CN115131482A - Rendering method, device and device for lighting information in game scene - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, device and device for rendering lighting information in a game scene, relating to the technical field of 3D rendering, capable of adaptively arranging lighting probes, reducing the update, transmission and storage costs of lighting information sampling in the game scene, and improving lighting Information rendering efficiency. The method includes: using the data structure of the spatial region in the game scene to segment the spatial region, extracting the spatial voxels containing objects, and the data structure is grid data containing multiple levels; traversing the grid data of multiple levels , set an effective light probe for the space voxels that contain objects to obtain the first light probe grid of the space area; set up virtual light probes for the space voxels that do not contain objects to obtain the second light probe of the space area Needle grid; transmit the lighting information collected by the second light probe grid to the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene according to the texture resource information.

Description

Rendering method, device and device for lighting information in game scene

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of 3D rendering, and in particular, to a method, apparatus and device for rendering lighting information in a game scene.

Background technique

With the rise of the game industry, many 3D games require scenes. The establishment of rendering scenes, coupled with physical effects, can visualize the game scene and improve the player's game effect. Because the game scene is a virtual world described by computer technology, the virtual world is similar to the real world. The scene contains light, objects, and the light emitted by the objects in the game and the light source of the scene, and the phenomenon of reflection or refraction occurs. In order to improve the authenticity of the game scene Generally, global illumination is used for rendering. Global illumination uses a series of complex algorithms to calculate the bounce of light between object surfaces after being emitted from the light source. Usually, accurate simulation is achieved at runtime, and the computational overhead used is relatively large.

In the actual development scene, for the global illumination effect of dynamic objects, light probe collectors distributed in the game scene are usually used to sample the lighting information pixel by pixel. Light samples from all directions to form lighting information in the game scene. However, the way of sampling lighting information in pixels requires the use of more accurate light probes. The number of pixel textures in the game scene determines the number of light probes, and a large number of pixel textures require fast sampling by GPU hardware to a certain extent. Millions of light probes per frame make the update, transmission and storage costs of lighting information sampling in the game scene high, affecting the rendering efficiency of lighting information.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the present application provides a method, device and device for rendering lighting information in a game scene, the main purpose of which is to solve the problem that the update, transmission and storage costs of lighting information sampling in the game scene of the prior art are relatively high and affect the illumination information. Rendering efficiency issues.

According to a first aspect of the present application, a method for rendering lighting information in a game scene is provided, including:

The spatial region is segmented by using the data structure of the spatial region in the game scene, and the spatial voxels containing objects are extracted, and the data structure is grid data containing multiple levels;

Traverse the grid data of the multiple levels, set valid illumination probes for the spatial voxels that contain objects, and obtain a first illumination probe grid of the spatial area, the first illumination probe grid includes valid illumination probes light probe;

Supplementary setting of virtual light probes for spatial voxels that do not contain objects, to obtain a second light probe grid of the spatial region, where the second light probe grid includes effective light probes and virtual light probes;

The lighting information collected by the second lighting probe grid is transmitted to the texture resource information, and the lighting information in the game scene is rendered according to the texture resource information.

Further, the data structure is a tree structure formed by the spatial region, and the spatial region is segmented by using the data structure of the spatial region in the game scene, and the spatial voxels containing objects are extracted, specifically including: : Use the tree structure formed by the spatial region to perform multi-level segmentation on the spatial region to form multiple levels of spatial voxels; during the segmentation process of the multi-level spatial region, determine the Whether the space voxel contains objects; if so, the space voxels in the divided level are divided into the next level until the number of levels reaches the preset threshold, and the space voxels containing objects are extracted.

Further, setting an effective illumination probe for the space voxel containing the object to obtain the first illumination probe grid of the space area specifically includes: for the space voxel containing the object, obtaining the space voxel in the space voxel. Grid positions in the grid data of multiple levels; valid light probes are set on vertices in the first grid positions to obtain a first light probe grid in the spatial area.

Further, the supplementary setting of virtual light probes for spatial voxels that do not contain objects to obtain a second light probe grid of the spatial region specifically includes: traversing the grid data of the multiple levels, for each level The spatial voxel that does not contain the object, obtain the second grid position where the spatial voxel is located in the grid data of multiple levels; determine whether the four vertices of the grid position are set with valid light probes ; if not, set up a virtual light probe for the vertices in the grid position where no valid light probe is set to obtain the second light probe mesh of the space area.

Further, before the lighting information collected by the second lighting probe grid is transmitted to the texture resource information, and the lighting information in the game scene is rendered according to the texture resource information, the method further includes: The method includes: extracting the spatial logical relationship mapped by the lighting information in the second light probe grid, and storing the spatial logical relationship into texture resource information.

Further, the rendering of the lighting information in the game scene according to the texture resource information specifically includes: expanding the lighting information in the texture resource information into a three-dimensional block data set according to the spatial logical relationship, and using indirect The texture records the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets; the three-dimensional block data sets are merged by using the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets in the indirect texture to form tree-structured three-dimensional block texture information, and the three-dimensional block texture information is formed. The spatial position of the lighting information in the game scene is recorded in the block texture information; according to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene, the lighting information of the corresponding spatial position is read from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure. render.

Further, expanding the lighting information in the texture resource information into a three-dimensional block data set according to the spatial logical relationship, and recording the hierarchical relationship between each three-dimensional block data set using an indirect texture, specifically includes: according to the The spatial logical relationship is to extract the hierarchical distribution of effective light probes and virtual light probes in the second light probe grid; according to the levels of the effective light probes and virtual light probes in the second light probe grid distribution, expand the lighting information in the texture resource information into the three-dimensional block data, and use the indirect texture to record the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets.

Further, according to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene, the lighting information of the corresponding spatial position is read from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure for rendering, which specifically includes: according to the viewpoint position in the game scene. The spatial position of , obtains the indirect texture representing the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure; using the indirect texture representing the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets, read The illumination information of the corresponding spatial position in the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure is taken for rendering.

According to a second aspect of the present application, a method for rendering lighting information in a game scene is provided, including:

Obtain the close-range voxels included in the space voxels in the game scene, where the close-range voxels are voxels that meet the distance condition in the voxels of the preset level formed by the division of space voxels in the game scene, and the distance condition is the volume The bounding box of the pixel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene;

creating effective lighting probes and virtual lighting probes for the close-range voxels included in the spatial voxels, and generating a probe grid of the spatial voxels, where the probe grids are used to capture lighting information in the game scene;

Combine and store the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene;

In response to the rendering instruction of the lighting information, a rendering task is established by using the texture resource information, and the lighting information in the game scene is rendered.

Further, the obtaining of the close-range voxels of the surface of the object in the game scene specifically includes: obtaining the space area covered by the object to be attached in the game scene, and dividing each space voxel in the space area into preset levels traverse each voxel in the preset level, and determine that the bounding box of the divided voxel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene; if so, determine that the divided voxel is the close distance of the surface of the object in the game scene voxels.

Further, creating effective illumination probes and virtual illumination probes for the close-range voxels included in the spatial voxels, and generating a probe grid of the spatial voxels, specifically includes: for the spatial voxels in the hierarchical level create a valid light probe for the close-range voxels in Probes are used to seamlessly interpolate illumination data sampled by close-range voxels in the spatial voxels.

Further, adding a virtual voxel corresponding to the level for the spatial voxel, and creating a virtual light probe for the voxels that meet the addition conditions in the virtual voxel, specifically includes: for more than one of the spatial voxels. The level of the level, the virtual voxel corresponding to the level is added, and the virtual voxel is mapped with the voxel of the corresponding level in the space voxel; the virtual voxel corresponding to the level is traversed, and the mapped volume in the space voxel is judged Whether a valid light probe exists for the voxel; if not, a virtual light probe is created for the virtual voxel.

Further, before combining and storing the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene, the method further includes: according to the viewpoint position in the game scene, The illumination information captured by the probe grid of the space voxel is expanded into a three-dimensional block data set to form a three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure; in the process of expanding into a three-dimensional block data set, all The hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block data set mapping is recorded in the indirect texture information;

The combining and storing the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene specifically includes: combining the three-dimensional block texture information with the indirect texture The information is merged into the texture resource information.

Further, according to the viewpoint position in the game scene, the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel is expanded into a three-dimensional block data set to form a three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure, which specifically includes: : use the effective illumination probes in the probe grid to sample the illumination data in the game scene, and perform interpolation operation on the illumination data to obtain the first illumination information of the viewpoint position in the game scene; use the probe grid The middle virtual light probe performs seamless interpolation on the lighting data sampled by the close-range voxels in the space voxels, so as to obtain the second lighting information of the viewpoint position in the game scene; The first illumination information and the second illumination information are expanded into a three-dimensional block data set to form three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure.

Further, establishing a rendering task by using the texture resource information to render the lighting information in the game scene specifically includes: establishing a rendering task by using the texture resource information, and obtaining three-dimensional blocks from the indirect texture information The hierarchical relationship of texture information mapping; according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping, query the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure; according to the position of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure from The illumination information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel is sampled from the three-dimensional block texture information, and the illumination information is rendered.

Further, the querying the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping, specifically includes: extracting the three-dimensional block texture information according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping. The level and offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure; according to the level and offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure, calculate the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure. Location information in the structure.

According to a third aspect of the present application, an apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene is provided, including:

an extraction unit, used for segmenting the spatial region by using the data structure of the spatial region in the game scene, and extracting the spatial voxels containing objects, and the data structure is grid data containing multiple levels;

The first setting unit is used for traversing the grid data of the multiple levels, setting effective illumination probes for the spatial voxels containing objects, and obtaining a first illumination probe grid of the spatial area, the first The light probe grid contains valid light probes;

The second setting unit is used to supplementally set virtual light probes for spatial voxels that do not contain objects, so as to obtain a second light probe grid of the spatial area, where the second light probe grid includes effective light probes and virtual light probes. light probe;

The first rendering unit is configured to transmit the lighting information collected by the second lighting probe grid to the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene according to the texture resource information.

Further, the data structure is a tree structure formed by the spatial region, and the extraction unit includes: a segmentation module, configured to perform multi-level multi-level analysis on the spatial region by using the tree structure formed by the spatial region Segmentation to form spatial voxels of multiple levels; the first judgment module is used to judge whether the spatial voxels in the divided levels contain objects during the segmentation process of the multi-level spatial area; the extraction module is used to If so, the space voxels in the segmented level are segmented to the next level until the number of levels reaches a preset threshold, and the space voxels containing objects are extracted.

Further, the first setting unit includes: a first acquisition module, for acquiring the grid positions of the spatial voxels in the grid data of multiple levels for the spatial voxels containing objects; A setting module, configured to set valid light probes at vertices in the first grid position to obtain a first light probe grid of the spatial region.

Further, the second setting unit includes: a second acquisition module, used for traversing the grid data of the multiple levels, and for the spatial voxels that do not contain objects in each level, acquiring the spatial voxel in the multi-level. The second grid position in the grid data of each level; the second judgment module is used for judging whether the four vertices of the grid position are set with valid light probes; the second setting module is used for if not , then a virtual light probe is additionally set for the vertices in the grid position where the valid light probe is not set to obtain the second light probe mesh of the space area.

Further, the apparatus further includes: an extraction unit, configured to transmit the illumination information collected by the second illumination probe grid to the texture resource information, and perform an extraction method according to the texture resource information in the game scene. Before rendering the illumination information of the second illumination probe, the spatial logical relationship mapped by the illumination information in the second illumination probe grid is extracted, and the spatial logical relationship is stored in the texture resource information.

Further, the first rendering unit includes: an expansion module, configured to expand the lighting information in the texture resource information into a three-dimensional block data set according to the spatial logical relationship, and record the three-dimensional block data set using an indirect texture. The merging module is used for merging the three-dimensional block data sets by using the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets in the indirect texture to form three-dimensional block texture information in a tree structure, and the three-dimensional block texture information The information records the spatial position of the lighting information in the game scene; the reading module is used to read the corresponding spatial position from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure according to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene. Lighting information for rendering.

Further, the expansion module is specifically configured to extract the hierarchical distribution of the effective illumination probes and the virtual illumination probes in the second illumination probe grid according to the spatial logical relationship; In accordance with the hierarchical distribution of the effective light probes and the virtual light probes in the second light probe grid, the light information in the texture resource information is expanded into the three-dimensional block data, and the indirect texture is used to record the three-dimensional blocks. Hierarchical relationships between datasets.

Further, the reading module is specifically configured to obtain the indirect texture representing the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure according to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene. The reading module is specifically also used to use the indirect texture representing the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets to read the illumination information of the corresponding spatial position in the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure for rendering .

According to a fourth aspect of the present application, an apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene is provided, including:

The obtaining unit is used to obtain the close-range voxels included in the space voxels in the game scene, and the close-range voxels are the voxels that meet the distance conditions in the voxels of the preset level formed by the division of space voxels in the game scene, so The distance condition is that the bounding box of the voxel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene;

The creation unit is used to create effective light probes and virtual light probes for the close-range voxels contained in the spatial voxels, and generate a probe grid of the spatial voxels, and the probe grid is used to capture the scene in the game scene. light information;

a storage unit, configured to combine and store the illumination information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene;

The second rendering unit is configured to, in response to a rendering instruction of the lighting information, establish a rendering task by using the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene.

Further, the acquisition unit includes: a segmentation module, configured to acquire the spatial area covered by the object to be attached in the game scene, and segment each spatial voxel in the spatial area into voxels of a preset level; third The judgment module is used to traverse each voxel in the preset level, and judge that the bounding box of the divided voxel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene; the determination module is used to determine that the divided voxel is the game scene Close-up voxels on the surface of the object.

Further, the creation unit includes: a creation module for creating effective illumination probes for close-range voxels in the spatial voxels in a hierarchical level; an addition module for adding hierarchical correspondence to the spatial voxels virtual voxels, create virtual light probes for voxels that meet the addition conditions in the virtual voxels, and the virtual light probes are used to sample the lighting of the close-range voxels in the space voxels The data is seamlessly interpolated.

Further, the adding module includes: adding a sub-module for adding a virtual voxel corresponding to the hierarchical level for the hierarchical level greater than the first order in the spatial voxel, the virtual voxel and the corresponding hierarchical level in the spatial voxel The voxel phase mapping of Voxels create virtual light probes.

Further, the device further includes: an expansion unit, configured to combine and store the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene, according to the game scene The viewpoint position in the scene expands the illumination information captured by the probe grid of the space voxel into a three-dimensional block data set to form a three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure; the recording unit is used to expand to three-dimensional block texture information; In the process of dividing the data set, the hierarchical relationship mapped by the three-dimensional dividing data set is recorded in the indirect texture information; the storage unit is further configured to combine the three-dimensional dividing texture information and the indirect texture information Stored in the texture resource information.

Further, the expansion unit includes: an operation module for sampling the illumination data in the game scene by using the effective illumination probes in the probe grid, and performing interpolation operation on the illumination data to obtain the position of the viewpoint in the game scene The first illumination information; an interpolation module, used to seamlessly interpolate the illumination data sampled by the close-range voxels in the space voxels by using the virtual illumination probe in the probe grid to obtain the game scene The second illumination information of the viewpoint position; the expansion module is used to expand the first illumination information and the second illumination information of the viewpoint position in the game scene into a three-dimensional block data set, forming a three-dimensional block of a multi-level tree structure texture information.

Further, the second rendering unit includes: an acquisition module, used for establishing a rendering task by using the texture resource information, and acquiring the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping from the indirect texture information; a query module, used for according to The hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping is to query the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure; the sampling module is used to select the three-dimensional texture information from the three-dimensional texture information according to the position of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure. Lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel is sampled from the block texture information, and the lighting information is rendered.

Further, the query module includes: an extraction sub-module, configured to extract the level and offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping; calculate The sub-module is configured to calculate the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure according to the level and offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure.

According to a fifth aspect of the present application, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the method in the first aspect when the processor executes the computer program .

According to a sixth aspect of the present application, there is provided a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect above.

In game scenes, lighting is an important factor and an indispensable part of visual style. Usually, static and dynamic objects in game scenes may have different sizes or complex model structures. These art Assets are difficult to bake into valid lightmaps, and per-pixel sampling light probes can avoid the lighting effects of moving objects and the incongruity of the entire scene using static lightmaps, and can bring uniform indirect lighting to the scene, while at the same time Simplifies the complexity of the rendering pipeline and improves rendering efficiency. During the operation of the light probe, the light information can be sampled at the position of a light probe, and then the light information can be sampled from the positions of other light probes adjacent to the light probe, and then These sampled lighting information is interpolated to calculate the lighting information of a certain position between these light probes.

As a way for light probes to collect lighting information, it can sample objects one by one in the game scene, including object-by-object parameter sampling and object-by-object 3D texture sampling. In the process of object-by-object parameter sampling, illumination changes depend on The surface normal of the object needs to be used in the solution stage. It is sufficient for small objects, but it may cause lighting mismatch and discontinuity with adjacent larger models. Therefore, in the The CPU side performs one-to-one collection, update, and sampling, and has its corresponding interpolated SH coefficient (Spherical Harmonic, spherical harmonic function) for each related object, which is relatively easy to maintain and low-cost; in the object-by-object 3D texture sampling In the process, the hardware acceleration function is used to perform sampling interpolation calculation on the GPU side, which improves the sampling effect of lighting information to a certain extent compared with the above-mentioned method of sampling corresponding parameters one by one.

As another way of collecting lighting information for light probes, sampling can be performed pixel by pixel in the game scene. Since the screen pixels are fixed, the method of collecting lighting information by pixel units instead of object units can provide more accurate Light probes, and in pixel or compute shaders, when linearly interpolating between multiple light probes, GPU hardware can be used to quickly sample the lighting information captured by millions of light probes per frame.

With the above technical solutions, the present application provides a method, device and device for rendering lighting information in a game scene. Compared with the existing method of using object-by-object sampling lighting information, the present application uses pixel-by-pixel sampling lighting information. On the one hand, it can provide indirect lighting for a large number of and complex objects, and is suitable for a variety of lighting collection scenarios. Compared with the existing method of using pixel-by-pixel sampling illumination information, the present application obtains the close-range voxels contained in the spatial voxels in the game scene, and the close-range voxels are voxels close to the surface of the object, which requires a larger number of Light probes, further create effective light probes and virtual light probes for close-range voxels contained in space voxels, generate probe grids for space voxels, and can adaptively layout light probes and virtual light probes. As an auxiliary effective light probe, the virtual light probe provides seamless interpolation for the game scene, and combines and stores the light information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene. The resource information can deal with the lighting information sampling of different game scenes, so that the pixels on the same screen can sample interpolation results of different surface densities according to their different spatial positions, and then use the texture resource information to create rendering in response to the rendering instructions of the lighting information. The task is to render the lighting information in the game scene. The texture resource information caches the 3D texture address of the game scene. Since the number of pixel textures in the game scene determines the number of light probes, and a large number of voxels are arranged through adaptive layout Light probes can save the number of light probes, without the need for GPU hardware to quickly sample millions of light probes per frame, reduce the update, transmission and storage costs of lighting information sampling in game scenes, and improve the rendering efficiency of lighting information.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above-mentioned and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand , and the specific embodiments of the present application are listed below.

Description of drawings

The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application. In the attached image:

1 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2a-2c show schematic diagrams of a process of creating a light probe in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of another method for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of another method for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

5a-5b show schematic diagrams of a rendering process of lighting information in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of an apparatus structure of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will now be discussed with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to better understand and thus implement the content of the present invention, and do not imply any limitation on the scope of the present invention.

As used herein, the term "including" and variations thereof are to be read as open-ended terms meaning "including, but not limited to." The term "based on" is to be read as "based at least in part on". The terms "one embodiment" and "one embodiment" are to be read as "at least one embodiment." The term "another embodiment" is to be read as "at least one other embodiment."

This embodiment provides a method for rendering lighting information in a game scene. As shown in FIG. 1 , the method is applied to a client of a scene rendering tool, and includes the following steps:

101. Use the data structure of the spatial region in the game scene to segment the spatial region, and extract the spatial voxels containing objects.

102. Traverse the grid data of the multiple levels, set an effective illumination probe for the spatial voxel containing the object, and obtain a first illumination probe grid of the spatial region.

103. Supplementary setting of virtual light probes for spatial voxels that do not contain objects, to obtain a second light probe grid of the spatial region.

104. Transmit the lighting information collected by the second lighting probe grid into texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene according to the texture resource information.

The method for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by the embodiment of the present invention divides the space area by using the data structure of the space area in the game scene, and extracts the space voxels containing objects, and the data structure includes multiple levels of Grid data, each level contains the corresponding number of spatial voxels, the grid data can be used to form the relative spatial position relationship between the spatial voxels and objects in the spatial area, so as to obtain the spatial position with strong illumination changes, and The space voxels with objects are set up with effective light probes, and the first light probe grid is obtained, so that the light probes can be adaptively arranged in the spatial positions with strong light changes, and the grid data of multiple levels is traversed. The space voxels of the object are supplemented with virtual light probes to obtain the second light probe grid in the space area, so that the space voxels between different levels can be effectively interpolated and transitioned during the lighting information sampling process, aiming at the light density in the game scene. Unevenly distributed positions can provide more effective lighting information sampling results, transmit the lighting information collected by the second lighting probe grid to the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene according to the texture resource information. Lighting information is collected by the effective light probes set around the object. It is not necessary to use a large number of effective light probes to collect qualified light information, which simplifies the complexity of rendering, and the virtual light probe can be collected in the effective light probe. In the process of lighting information, the effect of supplementary interpolation is provided to ensure the rich expressiveness of real-time rendering.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the data structure of the space area may be a tree structure formed by the space area, and may be a quad tree, an octree, a hexadecimal tree, etc. The tree structure formed by the area divides the space area at multiple levels to form multiple levels of space voxels, and during the division of the level space area, it is judged whether the space voxels in the level after division contain objects. If yes, perform next-level segmentation on the spatial voxels in the split level until the number of levels reaches the preset threshold, and extract the spatial voxels that contain objects, where the contained objects refer to the spatial volume close to the surface of the object white.

It can be understood that in the process of dividing the space area, first start with a large voxel, where the large voxel is used as the space area to be divided at the beginning, which can be set based on the level of the minimum space voxel. , for example, the minimum spatial voxel is 1*1*1, the number of levels of the spatial area is 3, and the spatial area is 8*8*8, which can also be customized. Then, before segmenting the large voxels, determine whether the space area contains objects. If so, segment the large voxels. Otherwise, do not segment the large voxels. Two sub-voxels, respectively determine whether each sub-voxel is an object. Similarly, if it is, the sub-voxels are segmented. Otherwise, the sub-voxels are not segmented. A spatial voxel of a level is formed, where the voxel size of the spatial voxel keeps getting smaller as the level increases. For example, the spatial voxel of the first level, that is, the first large spatial voxel, corresponds to The largest voxel, and the highest-level spatial voxel, that is, the corresponding spatial voxel after the spatial region is divided multiple times, corresponds to the smallest voxel, and does not increase a level, the size of the voxel is doubled and reduced, and finally each After each space area is divided, multiple levels of grid data will be formed, but the distribution of levels in the grid data is uneven, only the space area around the object will be divided, and the divided space voxels will be divided. The level distribution is also unequal. For example, for the 8*8*8 space area, the location of the space area containing the object is in the upper left corner, and it is in the second level. After the first division, 4 pieces of 4*4 are formed. *4 The space voxel is the space voxel of the first level. For the space voxel of the first level, only the space voxel containing the object will be divided into the space voxel of the second level, that is, the space voxel in the first level. The other 3 spatial voxels at the first level will not be segmented. After the second segmentation, 4 2*2*2 spatial voxels are formed. Similarly, for the second level spatial voxels, only the The space voxels of the object will be divided into the third-level space voxels. If the 4 space voxels on the second level all contain objects, then the third space formed by dividing the 4 space voxels will be formed. Hierarchical spatial voxels, that is, each second-level spatial voxel will form four 1*1*1 spatial voxels.

Due to the uneven distribution of levels in grid data, in order to distribute light probes of different densities in the game scene, it is possible to traverse the grid data of multiple levels, and for the spatial voxels containing objects, obtain the spatial voxels in the multi-level. For the grid position in the grid data of each level, set valid light probes at the four vertices of the grid position to obtain the first light probe grid of the spatial area, where the spatial voxels are at different levels, which may Duplicate vertices appear. For example, the positions of the four vertices in the spatial region may only be at the first level, or may be at the second or third level during the segmentation process. For mesh data of multiple levels, the spatial volume is obtained. The grid position where the pixel is located in the grid data of multiple levels, and it is judged whether a valid light probe is set at the four vertices of the grid position. Supplementary setting of virtual light probes to obtain the second light probe grid in the space area, so that the multi-level grid data is filled with valid light probes and virtual light probes, where virtual light probes do not capture light The purpose is to use virtual light probes for seamless interpolation in the subsequent process of using effective light probes to sample light information, so as to improve the sampling results of light information.

The following takes 2D quadtree as an example of a specific application scenario. As shown in Figures 2a-2c, first of all, for the segmentation process of the spatial region, as shown in Figure 2a, the spatial voxels formed by the spatial region are used as the first level Spatial voxels, since the first-level spatial voxels contain objects, then the first-level spatial voxels are segmented to form 4 second-level spatial voxels, and it is further determined whether each second-level spatial voxel is Contains objects, if so, segment the second-level space voxels until reaching the third-level space voxels; secondly, adaptively set light probes (effective light probes and virtual light probes) for the space voxels needle), as shown in Figure 2b, where the solid line circles represent the effective light probes. Since the first-level space voxels contain objects, the effective light probes are placed at the four corners of the first-level space voxels. , and for the space voxel of the second level, only the four corners of the space voxel containing the object are placed with valid light probes, as shown in the solid line part in Figure 2c, only the intersections at the solid line position are placed with valid light probes. At this time, the same position as the first level may appear, and there is no need to repeatedly place valid light probes, but for the spatial voxels where no valid light probes are placed on different levels, as shown in the dotted line in Figure 2c, Supplement Set the virtual light probe, that is, place the virtual light probe at the intersection of the dotted line. Here, the virtual light probe is represented by a dotted circle, and finally a light probe grid containing effective light probes and virtual light probes is formed.

Further, since the collection process of illumination information is affected by the position of the illumination probe in the illumination probe grid, the illumination information of different spatial positions will also be affected by each other, so it is necessary to extract the second illumination probe before rendering the illumination information. According to the spatial logical relationship mapped by the lighting information in the grid, the spatial logical relationship is stored in the texture resource information, and then in the process of rendering the lighting information, the lighting information in the texture resource information is expanded to the following according to the spatial logical relationship. In the 3D block data set, the indirect texture is used to record the hierarchical relationship between the 3D block data sets, and the hierarchical relationship between the 3D block data sets in the indirect texture is further used to merge the 3D block data sets to form a tree-structured 3D block. Texture information, the three-dimensional block texture information records the spatial position of the lighting information in the game scene. According to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene, the viewpoint position is equivalent to the spatial position corresponding to the viewing angle of the video device, and is based on the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene. The spatial position is used as the lighting collection position, and the lighting information of the corresponding spatial position is read from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure for rendering. , while saving storage and transmission overhead, while ensuring rendering accuracy.

Further, considering the distribution of effective light probes and virtual light probes in the second light probe grid, the light information in the texture resource information is expanded into the three-dimensional block data set according to the spatial logical relationship, and the indirect texture is used. In the process of recording the hierarchical relationship between each 3D block data set, first, according to the spatial logical relationship, the hierarchical distribution of the effective light probes and virtual light probes in the second light probe grid is extracted, and then the second light probe The hierarchical distribution of the effective light probes and virtual light probes in the grid, expand the light information in the texture resource information into the 3D block data, and use the indirect texture to record the hierarchical relationship between the 3D block data sets. Since indirect textures are not direct texture information, there is no need to transmit a large amount of texture information in the process of transmitting texture resource information, so as to improve the transmission efficiency and sampling efficiency of lighting information in the subsequent rendering process.

Further, in order to accurately obtain the actual lighting information in the game world, according to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene, the lighting information of the corresponding spatial position is read from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure for rendering. , first, according to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene, the indirect texture representing the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets is obtained from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure, and then the indirect texture representing the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets is used to represent the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets. The indirect texture of the relationship reads the lighting information of the corresponding spatial position in the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure for rendering. Since the indirect texture stores the level and offset of the 3D block data in the tree structure, the corresponding level and offset in the indirect texture can be sampled according to the world space position of the screen pixels to obtain the lighting information collected by the effective light probe. .

This embodiment provides another method for rendering lighting information in a game scene. As shown in FIG. 3 , the method is applied to the client of the scene rendering tool, and includes the following steps:

201. Acquire the close-range voxels contained in the space voxels in the game scene.

Games are real-time, dynamic, and interactive computer simulations. Many 3D games use 3D triangular meshes to represent the surface of objects. The detail layer that represents the surface of objects is stored in textures. When shading, light needs to be considered first. The object intersected with it, and then select the multi-level texture of the level of detail corresponding to the surface of the object for shading calculation. The spatial voxel is used as the volume unit of texture rendering in the game space. The object containing the spatial voxel can be rendered by stereo rendering or extraction. The polygonal isosurface of the thresholded contour is represented.

For the lighting effects involved in the game scene, global illumination is usually used for rendering. The global illumination considers the direct illumination of the light and as many diffuse reflection effects as possible, and the final light and shadow effect is closer to the real world. Specific global illumination refers to the calculation of light reflections around the game scene, responsible for creating many subtle shading effects, atmospheres, and shiny metal reflections in the environment. In the existing global illumination method, all indirect lighting is pre-calculated and stored in the texture information with light maps. The light map enables the game scene to have a similar effect to global illumination. Because of the pre-calculation, it is only valid on static objects. . For the global illumination of non-static objects, the use of light probes can simulate the effect of using lightmaps. The light probes can sample the lighting information that illuminates a specified point in the 3D space in the pre-calculation stage before running. , and then compile and pack the collected information through spherical harmonics. When the game is running, the shader program can encode the lighting information to quickly reconstruct the lighting effect. Similar to lightmaps, light probes store the lighting information in the scene, instead of the lightmaps that store the lighting information of the light hitting the surface of the object, the light probes store the lighting information when the light passes through the vacuum area. .

Among them, the space voxels in the game scene are equivalent to the three-dimensional space units in the game world, and the close-range voxels are the voxels that meet the distance conditions among the voxels of the preset level formed by the division of space voxels in the game scene, which are equivalent to close objects. The voxels of the surface, the distance condition is used as the basis for judging the voxels close to the surface of the object, which can be the intersection of the bounding box of the voxel and the bounding box of the object in the game scene. The pixels to be divided and the pixels that have been divided are judged. If the bounding box of the voxel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene, it means that the voxel is close to the surface of the object, that is, it is a close-range voxel.

In the embodiment of the present application, the placement of the light probes in the game world is usually done manually, and the placement position is adjusted according to the rendering result of the actual light information. The waste of time and space is very serious, and the probes cannot be Effective coverage along the surface of the object, by obtaining the close-range voxels contained in the spatial voxels in the game scene, you can locate the area on the surface of the object from the game world, and adaptively arrange light probes for the area on the surface of the object to collect To the lighting information with more environmental influence in the game scene, improve the sampling efficiency of lighting information.

The execution subject of this embodiment may be a rendering device or device for lighting information in the game scene, and may be configured on the client side of the scene rendering tool. After the game scene is arranged, the position information of the lighting probe in the game scene needs to be arranged. Since the light probe cannot be directly mounted on the game object, it usually needs to rely on the specified spatial area in the game scene. When adding a light probe to the game scene, you can obtain the spatial pixels contained in the game scene for the specified spatial area. The close-range voxel, the position of the close-range voxel in the game scene is used as the preferred position for placing the light probe, which can collect lighting information more in line with the requirements of the game scene and improve the lighting rendering effect.

202. Create an effective illumination probe and a virtual illumination probe for the close-range voxels included in the spatial voxels, and generate a probe grid of the spatial voxels.

Among them, the effective light probe is a light collector arranged at a sampling point with a real position in the game world, which can capture light from all directions at the sampling point, and encode the color information of the captured light into a set of lights that can be run in the game. The coefficients that are quickly evaluated in the process. Since the spatial pixels contain close-range voxels at the preset level, in order to ensure the interpolation effect of the sampling illumination information of the effective light probes arranged between different levels, the virtual light probe is an auxiliary effective light probe. GPU sampling can effectively interpolate transitions to form additional light collectors, which can provide seamless interpolation when sampling between larger voxels and smaller voxels in the game scene.

In the example of this application, the probe grid of spatial voxels is equivalent to a grid of tree structure, and the tree structure is the preset level formed by the division of spatial voxels. For example, the corresponding preset level of the octree structure is: 3, that is, the space voxels are divided into 8 voxels, and the corners of each voxel are formed into 2*2*2 probe grids, in order to distribute light probes of different densities in the game world, and adaptive minimization Create the total number. During the process of dividing space voxels, close-range voxels will be recorded. Close-range voxels have better lighting information sampling effect, and further create effective light probes for close-range voxels.

It is understandable that although an effective light probe can provide light information with interpolation effect, it still requires more than gigabytes of resources. Virtual light probes are added between different levels of spatial pixels. The virtual light probes can be associated with effective light probes in each level, and sample interpolation results of different densities in different spatial pixels in the game world according to the effective light probes to reduce lighting. The resource overhead of the information collection process.

203. Combine and store the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene.

Among them, the viewpoint position in the game scene is any sampling position where the lighting information is set in the game scene. For the viewpoint position, the effective light probe will continuously collect the lighting data that changes in the game scene, and then in the process of interpolating the lighting data, The virtual light probe is used to provide sampling interpolation results of different densities for the light data collected by the effective light probe, so as to form the light information captured by the probe grid and store it in the texture resource information.

Understandably, the lighting information captured by the spatial voxel probe grid includes pre-computed lighting data. Much of the budget overhead is generated at edit time, not at runtime. Light probes are stored across the scene space. The lighting data is integrated into the texture resource information. The texture resource information is equivalent to the light map of the dynamic object. It also includes the direct light source projected on the surface of the object in the scene, and the indirect light source reflected between different objects. The shader on the object material describes the surface information and bump information of the object.

204. In response to the rendering instruction of the lighting information, create a rendering task by using the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene.

Since the texture resource information can be used with accurate lighting information in the current game scene, a rendering task is further established by using the texture resource information, and the lighting information in the game scene is rendered. It can be understood that, in the same way, each scene data frame in the game scene will create a rendering task, and the scene rendering tool will submit the scene space in the game scene to the rendering queue at one time, and each renderable scene space, In addition to its own meshes and materials, there are also bounding boxes and their matrices in the game scene.

The method for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by the embodiment of the present application, compared with the existing method of sampling lighting information by object, the present application uses the method of sampling lighting information by pixel, on the one hand, it can provide a large number of complex objects. Provides indirect lighting and is suitable for a variety of lighting collection scenarios. On the other hand, it avoids the update cost of 3D textures from the CPU side to the GPU side, and the total number of objects sampled one by one limited by the transmission bandwidth. Compared with the existing method of using pixel-by-pixel sampling illumination information, the present application obtains the close-range voxels contained in the spatial voxels in the game scene, and the close-range voxels are voxels close to the surface of the object, which requires a larger number of Light probes, further create effective light probes and virtual light probes for close-range voxels contained in space voxels, generate probe grids for space voxels, and can adaptively layout light probes and virtual light probes. As an auxiliary effective light probe, the virtual light probe provides seamless interpolation for the game scene, and combines and stores the light information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene. The resource information can deal with the lighting information sampling of different game scenes, so that the pixels on the same screen can sample interpolation results of different surface densities according to their different spatial positions, and then use the texture resource information to create rendering in response to the rendering instructions of the lighting information. The task is to render the lighting information in the game scene. The texture resource information caches the 3D texture address of the game scene. Since the number of pixel textures in the game scene determines the number of light probes, and a large number of voxels are arranged through adaptive layout Light probes can save the number of light probes, without the need for GPU hardware to quickly sample millions of light probes per frame, reduce the update, transmission and storage costs of lighting information sampling in game scenes, and improve the rendering efficiency of lighting information.

Further, as a refinement and extension of the specific implementation of the above-mentioned embodiment, in order to fully describe the specific implementation process of this embodiment, this embodiment provides another method for rendering lighting information in a game scene, as shown in FIG. 4 , The method includes:

301. Acquire a spatial area covered by an object to be attached in a game scene, and divide each spatial voxel in the spatial area into voxels of a preset level.

A game scene consists of objects, some objects are solid, for example, a brick, some objects have no fixed shape, for example, a puff of smoke, but all objects occupy a volume in three-dimensional space, objects can be opaque, that is, light cannot pass through the Objects can also be transparent, i.e. light can pass through the object. When rendering an opaque object, you only need to consider its surface, without knowing what the inside of the object is like. When rendering a transparent or translucent object, you need to consider the reflection, refraction, scattering, absorption and other behaviors caused by light passing through the object. Combine the knowledge of the internal structure and properties of objects.

Light in the game scene can control the activities of the characters, affect the mood of the players, and also affect the way of perceiving various events. The game engine, as a tool for game development, can observe various effects in real time during the production of games, including intensity, color, etc. , shadows, etc. can be flexibly adjusted in the production. Under normal circumstances, for static objects in the game scene, global illumination can be used to bake lightmaps. When baking a lightmap, the objects in the game scene will calculate a map result based on the influence of light, and stack them in the game scene. The lighting effect is established on the object. The light map can include the direct light source projected to the surface of the object in the scene, and the indirect light source reflected between different objects. The surface information and bump information of the object can be described through the shader on the object material. Although the lightmaps of static objects cannot change the lighting conditions of the game scene during the execution of the game, the pre-computed real-time global illumination system can calculate complex scene light source interactions in real time. Reflection, and reflect changes in the light source in real time. For dynamic objects in the game scene, the sampling points of the light probe can be set in the designated area to collect the light and shade information of the designated area. The designated area can be the space area covered by the object to be attached in the game scene. Places with small illumination changes generate less illumination information, and placing too many illumination probes will be wasteful. The preferred location is to set up dense illumination probes in illumination changes, shadows, and illumination transition areas. Here, a corresponding preferred position can be selected for the space area covered by the area to be attached, and each space voxel in the space area is divided into voxels of a preset level, where the preset level is the limit depth of the tree structure, It can be set according to the actual application scenario. The higher the number of layers, the more light probes are required.

302. Traverse each voxel in the preset level, and determine that the bounding box of the divided voxel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene.

It can be understood that, in order to arrange more light probes in the spatial pixels close to the surface of the object, and arrange a small number of light probes in the empty space pixels, the distance condition is determined for each voxel in the preset level, here The bounding box of the divided voxel is equivalent to the smallest hexahedron that surrounds the divided voxel and is parallel to the coordinate axis. In the game scene, the bounding box of the object is equivalent to the smallest hexahedron that surrounds the object and is parallel to the coordinate axis. The structure of the bounding box is simple and the storage space is small. , it is not suitable for complex virtual environments including soft body deformation. By judging whether the bounding box of the segmented voxel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene, it can be determined whether there is an object in the space voxel, and the corresponding space voxel without objects does not need to be Segmentation is performed without having to place light probes.

303. If yes, determine that the segmented voxel is a close-range voxel of the surface of the object in the game scene.

The above determination process can be performed before and after the segmentation of the spatial voxels, and the voxels that meet the determination conditions are repeatedly segmented. If the voxels that do not meet the determination conditions are not segmented, first, for a large voxel Start, as the original space voxel to be divided, and then divide it evenly. The division principle is that if it is close to the surface of the object, it is subdivided, and each sub-voxel is repeatedly divided until it reaches the specified minimum voxel size. , that is, the preset level, this process will generate a tree structure of the preset level.

304. Create an effective illumination probe and a virtual illumination probe for the close-range voxels included in the spatial voxels, and generate a probe grid of the spatial voxels.

In the embodiment of the present application, the effective light probe, as the light probe arranged in the game scene, is usually close to the surface of the object to obtain the light and dark conditions on the surface of the object. voxels, create valid light probes, add virtual voxels corresponding to the level for space voxels, and create virtual light probes for voxels that meet the addition conditions in the virtual voxels. Lighting data sampled by close-range voxels within the hierarchy is seamlessly interpolated.

Specifically, in the process of adding virtual voxels corresponding to levels for spatial voxels, and creating virtual light probes for voxels that meet the addition conditions in the virtual voxels, you can add virtual voxels corresponding to the levels for levels greater than one level in the spatial voxels. Voxel, the virtual voxel is mapped with the voxel of the corresponding level in the space voxel, and further traverses the virtual voxel corresponding to the level to determine whether there is an effective light probe in the mapped voxel in the space voxel, if not, for Virtual voxels create virtual light probes. Here, voxels at different levels can be displayed in different colors, and virtual voxels and virtual light probes can be added for different levels. For places where there is no effective light probe around the close-range voxels that create effective light probes, add Create virtual light probes.

305. Expand the illumination information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into a three-dimensional block data set according to the viewpoint position in the game scene, to form three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure.

In the embodiment of the present application, the effective illumination probe in the probe grid can be used to sample illumination data in the game scene, and the illumination data can be interpolated to obtain the first illumination information of the viewpoint position in the game scene. The virtual light probe in the grid seamlessly interpolates the lighting data sampled by the close-range voxels in the spatial voxels, and obtains the second lighting information of the viewpoint position in the game scene, and further converts the first position of the viewpoint position in the game scene. The first illumination information and the second illumination information are expanded into a three-dimensional block data set to form three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure.

It should be noted that the three-dimensional texture information of the tree structure is combined with the lighting information captured by the effective lighting probe and the virtual lighting probe, and can transmit the lighting information to the GPU to form the textual resource information.

306. In the process of expanding to the three-dimensional block data set, record the hierarchical relationship mapped by the three-dimensional block data set into indirect texture information.

It should be noted that, in order to complete the storage of the 3D block data set, it is also necessary to use a tree structure to construct an indirect texture information including a hierarchically expanded representation, and the indirect texture information is sampled at runtime, and the acquired content is the 3D data. The hierarchical relationship of the block data in the tree structure is used to calculate the sampling position of the cache light probe in the 3D block data.

307. Combine the three-dimensional block texture information and the indirect texture information and store them into texture resource information.

It can be understood that the texture resource information stores the lighting information in each spatial voxel in the game scene, and then interpolates between the lighting information captured by the nearest lighting probe, located at any position in the spatial voxel. Lighting information at will be projected onto moving objects after estimation.

308. In response to the rendering instruction of the lighting information, create a rendering task by using the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene.

In the example of this application, it is possible to use texture resource information to create a rendering task, obtain the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping from the indirect texture information, and then query the three-dimensional texture information in the tree according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping. Finally, according to the position of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure, the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel is sampled from the three-dimensional block texture information, and the lighting information is rendered.

Specifically, in the process of querying the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping, the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure can be extracted according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping. The level and offset in the structure, and the location information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure is calculated according to the level and offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure.

The following uses a 2D quadtree as an example of a specific application scenario. First, an effective light probe is adaptively created in the space voxel in the game scene, and then an effective light probe is placed at the corner of each voxel. The voxels are divided into 4 voxels, and the segmentation is further repeated for each voxel. The spatial voxels are formed into an octree structure to form a 2*2*2 probe grid, and the voxels close to the surface of the object are recorded, and these voxels are recorded. Place an effective light probe on the voxel node, and then add virtual voxels and virtual light probes at the level corresponding to the spatial voxels in the game scene. The virtual voxels and virtual light probes can be used at larger and smaller levels Realize seamless interpolation of lighting information when sampling between the two, and further combine and store the lighting information captured by the effective light probe and the virtual light probe into the texture resource information. The texture resource information can be expanded layer by layer during the rendering process. Each 3D block data in the texture resource information of one level has a separate number. Usually, the 3D block data of each level is combined with the light information captured by the effective light probe and the virtual light probe. For the uncombined storage The 3D block data can continue to be merged and processed. Since the expanded 3D block data set consists of a storage structure composed of multiple textures with the same block size layout, the storage structure can achieve indirect addressing during the rendering process to After the completion of the 3D block data cache, the 3D block data can be obtained from the cache. The entire rendering process is shown in Figure 5a-5b. The tree structure is used to construct indirect textures including layer-by-level expansion. The texture is sampled, and the obtained content is the level and offset of the 3D block data cached in the tree structure, from which the sampling position of the light probe in the block cache can be calculated.

In the example of this application, a three-dimensional block data set is formed by expanding the spatial voxels with a hierarchical relationship in the tree structure into a light probe set, and each three-dimensional block data is stored in the indirect mapping texture in the hierarchical relationship of the tree structure , and then in the game scene rendering process, each frame of scene data updates the lighting information captured by the light probe in the tree structure according to the viewpoint position, and expands it to the 3D block data set, and the hierarchical relationship is recorded in the indirect texture during the expansion process. Then transfer it to the GPU. When sampling, according to the world position of the sampling point on the surface of the object, first obtain a certain hierarchical relationship in the corresponding tree structure from the indirect texture, and finally use the hierarchical relationship to sample the final light probe in the 3D block data. Lighting information to render it.

Further, as a specific implementation of the method in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene. As shown in FIG. 6 , the apparatus includes: an extraction unit 41 , a first setting unit 42 , a second A setting unit 43 and a first rendering unit 44 are provided.

The extraction unit 41 can be used to segment the spatial region by using the data structure of the spatial region in the game scene, and extract the spatial voxels containing objects, and the data structure is grid data containing multiple levels;

The first setting unit 42 can be used to traverse the grid data of the multiple levels, set effective illumination probes for the spatial voxels containing objects, and obtain a first illumination probe grid of the spatial region, the the first light probe grid contains valid light probes;

The second setting unit 43 can be used to supplement the setting of virtual light probes for spatial voxels that do not contain objects, so as to obtain a second light probe grid of the spatial region, where the second light probe grid contains valid light probes and virtual light probes;

The first rendering unit 44 may be configured to transmit the lighting information collected by the second lighting probe grid to the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene according to the texture resource information.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 7 , the data structure is a tree structure formed by the spatial region, and the extraction unit 41 includes:

The segmentation module 411 can be configured to perform multi-level segmentation on the spatial region by using the tree structure formed by the spatial region to form spatial voxels of multiple levels;

The first judging module 412 can be used to judge whether the spatial voxels in the divided levels contain objects in the process of dividing the multi-level space region;

The extraction module 413 can be configured to perform next-level segmentation on the spatial voxels in the segmented level until the number of levels reaches a preset threshold, and extract spatial voxels containing objects.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 7 , the first setting unit 42 includes:

The first obtaining module 421 can be used to obtain the grid position of the spatial voxel in the grid data of multiple levels for the spatial voxel containing the object;

The first setting module 422 may be configured to set valid light probes at vertices in the first grid position to obtain a first light probe grid of the spatial region.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 7 , the second setting unit 43 includes:

The second acquisition module 431 can be used to traverse the grid data of the multiple levels, and for the spatial voxels that do not contain objects in each level, acquire the location of the spatial voxel in the grid data of the multiple levels The second grid position of ;

The second judging module 432 can be used to judge whether valid illumination probes are set at the four vertices of the grid position;

The second setting module 433 can be configured to, if not, additionally set virtual light probes for the vertices in the grid position for which no valid light probes are set, so as to obtain a second light probe mesh in the spatial region.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in Figure 7, the device further includes:

The extraction unit 45 may be configured to transmit the lighting information collected by the second lighting probe grid to the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene according to the texture resource information, Extracting the spatial logical relationship mapped by the lighting information in the second light probe grid, and storing the spatial logical relationship into texture resource information.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 7 , the first rendering unit 44 includes:

The expansion module 441 can be used to expand the illumination information in the texture resource information into the three-dimensional block data set according to the spatial logical relationship, and use the indirect texture to record the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets;

The merging module 442 can be configured to merge the three-dimensional block data sets by using the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets in the indirect texture to form three-dimensional block texture information in a tree structure, in which the three-dimensional block texture information is Record the spatial position of the lighting information in the game scene;

The reading module 443 may be configured to, according to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene, read the lighting information of the corresponding spatial position from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure for rendering.

In a specific application scenario, the expansion module 441 can be specifically configured to extract the hierarchical distribution of the effective light probes and the virtual light probes in the second light probe grid according to the spatial logical relationship;

The expansion module 441 can also be specifically configured to expand the illumination information in the texture resource information to the three-dimensional block data according to the hierarchical distribution of the effective illumination probes and the virtual illumination probes in the second illumination probe grid. , and use indirect texture to record the hierarchical relationship between 3D block datasets.

In a specific application scenario, the reading module 443 can be specifically configured to acquire the data representing the three-dimensional block data set from the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure according to the spatial position of the viewpoint position in the game scene. Indirect texture of inter-hierarchy relationships;

The reading module 443 can also be specifically configured to use the indirect texture representing the hierarchical relationship between the three-dimensional block data sets to read the illumination information of the corresponding spatial position in the three-dimensional block texture information of the tree structure to perform the processing. render.

It should be noted that, for other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in FIG. 1 , which will not be repeated here.

Further, as a specific implementation of the methods in FIGS. 3 and 4 , an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene. As shown in FIG. 8 , the apparatus includes: an acquisition unit 51 , a creation unit 52 , a storage unit 52 , and a storage unit 51 . unit 53 , and a second rendering unit 54 .

The obtaining unit 51 can be used to obtain the close-range voxels included in the space voxels in the game scene, where the close-range voxels are the voxels that meet the distance conditions in the voxels of the preset level formed by the division of space voxels in the game scene , the distance condition is that the bounding box of the voxel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene;

The creation unit 52 can be used to create effective light probes and virtual light probes for the close-range voxels contained in the spatial voxels, and generate a probe grid of the spatial voxels, and the probe grid is used to capture the game Lighting information in the scene;

The storage unit 53 can be used to combine and store the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene;

The second rendering unit 54 may be configured to, in response to a rendering instruction of the lighting information, establish a rendering task by using the texture resource information, and render the lighting information in the game scene.

Compared with the existing method that uses the method of sampling lighting information per object, the present application uses the method of sampling lighting information per pixel, on the one hand, it can provide a large number of complex objects. Provides indirect lighting and is suitable for a variety of lighting collection scenarios. On the other hand, it avoids the update cost of 3D textures from the CPU side to the GPU side, and the total number of objects sampled one by one limited by the transmission bandwidth. Compared with the existing method of using pixel-by-pixel sampling illumination information, the present application obtains the close-range voxels contained in the spatial voxels in the game scene, and the close-range voxels are voxels close to the surface of the object, which requires a larger number of Light probes, further create effective light probes and virtual light probes for close-range voxels contained in space voxels, generate probe grids for space voxels, and can adaptively layout light probes and virtual light probes. As an auxiliary effective light probe, the virtual light probe provides seamless interpolation for the game scene, and combines and stores the light information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene. The resource information can deal with the lighting information sampling of different game scenes, so that the pixels on the same screen can sample interpolation results of different surface densities according to their different spatial positions, and then use the texture resource information to create rendering in response to the rendering instructions of the lighting information. The task is to render the lighting information in the game scene. The texture resource information caches the 3D texture address of the game scene. Since the number of pixel textures in the game scene determines the number of light probes, and a large number of voxels are arranged through adaptive layout Light probes can save the number of light probes, without the need for GPU hardware to quickly sample millions of light probes per frame, reduce the update, transmission and storage costs of lighting information sampling in game scenes, and improve the rendering efficiency of lighting information.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 9 , the obtaining unit 51 includes:

The segmentation module 511 can be used to obtain the space area covered by the object to be attached in the game scene, and divide each space voxel in the space area into voxels of a preset level;

The third judging module 512 can be used to traverse each voxel in the preset level, and judge that the bounding box of the divided voxel intersects the bounding box of the object in the game scene;

The determining module 513 can be configured to determine, if yes, that the segmented voxel is a close-range voxel of the surface of the object in the game scene.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 9 , the creating unit 52 includes:

The creation module 521 can be used to create an effective light probe for the close-range voxels in the spatial voxel in the hierarchy;

The adding module 522 can be used to add a virtual voxel corresponding to the level for the space voxel, and create a virtual light probe for the voxels that meet the addition conditions in the virtual voxel, and the virtual light probe is used for all Seamless interpolation is performed on the illumination data sampled by the close-range voxels in the spatial voxels.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 9 , the additional module 522 includes:

A sub-module 5221 is added, which can be used to add virtual voxels corresponding to the levels in the spatial voxels that are greater than the first order, and the virtual voxels are mapped with voxels of the corresponding levels in the spatial voxels;

The judging submodule 5222 can be used to traverse the virtual voxels corresponding to the level, and judge whether there is an effective illumination probe in the phase-mapped voxels in the spatial voxels;

Create sub-module 5223, which can be used to create virtual light probes for virtual voxels if not.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 9 , the device further includes:

The expansion unit 55 can be configured to combine and store the lighting information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel into the texture resource information according to the viewpoint position in the game scene, according to the viewpoint position in the game scene. The illumination information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel is expanded into a 3D block data set to form a 3D block texture information of a multi-level tree structure;

The recording unit 56 can be used to record the hierarchical relationship mapped by the three-dimensional block data set into the indirect texture information during the process of expanding to the three-dimensional block data set;

The storage unit 53 may also be configured to combine and store the three-dimensional block texture information and the indirect texture information into texture resource information.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 9 , the expansion unit 55 includes:

The operation module 551 can be used to sample the illumination data in the game scene by using the effective illumination probes in the probe grid, and perform an interpolation operation on the illumination data to obtain the first illumination information of the viewpoint position in the game scene;

The interpolation module 552 can be used to seamlessly interpolate the illumination data sampled by the close-range voxels in the spatial voxels by using the virtual illumination probes in the probe grid to obtain the position of the viewpoint in the game scene. second light information;

The expansion module 553 can be configured to expand the first illumination information and the second illumination information of the viewpoint position in the game scene into a three-dimensional block data set to form three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 9 , the second rendering unit 54 includes:

The obtaining module 541 can be configured to use the texture resource information to establish a rendering task, and obtain the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping from the indirect texture information;

The query module 542 can be configured to query the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping;

The sampling module 543 can be configured to sample the illumination information captured by the probe grid of the spatial voxel from the three-dimensional block texture information according to the position of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure, Lighting information for rendering.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIG. 9 , the query module 542 includes:

The extraction sub-module 5421 can be used to extract the level and offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure according to the hierarchical relationship of the three-dimensional block texture information mapping;

The calculation sub-module 5422 may be configured to calculate the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure according to the level and offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure.

It should be noted that, for other corresponding descriptions of the functional units involved in the apparatus for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in FIG. 1 to FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

Based on the above method shown in FIG. 1 , correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, realizes the lighting in the game scene shown in FIG. 1 above. The rendering method of the information.

Based on the above methods as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4 , correspondingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. The rendering method of lighting information in the game scene shown.

Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the software product can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which may be CD-ROM, U disk, mobile hard disk, etc.), including several The instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various implementation scenarios of this application.

Based on the methods shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3-FIG. 4, and the virtual device embodiments shown in FIG. 6-FIG. 9, in order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the present application further provides a method of lighting information in a game scene. The rendered physical device can specifically be a computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a smart watch, a server, or a network device, etc. The physical device includes a storage medium and a processor; a storage medium for storing computer programs; a processor for The computer program is executed to realize the above-mentioned rendering method of lighting information in the game scene shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3-FIG. 4 .

Optionally, the physical device may further include a user interface, a network interface, a camera, a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) circuit, a sensor, an audio circuit, a WI-FI module, and the like. The user interface may include a display screen (Display), an input unit such as a keyboard (Keyboard), etc., and the optional user interface may also include a USB interface, a card reader interface, and the like. Optional network interfaces may include standard wired interfaces, wireless interfaces (such as WI-FI interfaces), and the like.

In an exemplary embodiment, referring to FIG. 10 , the above-mentioned physical device includes a communication bus, a processor, a memory, and a communication interface, and may also include an input/output interface and a display device, wherein each functional unit can communicate with each other through the bus. Communication. The memory stores a computer program and a processor, which is used for executing the program stored in the memory and executing the painting mounting method in the above-mentioned embodiment.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the entity device structure for rendering lighting information in a game scene provided by this embodiment does not constitute a limitation on the entity device, and may include more or less components, or combine some components , or a different component arrangement.

The storage medium may also include an operating system and a network communication module. The operating system is a program that manages the hardware and software resources of the physical device for processing the above-mentioned store search information, and supports the operation of the information processing program and other software and/or programs. The network communication module is used to realize the communication between various components in the storage medium, as well as the communication with other hardware and software in the information processing entity device.

From the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present application can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and can also be implemented by hardware. By applying the technical solution of the present application, compared with the current existing methods, for the terrain data frame in which the terrain elements in the game scene have not changed, it means that the scene terrain has not changed, and the last changed terrain data frame can be used. The resulting mixed texture information is used to perform game scene rendering, and there is no need to perform multi-texture mixing operations on each frame of terrain scene, which reduces the time occupied by the texture rendering process and improves the rendering speed of lighting information in the game scene.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the accompanying drawing is only a schematic diagram of a preferred implementation scenario, and the modules or processes in the accompanying drawing are not necessarily necessary to implement the present application. Those skilled in the art can understand that the modules in the device in the implementation scenario may be distributed in the device in the implementation scenario according to the description of the implementation scenario, or may be located in one or more devices different from the implementation scenario with corresponding changes. The modules of the above implementation scenarios may be combined into one module, or may be further split into multiple sub-modules.

The above serial numbers in the present application are only for description, and do not represent the pros and cons of the implementation scenarios. The above disclosures are only a few specific implementation scenarios of the present application, however, the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. A rendering method of illumination information in a game scene is characterized by comprising the following steps:

obtaining a near distance voxel contained in a space voxel in a game scene, wherein the near distance voxel is a voxel meeting a distance condition in voxels of a preset level formed by space voxel segmentation in the game scene, and the distance condition is that a bounding box of the voxel is intersected with an object bounding box in the game scene;

creating an effective illumination probe and a virtual illumination probe for a near distance voxel contained in the space voxel, and generating a probe grid of the space voxel, wherein the probe grid is used for capturing illumination information in a game scene;

merging and storing the illumination information captured by the probe grids of the space voxels into texture resource information according to the position of a viewpoint in a game scene;

and responding to a rendering instruction of the illumination information, establishing a rendering task by using the texture resource information, and rendering the illumination information in the game scene.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring of the close-range voxels of the object surface in the game scene specifically comprises:

acquiring a space region covered by an object to be hung in a game scene, and dividing each space voxel in the space region into voxels of a preset level;

traversing each voxel in a preset level, and judging that a bounding box of the segmented voxel is intersected with an object bounding box in a game scene;

and if so, determining that the segmented voxels are close-range voxels of the surface of the object in the game scene.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the creating an effective light probe and a virtual light probe for the near voxels included in the spatial voxel and generating a probe grid of spatial voxels comprises:

creating an active light probe for a near voxel within a hierarchy of the spatial voxels;

adding virtual voxels corresponding to the levels for the space voxels, and creating a virtual illumination probe for the voxels meeting the adding conditions in the virtual voxels, wherein the virtual illumination probe is used for performing seamless interpolation on illumination data sampled by the voxels which are close to the level in the space voxels.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the adding of virtual voxels corresponding to the hierarchy to the spatial voxels and the creating of a virtual light probe for voxels meeting the addition condition in the virtual voxels specifically include:

aiming at the level which is more than the first order in the space voxels, adding virtual voxels corresponding to the level, wherein the virtual voxels are mapped with the voxels of the corresponding level in the space voxels;

traversing virtual voxels corresponding to the levels, and judging whether phase mapping voxels exist effective light probes in the space voxels;

if not, a virtual illumination probe is created for the virtual voxel.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein prior to said merging and storing the lighting information captured by the probe grid of spatial voxels into texture resource information according to viewpoint locations in a game scene, the method further comprises:

expanding the illumination information captured by the probe grid of the space voxel to a three-dimensional block data set according to the position of a viewpoint in a game scene to form three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure;

recording the mapping hierarchical relation of the three-dimensional block data set into indirect texture information in the process of expanding the three-dimensional block data set;

the merging and storing the illumination information captured by the probe grid of the space voxel into texture resource information according to the position of the viewpoint in the game scene specifically includes:

and merging and storing the three-dimensional block texture information and the indirect texture information into texture resource information.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the expanding the illumination information captured by the probe mesh of spatial voxels into a three-dimensional tile data set according to the viewpoint position in the game scene, forming three-dimensional tile texture information of a multi-level tree structure, specifically comprises:

sampling illumination data in a game scene by using an effective illumination probe in the probe grid, and carrying out interpolation operation on the illumination data to obtain first illumination information of a viewpoint position in the game scene;

utilizing a virtual illumination probe in the probe grid to perform seamless interpolation on illumination data sampled by near distance voxels in the space voxels, wherein the near distance voxels are positioned in a hierarchy level, so that second illumination information of a viewpoint position in a game scene is obtained;

and expanding the first illumination information and the second illumination information of the viewpoint position in the game scene to a three-dimensional block data set to form three-dimensional block texture information of a multi-level tree structure.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the creating a rendering task by using the texture resource information to render the illumination information in the game scene specifically comprises:

establishing a rendering task by using the texture resource information, and acquiring a hierarchical relation mapped by the three-dimensional block texture information from the indirect texture information;

inquiring the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in a tree structure according to the hierarchical relation mapped by the three-dimensional block texture information;

and sampling illumination information captured by the probe grid of the space voxel from the three-dimensional block texture information according to the position of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure, and rendering the illumination information.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the querying the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure according to the hierarchical relationship of the mapping of the three-dimensional block texture information specifically comprises:

extracting the level and the offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in a tree structure according to the level relation mapped by the three-dimensional block texture information;

and calculating the position information of the three-dimensional texture information in the tree structure according to the level and the offset of the three-dimensional block texture information in the tree structure.

9. An apparatus for rendering illumination information in a game scene, comprising:

the system comprises an acquisition unit, a storage unit and a processing unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring a short-distance voxel contained in a space voxel in a game scene, the short-distance voxel is a voxel which meets a distance condition in voxels of a preset level formed by space voxel segmentation in the game scene, and the distance condition is that a bounding box of the voxel is intersected with an object bounding box in the game scene;

the creating unit is used for creating an effective illumination probe and a virtual illumination probe for the short-distance voxels contained in the space voxels, and generating a probe grid of the space voxels, wherein the probe grid is used for capturing illumination information in a game scene;

the storage unit is used for merging and storing the illumination information captured by the probe grids of the space voxels into texture resource information according to the position of a viewpoint in a game scene;

and the second rendering unit is used for responding to a rendering instruction of the illumination information, establishing a rendering task by using the texture resource information and rendering the illumination information in the game scene.

10. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor when executing the computer program realizes the steps of a method for rendering lighting information in a game scene according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a method for rendering lighting information in a game scene according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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