CN115060120B - Enhanced rear effect spin type EFP warhead - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an enhanced aftereffect spin-type EFP warhead, which includes: a ladder-shaped shell, an active composite charge cover, an explosive charge and a pressure ring; wherein, the ladder-shaped shell has a cylindrical cavity structure, along which The inner and outer diameters increase sequentially from one end to the other in the axial direction. The section with the largest outer diameter is the front end of the housing, and the internal threaded hole at the front end of the housing is the same as the corresponding inner diameter of its adjacent section; among them, the front-to-back direction is consistent with the flight direction; The interior of the ladder-shaped shell is provided with an detonation device, a propagation and expansion device, an explosive charge and an active composite charge cover in sequence from back to front, and the active composite charge cover is pressed against the inner wall of the ladder-shaped shell and the explosive charge through a pressure ring. Above; the third largest section of the outer diameter of the stepped shell is recorded as the circumferential periodic change section, its radial thickness changes periodically along the circumferential direction, and the number of changes is N; the outer diameter of the thinnest part of this section is The outer diameter of the thickest part is And there is an arc gradient from the thinnest part to the thickest part; where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Description

An enhanced aftereffect spin-type EFP warhead

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical fields of detonation physics, armor-piercing mechanics and ammunition engineering, and specifically relates to an enhanced aftereffect spin-type EFP warhead.

Background technique

The shaped charge warhead is developed based on a cavity charge at one end. When a metal lining (i.e., a charge cover) is attached to the surface of the cavity of the charge, after the explosive charge is detonated, the shaped charge warhead is detonated according to the shape of the charge structure. The energy effect can produce high-speed metal jet (Jet) or rod jet (JPC) or explosively formed projectile (Explosively Formed Projectile, EFP) damage elements. Among them, EFP is widely used in smart ammunition systems due to its insensitivity to large explosives and strong after-effect damage to targets behind the target, such as terminally sensitive bombs, smart landmines, etc. As an application technology with a strong military application background, since the EFP warhead was developed, its long-distance flight stability and terminal effect power have attracted the focus of technicians in the ammunition field. Practice has proved that in the EFP design process, the requirements for its aerodynamic force and penetration power are at the same level (that is, when the requirements for penetration power are high, the requirements for aerodynamic force are also high; when the requirements for penetration power are low, the requirements for aerodynamic force are also high. also low).

In the existing technology, although the quasi-spherical EFP does not have flight stability problems, its penetration depth is too small to pose a fatal threat to thickly armored targets and is gradually being replaced by rod-type EFPs. However, it also brings serious flight stability problems. Sexual issues. In order to improve the aerodynamic characteristics of the rod-type EFP, the tail skirt EFP, the straight tail EFP and the canted tail EFP were proposed and studied one by one. Among them, the canted tail EFP (Canted Fins Explosively Formed Projectile, which has stronger advantages than the tail skirt EFP and the straight tail EFP, CFEFP) was proposed by Bender in 2003. CFEFP is an EFP with a certain inclination angle between the tail folds and the projectile axis. Bender et al. verified through numerical simulations and live-fire experiments that CFEFP can produce a larger force under the action of aerodynamic force during flight. spin speed, has outstanding long-distance flight stability and accuracy in hitting end targets. As one of the key components of the shell, a lot of research has been conducted on its impact on the performance of EFP in the past few decades. Research shows that the shell structure has a great impact on the EFP molding speed and shape. The special special-shaped shell is used to obtain Structure- and function-specific EFPs are a feasible approach.

With the protection and armoring of various land vehicles, large and medium-sized surface ships, and airborne precision-guided munitions, EFP used in terminally sensitive submunitions and short- and medium-explosion high-skimming top-attack weapon systems is used as a key damage element against targets inside the armor. The after-effect damage capability of the target is also receiving more and more attention. The traditional inert metal EFP uses a large number of secondary fragments behind the target as the main source of after-effect damage capability. However, its killing effect is single, its range is small, and its duration is short. Especially for protective structures with linings behind the armor, the fragmentation cloud behind the target will be greatly reduced, and its ability to damage personnel and electronic equipment inside the armor protection is weak. .

In recent years, reactive energy-releasing materials (RMs), due to their ability to remain inert at normal temperature and pressure, undergo chemical energy-releasing reactions and even produce quasi-explosions after being strongly impacted by dynamic loads (such as high-speed impacts and explosive loading). The strong role of RMs in replacing traditional inert materials as new damage elements has become a technology development trend; currently, a large number of RMs applications have been carried out in fragmentation warheads, shaped jet warheads and armor-piercing warheads. Research, using the combined effects of "kinetic energy penetration" and "explosion-like reaction" to achieve efficient damage to soft and hard targets. In particular, RMs are prepared as a charge-shaped cover and applied to shaped charge warheads to achieve stronger destructive power than traditional inert shaped damage elements such as soft iron, copper, and tantalum. Although there are many types of RMs developed and prepared at this stage, they are still unable to achieve the same excellent dynamic mechanical properties as traditional inert EFP cover materials such as copper and soft iron. Formability is not guaranteed.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a spin-type EFP warhead with enhanced aftereffects, which can realize the explosion of the warhead by combining the ladder-shaped shell and the active composite charge cover structure, and has the ability to spin and enhance the aftereffects at the same time. EFP damage element (CF&RM-EFP) is conducive to further improving the high explosion and strong aftereffect capabilities of EFP damage element.

The technical solution of the present invention is: an enhanced aftereffect spin-type EFP warhead, including: a ladder-shaped shell, an active composite charge cover, an explosive charge and a pressure ring; wherein the ladder-shaped shell has a cylindrical cavity structure , its inner diameter and outer diameter increase sequentially from one end to the other in the axial direction. The inner diameter change is divided into three sections, and the outer diameter change is divided into four sections. The largest outer diameter section is the front end of the shell, and the internal thread hole at the front end of the shell The inner diameters corresponding to its adjacent segments are all Among them, the front-to-back direction is consistent with the flight direction;

The inside of the ladder-shaped shell is provided with an detonation device, a propagation and expansion device, an explosive charge and an active compound mold cover in sequence from back to front, and the active compound mold cover is pressed against the inner wall of the ladder-shaped shell and the explosive through a pressure ring. On the charge; among them, the pressure ring is threadedly matched with the internal thread hole at the front end of the shell;

The third largest section of the outer diameter of the stepped shell is recorded as the circumferential periodic change section, and its radial thickness changes periodically along the circumferential direction, and the number of changes is N; the outer diameter of the thinnest part of this section is The outer diameter of the thickest part is/> And there is an arc gradient from the thinnest part to the thickest part; where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Preferably, the active composite charge cover is an inner and outer double-layer spherical shaped charge cover, which is composed of an inner cover and an outer cover. The inner cover is close to the explosive charge and is made of active materials. The inner surface curvature is R1; the outer cover Separated from the explosive charge, it is made of inert materials, with an outer surface curvature of R3, and the outer surface of the inner cover and the inner surface of the outer cover fit together, both with a curvature of R2; driven by the explosion of the explosive charge, the active composite drug type The cover is formed into an EFP damage element composed of an inert precursor and an active rear body.

Preferably, the outer cover of the active composite medicine cover is made of copper material, and the inner cover is made of single-phase, homogeneous active metal material.

Preferably, the stepped shell is made of 45# steel.

Preferably, the number of periodic changes of the circumferential periodic changing section is N=4, and the outer diameter of the thinnest part is Outer diameter of the thickest part/>

Beneficial effects:

1. The EFP warhead of the present invention combines a ladder-shaped shell and an active composite charge cover structure. It utilizes the influence of the ladder-shaped shell on the detonation ability of the explosive charge to shape the active composite charge cover into an oblique shape under explosion driving. The composite EFP damage element composed of the inert precursor and the active rear body of the tail structure, on the one hand, because the radial thickness of the circumferential periodic changing section of the stepped shell gradually changes from thin to thick within a changing period, the explosive charge The detonation products are constrained by it, and the expansion range in the radial direction gradually changes from large to small. As a result, the detonation impulse received by different circumferential areas of the active composite charge cover is periodically distributed from small to large, resulting in a similar The velocity distribution of the active composite medicine cover during the deformation stage will produce an oblique tail structure with an inclination angle to the axis; at the same time, due to the periodic changes in the circumferential periodic changes of the stepped shell, the radial thickness of the finally formed composite EFP The damage element will have the same number of oblique tail structures as its cycle number, which can play the same role as the oblique/oblique tail of the rolling spin missile. It generates a steering moment under the action of aerodynamic force, causing the composite EFP damage element to generate Spin speed can greatly improve the stability of long-distance flight and the accuracy of hits;

On the other hand, when the inert precursor penetrates the first layer of armor, it covers the active rear body to prevent its early release of energy. After penetrating the first layer of armor, the active rear body breaks under the impact and begins to react violently, which can effectively enhance its impact on the body. After-effect damage to the target behind the target.

2. Since the violent active energy release reaction of RMs under high-speed impact is the fundamental reason for its enhanced aftereffect compared with traditional inert materials, great progress has been made in active jet application research; however, compared with EFP Jet damage element, under explosion loading, the molded cover will undergo high-speed and large deformation such as flipping, injection, and stretching. There are problems with explosive formability. Especially when using a ladder-shaped shell to create an oblique tail structure, it is necessary to keep the circumferential edge of the molded cover from being broken. , can produce periodic wrinkles; in the specific structural design of the active composite charge cover in the present invention, the inner cover close to the explosive charge is designed as an active charge cover, and the outer cover away from the explosive charge still adopts the traditionally mature inert The charge-shaped cover can be formed into a composite EFP damage element with an inert front body and an active rear body driven by the explosion of the explosive charge. When the explosive charge is detonated, the inert outer cover facing away from the explosive charge is greatly affected by the ladder-shaped shell and can A complete and effective oblique tail structure is formed, and as the outer layer covering the active rear body, it drives the composite EFP damage element to spin under the action of aerodynamic force; at the same time, when penetrating the first layer of armor, the inert precursor of the outer layer first When impacting the target plate, during the plastic penetration stage, most of the erosion and fragmentation caused by the strong impact damage only occur in the inert precursors, which protects the internal active precursors and prevents the active precursors from advancing in front of the target and during the penetration process. The reaction releases energy until it penetrates the first layer of armor. The active rear body is impacted and broken, and the energy is released through a violent reaction. Most of the chemical energy is released behind the target, greatly enhancing the subsequent damage power to the target behind the target.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical EFP warhead of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical ladder-shaped shell of the EFP warhead of the present invention, a perspective view, and an axial cutaway schematic diagram.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the typical stepped housing shown in Figure 2, cut away along the radial direction.

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical active compound drug cover of the EFP warhead of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical explosive charge of the EFP warhead explosive of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a typical pressure ring structure of the EFP warhead of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite EFP damage element formed by the explosion drive of the warhead in the present invention, a perspective view, an inert precursor, and an active rear body.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the process of penetration of the composite target by the composite EFP damage element formed in Figure 7, including target impact, penetration process, and subsequent damage.

Among them, 1-initiating device; 2-expansion device; 3-explosive charge; 4-stepped shell; 5-inner cover; 6-outer cover; 7-pressure ring; 8-detonator holder on the shell; 9-steps ;10-Front end of housing.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

This embodiment provides a spin-type EFP warhead with enhanced aftereffects, which can realize the detonation of the warhead to produce a composite EFP damage element with both spin and enhanced aftereffect capabilities by combining the ladder-shaped shell and the active composite charge cover structure. (CF&RM-EFP), which is conducive to further improving the EFP's high damage and strong after-effect capabilities.

As shown in Figure 1, the EFP warhead includes: a stepped shell 4, an active composite charge cover, an explosive charge 3 and a pressure ring 7; among them, the stepped shell 4 is a cylindrical cavity structure, which is axially The inner diameter and outer diameter increase sequentially from one end to the other. The inner diameter change is divided into three sections, and the outer diameter change is divided into four sections. The largest outer diameter section is the front end of the shell 10, its axial height is H2, and the front end of the shell 10 The inner diameter of the internal thread hole corresponding to its adjacent segment is the same, both are Among them, the front-to-back direction is consistent with the flight direction;

The inside of the ladder-shaped shell 4 is provided with an detonation device 1, a propagation and expansion device 2, an explosive charge 3 and an active composite charge cover in sequence from back to front. At the same time, the active composite charge cover is pressed against the ladder-shaped shell through a pressure ring 7 4 on the inner wall surface and the explosive charge 3; among them, as shown in Figure 6, the outer surface of the pressure ring 7 has external threads and is assembled in the internal thread hole of the front end 10 of the shell. The two threads cooperate to make the active composite charge type The cover fits closely with the explosive charge 3;

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the radial thickness of the third largest section of the outer diameter of the stepped shell 4 changes periodically along the circumferential direction, and the number of changes is N; the effective height of this section along the axial direction is H1; in this section The outer diameter of the thinnest part is The outer diameter of the thickest part is/> And there is an arc-shaped gradient from the thinnest part to the thickest part, and the thickest part and the thinnest part of two adjacent periods connect to form a step 9.

In this embodiment, the second largest section of the outer diameter of the ladder-shaped shell 4 is the detonator seat 8 on the shell, which is used to facilitate the assembly of the detonation device 1 and the propagation and expansion device 2.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the active composite charge cover is an inner and outer double-layer spherical shaped charge cover, that is, the active composite charge cover is composed of an inner cover 5 and an outer cover 6, and the inner cover 5 is close to the explosive charge 3 , made of active materials, with an inner surface curvature of R1; the outer cover 6 faces away from the explosive charge 3, and is made of inert materials through mechanical processing, with an outer surface curvature of R3, and the outer surface of the inner cover 5 is consistent with the inner surface of the outer cover 6 The fit and curvature are both R2; driven by the explosion of the explosive charge 3, the active composite charge cover can be formed into an EFP damage element composed of an inert precursor and an active rear body.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, the explosive charge 3 is in contact with the inner surface of the stepped shell 4 and the inner cover 5, the charge height is H3, and the particle diameter of the explosive charge 3 is Using the pressure charging method, after the detonation device 1 detonates at the center position of the rear end of the explosive column of the explosive charge 3, the explosive column begins to detonate, and the ladder-shaped shell 4 expands and breaks. At the same time, the detonation wave in the ladder-shaped shell 4 Under the influence, it starts to act on the active compound drug-shaped cover, so that the active compound drug-shaped cover forms an inert precursor and an active posterior body.

In this embodiment, the ladder-shaped shell 4 is made of common 45# steel, which is easy to obtain, has high density, good plasticity, and good restraint on detonation products; the number of periodic changes in the circumferential periodic change section is N =4, outer diameter of the thinnest part Outer diameter of the thickest part/> Effective height H1 = 63mm; height H2 of the front end 10 of the shell = 9mm; diameter of the explosive charge 3 The height of explosive charge 3 is H3=49mm; H1>H3>H2 is satisfied.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, the outer cover 6 of the active compound medicine cover is made of red copper to ensure high sound speed and good plasticity. Under the influence of the ladder-shaped shell 4, the outer cover 6 can be formed into a shape with a slope at the rear end. The inert precursor of the tail structure; the inner cover 5 uses an active material with good dynamic plasticity. Only the edge part is broken under the explosion load. Most of the active rear body can be covered by the inert precursor, and the active rear body is embedded in the inert precursor. In the tail cavity, the entire active composite charge cover can be formed into an oblique tail active composite EFP damage element under explosive loading; among them, the surface curvature of the inner cover 5 and the outer cover 6 is R1=R2=R3=60mm.

In this embodiment, the processing technology of the EFP warhead is better, and all components except pyrotechnics can be processed using traditional mechanical processing; the assembly operation is simple; the cost is not high; the combination efficiency is strong, and EFP flight can be achieved at the same time Improvements in stability, hit accuracy and after-effect damage power.

How the EFP warhead works:

The ladder-shaped shell 4 is combined with the active composite charge cover structure. After the explosive charge 3 is detonated, the outer cover 6 facing away from the explosive charge 3 is greatly affected by the ladder-shaped shell 4 and can form an inert precursor with a tilted tail structure. , as the outer layer of the composite EFP damage element, used to cover the active rear body formed by the inner cover 5 close to the explosive charge 3;

Since the inert precursor of the composite EFP damage element forms a number of oblique tail structures consistent with the number of periodic changes of the circumferential periodic change section of the ladder-shaped shell 4, when it flies in the air, assuming that the composite EFP damage element is stationary, then The head-on airflow blows on the inclined surface of the composite EFP damage element's inclined tail structure at flight speed, and the generated steering moment causes the composite EFP damage element to start spinning, accompanied by the generation of rolling damping torque, which blocks the spin movement of the composite EFP damage element. Ultimately, the composite EFP damage element is stably spinned at a balanced speed, thereby greatly improving the flight stability and hit accuracy of the composite EFP damage element;

As shown in Figure 8, when the composite EFP damage element hits the target, the inert precursor first hits the target. Due to the high speed of the composite EFP damage element, its coated active rear body enters the plastic penetration stage, and part of it is attached to the first layer of armor. On the hole wall, it avoids the early reaction and energy release of the active back body due to the impact and crushing effect in front of the target and during the process of penetrating the first layer of armor. After penetrating the first layer of armor, the expansion pressure of the head of the composite EFP damage element is released, and the activity The posterior body begins to fragment and releases energy violently. At this time, the aftereffect power of the composite EFP damage element comes from not only the numerous fragments behind the target, but also the high-pressure air mass generated by the energy release of the active material of the active posterior body, which affects the target behind the target. The after-effect target produces a greater lateral destructive effect, and has a significant after-effect damage enhancement effect compared with traditional EFP.

To sum up, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An enhanced rear effect spin-type EFP warhead comprising: a stepped shell (4), an active composite liner, an explosive charge (3) and a compression ring (7); wherein the stepped shell (4) is of a cylindrical-like cavity structure, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the stepped shell are sequentially increased from one end to the other end along the axial direction, the inner diameter change is divided into three sections, the outer diameter change is divided into four sections, the largest outer diameter section is the front end (10) of the shell, and the inner diameter of an inner threaded hole of the front end (10) of the shell corresponding to the adjacent section is equal toWherein the front-back direction is consistent with the flight direction;

the inside of the stepped shell (4) is sequentially provided with a detonation device (1), an explosion transfer device (2), an explosive charge (3) and an active composite liner from back to front, and the active composite liner is tightly pressed on the inner wall surface of the stepped shell (4) and the explosive charge (3) through a pressing ring (7); wherein, the compression ring (7) is in threaded fit with an internal threaded hole at the front end (10) of the shell;

the outer diameter of the stepped shell (4) is recorded as a circumferential periodic variation section from a third front section, the radial thickness of the stepped shell periodically varies along the circumferential direction, and the variation frequency is N; the outer diameter of the thinnest part of the section isThe outer diameter of the thickest part is +.>And the thinnest part to the thickest part are in arc gradual change; wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

2. The enhanced rear effect spin-type EFP warhead of claim 1, wherein the active composite liner is an inner and outer double-layer sphere-shaped liner, which consists of an inner liner (5) and an outer liner (6), wherein the inner liner (5) is close to the explosive charge (3) and is prepared by adopting an active material, and the curvature of the inner surface is R1; the outer cover (6) is away from the explosive charge (3) and is made of inert materials, the curvature of the outer surface is R3, the outer surface of the inner cover (5) is attached to the inner surface of the outer cover (6), and the curvatures are R2; under the explosion driving of the explosive charge (3), the active composite liner is formed into an EFP damaged element formed by compounding an inert precursor and an active post-body.

3. The enhanced rear effect spin-type EFP warhead of claim 2, wherein the outer cover (6) of the active composite liner is made of red copper material, and the inner cover (5) is made of single-phase homogeneous active metal material.

4. The enhanced rear spin EFP warhead of claim 1, wherein the stepped housing (4) is made of 45# steel.

5. The enhanced post spin EFP warhead of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the circumferential periodic variation segment has a number of periodic variations n=4, the thinnest outer diameterOuter diameter of thickest part->