CN115079378B - Short-focus low-distortion athermalized infrared lens - Google Patents
Short-focus low-distortion athermalized infrared lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN115079378B CN115079378B CN202210675642.6A CN202210675642A CN115079378B CN 115079378 B CN115079378 B CN 115079378B CN 202210675642 A CN202210675642 A CN 202210675642A CN 115079378 B CN115079378 B CN 115079378B
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- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005387 chalcogenide glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100117236 Drosophila melanogaster speck gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MRZMQYCKIIJOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ge] MRZMQYCKIIJOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/004—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having four lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/008—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras designed for infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared optics, and discloses a short-focus low-distortion athermalized infrared lens. The lens comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are coaxially arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side; the first lens is a meniscus lens with negative focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the second lens is a meniscus lens with positive focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the third lens is a meniscus lens with negative focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the fourth lens is a biconvex lens. The invention overcomes the contradiction between short focus and high distortion, ensures large visual field range, has small distortion and good heat difference eliminating performance, can meet the wide temperature requirement of working environment from minus 40 ℃ to 80 ℃, and has good heat stability. The working band of the lens is 8-12 mu m, and the lens can be matched with detectors with the resolution of 384 multiplied by 288 and 17 mu m.
Description
Technical Field
The technology belongs to the technical field of infrared optics, and particularly relates to a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens.
Background
The wide-angle infrared lens has the characteristic of wide coverage of a short focal length field, and is widely applied. However, the distortion is high, the distortion which is well controlled is generally between 40% and 50%, the image plane edge resolution is not high, and the aberration is difficult to correct. The shorter the focal length, the more difficult it is to design to control its imaging quality.
In addition, the external environment temperature can influence the refractive index of the lens material, so that the focal power change and the optimal image plane are deviated, the image is blurred, the contrast is reduced, the optical imaging quality is reduced, and the imaging performance of the lens is finally influenced. In order to realize that the infrared optical system does not generate image plane deviation when working in a wide temperature range, the athermal technique must be adopted to ensure that the optical system has good imaging quality in a larger range. In the technology of eliminating heat difference optically passive, in order to obtain a wider range of working temperature, the number of lenses is often numerous, resulting in large volume, complex structure and high cost.
Therefore, how to realize low distortion of short focus while ensuring athermalization is a problem to be solved in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the short-focus low-distortion athermalization infrared lens, which can realize passive athermalization and has the characteristics of wide angle, short focus and low distortion. The specific technical scheme is as follows.
The short-focus low-distortion athermalization infrared lens comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are coaxially arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side; the first lens is a meniscus lens with negative focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the second lens is a meniscus lens with positive focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the third lens is a meniscus lens with negative focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the fourth lens is a biconvex lens.
Preferably, the focal length of the lens is 3.5mm, and the working band is 8-12 mu m.
Preferably, the image side surface of the first lens element, the image side surface of the second lens element, the object side surface of the third lens element and the image side surface of the fourth lens element are aspheric, and satisfy the following formula:
wherein Z is the height vector of the aspheric surface at the height r along the optical axis direction from the vertex of the aspheric surface; c=1/R, R being the paraxial curvature fitting radius of the mirror; k is a conic coefficient; a, B, C, D and E are higher order aspheric coefficients.
According to the scheme, the aspheric surfaces are adopted for different surfaces of the lens, so that the influence of temperature change on image quality is improved.
Preferably, the materials of the first lens and the second lens are germanium, the material of the third lens is zinc sulfide, and the material of the fourth lens is chalcogenide glass. According to the scheme, the material matching of the germanium-zinc sulfide-chalcogenide glass improves the heat difference eliminating effect.
Preferably, the lens further comprises a lens barrel, wherein a first pressing ring, a second pressing ring, a spacing ring and a third pressing ring are arranged in the lens barrel; the first lens, the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are sequentially arranged in the lens barrel; the first lens is fixed through a first pressing ring, the second lens is fixed through a second pressing ring and a spacing ring, the third lens is fixed through a spacing ring, and the fourth lens is fixed through a third pressing ring. The design of this scheme makes axiality of lens good, installation stable.
Preferably, the air space between the first lens and the second lens is 10.1mm; the air space between the second lens and the third lens is 3.7mm; the air space between the third lens and the fourth lens is 0.5mm.
Preferably, the image side of the fourth lens is sequentially provided with a protection window and a detector focal plane array, and the distance between the fourth lens and the detector focal plane array is 8.9mm. After passing through the fourth lens, the beam passes through a protective window and is imaged on the detector focal plane array.
Preferably, the center thickness of the first lens is 2mm; the center thickness of the second lens is 2.2mm; the center thickness of the third lens is 4.3mm; the center thickness of the fourth lens is 7mm.
Preferably, the object side surface curvature radius of the first lens is 14.83mm, and the image side surface fitting curvature radius is 8.17mm; the curvature radius of the object side surface of the second lens is 16mm, and the fitting curvature radius of the image side surface is 16.75mm; the object side fitting radius of curvature of the third lens is 55.55mm, and the image side radius of curvature is 27.14mm; the radius of curvature of the object side of the fourth lens is 23.09mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side fitting is-17.84 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention overcomes the contradiction between short focus and high distortion, the focal length is 3.5mm, and the distortion can be controlled within 30%; the view field range is large, the horizontal view angle is 86 degrees, and the vertical view angle is 70 degrees;
2. the heat difference eliminating effect is good, the temperature requirement of the working environment of-40 ℃ to 80 ℃ can be met, and the heat stability is good.
The working band of the lens is 8-12 mu m, and the lens can be matched with detectors with the resolution of 384 multiplied by 288 and 17 mu m.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of lens composition of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an MTF diagram of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in a 20 ℃ working environment in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a Spot diagram of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in a working environment at 20 ℃ in a specific embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a MTF diagram of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in an operating environment at-40 ℃ in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a Spot diagram of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in an operating environment at-40 ℃ in a specific embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an MTF diagram of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in an 80 ℃ working environment in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a Spot diagram of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in an operating environment at 80 ℃ in a specific embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a field curvature distortion chart of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens in an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: 1. a first lens; 2. a second lens; 3. a third lens; 4. a fourth lens; 5. a protection window; 6. a detector focal plane array; 7. a lens barrel; 8. a first clamping ring; 9. a second clamping ring; 10. a spacer ring; 11. and a third clamping ring.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of technical features.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a short-focal low-distortion athermal infrared lens, which uses four lenses in total. Specifically, the optical lens includes a first lens 1, a second lens 2, a third lens 3, and a fourth lens 4 coaxially disposed in this order from the object side to the image side along the optical axis. Wherein the first lens 1 is a meniscus lens with negative optical power and convex surface facing the object side; the second lens 2 is a meniscus lens with positive optical power and a convex surface facing the object side; the third lens 3 is a meniscus lens having negative optical power with its convex surface facing the object side; the fourth lens 4 is a biconvex lens having positive optical power.
As shown in fig. 2, the light beam sequentially passes through the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3 and the fourth lens 4 from left to right, and then is imaged on the detector focal plane array 6 through the protection window 5. The material of the protection window in this embodiment is germanium.
As a preferred embodiment, the optical parameters of each lens of this example are shown in table 1.
The center thickness d1 of the first lens 1 is 2mm, the object-side surface curvature radius is 14.83mm, and the image-side surface fitting curvature radius is 8.17mm. The second lens 2 has a center thickness d3 of 2.2mm, an object-side radius of curvature of 16mm, and an image-side fitting radius of curvature of 16.75mm. The center thickness d5 of the third lens 3 is 4.3mm, the object-side fitting radius of curvature is 55.55mm, and the image-side radius of curvature is 27.14mm. The center thickness d7 of the fourth lens 4 is 7mm, the object-side surface curvature radius is 23.09mm, and the image-side surface fitting curvature radius is-17.84 mm.
Wherein the air space d2 between the first lens 1 and the second lens 2 is 10.1mm; the air gap d4 between the second lens 2 and the third lens 3 is 3.7mm. The air gap d6 between the third lens 3 and the fourth lens 4 is 0.5mm. The air space is the air space in the center of the lens. The separation d8 between the fourth lens 4 and the detector focal plane array 6 is 8.9mm. The optical total length of the lens is 38.75mm.
It is understood that one of the two sides of the meniscus lens is convex, and the other side is concave; when the lens shoots an object, the object side is a shot object side, and the image side is an imaging side of the measured object; the plane of the lens, on which the light beam is incident, is the object side surface of the lens, and the plane on which the light beam is emitted is the image side surface of the lens. As shown in fig. 1 and table 1, the surface numbers S1 and S2 correspond to the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens element 1, S3 and S4 correspond to the object side surface and the image side surface of the second lens element 2, and S5 and S6 correspond to the object side surface and the image side surface of the third lens element 3, respectively; s7 and S8 correspond to the object side surface and the image side surface of the fourth lens element 4, respectively.
Table 1 lens parameters
The image side surface S2 of the first lens element 1, the image side surface S4 of the second lens element 2, the object side surface S5 of the third lens element 3 and the image side surface S8 of the fourth lens element 4 are aspheric, and satisfy the following formula:
wherein Z is the height vector of the aspheric surface at the height r along the optical axis direction from the vertex of the aspheric surface; c=1/R; r is the paraxial curvature fitting radius of the mirror surface; k is a conic coefficient; a, B, C, D and E are higher order aspheric coefficients. The aspherical coefficients of the lenses are shown in table 2.
Table 2 aspherical coefficient data for each lens
As a preferred embodiment, the material of the first lens 1 and the second lens 2 is germanium GE; the material of the third lens 3 is zinc sulfide ZNS; the material of the fourth lens 4 is chalcogenide glass IRG206.
As shown in fig. 2, the lens further includes a lens barrel 7, and the first lens 1, the second lens 2, the third lens 3, and the fourth lens 4 are sequentially disposed along the lens barrel 7; a first pressing ring 8, a second pressing ring 9, a spacing ring 10 and a third pressing ring 11 are arranged in the lens barrel 7; the first pressing ring 8 is arranged on the object side of the first lens 1 and along the inner peripheral surface of the lens barrel 7; the second pressing ring 9 is arranged between the first lens 1 and the second lens 2; a spacer ring 10 is arranged between the second lens 2 and the third lens 3; the third pressing ring 11 is disposed along the inner peripheral surface of the lens barrel 7 at the image side of the fourth lens element 4. Specifically, the first lens 1 is fixed by a first press ring 8, the second lens 2 is fixed by a second press ring 9 and a spacer ring 10, the third lens 3 is fixed by the spacer ring 10, and the fourth lens 4 is fixed by a third press ring 11. The design of the lens barrel, the pressing ring and the spacing ring ensures that the lens is stably installed in the lens barrel and has good coaxiality. More specifically, the lens barrel of the present embodiment may have a diameter of 26mm.
Fig. 3, 5 and 7 are respectively MTF diagrams of the short-focus low-distortion athermalization infrared lens in the working environment of 20 ℃, -40 ℃ and 80 ℃, the horizontal axis represents different spatial frequencies, and the vertical axis represents modulation degrees. All fields of view represent MTF curves for the meridian plane, such as the curve labeled T in the figure, while MTF curves for the sagittal plane are the curve labeled S in the figure, labeled diff.
Fig. 4, 6 and 8 are respectively point column diagrams of the working environment of the short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens at 20 ℃, -40 ℃ and 80 ℃.
As can be seen from fig. 3 to 8, the MTF is close to the diffraction limit, the root mean square diameter of the diffuse speck is smaller than the diameter of the Yu Aili specks, and the image quality is good. The lens of the embodiment has good resolution level in the working environment of 20 ℃, -40 ℃ and 80 ℃ and the comprehensive imaging quality of the lens is good.
Fig. 9 is a field curvature distortion chart of a short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens, and the distortion can be reduced to below 30% by reasonable optical structural design, so that the problem that the high distortion of the short focus is difficult to reduce in the prior art is solved.
From the above, the short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens composed of the above lenses provided by the embodiment achieves the following optical indexes: the working wave band is 8-12 mu m; focal length f' =3.5 mm; resolution 384×288, 17 μm; f is 1.0; the horizontal angle of view is 86 ° and the vertical angle of view is 70 °.
The embodiment solves the problem of heat difference and solves the difficult problems of short Jiao Jibian height and difficult control of edge image quality only through reasonable combination of four different lenses, including focal power matching, constraint of optical parameters, selection of materials, aspheric surface design and the like. The number of lenses of the lens is small, so that the visual angle can be effectively improved, the aberration can be corrected, and the distortion is small; and has good effect of eliminating heat difference, so that the working temperature of the lens reaches a wide temperature range of-40 ℃ to 80 ℃.
It is apparent that the above examples are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are to be included in the protection of the present claims.
Claims (6)
1. The short-focus low-distortion athermalized infrared lens is characterized by comprising a lens, wherein the lens comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens which are coaxially arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side; the first lens is a meniscus lens with negative focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the second lens is a meniscus lens with positive focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the third lens is a meniscus lens with negative focal power and a convex surface facing the object side; the fourth lens is a biconvex lens; the air space between the first lens and the second lens is 10.1mm; the air space between the second lens and the third lens is 3.7mm; the air interval between the third lens and the fourth lens is 0.5mm; the center thickness of the first lens is 2mm; the center thickness of the second lens is 2.2mm; the center thickness of the third lens is 4.3mm; the center thickness of the fourth lens is 7mm; the curvature radius of the object side surface of the first lens is 14.83mm, and the fitting curvature radius of the image side surface is 8.17mm; the curvature radius of the object side surface of the second lens is 16mm, and the fitting curvature radius of the image side surface is 16.75mm; the object side fitting radius of curvature of the third lens is 55.55mm, and the image side radius of curvature is 27.14mm; the radius of curvature of the object side of the fourth lens is 23.09mm, and the radius of curvature of the image side fitting is-17.84 mm.
2. The short-focus low-distortion athermal infrared lens of claim 1, wherein a focal length of the lens is 3.5mm and an operating band is 8-12 μm.
3. The short-focal low-distortion athermal infrared lens of claim 1, wherein an image side of the first lens element, an image side of the second lens element, an object side of the third lens element, and an image side of the fourth lens element are aspheric, and satisfy the following formula:
wherein Z is the height vector of the aspheric surface at the height r along the optical axis direction from the vertex of the aspheric surface; c=1/R, R being the paraxial curvature fitting radius of the mirror; k is a conic coefficient; a, B, C, D and E are higher order aspheric coefficients.
4. The short-focus low-distortion athermalized infrared lens according to claim 1, wherein the first and second lenses are made of germanium, the third lens is made of zinc sulfide, and the fourth lens is made of chalcogenide glass.
5. The short-focus low-distortion athermalized infrared lens according to claim 1, further comprising a lens barrel, wherein a first clamping ring, a second clamping ring, a spacer ring and a third clamping ring are arranged in the lens barrel; the first lens, the second lens, the third lens and the fourth lens are sequentially arranged in the lens barrel; the first lens is fixed through a first pressing ring, the second lens is fixed through a second pressing ring and a spacing ring, the third lens is fixed through a spacing ring, and the fourth lens is fixed through a third pressing ring.
6. The short-focus low-distortion athermalized infrared lens according to claim 1, wherein the image side of the fourth lens is sequentially provided with a protection window and a detector focal plane array, and the distance between the fourth lens and the detector focal plane array is 8.9mm.
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| JP2013225019A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-31 | Tamron Co Ltd | Infrared zoom lens |
| JP2014002182A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-09 | Fujifilm Corp | Infrared zoom lens and imaging apparatus |
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| JP2007322844A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Nidec Copal Corp | Imaging lens |
| TWI421562B (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2014-01-01 | Largan Precision Co | Optical lens assembly for image taking |
| WO2013014913A1 (en) * | 2011-07-28 | 2013-01-31 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Imaging lens and imaging device using same |
| CN110456486B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2024-04-19 | 厦门力鼎光电股份有限公司 | An optical imaging lens |
| CN112882198B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2023-05-05 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Infrared thermal imaging optical system and application thereof |
| CN114488489B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2024-12-20 | 玉晶光电(厦门)有限公司 | An optical imaging lens |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013225019A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-31 | Tamron Co Ltd | Infrared zoom lens |
| JP2014002182A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-01-09 | Fujifilm Corp | Infrared zoom lens and imaging apparatus |
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