Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, embodiments of the present application provide a power device package structure and a power converter, so as to reduce parasitic inductance of the power device package structure.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:
a power device package structure comprising a housing and a package structure located within the housing, the package structure comprising:
a substrate including a plurality of conductive portions insulated from each other, the plurality of conductive portions including a first conductive portion connected to a first side of the substrate, a second conductive portion connected to a second side of the substrate, and a third conductive portion penetrating the substrate, the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion extending in parallel directions, and the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion having opposite current directions;
the first chip and the first metal layer are stacked on the first side of the substrate, the first chip is electrically connected with the first conductive part and the first metal layer respectively, the first metal layer is also electrically connected with the third conductive part, and the surface of the first metal layer, which is far away from the substrate, is exposed outside the shell;
the second chip and the second metal layer are stacked on the second side of the substrate, the second chip is electrically connected with the third conductive part and the second metal layer respectively, the second metal layer is also electrically connected with the second conductive part, and the surface of the second metal layer, which is far away from the substrate, is exposed outside the shell;
the first conductive part, the first chip, the first metal layer, the third conductive part, the second chip, the second metal layer and the second conductive part which are electrically connected in sequence form a commutation path of a half-bridge circuit, and the first conductive part and the second conductive part are led out by direct-current power terminals.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a first interposer located between the first chip and the first metal layer, the first interposer being electrically connected to the first chip and the first metal layer, respectively, through a frit layer;
a second interposer located between the second die and the second metal layer, the second interposer being electrically connected to the second die and the second metal layer, respectively, by a frit layer.
Optionally, the method further includes:
a third metal layer located between the first conductive part and the first chip, the third metal layer being electrically connected to the first conductive part through a solder layer;
a fourth metal layer located between the third conductive portion and the second chip, the fourth metal layer being electrically connected to the third conductive portion by a solder layer.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and the third intermediate layer is respectively connected with the fifth metal layer and the first metal layer through a sintering layer in an electric connection manner.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and the sixth metal layer and the fourth intermediate layer are positioned between the second conductive part and the second metal layer and are sequentially arranged along the direction deviating from the substrate, the sixth metal layer is electrically connected with the second conductive part through a welding layer, and the fourth intermediate layer is respectively electrically connected with the sixth metal layer and the second metal layer through a sintering layer.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the first gate-level driving circuit and the first gate-level terminal are positioned on the first side of the substrate, the first gate-level driving circuit is electrically connected with the first chip through a first binding line, and the first gate-level driving circuit is led out from the first gate-level terminal;
and the second gate driving circuit and the second gate terminal are positioned on the second side of the substrate, the second gate driving circuit is electrically connected with the second chip through a second binding line, and the second gate driving circuit is led out from the second gate terminal.
Optionally, the method further includes: a high frequency decoupling capacitance located at the DC power terminal.
Optionally, the plurality of conductive parts further includes a fourth conductive part, and the fourth conductive part is electrically connected to the third conductive part and led out from the ac power terminal.
A power converter, comprising:
the power device package structure comprises a plurality of power device package structures and an external gate driving circuit, wherein each power device package structure is any one of the power device package structures, and the external gate driving circuit sends driving signals to a first chip and a second chip in each power device package structure.
Optionally, the method further includes:
the first radiator is attached to the first metal layer in each power device packaging structure, and the second radiator is attached to the second metal layer in each power device packaging structure.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
the power device packaging structure provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a shell and a packaging structure positioned in the shell, wherein the packaging structure is based on a half-bridge circuit which is the most basic circuit primitive form of power electronic topology, one power device in the half-bridge circuit, namely a first chip, is arranged on the first side of a substrate through a first conductive part in the substrate, the first chip is electrically connected with a third conductive part penetrating through the substrate through a first metal layer, the other power device in the half-bridge circuit, namely a second chip, is arranged on the second side of the substrate through a third conductive part penetrating through the substrate, the second chip is electrically connected with a second conductive part in the substrate through a second metal layer, and the first conductive part, the first chip, the first metal layer, the third conductive part, the second chip, the second metal layer and the second conductive part which are electrically connected in sequence form a 3D commutation path of the half-bridge circuit, therefore, a current commutation path is realized in the power device packaging structure, the physical size of the commutation path is greatly reduced, and parasitic inductance is reduced.
In addition, the power device package structure provided in the embodiment of the present application changes a conventional manner of heat dissipation at the bottom of a chip into a manner of heat dissipation at the top of the chip, specifically, a first metal layer on a side of a first chip away from a substrate is exposed outside a package housing to dissipate heat generated by the first chip, and a second metal layer on a side of a second chip away from the substrate is exposed outside the package housing to dissipate heat generated by the second chip, and the first chip and the second chip are respectively located on two sides of the substrate, so that the first metal layer and the second metal layer are respectively dissipated from two sides of the substrate, thereby improving heat dissipation performance, and greatly reducing requirements of the chip on the substrate due to heat generation.
Therefore, the power device packaging structure provided by the embodiment of the application not only reduces parasitic inductance, but also improves heat dissipation performance, namely, the chip packaging structure has small parasitic inductance and simultaneously gives consideration to good heat dissipation performance, the requirement of chip heating on a substrate is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structures are not enlarged partially in general scale for the sake of illustration, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
As mentioned in the background section, it is very necessary to provide a power device package structure to reduce the parasitic inductance of the power device package structure.
The inventor researches and discovers that the packaging structure of the power device at present greatly limits the high-frequency application of the wide-bandgap power device, and in a PCB-level power electronic power converter, the power device is usually packaged in a direct-insert or patch manner to realize different power electronic circuit topologies, wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the pins of the power device are inserted through the mounting holes of the PCB and soldered on the PCB, and as shown in fig. 2, the pins of the power device are soldered on the bonding pads on the surface of the PCB, but such packaging manner has the following disadvantages:
(1) The packaging pins bring more parasitic inductance, which is not favorable for the switching performance of the power device;
(2) The current commutation path required by the power electronic circuit topology needs to be realized in a PCB substrate (namely outside a power device) by copper paving, so that on one hand, the commutation path is longer due to the limitation of process rules, and on the other hand, the power device needs to be connected into the commutation path through a lead, the parasitic inductance of a loop can be increased by the lead, so that the parasitic inductance of the overall introduced commutation loop is larger, and the switching performance of the power device is not facilitated;
(3) The packaging form has limited heat dissipation capability, which is not beneficial to improving the output power;
(4) Such a packaging form is not favorable for module design, and the difficulty of multi-parallel/modular expansion is high.
In order to solve the above problems, the following two solutions have been proposed for wide bandgap power devices for PCB level applications:
the first solution is to use an insulated metal substrate, as shown in fig. 3, compared with a conventional PCB substrate, the bottom layer of the insulated metal substrate 010 uses a thicker metal layer 011, and combines with a material layer 012 with higher thermal conductivity to enhance heat dissipation, at this time, heat generated by the wide bandgap power device 013 is conducted to the material layer 012 with high thermal conductivity and the bottom thick metal layer 011 through the through holes 014 between layers to dissipate heat. However, although the situation of heat dissipation of the wide bandgap power device is improved in this solution, the package of the wide bandgap power device is still a conventional patch package, and therefore, the power electronic topology implementation manner is the same as the conventional manner, that is, a current commutation path needs to be implemented outside the power device through a multilayer PCB.
The second solution is to embed the wide bandgap power device 020 inside the PCB substrate 021, as shown in fig. 4, through the through hole 022 between the PCB substrate 021 layers, not only the conduction of chip heating can be realized, but also the commutation path of the power electronic topology in the 3D form can be realized, and compared with the conventional direct insertion type or patch type package, the PCB embedded package greatly reduces the parasitic inductance value in the commutation loop. However, in this solution, since the chip of the wide bandgap power device is placed inside the PCB substrate, and the chip operating temperature of the wide bandgap power device is relatively high (up to 175 degC), the heat dissipation of the chip is limited by the multilayer PCB material, and we know that the heat dissipation performance of the conventional PCB material is not good, and then, in order to achieve the same heat dissipation effect, on one hand, the volume of the PCB substrate needs to be made large, and on the other hand, the PCB material needs to adopt a material with higher temperature tolerance, which inevitably increases the cost and also brings certain challenges to the reliability of the system.
Therefore, in order to reduce the parasitic inductance of the power device package structure, the problem of heat dissipation of the power device has to be considered, and from the above analysis, neither of the above two solutions can achieve both the reduction of the parasitic inductance of the power device package structure and the improvement of the heat dissipation performance of the power device.
Based on the above research, an embodiment of the present application provides a power device package structure, fig. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the power device package structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 6 shows an appearance schematic diagram of the power device package structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the power device package structure includes:
a housing 100 and a package structure 200 located in the housing 100, the package structure 200 including:
a substrate 10, the substrate 10 including a plurality of conductive portions insulated from each other, the plurality of conductive portions including a first conductive portion 11 connected to a first side of the substrate, a second conductive portion 12 connected to a second side of the substrate, and a third conductive portion 13 penetrating the substrate, the first conductive portion 11 and the second conductive portion 12 extending in parallel, and the first conductive portion 11 and the second conductive portion 12 having opposite current directions;
a first chip 20 and a first metal layer 21 stacked on the first side of the substrate 10, wherein the first chip 20 is electrically connected to the first conductive part 11 and the first metal layer 21, respectively, the first metal layer 21 is also electrically connected to the third conductive part 13, and the surface of the first metal layer 21 away from the substrate 10 is exposed outside the housing 100;
a second chip 30 and a second metal layer 31 stacked on the second side of the substrate 10, wherein the second chip 30 is electrically connected to the third conductive part 13 and the second metal layer 31, the second metal layer 31 is also electrically connected to the second conductive part 12, and the surface of the second metal layer 31 away from the substrate 10 is exposed outside the housing 100;
as shown by the arrows in fig. 5, the first conductive part 11, the first chip 20, the first metal layer 21, the third conductive part 13, the second chip 30, the second metal layer 31, and the second conductive part 12, which are electrically connected in this order, form a commutation path of a half-bridge circuit, and the first conductive part 11 and the second conductive part 12 are led out from the dc power terminal 40.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the substrate 10 may be implemented by using a multilayer PCB, as shown in fig. 5, the substrate 10 may include multiple conductive layers, and the conductive layers are separated by insulating layers, so that different conductive layers may be connected by through holes according to actual needs, thereby forming a first conductive portion 11, a second conductive portion 12, and a third conductive portion 13 that are insulated from each other.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the first conductive part 11 may be composed of a conductive layer near the first side of the substrate 10, and connected to the conductive layer on the first side surface of the substrate through a plurality of through holes so as to be electrically connected to the first chip 20 on the first side of the substrate 10; the second conductive part 12 may be directly composed of a conductive layer on the surface of the second side of the substrate 10 so as to be electrically connected to the second chip 30 on the second side of the substrate 10; the third conductive part 13 may form a conductive part penetrating the substrate 10 by a plurality of conductive layers and a plurality of through holes, wherein the first conductive part 11 and the second conductive part 12 are led out by the dc power terminal 40, and the second conductive part 12 may also be connected to the first side of the substrate 10 by a plurality of through holes penetrating the substrate 10.
While fig. 5 and the above description only exemplify one form of the first conductive portion, the second conductive portion, and the third conductive portion, respectively, it is understood that the first conductive portion, the second conductive portion, and the third conductive portion may each have a wide variety of forms, as long as the first conductive portion is electrically connected to the first side of the substrate and the first chip, the second conductive portion is electrically connected to the second side of the substrate and the second chip, and the third conductive portion penetrates the substrate to electrically connect the first side and the second side of the substrate.
The power device package structure provided by the embodiment of the application is based on a half-bridge circuit, which is the most basic circuit primitive form of power electronic topology, and a first chip 20, which is one power device in the half-bridge circuit, is arranged on a first side of a substrate 10 through a first conductive part 11 in the substrate 10, and the first chip 20 is electrically connected to the third conductive part 13 penetrating the substrate 10 through the first metal layer 21, while the second chip 30 which is the other power device in the half-bridge circuit is arranged on the second side of the substrate 10 by means of a third conductive part 13 which penetrates the substrate 10, and the second chip 30 is in turn electrically connected to the second conductive part 12 in the substrate 10 via a second metal layer 31, such that the first conductive part 11, the first chip 20, the first metal layer 21, the third conductive part 13, the second chip 30, the second metal layer 31 and the second conductive part 12, which are electrically connected in sequence, constitute a 3D commutation path of a half bridge circuit (as indicated by the arrows in figure 5), thereby realizing the current commutation path in the power device packaging structure, greatly reducing the physical size of the commutation path, thereby reducing parasitic inductance, and at the same time, the first conductive part 11 and the second conductive part 12 extend in parallel and the current direction is opposite, the direction of the current flow is also opposite from the first conductive part 11 of the substrate 10, through the first chip 20, to the first metal layer 21, and then from the first metal layer 21, to the third conductive part 13 of the substrate 10, and similarly, the direction of the current flow is also opposite from the third conductive layer 13 of the substrate 10, through the second chip 30, to the second metal layer 31, and then from the second metal layer 31, to the second conductive layer 12 of the substrate 10, therefore, the current paths adopt a lamination mode, and magnetic fields generated by reverse currents are mutually counteracted, so that parasitic inductance is further reduced.
In addition, the power device package structure provided in the embodiment of the present application changes a conventional way of heat dissipation at the bottom of a chip into a way of heat dissipation at the top of the chip, specifically, a first metal layer 21 on a side of a first chip 20 away from a substrate 10 is exposed outside a package housing 100 to dissipate heat generated by the first chip, and a second metal layer 31 on a side of a second chip 30 away from the substrate 10 is exposed outside the package housing 100 to dissipate heat generated by the second chip, and the first chip and the second chip are respectively located on two sides of the substrate, so that the first metal layer and the second metal layer respectively dissipate heat from two sides of the substrate, thereby improving heat dissipation performance and greatly reducing requirements of the chip on the substrate for heat generation.
Therefore, the power device packaging structure provided by the embodiment of the application not only reduces parasitic inductance, but also improves heat dissipation performance, namely, the chip packaging structure has small parasitic inductance and simultaneously gives consideration to good heat dissipation performance, the requirement of chip heating on a substrate is greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The present application does not limit the electrical connection method between the first chip 20 and the first metal layer 21, and the following description is given by way of example.
Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present application, the first chip 20 and the first metal layer 21 may be connected by means of conventional bonding wires.
However, considering that the binding lines are thin, and the stray inductance caused by the interconnection of the substrate, the chip and the leads is large, which may increase the parasitic inductance of the commutation loop, therefore, optionally, in another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the power device package structure further includes:
a first interposer 22 located between the first chip 20 and the first metal layer 21, the first interposer 22 being electrically connected to the first chip 20 and the first metal layer 21, respectively, by a frit layer 23.
In the present embodiment, the first chip 20 and the first metal layer 21 are electrically connected through the first interposer 22 and the two sides of the first interposer 23, and compared with the electrical connection through the bonding wire, on the one hand, the bonding wire is very thin, and the first interposer and the two sides of the first interposer form conductive pillars, so that the current path is wider and thicker, and the impedance is smaller, and on the other hand, the bonding wire usually adopts aluminum material, and the bonding wire usually uses silver material, i.e., the first interposer and the two sides of the first interposer are better than the material property of the bonding wire, so that the introduction of the sintered first interposer 22 between the first chip 20 and the first metal layer 21 replaces the conventional bonding wire, and the parasitic inductance caused by the internal package can be further reduced, and at the same time, the contact area of the first interposer 22 and the two sides of the first chip is greatly increased compared with the conventional bonding wire, thereby also enhancing the ability of the heat generated by the first chip 20 to diffuse to the first metal layer 21, i.e., enhancing the ability of heat dissipation of the first chip 20.
Similarly, the electrical connection manner between the second chip 30 and the second metal layer 31 is not limited in the present application, and optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second chip 30 and the second metal layer 31 may be connected by a conventional binding wire. However, considering that the thinner binding line may increase the parasitic inductance of the commutation loop, optionally, in another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the power device package structure further includes:
and a second interposer 32 located between the second chip 30 and the second metal layer 31, the second interposer 32 being electrically connected to the second chip 30 and the second metal layer 31, respectively, through the frit layer 23.
In this embodiment, the second interposer 32 and the sintering layers 23 on two sides thereof form conductive pillars, so that on one hand, the current path is widened, thickened and impedance is reduced, and parasitic inductance caused by internal packaging can be further reduced, and on the other hand, the contact area between the second interposer 32 and the conductive pillars formed by the sintering layers 23 on two sides thereof and the second chip 30 is greatly increased, thereby further enhancing the ability of heat generated by the second chip 30 to diffuse to the second metal layer 31, i.e., enhancing the ability of heat dissipation of the top layer of the second chip 30.
The present application does not limit the electrical connection method between the first chip 20 and the first conductive part 11 of the substrate 10, and the following description will be given in the embodiments.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present application, the first chip 20 and the first conductive part 11 of the substrate 10 are directly electrically connected, similarly to the chip 020 and the conductive layer of the substrate 021 in fig. 4, through a plurality of through holes 022.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the power device package structure further includes:
a third metal layer 24 located between the first conductive part 11 and the first chip 20, the third metal layer 24 being electrically connected to the first conductive part 11 by a solder layer 25.
In the present embodiment, the first conductive part 11 of the substrate 10 and the first chip 20 are electrically connected through the third metal layer 24, which enables the first chip 20 and the first conductive part 11 of the substrate 10 to be better connected, and on the other hand, the third metal layer 24 serves as a buffer layer to connect the first chip 20 and the first conductive layer 11 of the substrate 10, so that the reliability of the first chip 20 during operation is better.
Similarly, the present application does not limit the electrical connection manner between the second chip 30 and the third conductive part 13 of the substrate 10, and optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second chip 30 and the third conductive part 13 of the substrate 10 are directly electrically connected, similarly to the chip 020 and the conductive layer in the substrate 021 in fig. 4, which are directly electrically connected through the plurality of through holes 022. Optionally, in another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the power device package structure further includes:
a fourth metal layer 33 located between the third conductive part 13 and the second chip 30, the fourth metal layer 33 and the third conductive part 13 being electrically connected by the solder layer 25.
In the present embodiment, the third conductive portion 13 of the substrate 10 and the second chip 30 are electrically connected through the fourth metal layer 33, so that the second chip 30 and the third conductive portion 13 of the substrate 10 can be better connected, and the fourth metal layer 33 serves as a buffer layer to connect the second chip 30 and the third conductive layer 13 of the substrate, so that the second chip 30 has better reliability in operation.
It should be noted that, the first chip 20 and the first conductive part 11 of the substrate 10, and the second chip 30 and the third conductive part 13 of the substrate 10 are connected by a metal layer (i.e. the third metal layer 24 and the fourth metal layer 33), and compared with the direct electrical connection between the chip 020 and the conductive layer of the substrate 021 through a plurality of through holes 022 in fig. 4, the current path is wider and thicker, the impedance is smaller, and the parasitic inductance caused by the internal package can be further reduced.
Based on the fact that the first chip 20 is electrically connected to the first metal layer 21 through the sintered first interposer 23, and is electrically connected to the first conductive part 11 of the substrate 10 through the third metal layer 24, in view of practical process, optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the power device package structure further includes:
and a fifth metal layer 26 and a third interposer 27 located between the third conductive part 13 and the first metal layer 21 and sequentially arranged in a direction away from the substrate 10, wherein the fifth metal layer 26 is electrically connected with the third conductive part 13 through a welding layer 25, and the third interposer 27 is electrically connected with the fifth metal layer 26 and the first metal layer 21 through a sintering layer 23.
As can be seen from the foregoing, in the present embodiment, the third interposer 27 and the sintered layers 23 on both sides thereof form conductive pillars, so that the current path is widened, thickened, and impedance is reduced, thereby further reducing parasitic inductance due to the internal package, and the third interposer 27 is electrically connected to the third conductive portion 13 of the substrate 10 through the fifth metal layer 26, thereby improving reliability of the package structure.
Similarly, on the basis that the second chip 30 is electrically connected to the second metal layer 31 through the sintered second interposer 32, and is electrically connected to the third conductive part 13 of the substrate 10 through the fourth metal layer 33, in view of practical process, optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the power device package structure further includes:
and a sixth metal layer 34 and a fourth interposer 35 which are positioned between the second conductive part 12 and the second metal layer 31 and sequentially arranged along a direction away from the substrate 10, wherein the sixth metal layer 34 is electrically connected with the second conductive part 12 through a welding layer 25, and the fourth interposer 35 is electrically connected with the sixth metal layer 34 and the second metal layer 31 through a sintering layer 23.
As can be seen from the foregoing, in the present embodiment, the fourth interposer 35 and the sintered layers 23 on both sides thereof form conductive pillars, so that the current path is widened, thickened, and impedance is reduced, thereby further reducing parasitic inductance caused by the internal package, and the fourth interposer 35 is electrically connected to the second conductive portion 12 of the substrate 10 through the sixth metal layer 34, thereby improving reliability of the package structure.
Because the power device packaging structure provided by the embodiments of the present application uses the half-bridge topology as a cell module, and the half-bridge topology is the most basic circuit cell form of the power electronic topology, the driving part can be integrated into the packaging structure to form an intelligent power module, so as to facilitate the expansion of multiple parallel/modular circuits.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the power device package structure further includes:
the first gate driving circuit 50 and the first gate terminal 51 are positioned on the first side of the substrate 10, the first gate driving circuit 50 is electrically connected with the first chip 20 through the first binding line 52, and the first gate driving circuit 50 is led out from the first gate terminal 51;
and the second gate driving circuit 60 and the second gate terminal 61 are positioned on the second side of the substrate 10, the second gate driving circuit 60 is electrically connected with the second chip 30 through a second binding line 62, and the second gate driving circuit 60 is led out from the second gate terminal 61.
In this embodiment, the first gate driving circuit 50 for driving the first chip 20 to operate and the second gate driving circuit 60 for driving the second chip 30 to operate are integrated into the package structure, so that the power device package structure provided in this embodiment becomes an intelligent power module to implement convenient multi-parallel/modular system expansion.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the gate level of the first chip 20 (which may be a wide bandgap power device) is still led out by using a conventional bonding wire, and then connected to the built-in first gate level driving circuit 50, and led out through the first gate level terminal 51; similarly, the gate level of the second chip 30 (which may be a wide bandgap power device) is also led out by using a conventional binding line, and then connected to the built-in second gate level driving circuit 60, and led out through the second gate level terminal 61. Since the binding line 52 between the first chip 20 and the first gate driving circuit 50 and the binding line 62 between the second chip 30 and the second gate driving circuit 60 do not participate in the current flowing in the commutation path, the parasitic inductance in the commutation path is not affected even if the conventional binding line connection is adopted.
It should be further noted that, as shown in fig. 5, the first gate driving circuit 50 and the first binding line 52 are electrically connected to the conductive layer on the first side of the substrate 10, so as to electrically connect the first gate driving circuit 50 and the first binding line 52, and further electrically connect the first gate driving circuit 50 and the first chip 20; similarly, the second gate driving circuit 60 and the second binding line 62 are electrically connected to the conductive layer on the second side of the substrate 10, so as to electrically connect the second gate driving circuit 60 and the second binding line 62, and further electrically connect the second gate driving circuit 60 and the second chip 30.
Therefore, the power device packaging structure provided by the embodiment of the application not only reduces parasitic inductance and improves heat dissipation capacity, but also overcomes the defects that the traditional power device packaging structure is not beneficial to module design and the difficulty of multi-parallel/modularized expansion is high, so that the module design is easy to realize.
As can be seen from the foregoing, the first conductive layer 11 and the second conductive layer 12 of the substrate 10 are led out through the dc power terminal 40, and in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the power device package structure further includes: and the high-frequency decoupling capacitor 70, wherein the high-frequency decoupling capacitor 70 is positioned at the direct current power terminal 40, namely at the led-out direct current power terminal 40, and the high-frequency decoupling capacitor 70 is continuously added, so that the parasitic inductance is further reduced.
On the basis of any of the above embodiments, optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the plurality of conductive parts of the substrate further includes a fourth conductive part 14, and the fourth conductive part 14 is electrically connected to the third conductive part 13 and is led out from the ac power terminal 80.
Alternatively, the dc power terminal 40 and the ac power terminal 80 may be led out from two sides of the substrate 10, respectively, which is not limited in this application, as the case may be.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, the fourth conductive part 14 is connected to the ac power terminal 80 through a plurality of through holes by a metal layer in the substrate 10, but the present application is not limited to the specific composition of the fourth conductive part, as long as the fourth conductive part 14 is electrically connected to the third conductive part 13 and is led out from the ac power terminal 80.
In the above embodiments, the first metal layer to the sixth metal layer may be copper metal layers, but other metal layers may be used as appropriate.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the housing is encapsulated by injection molding, so as to achieve better reliability.
Table 1 shows the parasitic inductance comparison of the power device package structure provided in the embodiment of the present application, and compared with the parasitic inductance of the scheme using the insulating metal substrate and the scheme using the chip-embedded PCB substrate, as can be seen from table 1, compared with the scheme using the insulating metal substrate (the parasitic inductance is 12.74 nH) and the scheme using the chip-embedded PCB substrate (the parasitic inductance is 8.89 nH), the parasitic inductance of the power device package structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is only 2.23nH, which is greatly reduced.
Table 1 parasitic inductance comparison between the power device package structure provided in the embodiment of the present application and the scheme using the insulating metal substrate and the scheme using the chip embedded PCB substrate
|
Insulated metal substrate
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Chip embedded PCB substrate
|
This application
|
Parasitic inductance
|
12.74nH
|
8.89nH
|
2.23nH |
Fig. 7 (a) -7 (b) respectively show chip temperature distributions of a conventional power device package structure and the power device package structure provided in the embodiment of the present application under the same dissipative heat dissipation condition, and as can be seen from a comparison between fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the chip junction temperature of the conventional power device package structure is up to 141degC, the chip junction temperature of the power device package structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is up to 128degC, and the temperature is reduced by 13degC.
Since the power device package structure provided by the embodiment of the present application can implement a modular design and is easy to expand, further, the embodiment of the present application also provides a power converter, as shown in fig. 8, the power converter includes:
a plurality of power device packages 300, and an external gate driver circuit 400, wherein each power device package 300 is the power device package provided in any of the above embodiments, and the external gate driver circuit 400 sends driving signals to the first chip and the second chip in each power device package 300.
For example, when the power device package structure 300 includes the first gate-level driving circuit 50 and the second gate-level driving circuit 60, the external gate-level driving circuit 400 transmits a driving signal to the first gate-level driving circuit 50 to enable the first gate-level driving circuit 50 to drive the first chip 20 to operate, and simultaneously the external gate-level driving circuit 400 also transmits a driving signal to the second gate-level driving circuit 60 to enable the second gate-level driving circuit 60 to drive the second chip 30 to operate.
When the power device package structure 300 does not include a gate-level driving circuit therein, the external gate-level driving circuit 400 may also transmit a driving signal to the first chip 20 and the second chip 30 in each power device package structure 300 by means of a wire, etc. to drive the first chip and the second chip to operate.
On the basis of the above embodiments, in each power device package structure, no matter the first chip or the second chip, the lower surface of the chip may be connected to the conductive portion of the substrate, the upper surface may be sintered to the interposer by a sintering process, the interposer is further connected to a thick metal layer, and the thick metal layer is exposed outside the package structure to realize heat dissipation on the upper surface of the chip.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the power converter further includes:
the first heat sink 500 is attached to the first metal layer 21 in each power device package structure 300, and the second heat sink 600 is attached to the second metal layer 31 in each power device package structure 300, so as to further improve the heat dissipation performance.
It should be noted that, in the power converter provided in the embodiment of the present application, although the system expansion of each power device package structure 300 is performed, the parasitic inductance value can still be kept at a low value (< 7 nH).
To sum up, the embodiment of the present application provides a power device package structure and a power converter, the power device package structure includes a housing and a package structure located in the housing, the package structure is based on a half-bridge circuit, which is the most basic circuit primitive form of power electronic topology, and a first chip and a second chip are mounted on two sides of a substrate to form a 3D commutation path of the half-bridge circuit, thereby realizing a current commutation path inside the power device package structure, greatly reducing the physical size of the commutation path, and reducing parasitic inductance.
All parts in the specification are described in a mode of combining parallel and progressive, each part is mainly described to be different from other parts, and the same and similar parts among all parts can be referred to each other.
In the above description of the disclosed embodiments, features described in various embodiments in this specification can be substituted for or combined with each other to enable those skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.