CN115173571B - High-temperature superconductive flywheel energy storage system of I-shaped permanent magnet rotor containing superconductors - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature superconductive flywheel energy storage system of an I-shaped permanent magnet rotor containing superconductors, which comprises a system frame, wherein a vacuum chamber is arranged in the system frame, and an energy storage flywheel and a driving motor are arranged in the vacuum chamber, and the high-temperature superconductive flywheel energy storage system is characterized in that: the energy storage flywheel comprises a superconducting stator and a permanent magnet-superconducting rotor, wherein the superconducting stator is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of a system frame, the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor is fixedly arranged on a suspension main shaft, the superconducting stator, the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor and the suspension main shaft are coaxially arranged, the driving motor is arranged on the inner side of the system frame and is positioned above the energy storage flywheel, and a vacuum interface and an electric interface are arranged at the top end of the system frame. The invention overcomes the defects brought to the system by the positioning of the axial bearing and the radial bearing, and the energy storage flywheel is axially positioned and radially positioned by itself, so that the stability of the energy storage flywheel in the rotating process is good, the structure is simple, the processing and maintenance cost is greatly reduced, and the invention is suitable for the technical field of electric energy storage.

Description

A high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system containing a superconductor-type permanent magnet rotor

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric energy storage. Specifically, it relates to a high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system with an I-type permanent magnet rotor containing a superconductor.

Background technique

When the flywheel energy storage system is storing energy, the electric energy is converted by the power converter and drives the motor to run. The motor drives the flywheel to accelerate and rotate. The flywheel stores the energy in the form of kinetic energy, completing the energy storage process of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The energy is stored at high speed. in the rotating flywheel; after that, the motor maintains a constant speed until it receives a control signal for energy release; when the energy is released, the high-speed rotating flywheel drives the motor to generate electricity, and the power converter outputs current and voltage suitable for the load. , complete the energy release process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The entire flywheel energy storage system realizes the process of input, storage and output of electric energy.

The high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system is a flywheel energy storage system with high efficiency and low loss. Its working principle is: the stator of the motor in the system is energized, driving the rotor of the motor to rotate, and the rotor of the motor drives the superconducting flywheel to accelerate through the suspended spindle. Rotation, energy storage, realizes the conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy; when the system needs to output energy as a generator, the kinetic energy stored in the superconducting flywheel converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the motor and delivers it. The contactless rotation of the suspended spindle in the system greatly reduces friction resistance and rotation loss, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the energy storage system.

In the existing technology, the high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system mainly consists of a drive motor, an axial bearing, a radial bearing and an energy storage flywheel. Parts of the radial bearing and the axial bearing need to be directly or indirectly fixed separately on the suspension. On the main shaft, it rotates with the main shaft during system operation to keep the energy storage flywheel and suspended main shaft stable in the axial direction. This structural form has high requirements for the suspension force of the suspended spindle, and strict requirements for the installation accuracy of each part of the structure. The equipment processing and maintenance costs are high.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system containing a superconductor-type permanent magnet rotor. The energy storage flywheel itself performs axial positioning and radial positioning to overcome the positioning of the system through axial bearings and radial bearings. the disadvantages brought about.

In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

A high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system with an I-type permanent magnet rotor containing a superconductor, including a system frame, a vacuum chamber is provided in the system frame, and an energy storage flywheel and a driving motor are provided in the vacuum chamber, which is characterized by: The energy storage flywheel includes a superconducting stator and a permanent magnet-superconducting rotor. The superconducting stator is fixed on the inner wall of the system frame. The permanent magnet-superconducting rotor is fixed on the suspended main shaft. The superconducting stator and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor are The suspended spindle is set coaxially, and the drive motor is located inside the system frame and above the energy storage flywheel. The top of the system frame is equipped with a vacuum interface and an electrical interface.

Further, the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor includes a non-magnetic stainless steel bracket, a permanent magnet rotor body and several groups of superconducting rotor bodies. The non-magnetic stainless steel bracket is set on the suspended spindle, and the permanent magnet rotor body is set on the non-magnetic stainless steel bracket. , several sets of superconducting rotor bodies are embedded in the permanent magnet rotor body and evenly arranged along its axial direction.

Furthermore, the non-magnetic stainless steel bracket has an I-shaped structure, including a bracket body and two protruding parts. The bracket body is a columnar structure and is set on the suspension spindle. The two protrusions are set on the suspension spindle and are respectively fixed on the suspension spindle. At both ends of the bracket body, the permanent magnet rotor body and several sets of superconducting rotor bodies are fixed between the two protrusions.

Further, the permanent magnet rotor body includes two end permanent magnet rotor bodies and several sets of intermediate permanent magnet rotor bodies. The two end permanent magnet rotor bodies are fixed on the lower ends of the two protruding parts of the non-magnetic stainless steel bracket, and several sets of super The guide rotor body is evenly arranged between the permanent magnet rotor bodies at both ends and is spaced apart from several sets of permanent magnet rotor bodies.

Further, the intermediate permanent magnet rotor bodies are in 2 groups, and the superconducting rotor bodies are in 3 groups. The 2 groups of intermediate permanent magnet rotor bodies and the 3 groups of superconducting rotor bodies are set on the outside of the bracket body and are arranged at intervals.

Further, the superconducting stator repels the upper end permanent magnet rotor body and attracts the lower end rotor body.

Further, the bracket body and the two protruding parts are integrally formed.

Further, the superconducting stator includes a stator body fixed on the inner wall of the system frame, and an air gap is provided between the stator body, the permanent magnet rotor body and the superconducting rotor body.

Further, the drive motor includes a motor stator and a motor rotor. The motor stator is fixed on the side wall at the top of the system frame and is connected to the system power supply through an electrical interface. The motor rotor is fixed on the top of the suspended spindle and is connected with the motor stator and storage. The superconducting stator and permanent magnet-superconducting rotor of the flywheel are coaxially arranged.

Further, the superconducting stator and the superconducting rotor body adopt superconducting block materials.

Since the present invention adopts the above structure, compared with the prior art, the technical progress achieved is:

(1) This invention overcomes the disadvantages of positioning the system through axial bearings and radial bearings. Compared with the traditional high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system, this system innovatively combines the radial bearings and shafts on the suspended main shaft. The radial bearing and flywheel are integrated into one, and the flywheel itself performs axial and radial positioning. The superconducting stator and permanent magnet-superconducting rotor of the energy storage flywheel act as radial bearings and axial bearings, ensuring that the suspended spindle There will be no large radial or axial offset during the rotation, ensuring the stability of the system operation. In addition, it also greatly reduces the requirements for the suspension force of the suspension spindle as well as the requirements for machining accuracy and installation accuracy;

(2) Among the permanent magnet configurations and superconducting configurations of the superconducting stator and permanent magnet-superconducting rotor of the energy storage flywheel, the protruding parts of the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor and the protruding parts of the superconducting stator have a greater The induction area of the superconducting stator and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor are mutually repulsive. The middle vertical part and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor can provide radial force, that is, the system can provide both radial and axial suspension force;

(3) The structure of the superconducting stator not only ensures a large levitation force, but also greatly reduces the manufacturing cost.

In summary, this system reduces the manufacturing cost of the system, reduces the weight of the suspended spindle, reduces the requirements for the suspension force of the suspended spindle, improves the system's operational stability, has a simple structure, and greatly reduces processing and maintenance costs. , suitable for the field of electrical energy storage technology.

Description of the drawings

The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

In the attached picture:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Labeled components: 1-vacuum interface, 2-electrical interface, 3-suspended spindle, 4-motor rotor, 5-motor stator, 6-end permanent magnet rotor body, 7-middle permanent magnet rotor body, 8-superconducting rotor Body, 9-superconducting stator, 10-system frame, 11-non-magnetic stainless steel bracket.

Detailed ways

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The invention discloses a high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system containing a superconductor-type permanent magnet rotor. As shown in Figure 1, it includes a system frame. A vacuum chamber is provided in the system frame, and an energy storage flywheel is provided in the vacuum chamber. and a driving motor, characterized in that: the energy storage flywheel includes a superconducting stator 9 and a permanent magnet-superconducting rotor. The superconducting stator 9 is fixed on the inner wall of the system frame, and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor is fixed on the suspended main shaft 3 On the top, the superconducting stator 9 is coaxially arranged with the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor and the suspended spindle 3. The drive motor is located inside the system frame and above the energy storage flywheel. The top of the system frame is provided with a vacuum interface 1 and an electrical interface 2. The drive motor includes a motor stator 5 and a motor rotor 4. The motor stator 5 is fixed on the side wall of the top of the system frame and is connected to the system power supply through the electrical interface 2. The motor rotor 4 is fixed on the top of the suspended spindle 3 and is connected to the motor. The stator 5, the superconducting stator 9 of the energy storage flywheel and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor are coaxially arranged. The superconducting stator 9 includes a stator body fixed on the inner wall of the system frame 10 . An air gap is provided between the stator body, the permanent magnet rotor body and the superconducting rotor body 8 .

There are vacuum interface 1 and electrical interface 2 on the top of the system frame. The system can discharge the air in the vacuum chamber through vacuum interface 1, so that the entire system is in a vacuum state, ensuring a good operating environment for the energy storage flywheel. Through the electrical interface 2, electric energy can be supplied and transmitted between the system and the outside.

As a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor includes a non-magnetic stainless steel bracket 11, a permanent magnet rotor body and several groups of superconducting rotor bodies 8. The non-magnetic stainless steel bracket 11 is set on the suspended main shaft 3. The permanent magnet rotor The main body is set on the non-magnetic stainless steel bracket 11, and several sets of superconducting rotor bodies 8 are embedded in the permanent magnet rotor body and evenly arranged along its axial direction. The permanent magnet rotor body includes two end permanent magnet rotor bodies 6 and several groups of intermediate permanent magnet rotor bodies 7. The two end permanent magnet rotor bodies 6 are fixed on the lower ends of the two protrusions of the non-magnetic stainless steel bracket 11, and several groups The superconducting rotor body 8 is evenly arranged between the permanent magnet rotor bodies 6 at both ends and is spaced apart from several groups of permanent magnet rotor bodies.

As a preferred embodiment, the non-magnetic stainless steel bracket 11 is an I-shaped structure, including a bracket body and two protrusions. The bracket body is a columnar structure and is set on the suspension spindle 3. The two protrusions are set on the suspension spindle. 3 and respectively fixed at both ends of the bracket body. The permanent magnet rotor body and several sets of superconducting rotor bodies 8 are fixed between the two protrusions. The bracket body and the two protruding parts are integrally formed. The superconducting stator 9 and the superconducting rotor body 8 are made of superconducting blocks.

As a preferred embodiment, specifically, in the present invention, the intermediate permanent magnet rotor bodies 7 are in 2 groups, the superconducting rotor bodies 8 are in 3 groups, 2 groups of intermediate permanent magnet rotor bodies 7 and 3 groups of superconducting rotors. The main body 8 is set on the outside of the bracket body and is arranged at intervals. The number and thickness of the permanent magnet rotor body and the superconducting rotor body 8 can be increased or reduced according to actual needs to meet actual needs.

The superconducting stator 9 repels the upper end permanent magnet rotor body 6 and attracts the lower end rotor body. The energy storage flywheel is composed of a permanent magnet-superconducting rotor and a superconducting stator 9. The superconducting part of the superconducting stator 9 and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor uses superconducting blocks, and the permanent magnet part uses permanent magnets. Since superconductors can exhibit both diamagnetic and paramagnetic magnetic moments under certain conditions, they can achieve both magnetic levitation and magnetic inversion. That is, the ends of the permanent magnet rotor body 6 and the protruding portion above the superconducting stator 9 are magnetically inverted. The end of the protruding part below the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor, the permanent magnet rotor body 6 and the protruding part on the side of the superconducting stator 9 are in the form of magnetic suspension.

The upper and lower protruding parts of the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor are combined with the protruding parts at both ends of the superconducting stator 9 to increase the induction area and also increase the distance between the superconducting stator 9 and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor. Due to the levitation force, the superconducting stator 9 repels the upper end permanent magnet rotor body 6 and attracts the lower end rotor body. Specifically, the superconducting stator 9 and the upper protruding part of the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor are repulsive. , the superconducting stator 9 and the protruding part below the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor are attractive forces. This structure can keep the energy storage flywheel relatively stable in the axial direction during operation, allowing the system to provide a larger axial direction during high-speed operation. The levitation force, the upper and lower protruding parts of the permanent magnets of the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor and the force generated by the superconducting stator 9 restrain each other, so there will be no large axial deviation during the operation of the system.

The energy storage flywheel uses a permanent magnet-superconducting combination. The interaction between the permanent magnet and superconducting in the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor generates a stronger magnetic field, which can produce a strong levitation force with the superconducting stator, that is, the rotor The radial suspension force between the stator and the stator is stronger, ensuring the radial stability of the suspension spindle 3 during system operation. This structure uses a mixture of permanent magnets and superconducting in the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor of this system to increase the axial and radial suspension forces between the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor and the superconducting stator 9 in the energy storage flywheel, which is different from the traditional Compare this to replacing the iron yoke with a superconductor. The mixture of permanent magnets and superconductors can produce a strong radial levitation force between the rotor and stator of the energy storage flywheel. The upper and lower protruding parts of the rotor increase the contact area with the superconducting stator to produce a strong axial levitation force. It can prevent the system from causing large radial and axial deviations during operation, thereby ensuring the stability of the system during operation. At the same time, it does not require high-precision installation and design of bearings, which facilitates maintenance and greatly reduces costs. production costs.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: In the high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system, the drive motor inside the vacuum chamber of the system is connected to the outside through the electrical interface 2, and the superconducting blocks in the system are all in a superconducting state. By default, the suspended spindle 3 is in a suspended state under the joint action of the superconducting stator 9 of the energy storage flywheel and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor, and remains relatively stationary.

When the system is in a stationary state, the suspended spindle 3 is in a relatively stable suspended state under the action of the flywheel. After the system enters the working state, the drive motor is energized through the external interface, and the motor stator 5 generates a changing magnetic field to drive the motor rotor 4 to rotate. At this time, the stable suspension state inside the system is broken after being acted upon by external forces. Between the motor stator 5 and the motor Under the action of the rotor 4, the suspension spindle 3 is driven to rotate. The permanent magnet-superconducting rotor part of the energy storage flywheel follows the rotation of the suspension spindle 3, and the other part of the superconducting stator 9 is fixed on the inner wall of the system frame 10. Driven by the drive motor, the flywheel will eventually be in a stable high-speed rotation state. The motor is turned off, the flywheel continues to rotate, and the system completes the conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy. When the system needs to work as a generator, the same principle is used to convert the stored kinetic energy into electrical energy for output.

When the system gives the energy storage flywheel an initial power by driving the motor through the suspension spindle 3, the energy storage flywheel starts to rotate under the joint action of the motor rotor 4 and the motor stator 5. When the energy storage flywheel reaches a certain speed, the power supply can be cut off. When the flywheel is not subject to external resistance, it will continue to rotate and store the input electrical energy as mechanical energy. When electrical energy output is required, the mechanical energy during the rotation of the energy-storage flywheel is converted into electrical energy for output.

Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system containing a superconductor-type permanent magnet rotor, including a system frame. A vacuum chamber is provided in the system frame, and an energy storage flywheel and a driving motor are provided in the vacuum chamber. It is characterized by: The energy storage flywheel includes a superconducting stator (9) and a permanent magnet-superconducting rotor. The superconducting stator (9) is fixed on the inner wall of the system frame, and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor is fixed on the suspended main shaft (3). The superconducting stator (9), the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor and the suspended spindle (3) are coaxially arranged. The drive motor is located inside the system frame and above the energy storage flywheel. The top of the system frame is equipped with a vacuum interface (1) and an electric interface(2); The permanent magnet-superconducting rotor includes a non-magnetic stainless steel bracket (11), a permanent magnet rotor body and several groups of superconducting rotor bodies (8). The non-magnetic stainless steel bracket (11) is set on the suspended spindle (3). The rotor body is mounted on a non-magnetic stainless steel bracket (11), and several sets of superconducting rotor bodies (8) are embedded in the permanent magnet rotor body and evenly arranged along its axial direction; The non-magnetic stainless steel bracket (11) is an I-shaped structure, including a bracket body and two protruding parts. The bracket body is a columnar structure and is set on the suspension spindle (3). The two protrusions are set on the suspension spindle (3). and are respectively fixed at both ends of the bracket body, and the permanent magnet rotor body and several sets of superconducting rotor bodies (8) are fixed between the two protruding parts; The permanent magnet rotor body includes two end permanent magnet rotor bodies (6) and several sets of intermediate permanent magnet rotor bodies (7). The two end permanent magnet rotor bodies (6) are fixed on the non-magnetic stainless steel bracket (11). At the lower ends of the two protruding parts, several sets of superconducting rotor bodies (8) are evenly arranged between the two end permanent magnet rotor bodies (6) and are spaced apart from several sets of permanent magnet rotor bodies; The superconducting stator (9) repels the upper end permanent magnet rotor body (6) and attracts the lower end rotor body. 2. A high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system with a superconductor-type permanent magnet rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the intermediate permanent magnet rotor body (7) is in two groups, and the superconducting rotor body (8) is 3 groups, 2 groups of intermediate permanent magnet rotor bodies (7) and 3 groups of superconducting rotor bodies (8) are set on the outside of the bracket body and are arranged at intervals. 3. A high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system containing a superconductor-type permanent magnet rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bracket body and the two protruding parts are integrally formed. 4. A high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system containing a superconductor-shaped permanent magnet rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the superconducting stator (9) includes a stator body, which is fixedly installed in the system. An air gap is provided on the inner wall of the frame (10) between the stator body, the permanent magnet rotor body and the superconducting rotor body (8). 5. A high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system containing a superconductor-type permanent magnet rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving motor includes a motor stator (5) and a motor rotor (4). The stator (5) is fixed on the side wall at the top of the system frame and is connected to the system power supply through the electrical interface (2). The motor rotor (4) is fixed on the top of the suspended spindle (3) and is connected with the motor stator (5) and the storage system. The superconducting stator (9) of the flywheel and the permanent magnet-superconducting rotor are coaxially arranged. 6. A high-temperature superconducting flywheel energy storage system containing a superconducting I-type permanent magnet rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the superconducting stator (9) and the superconducting rotor body (8) adopt superconducting Guide blocks.