, the air cooler stops running.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention utilizes the intelligent temperature control device to control the system as a whole, so that the system can complete corresponding cycles under different ambient temperatures; the three-way valve is used as the connection hub between the refrigeration unit and the cold storage unit, and according to the intelligent temperature control device Control and control loop orientation; connect the outside world and the cold storage system through the air cooler, and transmit the cold source to the vehicle for cooling supply and cold storage; Utilize natural cold sources to improve the refrigeration efficiency of refrigerated vehicles; in the long-distance cross-regional cold chain logistics transportation, the present invention can fully utilize natural cold sources to provide cooling capacity for the refrigeration system of refrigerated vehicles, thereby improving the utilization rate of natural clean energy and improving energy efficiency. The cooling rate of the refrigeration system of the refrigerated truck.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, which are common in the art. As far as technical personnel are concerned, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cold storage system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , an energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerated vehicle utilizing a natural cold source described in Embodiment 1 and a refrigeration method thereof include a refrigeration unit, a cold storage unit and a control unit arranged on the refrigerated vehicle; The refrigeration unit includes a compressor 1, a condenser 9 and an evaporator 2, and the compressor 1, the condenser 9 and the evaporator 2 are sequentially connected through the working fluid pipeline to form a circulation pipeline; the cold storage unit shown includes a cold storage system 4, and the cold storage The system 4 is a coil type heat exchanger structure. The cold storage system 4 includes a shell and a coil 11 arranged in the shell. The shell of the cold storage system 4, that is, the shell side is provided with a solid cold storage material 12. There is a refrigerant 13 in the tube side, that is, the coil 11 and the working fluid pipeline. The inlet and outlet of the tube side of the cold storage system 4 are cyclically connected to the working fluid pipeline to form a loop. The cool storage material 10 may be a cool storage agent or a cool storage liquid. The cold storage system 4 utilizes the natural cold source outside the refrigerated vehicle to realize the supercooling cycle in the refrigerated vehicle. Through the interaction between the refrigerant 13 in the tube-side circuit of the cold-storage system 4 and the cold-storage material 10 in the shell-side circuit, the natural cold source is utilized to the maximum extent, and the refrigeration efficiency of the refrigerated vehicle is improved.

Further, both ends of the coil 11 are connected to the working fluid pipeline, and the connection between the coil 11 and the working fluid pipeline is located between the condenser 9 and the evaporator 2 . One end of the coil 11 close to the condenser 9 is connected to the working fluid pipeline through a three-way valve 2 5-2; a throttle is provided at the position between the other end of the coil 11 and the evaporator 2 on the working fluid pipeline. valve 3. In this embodiment, the inlet end of the coil 11 is connected to the working fluid pipeline through the three-way valve 2 5 - 2 , and the throttle valve 3 is arranged between the outlet end of the coil 11 and the evaporator 2 .

Embodiment 2 is different from Embodiment 1 in that the cold storage unit further includes an air cooler 8, and the air cooler 8 includes a fan and a coil. The air cooler 8 is connected to the inside of the refrigerated vehicle to form a circulation pipeline, and the shell side of the cold storage system 4 is connected to the circulation pipeline to form a loop. And the shell side of the cold storage system 4 is communicated with the connecting pipeline between the air cooler 8 and the inside of the refrigerated vehicle through a three-way valve-5-1. The air cooler 8 is composed of a fan and a coil, which absorbs the natural cold source outside the refrigerated vehicle and exchanges heat to the outside. The air cooler 8 uses the air to continuously exchange heat, and transfers the heat to the air, so as to realize the rational utilization of the natural cold source and the efficient cooling of the refrigerated vehicle, and at the same time achieve the purpose of energy saving. The three-way valve one 5-1 is controlled by the control unit to control the direction of the fluid.

Further, the cold storage unit further includes a fluorine pump 6 and a liquid accumulator 7 , and the air cooler 8 communicates with the inside of the refrigerated vehicle through the liquid accumulator 7 and the fluorine pump 6 . The fluorine pump 6 utilizes the mechanical action of the pump to overcome part of the resistance loss in the system, realize long-distance transportation of refrigerant liquid, and complete the transportation of natural cold source from the liquid accumulator 7 to the cold storage system 4 and the interior of the refrigerated vehicle.

Embodiment 3 is different from Embodiment 2 in that the control unit includes an intelligent temperature control device 10, and the intelligent temperature control device 10 is composed of a temperature control system and an electronic display screen. The intelligent temperature control device 10 includes a temperature sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor automatically samples the ambient temperature and monitors it in real time. The intelligent temperature control device 10 is connected with the air cooler 8, the cold storage system 4, the compressor 1, the fluorine pump 6, the two-way valve 5-2, and the three-way valve one 5-1. The intelligent temperature control device 10 controls the refrigeration cycle of the entire refrigerated truck system, so as to realize the full utilization of the natural cold source by the refrigerated truck at high and low temperatures in different regions.

A refrigeration method, including the working method A of the refrigeration unit, when the temperature is lower than T1, in the working state, the compressor ₁ starts, the refrigeration unit completes the refrigeration cycle, and part of the obtained cold energy is used, and part is stored in the cold storage. system 4. The working method A of the refrigeration unit includes the following steps:

A1. During the compression process of the refrigeration unit, the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant 13 is sucked by the compressor 1 and compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas. The state of the refrigerant 13 does not change, but the temperature and pressure continue to rise, resulting in overheating. gas;

A2. The refrigerant 13 gas is discharged from the compressor 1 and then enters the condenser 9. During the condensation process, the state of the refrigerant 13 changes, gradually transforming from a gaseous state to a liquid state, and the condensed refrigerant 13 liquid is in a state of high temperature and high pressure;

A3. After the high temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant 13 is throttled by the throttle valve 3, the pressure is reduced to form the low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant 13;

A4. The low temperature and low liquid refrigerant 13 enters the evaporator 2, absorbs a large amount of heat around it, boils, evaporates and evaporates into a low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant 13, and enters the compressor 1 to work in a cycle.

Further, the refrigeration method includes the working method B of the cold storage unit, and the working method B of the cold storage unit includes the following steps:

In the non-working state, when the compressor 1 is not started, a part of the natural cold source is absorbed by the cold storage system 4 through the air cooler 8, so that the cold storage material 12 in the shell side circuit of the coil 11 solidifies and stores cold, and part of the natural cold source directly enters the refrigerated vehicle through the fluorine pump 6. Cooling; when the temperature is higher _than T1 and lower _than T2, the electronic screen of the intelligent temperature control device sends a signal, and the air cooler 8 absorbs the external natural cold source and directly supplies cooling to the refrigerated vehicle; when the temperature is higher _than T2 , the electronic screen of the intelligent temperature control device sends a signal, if the cold storage capacity in the cold storage system 4 is sufficient, the refrigerant 13 liquid passing through the coil 11 pipe loop in the cold storage system 4 is melted by the solid cold storage material 12 of the shell loop and supercooled. The cooled refrigerant 13 liquid is throttled and cooled by the throttle valve 3 in the refrigerated vehicle, and then supplied to the evaporator 2 for evaporative cooling. If the cold storage capacity in the cold storage system 4 is insufficient, the refrigeration unit works alone to complete the refrigeration, and leads to the refrigerated vehicle to reduce the air temperature and further improve the refrigeration efficiency.

The air cooler 8 exchanges heat to the outside while absorbing the natural cold source outside the refrigerated vehicle. When the intelligent temperature control device 10 monitors that the ambient temperature is lower than T ₂ , the air cooler 8 starts to operate, and the natural cold source absorbed by the air cooler 8 is stored in the liquid storage tank 7 , and part of it flows through the fluorine pump 6 to the inside of the refrigerated vehicle for use. In order to reduce the air temperature, the other part is utilized by the cold storage system 4 to realize the refrigeration cycle. When the intelligent temperature control device 10 monitors that the ambient temperature is higher than T2, the air cooler ₈ stops running.

The refrigerated truck of the present invention can be applied to various situations in the cold chain transportation process. In the process of transporting fresh fruits and vegetables from a low temperature area to a high temperature area, the system can make full use of the natural cold source to improve energy utilization and refrigeration efficiency. In low temperature areas, the cold storage system is used to absorb low temperature and low pressure cold sources and store them for subsequent use. When the refrigerated truck passes through a high temperature area, the temperature controller detects that the ambient temperature rises, and the cold storage system will release the cold energy previously stored in the cold storage system, so that it can be fully utilized in the refrigeration cycle system, so as to achieve the use of natural cold sources. effect, improve cooling efficiency. In areas with a large temperature difference between day and night, the system utilizes its climatic characteristics to directly utilize the natural cold source in the environment for cooling at night and store the cold source through the cold storage system. When the temperature increases during the day, the stored cold amount to use. In addition, even if the engine of the refrigerated truck is not started, the air cooler and the fluorine pump can work, and the natural cold source in the low temperature environment is transported to the cold storage system or directly into the refrigerated truck for cooling. The invention effectively utilizes the natural cold source through the cold storage and supercooling functions of the cold storage system, so that the refrigerated truck is more efficient and energy-saving on the basis of traditional refrigeration and fresh-keeping.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an utilize energy-conserving high-efficient refrigerator car of nature cold source which characterized in that: the refrigerator comprises a refrigeration unit, a cold storage unit and a control unit which are arranged on a refrigerator car; the refrigeration unit comprises a compressor (1), a condenser (9) and an evaporator (2), and the compressor (1), the condenser (9) and the evaporator (2) are connected into a circulating pipeline through working medium pipelines; the cold storage unit comprises a cold storage system (4), the cold storage system (4) is of a heat exchanger structure, a cold storage material (12) is arranged in a shell of the cold storage system (4), and a tube pass of the cold storage system (4) is in circulating connection with a working medium pipeline.

2. The energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cold accumulation system (4) comprises a shell and a coil (11) arranged in the shell, and a refrigerant (13) is arranged in the coil (11).

3. The energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a refrigerant (13) is arranged in the working medium pipeline.

4. An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: both ends of the coil pipe (11) are connected with a working medium pipeline, and the joint of the coil pipe (11) and the working medium pipeline is positioned between the condenser (9) and the evaporator (2).

5. An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 4, wherein: one end of the coil pipe (11) close to the condenser (9) is connected with a working medium pipeline through a second three-way valve (5-2); and a throttle valve (3) is arranged on the working medium pipeline, and the throttle valve (3) is positioned between the other end of the coil pipe (11) and the evaporator (2).

6. An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 5, wherein: the cold storage unit further comprises an air cooler (8), and the air cooler (8) is communicated with the shell pass of the cold storage system (4) and the interior of the refrigerator car.

7. The energy-saving and efficient refrigerator car using a natural cooling source as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the cold storage unit further comprises a fluorine pump (6) and a liquid storage device (7), and the air cooler (8) is communicated with the interior of the refrigerator car through the liquid storage device (7) and the fluorine pump (6).

8. An energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using a natural cold source as claimed in claim 2, 3, 5 or 7, wherein: the control unit comprises an intelligent temperature control device (10); the control unit is connected with the cold storage unit and the cold storage unit.

9. A refrigeration method, which is characterized in that the energy-saving and high-efficiency refrigerator car using the natural cold source as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises an operating method A of a refrigeration unit, wherein the operating method A of the refrigeration unit comprises the following steps:

A1. a low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant (13) is sucked by the compressor (1) and compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant (13) gas;

A2. the gas of the refrigerant (13) is discharged from the compressor (1) and then enters the condenser (9) to form a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant (13) after condensation;

A3. the high-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant (13) is throttled by the throttle valve (3) to form a low-temperature low-pressure liquid refrigerant (13);

A4. the low-temperature low-liquid refrigerant (13) enters the evaporator (2), absorbs a large amount of ambient heat, is boiled, evaporated and changed into the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant (13), and enters the compressor (1) to circularly work.

10. A refrigeration method according to claim 9, wherein: the refrigeration method comprises a working method B of the cold storage unit, and the working method B of the cold storage unit comprises the following steps:

B1. the cold accumulation system (4) absorbs a natural cold source, one part of the cold accumulation system is absorbed by the cold accumulation system (4) through the air cooler (8), so that the cold accumulation material (12) of the shell pass loop of the coil pipe (11) is solidified for cold accumulation, and the other part of the cold accumulation material directly enters the refrigerator car for cold supply through the fluorine pump (6); when the ambient temperature is higher than the first set temperature and lower than the second set temperature, the air cooler (8) absorbs an external natural cold source to supply cold to the refrigerated truck; when the ambient temperature is higher than a second set temperature, the liquid of the refrigerant (13) passing through the tube pass loop of the coil (11) is melted and supercooled by the solid cold storage material (12) of the shell pass loop, and the supercooled liquid of the refrigerant (13) is throttled and cooled by the expansion valve (7) and then is supplied to the evaporator (2) for evaporation and refrigeration so as to reduce the air temperature in the refrigerator car;

B2. when the intelligent temperature control device (10) monitors that the ambient temperature is lower than a second set temperature while the step B1 is carried out, the air cooler (8) starts to operate, the cold source absorbed by the air cooler (8) is stored in the liquid storage tank (7), one part of the cold source flows through the fluorine pump (6) and is led into the refrigerated vehicle for reducing the air temperature, and the other part of the cold source is utilized by the cold storage system (4) to realize refrigeration cycle; when the intelligent temperature control device (10) monitors the second set temperature of the environment temperature, the air cooler (8) stops running.

Images