CN115121045B - Flue gas filtering material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Flue gas filtering material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115121045B CN115121045B CN202210521641.6A CN202210521641A CN115121045B CN 115121045 B CN115121045 B CN 115121045B CN 202210521641 A CN202210521641 A CN 202210521641A CN 115121045 B CN115121045 B CN 115121045B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
- B32B2262/0238—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flue gas filtering material, a preparation method and application thereof. The base of the flue gas filtering material is modified basalt fiber, the core layer is graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, and the upper layer is polyimide fiber. The modified basalt fiber in the flue gas filtering material has higher surface roughness, so that the fiber layer can form a rich pore structure, and the contact area with the flue gas can be increased while the high temperature resistance of the fiber layer is maintained; the graphene oxide in the core layer not only can improve the surface morphology of the polyvinylidene fluoride fiber and increase the surface roughness of the polyvinylidene fluoride fiber, but also can form rich pore structures, reduce the filtration resistance of the flue gas filter material core layer, and can also utilize the good adsorption performance of the graphene oxide to improve the filtration efficiency, so that the flue gas filter material has excellent filtration efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas separation membrane materials, in particular to a flue gas filtering material, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, the garbage treatment method mainly comprises landfill, incineration, harmless composting and the like, and the garbage incineration can better meet the requirements of reduction and harmless development of urban household garbage treatment. However, in the garbage incinerator, combustion in the incinerator is sometimes extremely unstable, and explosion occurs in some cases, so that the flue gas temperature is extremely rapidly increased to damage the filter material.
In order to solve the problems, people usually adopt high-temperature-resistant inorganic fibers (basalt fibers, glass fibers and ceramic fibers) to prepare the filter material, but the simple inorganic fibers have large rigidity and poor softness, are easy to break in the needling process, and are difficult to intertwine and cohesive, so that the prepared filter material has loose structure, large pore diameter and low strength.
Inorganic fibers are combined with polymer fibers having good thermal stability in the prior art to improve the above. For example, the prior art discloses a high temperature resistant basalt fiber composite filter material and a preparation method thereof, wherein basalt fiber base cloth and polytetrafluoroethylene fibers are matched for use, but the air permeability is low (1.04-1.52 m 3/m2 -min), so that the filter efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect and the defect of low filtration efficiency of the existing high-temperature resistant filter material, and provides a flue gas filter material, wherein a substrate of the filter material is modified basalt fiber, a core layer is graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, and an upper layer is polyimide fiber.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of making a flue gas filter material.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of the above flue gas filter material for treating flue gas.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of the flue gas filter material described above for the preparation of a waste incineration flue filter element.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
The base of the flue gas filtering material is modified basalt fiber, the core layer is graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, and the upper layer is polyimide fiber; wherein the modified basalt fiber is basalt fiber after acid or alkali etching treatment.
The substrate of the flue gas filtering material is the modified basalt fiber, the basalt fiber has excellent high temperature resistance, and the basalt fiber subjected to acid or alkali etching treatment has a rough surface structure, so that rich pore structures are formed among the modified basalt fibers, the filtering resistance can be obviously reduced, the contact area between the modified basalt fiber and the flue gas can be increased while the high temperature resistance is maintained, and the filtering efficiency is improved; the core layer is made of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibers, the graphene oxide can improve the surface morphology of the polyvinylidene fluoride fibers, increase the surface roughness of the polyvinylidene fluoride fibers, form rich micropore structures, reduce the filtration resistance of the flue gas filter material core layer, and can also utilize the good adsorption performance of the flue gas filter material core layer to improve the filtration efficiency.
After the flue gas passes through the modified basalt fiber substrate layer and the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber core layer, most of smoke dust particles are adsorbed by the substrate layer and the core layer, but the basalt fiber after acid or alkali etching treatment and the polyvinylidene fluoride fiber after graphene oxide modification reduce the filtration resistance in the flue gas filter material, improve the filtration efficiency and simultaneously reduce the mechanical property of the flue gas filter material, so that polyimide fiber with excellent heat resistance and mechanical property is selected as the upper layer of the flue gas filter material, good mechanical support is provided for the flue gas filter material, a certain filtration effect is also achieved, and the filtration efficiency of the flue gas filter material can be further improved.
Preferably, the flue gas filtering material comprises 50-70% of modified basalt fiber, 15-25% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber and 15-25% of polyimide fiber by mass percent.
The mass percentages of the substrate, the core layer and the upper layer in the flue gas filtering material have important influence on the overall performance, especially the filtering efficiency, when the mass percentage of the base layer modified basalt fiber is 50% -70%, the filtering resistance can be better reduced, the filtering efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the higher high temperature resistance of the flue gas filtering material is maintained.
When the mass percentage of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber of the core layer is less than 15%, the contact area between the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber and the flue gas is reduced, and the gas adsorption effect of the graphene oxide is limited, so that the filtration efficiency of the flue gas filtration material is lower; and when the mass percentage of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is more than 25%, the filtration resistance can be increased, and the improvement effect on the filtration efficiency is limited. When the mass percentage of the polyimide fiber on the upper layer is 15-25%, the flue gas filtering material can ensure better mechanical property and has higher filtering efficiency.
Preferably, the flue gas filtering material comprises 50-60% of modified basalt fiber, 20-25% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber and 20-25% of polyimide fiber by mass percent.
Preferably, the denier of the modified basalt fiber, the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber and the polyimide fiber is 0.5-1.0.
The denier in the present invention is expressed in terms of weight grams of the length of the fiber 9000m in terms of industrial weight units called "denier" or "denier", the finer the fiber, the smaller the denier. The denier of the modified basalt fiber, the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber and the polyimide fiber are all 0.5-1.0, which is beneficial to filtering particles with different particle diameters in flue gas so as to improve the filtering efficiency of the filtering material.
Preferably, the denier of the basalt fiber, the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber and the polyimide fiber is 0.8-1.0.
In a specific embodiment, the acid or alkali solubility of the acid or alkali etching treatment is 2-5 mol/L, and the treatment time is 0.5-2 h.
The acid or alkali solubility in the acid or alkali etching treatment or the treatment time is too high, which can cause the basalt fiber to be excessively etched, and further cause the longitudinal/transverse fracture strength of the flue gas filtering material to be reduced; the solubility of the acid or the alkali is too low or the treatment time is too short, so that the appearance of the basalt fiber is difficult to change, the contact area between the basalt fiber and flue gas cannot be effectively improved, and the filtration efficiency is improved only limitedly.
In a specific embodiment, the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 0.5-2%.
When the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 0.5-2%, the surface morphology of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber can be better improved, so that the contact area of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber to flue gas is improved, and the improvement of the filtration efficiency is facilitated.
Preferably, the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 0.5% -1%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flue gas filtering material, which comprises the following steps:
S1, opening: respectively opening basalt fibers, graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite nanofibers and polyimide fibers in opening equipment;
S2, carding: carding each type of fiber subjected to opening treatment in the step S1 in a carding machine to obtain a single-layer fiber web, wherein the unit gram weight of the single-layer fiber web is 150-200 g/m 2;
S3, lapping: respectively inputting the single-layer fiber webs of the various fibers in the S2 into a high-speed cross lapping machine for lapping and pre-needling to form a pre-needled felt;
S4, needling: respectively carrying out main needling, singeing and calendaring treatment on the pre-needled felt of various fibers in the step S3 in a needling machine to form a needled felt, wherein the needling speed is 2-3 m/min, the needling density is 200-250 needling/cm 2, the temperature of the calendaring machine is 220-250 ℃, and the calendaring speed is 2-2.5 m/min;
S5, compounding: and (3) compositing the needled felt of the various fibers in the step S4 through an ultrasonic bonding technology to form the flue gas filtering material.
The use of the above-described flue gas filter material in the treatment of flue gases is also within the scope of the present invention.
The invention also protects application of the flue gas filtering material in preparing a waste incineration flue filtering component.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention provides a flue gas filtering material, wherein the substrate of the filtering material is modified basalt fiber, the core layer is graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, and the upper layer is polyimide fiber; the modified basalt fiber has higher surface roughness, so that rich pore structures can be formed among the fibers, and the contact area with flue gas can be increased while the high temperature resistance is maintained; the graphene oxide in the core layer not only can improve the surface morphology of the polyvinylidene fluoride fiber and increase the surface roughness of the polyvinylidene fluoride fiber, but also can form rich pore structures, reduce the filtration resistance of the flue gas filter material core layer, and can also improve the filtration efficiency by utilizing the good adsorption performance of the graphene oxide, so that the air permeability of the flue gas filter material is improved to 11.7-13.6 m 3/m2 min, and the filtration efficiency is up to 97.9-99.5%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the flue gas filter material of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber in example 8.
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of the polyvinylidene fluoride fiber of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments, but the examples are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Raw materials reagents used in the examples of the present invention are conventionally purchased raw materials reagents unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A flue gas filtering material (shown in figure 1) consists of a substrate of modified basalt fiber, a core layer of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber and an upper layer of polyimide fiber, wherein the mass percentage of graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 1%;
the flue gas filtering material comprises 50% of modified basalt fiber, 0.5% of denier, 25% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, 0.5% of denier, 25% of polyimide fiber and 0.5% of denier.
The modified basalt fiber is prepared by the following preparation method: and (3) placing the basalt fiber in a 3mol/LNaOH solution at 60 ℃ for soaking for 1h, then taking out, washing with deionized water until the surface of the basalt fiber is neutral, and drying to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
The graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is prepared by the following preparation method:
S1, dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) powder into an N, N-dimethylformamide/acetone mixed solution with the mass ratio of 7:3 to form a mixed solution with the PVDF mass percentage of about 70%, and then adding Graphene Oxide (GO) to uniformly mix to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution;
S2, adding the electrostatic spinning solution in the S1 into electrostatic spinning equipment, spinning to obtain a fiber membrane, and drying the fiber membrane at 60 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber.
The flue gas filtering material is prepared by the following preparation method:
S1, opening: respectively opening basalt fibers, graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibers and polyimide fibers in opening equipment;
s2, carding: carding each type of fibers subjected to opening treatment in the step S1 in a carding machine to obtain a single-layer fiber web, wherein the unit gram weight of the single-layer fiber web is 175g/m 2;
S3, lapping: respectively inputting the single-layer fiber webs of the various fibers in the S2 into a high-speed cross lapping machine for lapping and pre-needling to form a pre-needled felt;
S4, needling: respectively carrying out main needling, singeing and calendaring treatment on the pre-needled felt of various fibers in the step S3 in a needling machine to form a needled felt, wherein the needling speed is 2.5m/min, the needling density is 230 needling/cm 2, the temperature of the calendaring machine is 230 ℃, and the calendaring speed is 2.3m/min;
S5, compounding: and (3) compositing the needled felt of the various fibers in the step S4 through an ultrasonic bonding technology to form the flue gas filtering material.
Example 2
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: 70% of modified basalt fiber, 0.5% of denier, 15% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, 0.5% of denier, 15% of polyimide fiber and 0.5% of denier.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 3
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: 60% of modified basalt fiber, 0.5% of denier, 25% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, 0.5% of denier, 15% of polyimide fiber and 0.5% of denier.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 4
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: 60% of modified basalt fiber, 0.5% of denier, 15% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, 0.5% of denier, 25% of polyimide fiber and 0.5% of denier.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 5
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: 60% of modified basalt fiber, 0.5% of denier, 20% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, 0.5% of denier, 20% of polyimide fiber and 0.5% of denier.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 6
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: the denier of the modified basalt fiber is 1.0, the denier of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 1.0, and the denier of the polyimide fiber is 1.0.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 7
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: the denier of the modified basalt fiber is 0.8, the denier of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 0.8, and the denier of the polyimide fiber is 0.8.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 8
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 0.5%.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 9
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 2%.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 10
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: the denier of the modified basalt fiber is 3.0, the denier of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 3.0, and the denier of the polyimide fiber is 3.0.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 11
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: 80% of modified basalt fiber, 0.5% of denier, 10% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, 0.5% of denier, 10% of polyimide fiber and 0.5% of denier.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Example 12
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: 30% of modified basalt fiber, 0.5% of denier, 35% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, 0.5% of denier, 35% of polyimide fiber and 0.5% of denier.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1
A flue gas filter comprising substantially the same components as in example 1, with the difference that: the core layer is polyvinylidene fluoride fiber.
The method for preparing the flue gas filter is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
The flue gas filtering material consists of a substrate which is modified basalt fiber and an upper layer which is graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, wherein the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 1%;
The flue gas filtering material comprises 30% of modified basalt fiber, 0.5% of denier, 70% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber and 0.5% of denier.
Result detection
(1) Mechanical property test
The specific test method comprises the following steps: according to the standard GB/T3923.1-1997 'determination of breaking Strength and breaking elongation-strip method', the nonwoven material is tested for tensile breaking Strength, gauge 100mm, speed 50 mm.min -1, size 250mm×50mm; the results of the measurement using a INSRON3369 type universal power machine are shown in Table 1.
(2) Filtration performance test
The specific test method comprises the following steps: according to the standard GB/T14295-2019 air filter, the initial filtering performance of a filter material is tested by adopting a TSI8130 automatic filter material tester so as to evaluate the filtering efficiency of the designed filter material. The selected aerosol is KCl (salt particles with the diameter range of 0.3-10.0 μm), the cross section is 176cm 2 (with the diameter of 150 mm) of 3 samples, and the filtering wind speed is that: the results are shown in Table 1, with 0.05 to 1.0 m/min.
(3) Air permeability test
The specific test method comprises the following steps: the flow resistance of the filter material was evaluated by this method according to the standard GB/T5453-1997 determination of air permeability of textile fabrics, air permeability test was performed on a sample of the filter material by means of YG461L type digital fabric air permeability meter, experimental area was 40cm 2, orifice diameter was 15mm, pressure drop was 200Pa, and the results are shown in Table 1.
(4) Thermal stability test
2-10 Mg of filter material is taken, dried for 2 hours at 80 ℃, then heated from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min under air atmosphere, and the thermogravimetric and dynamic scanning calorimetric analysis curve of the sample is recorded.
TABLE 1
The filtering efficiency is preferably considered in four performance indexes of the thermal decomposition temperature, the longitudinal/transverse fracture strength, the filtering efficiency and the ventilation quantity of the flue gas filtering material, wherein the thermal decomposition temperature of the flue gas filtering material in examples 1-12 reaches 460-585 ℃, the application requirement of the flue gas filtering material in the treatment of garbage incineration gas is completely met, the filtering efficiency reaches 97.9-99.5%, and the flue gas filtering material has good mechanical properties, and the longitudinal/transverse fracture strength reaches 955-1090/802-960N.
As can be seen from examples 1, 8 and comparative example 1, the polyvinylidene fluoride fibers without graphene oxide modification are smooth and flat and have no obvious protrusions on the surface, and the prepared flue gas filtering material has a longitudinal/transverse breaking strength up to 1000/848N, but has a filtering efficiency significantly lower than that of other examples; the surface morphology of the polyvinylidene fluoride fiber added with the graphene oxide starts to change, when the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 0.5%, the surface morphology is shown as a graph in fig. 3, the surface roughness of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is found to be fully distributed with granular protrusions, and the filtration efficiency of the prepared flue gas filtration material reaches 98.8%; when the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 1%, the surface morphology is shown in fig. 2, and the surface roughness of the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber can be further increased, and a microporous structure appears, so that the filtration efficiency of the flue gas filtration material is improved (99.3%). From example 1 and comparative example 2, it is clear that polyimide fibers can provide good mechanical support for the flue gas filter as a whole.
The above examples of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. The flue gas filtering material is characterized in that a substrate of the flue gas filtering material is modified basalt fiber, a core layer is graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber, and an upper layer is polyimide fiber; the modified basalt fiber is basalt fiber after acid or alkali etching treatment;
The flue gas filtering material comprises, by mass, 50% -70% of modified basalt fibers, 15% -25% of graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibers and 15% -25% of polyimide fibers;
the mass percentage of the graphene oxide in the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber is 0.5% -2%; the concentration of the acid or alkali in the acid or alkali etching treatment is 2-5 mol/L, and the treatment time is 0.5-2 h.
2. The flue gas filtering material according to claim 1, wherein the modified basalt fiber accounts for 50 to 60% by mass, the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber accounts for 20 to 25% by mass, and the polyimide fiber accounts for 20 to 25% by mass.
3. The flue gas filter material of claim 1, wherein the basalt fibers, graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibers, and polyimide fibers each have a denier of 0.8 to 1.0.
4. The flue gas filter material of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber has a mass percent of graphene oxide of 0.5 to 1%.
5. The flue gas filter material of claim 1, wherein the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibers are prepared by a process comprising:
S1, dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride powder into an N, N-dimethylformamide/acetone mixed solution with the mass ratio of (6.5-7.5) to (2.5-3.5) to form a mixed solution with the mass percentage of polyvinylidene fluoride of 65-75%, and adding graphene oxide to uniformly mix to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution;
S2, adding the electrostatic spinning solution in the S1 into electrostatic spinning equipment, spinning to obtain a fiber membrane, and drying to obtain the graphene oxide/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fiber.
6. A method of preparing a flue gas filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: and sequentially opening, carding, lapping, needling and compounding the layers of the flue gas filtering material to form the flue gas filtering material.
7. Use of a flue gas filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the treatment of flue gases.
8. Use of a flue gas filter according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for the manufacture of a waste incineration flue filter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210521641.6A CN115121045B (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | Flue gas filtering material and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN101612496A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2009-12-30 | 东华大学 | High temperature resistant basalt fiber composite filter material and preparation method |
| CN101856577B (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-02-08 | 宋朋泽 | Heat-resistant basalt fibre filter material and preparation method thereof |
| JP6269922B2 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2018-01-31 | Jnc株式会社 | Fiber sheet and fiber product using the same |
| WO2016041099A1 (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-03-24 | 太仓苏纶纺织化纤有限公司 | Method for coating modified polyphenylene sulphide/polytetrachloroethylene on basalt fibre filter material in layers |
| KR20160051076A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-11 | (주)티피에스 | Method of preparing hollow fiber membrane comprising Graphene Oxide |
| CN104607064A (en) * | 2015-01-11 | 2015-05-13 | 王丽莉 | Method for preparing polyvinylidene fluoride-graphene oxide composite hollow fiber membrane |
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| CN213538547U (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-06-25 | 抚顺天成环保科技有限公司 | Basalt fiber woven fabric for high-temperature flue gas dust removal |
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| CN202136879U (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-02-08 | 中材科技股份有限公司 | Filter material coated with basalt fiber |
| CN103706184A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-09 | 上海秋橙新材料科技有限公司 | Polyimide fiber composite high-temperature-resisting filter felt and preparation method thereof |
| CN108043112A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-05-18 | 江苏工程职业技术学院 | A kind of automobile-used antibacterial air-filtering material containing graphene oxide composite material and preparation method thereof |
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