CN115158390B - Lightweight braking clamp unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lightweight braking clamp unit which comprises a hanging bracket, two braking levers and two brake pad supports, wherein the hanging bracket comprises an upper plate body, a lower plate body and a first connecting rod, the upper plate body and the lower plate body are arranged at intervals up and down, the first connecting rod is connected between the upper plate body and the lower plate body, a longitudinal reinforcing rib and a first hollowed-out hole are arranged on the upper plate body at a position close to the middle of the upper plate body, and a second hollowed-out hole is arranged on the middle of the lower plate body. The two brake levers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the hanging bracket, the middle part of each brake lever is pivoted with the hanging bracket, and the first end of each brake lever is used for being connected with the brake cylinder. The front surface of each brake pad support is used for being connected with the brake pad, the back surface is used for being pivoted with the second end of the corresponding brake lever, and a plurality of third hollowed-out holes are formed in each brake pad support. The lightweight brake caliper unit can greatly reduce the overall weight of the brake caliper unit on the basis of ensuring the strength.

Description

A lightweight brake caliper unit

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of rail transit equipment, and in particular, to a lightweight brake caliper unit.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the railway industry, the operating speed of trains in high-speed railways has now reached 350km/h, and on this basis, the development of higher-speed EMUs has been fully carried out. The new generation EMU's requirements for main performance indicators such as traction, braking, network, and safety have been greatly improved compared to the current trains in service. Among them, the two basic performances of traction and braking are extremely stringent for the weight of the entire vehicle. requirements. To this end, the structures and devices of each part of the train need to be structurally optimized and modified to meet the overall lightweight requirements of the high-speed EMU and lay the foundation for improving the overall traction and braking performance of the EMU.

As one of the important devices under the train bogie, the brake caliper unit is a key part that directly guarantees the basic braking performance of the train. Since the train is equipped with a large number of clamps, the quality of the brake clamp unit has an extremely important impact on the overall EMU. However, the brake caliper unit currently used has the following shortcomings:

(1) The heavy weight brings a large weight redundancy to the vehicle and increases the inertia of the vehicle, resulting in limited acceleration during traction and braking. It cannot meet operating requirements at higher speeds and consumes more energy. much energy;

(2) The material utilization rate is low. Large-volume, high-quality brake caliper units will consume more materials and increase costs during the manufacturing process.

Therefore, relying on years of experience and practice in related industries, the inventor proposes a lightweight brake caliper unit to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight brake caliper unit that can significantly reduce the overall weight of the brake caliper unit while ensuring strength.

The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a lightweight brake caliper unit including:

The hanger includes an upper plate body and a lower plate body spaced up and down, and a first connecting rod connected between the upper plate body and the lower plate body. A longitudinal reinforcing rib is provided on the upper plate body near its middle position. The first hollow hole is provided with a second hollow hole in the middle of the lower plate body;

Two brake levers are symmetrically located on both sides of the hanger, the middle part of each brake lever is pivotally connected to the hanger, and the first end of each brake lever is used to connect with the brake cylinder;

And two brake pad holders, the front of each brake pad holder is used to connect with the brake pad, and the back is used to pivot with the second end of the corresponding brake lever. Each brake pad holder is provided with a plurality of third Three hollow holes.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper plate body includes an arc-shaped transition plate and two upper connecting rings. A suspension pin mounting barrel is connected in the middle of the first side of the arc-shaped transition plate for connecting to the bogie through the suspension pin. ; The two upper connecting rings are symmetrically connected to both ends of the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate for pivoting with the corresponding brake lever; the arc-shaped transition plate is formed by a smooth upward transition from its second side to the first side A concave arc-shaped plate, and part of the outer side profile of the arc-shaped transition plate is an arc-shaped profile that smoothly transitions from each upper connecting ring to the suspension mounting tube. The longitudinal reinforcing ribs and the first hollow hole are both located on the arc-shaped transition plate. .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal reinforcing rib is a long oblique rib extending from the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate to the first side; the longitudinal reinforcing rib is one and is located in the middle of the arc-shaped transition plate. , there are two first hollow holes and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal reinforcement; or there are two longitudinal reinforcements and are close to the middle of the arc-shaped transition plate and are set at intervals, and there are three first hollow holes and they are distributed on both sides. between longitudinal stiffeners and on both sides of two longitudinal stiffeners.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower plate body includes a bearing plate and two lower connecting rings. The two lower connecting rings are symmetrically connected to both ends of the second side of the bearing plate for pivoting with the corresponding brake lever. Connect; the second hollow hole is provided in the middle of the load-bearing plate, and the thickness of the load-bearing plate close to the second side is greater than the thickness close to the first side.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are two first connecting rods, and both ends of the two first connecting rods are respectively connected to the second side bottom surface of the arc-shaped transition plate and the second side top surface of the load-bearing plate. ; Two first connecting rods are arranged at parallel intervals; or the two first connecting rods are arranged at intervals and are enclosed with the arc-shaped transition plate and the load-bearing plate to form an isosceles trapezoidal area, and the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal area is close to the arc Transition board layout.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection between the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate and each upper connecting ring, the connection between the second side of the load-bearing plate and each lower connecting ring, and each first connecting rod The connections with the arc-shaped transition plate and the load-bearing plate are all provided with transition fillets; the quadrilateral area formed between the two first connecting rods, the arc-shaped transition plate and the load-bearing plate is provided with quadrilateral support ribs, and in the quadrilateral Transition arc ribs are provided at the four corners of the support ribs.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each brake lever includes two parallel plates arranged parallel and spaced up and down, and a second connecting rod connected between the two parallel plates. Two of each brake lever The first end of the parallel plate is used to connect to the brake cylinder, and the second end is used to pivot with the back of the corresponding brake pad holder; the thickness of the inner part of each parallel plate close to the hanger is greater than the outer part away from the hanger part thickness.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each brake blade holder includes a support body. A dovetail groove is formed on the front side of the support body and is recessed toward the back side for installing the brake blades; the back side of the support body corresponds to the position of the dovetail groove. There is a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat spaced up and down. The first mounting seat includes two first connecting rings spaced up and down. The second mounting seat includes two second connecting rings spaced up and down. The first mounting seat includes two first connecting rings spaced up and down. The base and the second mounting base are used to be pivotally connected to the second end of the corresponding brake lever; the plurality of third hollow holes include three middle hollow holes, a plurality of first side hollow holes and a plurality of second side hollow holes, Three middle hollow holes are respectively provided between the two first connecting rings, between the two second connecting rings, and between the first mounting base and the second mounting base, and all penetrate the bottom of the dovetail groove, each first side The hollow holes are provided between the first side edge of the support body and the dovetail groove and penetrate the plate surface of the support body. Each second side hollow hole is provided between the second side edge of the support body and the dovetail groove and penetrates the plate of the support body. noodle.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first side reinforcing rib and a second side reinforcing rib are respectively provided on both sides of the middle hollow hole on the back of the support body, and the first side reinforcing rib is provided in the dovetail groove. The back side of the groove bottom and its two ends are respectively connected to the corresponding first connecting ring and the second connecting ring, and a first transverse diagonal rib is provided between the middle of the first side reinforcing rib and the first side edge of the supporting body; The second side reinforcing rib is arranged close to the second side edge of the bracket and its two ends are respectively connected to the corresponding first connecting ring and the second connecting ring; the plurality of first side hollow holes include upper and lower parts relative to the first transverse oblique ribs. Two sets of first holes are arranged symmetrically. Each group of first holes includes at least two first holes spaced up and down. The support body between two adjacent first holes forms a first plane rib that is narrow on the outside and wide on the inside. ; The plurality of second side hollow holes include two groups of second holes arranged symmetrically up and down relative to the first transverse oblique ribs. Each group of second holes includes at least two second holes arranged up and down, and two adjacent second holes are arranged vertically and downwardly. The supports between the holes form a second plane rib that is narrow on the outside and wide on the inside.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first side reinforcing ribs include lateral diagonal ribs extending along the length direction of the support body, and the two ends of the lateral diagonal ribs are respectively connected to the first connecting ring and the first connecting ring through corresponding transition ribs. The second connecting ring is connected; the second side reinforcing rib includes lateral flat ribs extending along the length direction of the support body, and both ends of the lateral flat ribs are connected to the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring through corresponding second transverse diagonal ribs. .

From the above, the brake caliper unit of the present invention provides hollow holes on the hanger and the brake pad holder, so that the hanger and the brake pad holder both form a lightweight structure. Since the first hollow hole and the third hollow hole on the hanger are The two hollow holes are respectively located in the middle low load-bearing area of the upper plate body and the lower plate body, and longitudinal reinforcements are used to ensure the local mechanical strength of the hanger at the first hollow hole without affecting the overall structural strength. The entire lightweight structure of the brake caliper unit can significantly reduce the overall weight of the brake caliper unit while ensuring strength, laying an important foundation for the lightweight work of the high-speed EMU.

Description of drawings

The following drawings are only intended to schematically illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. in:

Figure 1: Structural diagram of the lightweight brake caliper unit provided by the present invention.

Figure 2: Structural diagram of the hanger provided by the present invention.

Figure 3: Structural diagram of the brake lever provided by the present invention.

Figure 4: A schematic diagram of the front structure of the brake blade holder provided by the present invention.

Figure 5: A schematic structural diagram of the back of the brake plate holder provided by the present invention.

Explanation of reference numbers:

1. Hanger;

11. Upper plate body; 111. Longitudinal reinforcing ribs; 112. First hollow hole; 113. Arc-shaped transition plate; 114. Upper connecting ring; 115. Suspension pin installation barrel; 1151. Suspension pin;

12. Lower plate body; 121. Second hollow hole; 122. Bearing plate; 123. Lower connecting ring;

13. The first connecting rod; 131. Quadrilateral support ribs; 132. Transitional arc ribs;

2. Brake lever; 21. Parallel plate; 211. First end ring; 212. Middle ring; 213. Second end ring; 22. Second connecting rod; 23. Lever bolt; 24. Vertical rod;

3. Brake support; 311. Middle hollow hole; 312. First side hollow hole; 3121. First hollow hole; 313. Second side hollow hole; 3131. Second hollow hole; 32. Support body; 321. Dovetail Groove; 33. Top connecting ring; 34. First connecting ring; 35. Second connecting ring; 36. First side reinforcing rib; 361. Lateral diagonal rib; 362. Transition rib; 37. First transverse diagonal rib; 38. Second side reinforcing rib; 381. Lateral flat rib; 382. Second transverse diagonal rib; 391. First flat rib; 392. Second flat rib;

4. Boom.

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, this embodiment provides a lightweight brake caliper unit, including:

The hanger 1 includes an upper plate body 11 and a lower plate body 12 spaced up and down, and a first connecting rod 13 connected between the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12. The upper plate body 11 is close to its middle. The longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 and the first hollow hole 112 are provided at the position, and the second hollow hole 121 is provided in the middle of the lower plate body 12;

Two brake levers 2 are symmetrically located on both sides of the hanger 1. The middle part of each brake lever 2 is pivotally connected to the hanger 1, and the first end of each brake lever 2 is used to connect with the brake cylinder;

And two brake pad holders 3, the front of each brake pad holder 3 is used to connect with the brake pad, and the back is used to pivot with the second end of the corresponding brake lever 2. Each brake pad holder 3 is provided with There are multiple third hollow holes.

As a result, the entire brake caliper unit forms a lightweight structure by opening hollow holes on the hanger 1 and the brake pad holder 3. Due to the first hollow hole 112 on the hanger 1 and the second hollow hole 121 are respectively located in the middle low load-bearing area of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12, and the longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 are used to ensure the local mechanical strength of the hanger 1 at the first hollow hole 112, without affecting the overall Structural strength. The entire lightweight structure of the brake caliper unit can significantly reduce the overall weight of the brake caliper unit while ensuring strength, laying an important foundation for the lightweight work of the high-speed EMU.

Further preferably, referring to FIG. 2 , the upper plate body 11 includes an arc-shaped transition plate 113 and two upper connecting rings 114 . A suspension mounting barrel 115 is connected to the middle of the first side of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 for connecting with the suspension pin 1151 . The bogie is connected; the two upper connecting rings 114 are symmetrically connected to both ends of the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 for pivoting with the corresponding brake lever 2. The arc-shaped transition plate 113 is a concave arc-shaped plate formed by a smooth upward transition from the second side to the first side, and part of the outer side profile of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 is formed from each upper connecting ring 114 to the suspension mounting barrel 115 The smoothly transitioning arc profile, the longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 and the first hollow hole 112 are all provided on the arc transition plate 113 .

The first side and the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 are specifically the two sides in the width direction, the width direction is generally along the train forward direction, and the length direction is parallel to the train axle axis (that is, perpendicular to the train forward direction). direction); and its second side is close to the brake pad holder 3, and its first side is close to the brake cylinder. The curvature of the entire arc-shaped transition plate 113 should transition as smoothly as possible from its second side to the first side, and the arc-shaped outline of part of its outer surface should transition as smoothly as possible from the upper connecting ring 114 to the suspension mounting barrel 115. The specific dimensions are And the radian depends on the specific product size. The axial direction of the upper connecting ring 114 is arranged along the vertical direction. Its upper and lower surfaces are both machined mounting planes. Its inner hole is a circular through hole, which is used to pass the hanger 1 and the corresponding brake lever 2 through the corresponding lever. Bolt 23 connection. The axial direction of the suspension pin installation barrel 115 is arranged along the length direction of the arc-shaped transition plate 113, that is, it is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the train wheel axle. It is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends, so that the hanger 1 can be fixed on the steering wheel through the suspension pin 1151. on the shelf.

The entire arc-shaped transition plate 113 adopts a hollow structure. The material in the middle low-load-bearing area is removed, and reinforcing ribs are set in the central area of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 to ensure the local mechanical strength of the hollow structure and ensure structural strength while achieving Lightweight. At the same time, the arc-shaped transition plate 113 adopts an arc-shaped structure as a whole, and its outer side profile between the upper connecting ring 114 and the suspension pin mounting barrel 115 adopts an arc-shaped profile, which can ensure that under the same weight, the force is lower and the maximum The stress level is lower, the overall stress distribution is more reasonable, and the upper plate body 11 can bear greater loads.

The above-mentioned longitudinal reinforcement bars 111 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the train. Specifically, they are long diagonal bars extending from the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 to the first side. They can carry longitudinal loads, and their number can be determined according to actual working conditions. Depends. In this embodiment, the longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 are arranged in two ways: single strip and double strip, which is more convenient for processing and saves materials and costs. When the single-strip arrangement is adopted, the longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 are located at the center of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 and the suspension mounting tube 115; when the double-strip longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 are used, the two longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 are symmetrical about the center of the arc-shaped transition plate 113. distributed.

That is, referring to FIG. 2 , when there is one longitudinal reinforcing rib 111 , it is located in the middle of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 , and there are two first hollow holes 112 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal reinforcing rib 111 . When there are two longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111, the two longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 are close to the middle of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 and are arranged at intervals. There are three first hollow holes 112 and they are distributed between the two longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111 and between the two longitudinal reinforcing ribs 111. Both sides of the longitudinal reinforcement 111. In both cases, the first hollow hole 112 should be close to the corresponding longitudinal reinforcing rib 111 to reduce the structural weight as much as possible.

Further, the lower plate body 12 includes a bearing plate 122 and two lower connecting rings 123 . The two lower connecting rings 123 are symmetrically connected to both ends of the second side of the bearing plate 122 for pivoting with the corresponding brake lever 2 . The second hollow hole 121 is provided in the middle of the load-bearing plate 122 , and the thickness of the load-bearing plate 122 close to the second side is greater than the thickness close to the first side. For example, the thickness of the load-bearing plate 122 can be used as shown in FIG. 2 by The second side gradually shrinks toward the first side, or alternatively, the portion of the load-bearing plate 122 close to the second side and the portion close to the first side are both equal-thickness plates, and the two equal-thickness plates are The transition is through rounded steps.

The first side and the second side of the load-bearing plate 122 are specifically the two sides in the width direction, the width direction is generally along the train forward direction, the length direction is parallel to the axial direction of the train axle, and the second side is close to the brake pad holder. 3. The axial direction of the lower connecting ring 123 is arranged along the vertical direction, its upper and lower surfaces are mounting planes, and its inner hole is a circular through hole, which is used to connect the hanger 1 and the corresponding brake lever 2 through the corresponding lever bolt 23 .

The entire load-bearing plate 122 adopts a variable cross-section hollow design. The thickness of the load-bearing plate 122 is larger near the lower connecting ring 123, which can ensure that the strength of the high-stress area of the hanger 1 in the braking state meets the usage requirements and has sufficient safety margin. The thickness of the load-bearing plate 122 is appropriately reduced at positions far away from the lower connecting ring 123, and the center of the load-bearing plate 122 is hollowed out to effectively reduce the weight of the parts.

The number of the above-mentioned first connecting rods 13 should be at least two to ensure structural stability. In this embodiment, the number of first connecting rods 13 is two, which is more convenient for processing and saves costs. Both ends of the two first connecting rods 13 are respectively connected to the second side bottom surface of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 and the second side top surface of the load-bearing plate 122. The two first connecting rods 13 are closer to the upper connecting ring 114 and the lower side. The position of the connecting ring 123 makes the force transmission of the structural combination more reasonable, and the structure is more stable and reliable.

The two first connecting rods 13 can be distributed in parallel or in a trapezoidal distribution at a certain angle according to different stress conditions and installation conditions. That is, referring to FIG. 2 , two first connecting rods 13 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the length direction of each first connecting rod 13 is arranged vertically. Alternatively, the two first connecting rods 13 are spaced apart and enclosed between the arc-shaped transition plate 113 and the load-bearing plate 122 to form an isosceles trapezoidal area, and the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal area is arranged close to the arc-shaped transition plate 113, so that the structure is more Stablize.

Referring to Figure 2, generally the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 is a flat surface, the first side and the second side of the load-bearing plate 122 are both flat, and the two end surfaces of the load-bearing plate 122 (that is, each lower connecting ring 123 to the first side edge of the bearing plate 122 ) is an arc-shaped surface. Transition fillets are provided at the connection between the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate 113 and each upper connection ring 114 and at the connection between the second side of the load-bearing plate 122 and each lower connection ring 123. The transition fillet can be The use of large-size fillets, the specific size of which depends on the actual product, can reduce the impact of stress concentration caused by the output force of the brake cylinder.

Transition fillets are provided at the connections between each first connecting rod 13 and the arc-shaped transition plate 113 and the load-bearing plate 122, which can reduce the influence of stress concentration.

Quadrilateral support ribs 131 are provided in the quadrilateral area enclosed between the two first connecting rods 13, the arc-shaped transition plate 113 and the load-bearing plate 122, and transition arc ribs are provided at the four corners of the quadrilateral support ribs 131. 132. The quadrilateral support ribs 131 and the transitional arc ribs 132 can be used to resist plastic deformation of the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 of the hanger 1 during the manufacturing process. During actual processing, the arc-shaped transition plate 113, the upper connecting ring 114, the longitudinal reinforcing rib 111, the suspension pin mounting barrel 115, the first connecting rod 13, the quadrilateral support rib 131, the transition arc rib 132, the load-bearing plate 122 and the lower connecting ring 123 Can be molded in one piece.

Further, referring to FIG. 3 , each brake lever 2 includes two parallel plates 21 arranged in parallel up and down and a second connecting rod 22 connected between the two parallel plates 21 . The first end of each parallel plate 21 is used to be connected to the brake cylinder, and the second end is used to be pivotally connected to the back side of the corresponding brake pad holder 3. The thickness of the inner part of each parallel plate 21 close to the hanger 1 is greater than the thickness of the outer part far away from the hanger 1 .

The side of the parallel plate 21 close to the hanger 1 is used as its inner side, and the opposite side is used as its outer side; since the outer side of the brake lever 2 is subject to compressive stress during use, the structural stress is low, and the cross-sectional thickness requirements are relatively low. In this embodiment, the outer sides of each parallel plate 21 are thinned, reducing the thickness of the parallel plate 21 in the low-stress area without affecting the structural strength, saving materials and reducing the weight of the parts. In actual application, the thickness of the entire parallel plate 21 can be tapered from the inside to the outside, or the thickness of the parallel plate 21 close to the inside and the part close to the outside can be equal as shown in Figure 3 Thick plate body, and the transition between two equal-thickness plate bodies is through rounded steps to minimize the influence of stress concentration on irregular sections.

The number of the above-mentioned second connecting rods 22 is determined according to needs. For example, in this embodiment, there are two second connecting rods 22 arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the length direction of each second connecting rod 22 is arranged vertically. The first end of each parallel plate 21 is provided with a first end ring 211 with a threaded hole. The upper and lower surfaces of the first end ring 211 are mounting planes, and the brake lever 2 can be connected to the brake cylinder through bolts. An intermediate ring 212 with a circular through hole is provided in the middle area of each parallel plate 21. The upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate ring 212 are installation planes for installing the lever bolts 23 used as levers to support the rotating shaft; specifically, two upper connections The ring 114 and the two lower connecting rings 123 are arranged facing each other up and down. The brake lever 2 is installed between the upper connecting ring 114 and the lower connecting ring 123. The lever bolt 23 is passed through the upper connecting ring 114, the lower connecting ring 123 and the two lower connecting rings 114 and 123. in the middle ring 212 to achieve pivot connection. The second end of each parallel plate 21 is provided with a second end ring 213 with a circular through hole. The upper and lower surfaces of the second end ring 213 are installation planes for connecting the brake lever 2 and the brake pad holder 3 through the vertical The rod 24 is hinged as a rotating shaft, so that the brake plate holder 3 has a certain degree of rotational freedom.

Generally, the axial length of the first end ring 211 and the second end ring 213 is less than or equal to 26 mm, the hole wall thickness of the first end ring 211 is less than or equal to 11 mm, and the hole wall thickness of the second end ring 213 is less than or equal to 6 mm. In order to ensure the strength Part quality is minimized while maintaining a safety margin.

Further, with reference to Figures 4 and 5, each brake blade holder 3 includes a support body 32. A dovetail groove 321 is formed on the front of the support body 32 and is recessed toward the back for installing the brake blade; The dovetail groove 321 is provided with a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat spaced up and down. The first mounting seat includes two first connecting rings 34 spaced up and down. The second mounting seat includes two second connecting rings 34 spaced up and down. The connecting ring 35 , the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat are used to be pivotally connected with the second end of the corresponding brake lever 2 .

The plurality of third hollow holes include three middle hollow holes 311 , a plurality of first side hollow holes 312 and a plurality of second side hollow holes 313 . The three middle hollow holes 311 are respectively provided between the two first connecting rings 34 , between the two second connecting rings 35 and between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, and all pass through the bottom of the dovetail groove 321. Each first side hollow hole 312 is provided between the first side edge of the bracket 32 and The dovetail grooves 321 are between and penetrate the plate surface of the bracket 32 . Each second side hollow hole 313 is provided between the second side edge of the bracket 32 and the dovetail grooves 321 and penetrates the plate surface of the bracket 32 .

It can be understood that the supporting body 32 is a long plate, and its shape should match the shape of the installed gate plate. The dovetail groove 321 extends along the length direction of the supporting body 32, that is, extends in the vertical direction; The side close to the hanger 1 serves as its first side, and the other opposite side serves as its second side. The first side and the second side are both sides in the width direction of the support body 32 . The first connecting ring 34 and the second connecting ring 35 are both arranged vertically in the axial direction. The two second end rings 213 on the two parallel plates 21 of the brake lever 2 are inserted between the two first connecting rings 34 respectively. Between the two second connecting rings 35, a vertical rod 24 is provided to achieve pivot connection. Since the back plane of the dovetail groove 321 is less stressed during specific use, and the edge portions of the support body 32 on both sides of the dovetail groove 321 are also relatively less stressed, three middle hollow holes 311 are provided at positions corresponding to the dovetail groove 321. Providing a plurality of first side hollow holes 312 and a plurality of second side hollow holes 313 on both sides of the support body 32 will not affect the overall structural strength. Through the cooperation of multiple third hollow holes, the weight can be effectively reduced and the brake pad support 3 can be lightweight.

There is also a top mounting seat on the back of the support body 32 and above the dovetail groove 321 . The top mounting seat includes two top connecting rings 33 spaced apart for pivotal connection with the suspension rod 4 . The axial direction of the top connecting ring 33 is arranged horizontally, and the bottom of the boom 4 is inserted between the two top connecting rings 33 and is pivoted through the corresponding rotating shaft. The entire brake caliper unit can be hung on the train bogie by using the two booms 4 connected to the two top mounting seats and the above-mentioned suspension mounting barrel 115 .

Generally, a first side reinforcing rib 36 and a second side reinforcement are respectively provided on both sides of the middle hollow hole 311 (that is, the middle hollow hole 311 between the first mounting base and the second mounting base) on the back of the support body 32 and located in the middle. The reinforcing rib 38 and the first side reinforcing rib 36 are arranged on the back of the bottom of the dovetail groove 321 and their two ends are connected to the corresponding first connecting ring 34 and the second connecting ring 35 respectively. In the middle of the first side reinforcing rib 36 A first transverse oblique rib 37 is provided between the first side edge of the bracket 32; the second side reinforcing rib 38 is arranged close to the second side edge of the bracket 32 and its two ends are respectively connected with the corresponding first connecting ring 34. Connected to the second connecting ring 35.

Among them, since the shape of the entire supporting body 32 matches the shape of the installed gate plate, the area of the portion of the supporting body 32 between the first side edge of the supporting body 32 and the dovetail groove 321 is larger than the second side edge of the supporting body 32 The area of this part of the supporting body 32 between the dovetail groove 321 and the dovetail groove 321 . A plurality of first side hollow holes 312 is located between the first side edge of the support body 32 and the first side reinforcing rib 36 , and a plurality of second side hollow holes 313 is located between the second side reinforcing rib 38 and the side of the dovetail groove 321 between. The first side reinforcing rib 36 and the second side reinforcing rib 38 can be used to evenly transmit the pressure of the brake lever 2 to all parts of the brake pad during braking, so that the force is more reasonable and stable.

Preferably, referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 , the plurality of first side hollow holes 312 include two groups of first holes arranged symmetrically up and down with respect to the first transverse oblique ribs 37 , and each group of first holes includes at least two groups spaced up and down. A first hollow hole 3121, the support body 32 between two adjacent first hollow holes 3121 forms a first plane rib 391 that is narrow on the outside and wide on the inside; a plurality of second side hollow holes 313 include diagonal ribs relative to the first transverse direction 37. Two sets of second holes arranged symmetrically up and down. Each set of second holes includes at least two second holes 3131 spaced up and down. The support body 32 between two adjacent second holes 3131 forms a narrow outside and a wide inside. The second plane rib 392.

The number of the first hollow holes 3121 and the second hollow holes 3131 can be determined according to the actual product. The first flat rib 391 and the second flat rib 392 should be as close as possible to the first connecting ring 34 or the second connecting ring 35 . For example, referring to FIG. 4 in this embodiment, each group of first holes includes two first holes 3121, and each group of second holes includes two second holes 3131. The first holes 3121 are close to the first transverse oblique ribs 37. The hole wall of should be adjacent to the first transverse oblique rib 37, the hole wall of each first hollow hole 3121 and each second hollow hole 3131 should be adjacent to the corresponding outer side wall of the dovetail groove 321; the outer side of each first hollow hole 3121 The contour line (that is, the contour line close to the first side of the supporting body 32) should be equidistant from the first side edge contour line of the supporting body 32, and the outer contour line of each second hole 3131 should be equidistant from the second side edge of the supporting body 32. The contour lines are equidistant to save as much weight as possible.

At the same time, the two first holes 3121 close to the first transverse oblique ribs 37 are trapezoidal holes, and the other two first holes 3121 are triangular holes; the two second holes 3131 in the middle are triangular holes, and the other two first holes 3121 are triangular holes. The two holes 3131 are trapezoidal holes, so as to form the first plane rib 391 and the second plane rib 392 that are narrow on the outside and wide on the inside. That is, the vertical width of the first plane rib 391 close to the first side edge of the bracket 32 is smaller than that of the first plane rib 391 away from the bracket. The vertical width of the first side edge of the body 32 and the vertical width of the second planar rib 392 close to the second side edge of the support body 32 are smaller than the vertical width away from the second side edge of the support body 32, similar to a radial trapezoidal shape.

During the braking force transmission process, the brake lever 2 transmits the pressure to the first mounting base and the second mounting base through the vertical rod 24. Therefore, the above-mentioned adjacent holes are also designed with flat ribs that are wide on the inside and narrow on the outside. This makes the pressure transmitted to the brake pad more evenly distributed during braking, and ensures the structural strength of the brake pad support 3.

Further, referring to Figure 5, the first side reinforcing ribs 36 include lateral diagonal ribs 361 extending along the length direction of the support body 32. Both ends of the lateral diagonal ribs 361 are respectively connected to the first connecting ring through corresponding transition ribs 362. 34 is connected to the second connecting ring 35; the second side reinforcing rib 38 includes a lateral flat rib 381 extending along the length direction of the support body 32, and both ends of the lateral flat rib 381 are connected to the first side through corresponding second transverse diagonal ribs 382. The connecting ring 34 is connected to the second connecting ring 35 . The thickness of the middle part of these two reinforcing ribs is thin, and the thickness of both ends gradually increases and is transitionally connected with the corresponding connecting ring.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the lateral flat ribs 381 (thickness along the direction perpendicular to the plate surface of the support body 32) is less than 5 mm, and the preferred thickness is 3-5 mm, which minimizes the thickness while ensuring the strength and safety margin. Part quality.

Furthermore, in actual use, the entire brake caliper unit is installed on the train bogie in a three-point suspension form through the suspension pin 1151 on the top of the hanger 1 and the two hangers 4 connected to the upper ends of the two brake pad supports 3 . The hanger 1 and the two left and right symmetrical brake levers 2 are hingedly connected with their respective lever bolts 23 as rotating axes, thereby realizing the rotation of the brake lever 2.

The first ends of the two brake levers 2 are respectively fastened with the brake cylinders through bolts. When the train generates a braking action, the push rod of the brake cylinder moves laterally outward (the transverse direction refers to the axial direction of the train axle), pushing the first ends of the two brake levers 2 to move them away from each other. The lever bolt 23 serves as the rotation axis and fulcrum of the lever movement and remains stationary at this time. The second ends of the two brake levers 2 now move toward each other under the lever principle and approach each other. The second ends of the two lever bolts 23 are respectively hinged with the brake pad holder 3 through vertical rods 24, and the brake pad holder 3 is equipped with a brake pad. As the second ends of the two brake levers 2 approach each other, the brake pads gradually contact and press against the brake disc, thereby transmitting the output force of the brake cylinder to the brake disc to cause friction. The form gradually reduces the speed of the axle where the brake disc is installed, thereby realizing the braking action of the train. When braking is relieved, the brake cylinder exhausts and drives the push rod of the brake cylinder to retract. The brake lever 2 produces a movement opposite to that during braking, driving the brake pad part away from the brake disc to achieve relief of train braking.

It should be noted that the braking force transmitted from the brake pad to the brake disc is proportional to the output force of the brake cylinder under the influence of the lever principle. This ratio can be adjusted by the dimensions on both sides of the fulcrum of the brake lever 2, but in this embodiment The lightweight structural features of each part have no essential impact on it. The lightweight structure can be applied to clamp units of various sizes, and only the local size and structure need to be fine-tuned.

To sum up, the lightweight clamp unit in this embodiment is used in the train braking system of high-speed railway EMUs. Because the brake clamp units used in various types of trains at this stage leave a lot of space in the structural design process. Safety margin, the materials of each part are far from reaching the strength limit during use, resulting in weight redundancy, and there is a large room for optimization; in this embodiment, the hanger 1, the brake lever 2 and the brake pad holder 3 are After structural optimization and design of other main structural parts, on the basis of ensuring the mechanical performance requirements, it has lightweight structural characteristics, which can meet the lightweight and braking performance requirements of the EMU, laying the foundation for the realization of lightweight EMUs.

The entire hanger 1 has a light structure. The upper plate body 11 connected to the upper side of the brake lever 2 cancels the complete plane structure. An arc-shaped transition plate 113 is used between the plane where the upper connecting ring 114 is located and the suspension pin mounting barrel 115. The arc is used. The inclined planes are transitionally connected in the form of diagonal spans. The upper end of the hanger 1 is fixed on the train bogie through the suspension pin 1151, and the lower end bears the gravity of the brake lever 2 and the brake cylinder and the possible impact force under different working conditions through the lower plate body 12. The load-bearing plate 122 in the lower plate body 12 adopts a variable cross-section design and also adopts a hollow structure, which greatly reduces the weight of the parts while meeting the mechanical performance requirements. There is a reinforcing rib structure (i.e. longitudinal reinforcing rib 111) designed at the center of the upper plate body 11 of the hanger 1. There are two ways to arrange it, namely a single reinforcing rib structure located at the center of the hollow surface of the upper plate body 11, and about The hanger 1 has a double reinforcement structure distributed symmetrically on the central plane. The upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 are connected by two vertical rod-shaped structures (i.e., the first connecting rod 13). The joints between the upper plate body 11 and the lower plate body 12 are provided with rounded corners and rounded corners. Reinforcing ribs (ie, quadrilateral support ribs 131 and transition arc ribs 132), the combination of the two can ensure structural strength and avoid processing deformation.

Each brake lever 2 has a lightweight structure, and the cross-sectional size of each rod member is small. The hole wall thickness and axial length of the first end ring 211 and the second end ring 213 are reduced compared with existing products, significantly reducing the number of parts. volume. The outer low-stress area of the brake lever 2 is designed to be thinned (that is, the outer thickness of each parallel plate 21 is thinned), which reduces the weight of the part. Each brake pad holder 3 has a lightweight structure. The brake pad holder 3 is designed to reduce weight based on the basic structure and functional principles of existing products. Its main feature is to reduce the thickness of the reinforcing ribs in the low-stress areas, and to increase the thickness of the ribs in the large plane. The part is hollowed out. Specifically, hollow areas are respectively provided in the first side edge area, the second side edge area, and the back center area of the dovetail groove 321, but trapezoidal shapes are left on both sides of the first connecting ring 34 and the second connecting ring 35. The shape of the reinforcing ribs (ie, the above-mentioned first planar ribs 391 and second planar ribs 392) can be used to transmit the pressure of the brake lever 2 during braking to all parts of the brake pad contact surface as evenly as possible.

The brake levers 2 and the corresponding brake pad holders 3 on the left and right sides of the entire lightweight clamp unit are symmetrical structures, and the entire lightweight structure is completely symmetrical. The entire lightweight structure can significantly reduce the overall weight of the brake caliper unit while ensuring strength, laying an important foundation for the lightweight work of the high-speed EMU. During the design process, multiple considerations such as lightweight structure and manufacturing process were taken into consideration. The structure is simple and easy to implement in engineering. The entire structure has not changed its main installation dimensions and mechanical interface dimensions, and can be matched with various existing brake cylinders and train bogies without interference and strong versatility. The entire structure has undergone repeated structural optimization during the design process, and has a more reasonable distribution method and size, minimizing the impact of local high stress areas and stress concentration and other dangerous factors, with high safety and reliability, and greatly reducing the risk of The overall weight of the brake caliper unit is reduced, which provides an important guarantee for improving the traction braking performance of high-speed EMUs.

The above are only illustrative embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A lightweight brake caliper unit, characterized by comprising: A hanger, which includes an upper plate body and a lower plate body spaced up and down, and a first connecting rod connected between the upper plate body and the lower plate body, located on the upper plate body near its middle position There are longitudinal reinforcing ribs and a first hollow hole, and a second hollow hole is provided in the middle of the lower plate body; Two brake levers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hanger. The middle part of each brake lever is pivotally connected to the hanger. The first end of each brake lever is used to connect with the brake lever. cylinder connection; And two brake pad holders, the front of each brake pad holder is used to connect with the brake pad, and the back is used to pivot with the second end of the corresponding brake lever, on each of the brake pad holders Both are equipped with multiple third hollow holes; Wherein, the upper plate body includes an arc-shaped transition plate and two upper connecting rings, and a suspension pin installation barrel is connected in the middle of the first side of the arc-shaped transition plate for connecting to the bogie through the suspension pin; the two The upper connecting ring is symmetrically connected to both ends of the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate for pivoting with the corresponding brake lever; The arc-shaped transition plate is a concave arc-shaped plate formed by a smooth upward transition from its second side to the first side, and part of the outer side profile of the arc-shaped transition plate is formed by each of the upper connecting rings. The suspension mounting barrel has a smoothly transitioning arc-shaped profile, and the longitudinal reinforcing ribs and the first hollow hole are both provided on the arc-shaped transition plate; The lower plate body includes a load-bearing plate and two lower connection rings. The two lower connection rings are symmetrically connected to both ends of the second side of the load-bearing plate for pivotal connection with the corresponding brake lever; The second hollow hole is provided in the middle of the load-bearing plate, and the thickness of the load-bearing plate close to the second side is greater than the thickness close to the first side; there are two first connecting rods, and the two first connecting rods are Both ends of the first connecting rod are respectively connected to the second side bottom surface of the arc-shaped transition plate and the second side top surface of the load-bearing plate; the two first connecting rods are connected to the arc-shaped transition plate and the second side top surface of the load-bearing plate. Quadrilateral support ribs are provided in the quadrilateral area enclosed between the load-bearing plates, and transition arc ribs are provided at the four corners of the quadrilateral support ribs; The arc-shaped transition plate, the upper connecting ring, the longitudinal reinforcing rib, the hanging pin mounting tube, the first connecting rod, the quadrilateral support rib, the transition arc rib, the load-bearing plate and The lower connecting ring is integrally formed. 2. The lightweight brake caliper unit according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal reinforcing rib is a long diagonal rib extending from the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate to the first side; There is one longitudinal reinforcing rib located in the middle of the arc-shaped transition plate, and there are two first hollow holes symmetrically distributed on both sides of the longitudinal reinforcing rib; or There are two longitudinal reinforcing ribs and they are arranged close to the middle of the arc-shaped transition plate and at intervals. There are three first hollow holes and they are distributed between the two longitudinal reinforcing ribs and between the two longitudinal reinforcing ribs. Reinforce both sides of the rib. 3. The lightweight brake caliper unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two first connecting rods are arranged in parallel and spaced apart; or The two first connecting rods are spaced apart and form an isosceles trapezoidal area enclosed between the arc-shaped transition plate and the load-bearing plate, and the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoidal area is close to the arc-shaped transition plate. layout. 4. The lightweight brake caliper unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connection between the second side of the arc-shaped transition plate and each of the upper connecting rings, the connection between the second side of the load-bearing plate and each of the lower connecting rings, and the connection between each of the first connecting rods and The connection between the arc-shaped transition plate and the load-bearing plate is provided with a transition fillet. 5. The lightweight brake caliper unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each brake lever includes two parallel plates spaced up and down and a second connecting rod connected between the two parallel plates. The two parallel plates in each brake lever The first end is used to be connected to the brake cylinder, and the second end is used to be pivotally connected to the corresponding back side of the brake pad holder; The thickness of the inner portion of each parallel plate close to the hanger is greater than the thickness of the outer portion away from the hanger. 6. The lightweight brake caliper unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the brake blade holders includes a support body. A dovetail groove is formed on the front side of the support body and is recessed toward the back side for installing the brake blade. A dovetail groove is provided on the back side of the support body at a position corresponding to the dovetail groove. There are a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat spaced up and down. The first mounting seat includes two first connecting rings spaced up and down. The second mounting seat includes two second connecting rings spaced up and down. The first mounting base and the second mounting base are used to be pivotally connected to the corresponding second end of the brake lever; The plurality of third hollow holes include three middle hollow holes, a plurality of first side hollow holes and a plurality of second side hollow holes. The three middle hollow holes are respectively provided between the two first connecting rings. Between, between the two second connecting rings, and between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, and all pass through the bottom of the dovetail groove, each of the first side hollow holes is provided at each Between the first side edge of the support body and the dovetail groove and through the plate surface of the support body, each of the second side hollow holes is provided between the second side edge of the support body and the dovetail groove. between and through the board surface of the support body. 7. The lightweight brake caliper unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first side reinforcing rib and a second side reinforcing rib are respectively provided on the back side of the support body and on both sides of the middle hollow hole, and the first side reinforcing rib is provided at the bottom of the dovetail groove. The back and its two ends are respectively connected to the corresponding first connecting ring and the second connecting ring. A first transverse diagonal rib is provided between the middle of the first side reinforcing rib and the first side edge of the bracket. ;The second side reinforcing rib is arranged close to the second side edge of the support body and its two ends are respectively connected to the corresponding first connecting ring and the second connecting ring; The plurality of first side hollow holes include two groups of first holes arranged symmetrically up and down relative to the first transverse diagonal ribs. Each group of the first holes includes at least two first holes arranged up and down at intervals. The support body between the two first hollow holes forms a first planar rib that is narrow on the outside and wide on the inside; a plurality of the second side hollow holes include symmetrical ribs arranged up and down relative to the first transverse oblique ribs. Two groups of second holes, each group of the second holes includes at least two second holes spaced up and down, and the supporting body between two adjacent second holes constitutes a third hole that is narrow on the outside and wide on the inside. Two plane ribs. 8. The lightweight brake caliper unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first side reinforcing ribs include lateral diagonal ribs extending along the length direction of the support body. Both ends of the lateral diagonal ribs are respectively connected to the first connecting ring and the third connecting ring through corresponding transition ribs. Two connecting rings are connected; the second side reinforcement includes lateral flat bars extending along the length direction of the support body, and the two ends of the lateral flat bars are connected to the first through corresponding second transverse diagonal bars. The ring is connected to the second connecting ring.