CN115165552A - Radial displacement measuring mechanism and method for composite material cylindrical pressure-resistant shell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a radial displacement measuring mechanism and method for a cylindrical pressure-resistant shell of composite materials, belonging to the field of displacement measuring. The invention includes a measuring module and a fixing module. A plurality of measuring moduli are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and are fixed to the measured casing through the fixing module. Inside the body; the probe of the measuring module is in contact with the inner wall of the casing, and the radial displacement of each position when the casing is compressed is obtained through the compression and recovery of the probes of the multiple measuring modules. The invention can solve the problem of measuring the radial displacement of the cylindrical shell under external pressure through simple assembly of mechanical parts. The entire mechanism is directly fixed on the metal skirt of the casing. Due to the high strength and rigidity of the metal skirt of the casing, the accuracy of the measurement data can be ensured by using this as the installation reference of the entire mechanism.

Description

Mechanism and method for measuring radial displacement of composite cylindrical pressure shell

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of displacement measurement, and in particular relates to a radial displacement measurement mechanism and method for a cylindrical pressure-resistant shell of composite materials.

Background technique

The pressure-resistant shell of underwater vehicle is an important part to ensure the normal operation of the whole vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a pressure test on the pressure-resistant shell before the aircraft works, collect the displacement data of the pressure-resistant shell under the action of hydrostatic pressure, and analyze it to determine whether the shell can meet the required strength and stability. Require.

At present, the shell deformation data is mainly obtained by pasting strain gauges on the shell wall. This type of measurement method can only obtain the strain value in the in-plane direction of the cylindrical shell, but cannot obtain the radial displacement value of the cylindrical shell. As a result, the understanding of the mechanical response of the cylindrical shell structure is not comprehensive. In addition, there are many instruments and equipment that need to be installed inside the pressure hull. Usually, these equipments are close to the inner wall of the hull. In the actual use process, it is necessary to measure the radial displacement of the hull to ensure that the aircraft pressure hull will not be deformed with Internal instrument interference does not affect the normal operation of the instrument. However, there is currently no mechanism that can be used to measure the radial displacement of the cylindrical shell.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Technical problem to be solved:

In order to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a radial displacement measuring mechanism and method for a cylindrical pressure-resistant shell of composite materials, which can effectively solve the difficulty in measuring the radial displacement of the cylindrical pressure-resistant shell after being subjected to external pressure. The problem.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a radial displacement measuring mechanism for a cylindrical pressure-resistant casing of composite materials, comprising a measuring module and a fixing module, a plurality of measuring modules are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and are fixed in the measured casing through the fixing module;

The probes of the measurement module are in contact with the inner wall of the casing, and the radial displacement of each position when the casing is compressed is obtained through the compression and recovery amounts of the probes of the plurality of measurement modules.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the measurement module is a displacement sensor, the axial direction of the displacement sensor is arranged along the radial direction of the casing, and its contacts are in contact with the inner wall of the casing; through the change of the force of the casing on the probe, The radial displacement of the probe is changed, and then the radial displacement of the casing is measured.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the fixing module includes a displacement sensor bracket and a fixing frame, the displacement sensor bracket is an annular structure, and is coaxially fixed in the housing through the fixing frame;

A plurality of the displacement sensors are fixed on the displacement sensor bracket along the circumferential direction, and the radial displacement information of the peripheral surface of the casing can be obtained.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the fixing frame includes a connecting rod and a connecting arc;

The connecting arc is an arc strip, the two ends of which are fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the metal skirt on the outer edge of the shell, and the middle part is fixed with one end of the connecting rod; the plurality of connecting arcs are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction;

A plurality of the connecting rods are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the connecting arcs.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that the number of the connecting arcs and the connecting rods is three.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the displacement sensor bracket is a hexagonal structure, and six displacement sensors are respectively installed on the center line of the six sides; the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to the top corner of the displacement sensor bracket connect.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that: the maximum outer diameter of the displacement sensor bracket is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing.

A further technical solution of the present invention is: the connecting rod is parallel to the central axis of the casing, and a plurality of installation ports are evenly distributed along the length direction for installing a plurality of displacement sensor brackets in the axial direction in the casing, and each displacement sensor bracket The installation planes of the displacement sensors are all perpendicular to the central axis of the casing; the radial displacement measurement of the circumferential surface of multiple cross-sections in the casing is realized.

A further technical solution of the present invention is that: the components in the measuring mechanism are fixedly connected by screws and nuts.

An installation method for a radial displacement measuring mechanism of a composite material cylindrical pressure-resistant shell, the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1: fixedly connect the displacement sensor bracket with the installation port of the connecting rod;

Step 2: Install the displacement sensor on the displacement sensor bracket, and then put it into the housing;

Step 3: fixedly connect the middle hole of the connecting arc with the fixed port of the connecting rod;

Step 4: Fix the mounting holes on both ends of the connecting arc with the mounting holes on the metal skirt of the shell;

Step 5: Fine-tune the displacement sensor so that the probe is in complete contact with the housing, and perform zero adjustment; complete the installation of the entire measuring mechanism.

beneficial effect

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention can solve the problem of measuring the radial displacement of the cylindrical shell under external pressure through simple assembly of mechanical components.

(2) The entire mechanism is directly fixed on the metal skirt of the shell, which reduces the complexity of the mechanism. At the same time, due to the large strength and rigidity of the metal skirt of the shell, using this as the installation reference of the entire mechanism can ensure Accuracy of measurement data.

(3) According to actual needs, the radial displacement data at any number of measurement points can be obtained by changing the number of installation ports on the connecting rod and the number of sensors installed on the displacement sensor bracket.

(4) The change of the shell shape will lead to the compression or recovery of the displacement sensor probe. The continuous change of the radial displacement of the shell under external pressure can be directly obtained through the compression amount and the recovery amount of the probe. Figure 7 shows the displacement sensor. Figure 8 shows the radial displacement obtained by the measuring mechanism and method when the casing is subjected to external pressure.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional sectional view of this measuring mechanism;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the displacement sensor;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a displacement sensor;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a displacement sensor bracket;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a connecting rod;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a connection arc;

Figure 7 is a diagram of the distribution of the displacement sensor measuring points and the deformation of the casing (the solid line is before deformation, and the dotted line is after deformation);

Figure 8 is the radial displacement measured by the displacement sensor.

Description of reference numerals: 1-metal skirt, 2-composite material shell, 3-connecting arc, 4-connecting rod, 5-displacement sensor bracket, 6-displacement sensor, 7-nut, 8-screw, 9-installation Hole, 10- Probe of displacement transducer, 11- Mounting port, 12- Fixing port.

Detailed ways

The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " rear, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inside, outside, clockwise, counterclockwise, etc., or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

The present invention provides a radial displacement measuring mechanism for a cylindrical pressure-resistant shell of composite material, which is applied to a shell of composite material 2 with a metal skirt 1; the cross-sectional view of the mechanism is shown in FIG. 1, including a connecting arc 3 , connecting rod 4, displacement sensor bracket 5, displacement sensor 6, nut 7, screw 8, the main components are shown in Figures 3-6.

Both ends of the composite material shell 2 are bonded together with the metal skirt 1 by an adhesive, so as to ensure the sealing of the bonding surface. The displacement sensor 6 is connected with the displacement sensor bracket 5 through screws 8 and nuts 7 to ensure that the displacement sensor does not move during use. The displacement sensor bracket 5 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 4 through a screw 8 and a nut 7 to ensure that the displacement sensor 6 can measure the displacement at multiple spatial positions on the inner wall of the housing. The other end of the connecting rod 4 is connected with the connecting arc 3 through the screw 8 and the nut 7, and then the connecting arc 3 is fixed on the metal skirt 1. The metal skirt has greater strength and rigidity to ensure the entire measuring mechanism. Can be in a fixed state during use.

The connecting arc 3 , the connecting rod 4 , the displacement sensor bracket 5 , the nut 8 and the screw 7 are all made of high-strength metal materials.

The maximum radial dimension of the displacement sensor bracket 5 is smaller than the minimum radius of the cylindrical shell to ensure that the displacement sensor bracket can be placed inside the pressure-resistant shell.

The displacement sensor bracket is provided with a number of through holes, which are in the same position and size as the displacement sensor installation holes, and are used to install the displacement sensor, specifically the installation holes 9 shown in FIGS. 2 , 3 and 4 .

The length of the connecting rod 4 must be equal, and the installation plane of the displacement sensor bracket must be perpendicular to the axis of the housing after being connected with the displacement sensor bracket, to ensure that the displacement sensor measures the radial displacement value on the same cross section.

The connecting arcs 3 and the connecting rods 4 are evenly distributed inside the casing to ensure that the entire measuring mechanism has good rigidity, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the probe of each displacement sensor is in full contact with the inner wall of the casing, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement results.

The vertical distance from the middle through hole on the connecting arc 3 to the through holes at both ends must be greater than the size of the fixed port 12 on the connecting rod 4 to ensure that the connecting rod 4 will not interfere with the inner wall of the casing when installing the connecting rod 4 .

After the displacement sensor is installed, its probe must be in full contact with the inner wall of the casing and have a certain amount of compression to ensure that during the measurement process, no matter how the shape of the casing changes, the probe of the displacement sensor is always in contact with the inner wall of the casing. .

In this embodiment, a method for installing a radial displacement measuring mechanism for a cylindrical pressure-resistant shell of composite materials includes the following steps:

Step 1: The displacement sensor bracket 5 is fixedly connected to the installation port 11 of the connecting rod 4 through screws 8 and nuts 7 .

Step 2: Install the displacement sensor 6 on the displacement sensor bracket 5 through the screw 8 and the nut 7 , and then put it into the composite material housing 2 .

Step 3: Fix the middle hole on the connecting arc 3 and the fixing port 12 of the connecting rod 4 by screws 8 and nuts 7 .

Step 4: Fix the mounting holes 9 on both ends of the connecting arc 3 and the mounting holes on the metal skirt 1 by screws 8 and nuts 7 .

Step 5: Fine-tune the displacement sensor 6 so that its probe is in complete contact with the housing 2, and perform zero adjustment. Complete the installation of the entire measuring mechanism.

The radial displacement measuring mechanism and method of a cylindrical pressure-resistant shell provided by the invention are especially suitable for measuring the radial displacement of the cylindrical pressure-resistant shell of an underwater vehicle after being subjected to external pressure.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art will not depart from the principles and spirit of the present invention Variations, modifications, substitutions, and alterations to the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A composite material cylindrical pressure-resistant housing radial displacement measuring mechanism, characterized in that: comprising a measurement module and a fixed module, a plurality of measurement modules are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and are fixed in the measured casing by the fixed module; The probes of the measurement module are in contact with the inner wall of the casing, and the radial displacement of each position when the casing is compressed is obtained through the compression and recovery amounts of the probes of the plurality of measurement modules. 2 . The radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite cylindrical pressure-resistant casing according to claim 1 , wherein the measuring module is a displacement sensor, and the axial direction of the displacement sensor is arranged along the radial direction of the casing, and the The contact is in contact with the inner wall of the shell; the change of the force acting on the probe by the shell makes the radial displacement of the probe change, and then the radial displacement of the shell is measured. 3 . The radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite cylindrical pressure-resistant shell according to claim 2 , wherein the fixing module comprises a displacement sensor support and a fixing frame, and the displacement sensor support is an annular structure, and the fixing frame passes through the fixing frame. 4 . coaxially fixed in the shell; A plurality of the displacement sensors are fixed on the displacement sensor bracket along the circumferential direction, and the radial displacement information of the peripheral surface of the casing can be obtained. 4. The radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite cylindrical pressure shell according to claim 3, wherein the fixing frame comprises a connecting rod and a connecting arc; The connecting arc is an arc strip, the two ends of which are fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the metal skirt on the outer edge of the shell, and the middle part is fixed with one end of the connecting rod; the plurality of connecting arcs are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; A plurality of the connecting rods are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the connecting arcs. 5. The radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite cylindrical pressure-resistant casing according to claim 4, wherein the connecting rod is parallel to the central axis of the casing, and a plurality of installation ports are evenly distributed along the length direction. A plurality of displacement sensor brackets are installed in the casing along the axial direction, and the displacement sensor installation planes of each displacement sensor bracket are perpendicular to the central axis of the casing; the radial displacement measurement of the circumferential surface of multiple cross-sections in the casing is realized. 6 . The radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite material cylindrical pressure-resistant shell according to claim 4 , wherein the number of the connecting arcs and the connecting rods is three. 7 . 7. The radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite cylindrical pressure-resistant shell according to claim 3, wherein the displacement sensor bracket is a hexagonal structure, and the six displacement sensors are respectively installed on the center lines of the six sides. The other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the top corner of the displacement sensor bracket. 8 . The radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite cylindrical pressure-resistant casing according to claim 3 , wherein the maximum outer diameter of the displacement sensor bracket is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing. 9 . 9 . The radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite cylindrical pressure-resistant shell according to claim 1 , wherein the components in the measuring mechanism are fixedly connected by screws and nuts. 10 . 10. An installation method for the radial displacement measuring mechanism of the composite cylindrical pressure shell according to any one of claims 3-9, characterized in that the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: fixedly connect the displacement sensor bracket with the installation port of the connecting rod; Step 2: Install the displacement sensor on the displacement sensor bracket, and then put it into the housing; Step 3: fixedly connect the middle hole of the connecting arc with the fixed port of the connecting rod; Step 4: Fix the mounting holes on both ends of the connecting arc with the mounting holes on the metal skirt of the shell; Step 5: Fine-tune the displacement sensor so that the probe is in complete contact with the housing, and perform zero adjustment; complete the installation of the entire measuring mechanism.

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