CN115036524A - A bipolar plate and fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bipolar plate and a fuel cell. The bipolar plate includes an anode plate and a cathode plate that are combined together; the bipolar plate includes an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, and a fluid collection area that are distributed in sequence. zone and outlet zone; the flow field zone is a reactive zone where redox reactions occur; the bipolar plate includes at least two independently separated flow field zones. The bipolar plate is matched with the membrane electrode assembly to form a fuel cell unit with two bipolar plates sandwiching a membrane electrode, and at least two independently separated flow field regions in the bipolar plate form at least two fuel cell units, and Multiple fuel cell units are repeatedly stacked together to obtain a fuel cell stack. Compared with fuel cells with a single flow field structure, the reaction area is increased. While the reaction area is increased, better uniformity is achieved. Because the power of the stack can be doubled, the power density of the fuel cell can be greatly improved.

Description

A bipolar plate and fuel cell

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of manufacture of hydrogen fuel cells, relates to a bipolar plate, in particular to a bipolar plate and a fuel cell.

Background technique

A fuel cell is a power generation device, and the fuel cell includes main components such as bipolar plates, membrane electrodes (MEA), current collector plates and end plates. The bipolar plate is the skeleton of the fuel cell, and its main function is to provide a reaction place for the reactants (hydrogen and oxidant), and the electrochemical reaction discharge occurs at the membrane electrode. The function of the bipolar plate is to separate the airflow, conduct electricity, dissipate heat, and discharge reaction products such as water.

Fuel cells are one of the technical routes for new energy vehicles. With the increasing demand for fuel cell vehicle power by vehicle users, larger fuel cell stacks or battery packs are required. The area of the reaction zone of a common bipolar plate is between 200 cm ² and 300 cm ² , and the power of a single stack reaches 200 to 300 kW. In order to achieve greater fuel cell power, one of the ways to achieve this is to require a larger reaction area for the bipolar plate. According to the design scheme of the bipolar plate structure including the inlet and outlet of the reactant and the inlet and outlet of the coolant, the flow distribution area, the flow field area of the flow channel, the reaction area of the bipolar plate is increased, and the reaction area is increased while achieving better uniformity. Sex is also more difficult.

CN 113140748A provides a funnel-shaped fuel cell bipolar plate with a spiral, including a bipolar plate base body, the bipolar plate base body is in the shape of a funnel, and the bottom of the funnel is a circular structure; A cathode flow field is arranged on the inner surface, and an anode flow field is arranged on the outer surface of the bipolar plate base; the cathode flow field has a plurality of spiral channels; and the anode flow field has a plurality of radiation channels. The cathode flow field of the invention adopts a uniformly distributed spiral channel, which makes the gas generate centrifugal force during the flow process, enhances mass transfer, increases the concentration of reactants in the gas diffusion layer, increases the electrochemical reaction rate, and increases the battery current density. The anode flow field adopts a gradual radial flow channel, and the width of the straight rib decreases along the gas flow direction, which can increase the electrochemical reaction area and further improve the current density.

CN 211420326U discloses a porous bipolar electrolytic cell for electrochemical fluorination, which belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry and aims to provide a porous bipolar electrolytic cell for electrochemical fluorination, comprising an electrolytic cell body, and the The bottom of the side walls on both sides of the electrolytic cell body is respectively provided with a feeding port, and the top is provided with a discharging port respectively. The electrolytic cell body is provided with a cathode plate and an anode plate, and a bipolar plate is arranged between the cathode plate and the anode plate. The surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the four top corners of the cathode plate, the anode plate and the bipolar plate are respectively connected and fixed with the side wall of the electrolytic cell body through bolts. By inserting a bipolar plate between the cathode plate and the anode plate, it is equivalent to adding a cathode and an anode to the bipolar plate, which doubles the reaction area. The through holes on the surface of the bipolar plate can make the mass transfer of the reactants. And the secondary reaction, increase the reaction area and improve the reaction efficiency.

CN 111697246A provides a bipolar plate structure and a fuel cell, the bipolar plate structure includes: a first side and a second side, the first side is provided with a hydrogen flow channel, the second side is provided with an oxygen flow channel, the first side At least two hydrogen inlets and at least two hydrogen outlets are arranged on it, at least two hydrogen inlets are respectively connected with the hydrogen flow channel, and at least two hydrogen outlets are also respectively connected with the hydrogen flow channel; at least two oxygen gas channels are arranged on the second side. The inlet and at least two oxygen outlets, the at least two oxygen inlets are respectively communicated with the oxygen flow channel, and the at least two oxygen outlets are respectively communicated with the oxygen flow channel. The invention can ensure that the number of flow channels connected to each hydrogen inlet, hydrogen outlet, and each oxygen inlet and each oxygen outlet is more uniform, so that the area of the reaction zone for the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen can be carried out according to power requirements. Reasonable expansion to solve the problem of uneven gas distribution caused by the structure of three inlets and three outlets due to a single inlet and outlet.

In the above technical solutions, CN 113140748A has a complex structure and needs to modify membrane electrodes, current collector plates and end plates. CN211420326U has a limited degree of increasing the reaction area, while CN 111697246A is equivalent to two bipolar plates arranged side by side and sharing cooling inlets and outlets. Since the cooling is arranged in the vertical direction, it occupies a large space and has a great impact on the power density of the stack.

Therefore, how to improve the bipolar plate structure, increase the active area ratio and increase the power density of the fuel cell are technical problems that need to be solved urgently in the field of fuel cell manufacturing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a bipolar plate and a fuel cell. By improving the structure of the bipolar plate, multiple gas flow fields are provided on one bipolar plate, and a series battery is achieved. the effect of increasing the power density.

For this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a bipolar plate, the bipolar plate includes an anode plate and a cathode plate combined together; the bipolar plate includes an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area; the flow field area is a reactive active area, where redox reactions occur; the bipolar plate includes at least two independently separated flow field areas.

The bipolar plate provided by the present invention is matched with the membrane electrode assembly to form a fuel cell unit with two bipolar plates sandwiching a membrane electrode, and at least two independently separated flow field regions in the bipolar plate form at least two fuel cell units , and multiple fuel cell units are repeatedly stacked together to obtain a fuel cell stack. Compared with fuel cells with a single flow field structure, the reaction area is increased. While the reaction area is increased, it is also possible to achieve better uniformity. The biggest difficulty is that the power of the stack can be doubled, which greatly improves the power density of the fuel cell.

Preferably, the structure of the bipolar plate includes the basic structural units of the bipolar plate arranged in a matrix.

Preferably, the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate comprises an inlet region, a fluid distribution region, a reactive region, a fluid collection region and an outlet region arranged in sequence.

Preferably, the structure of the bipolar plate includes a one-dimensional arrangement of the basic structural units of the bipolar plate.

Preferably, the one-dimensional arrangement is as follows: the basic structural units of the bipolar plates are arranged in one direction.

Preferably, in the one-dimensional arrangement, the number of basic structural units of the bipolar plate is at least 2, for example, 2, 3, 5, 8 or 10, but not limited to the listed values. Other non-recited values within the range also apply, preferably 2-5.

Preferably, in the one-dimensional arrangement, the inlet regions or the outlet regions of the basic structural units of adjacent bipolar plates overlap.

Preferably, the structure of the bipolar plate includes two-dimensional arrangement of the basic structural units of the bipolar plate.

Preferably, the two-dimensional arrangement is as follows: the basic structural units of the bipolar plates are arranged along two vertical directions X and Y in a plane.

Preferably, the number of basic structural units of the bipolar plate in the X direction is at least 2, for example, 2, 3, 5, 8 or 10, but not limited to the listed values, within the range of values Other non-recited values also apply.

Preferably, the number of basic structural units of the bipolar plate in the Y direction is at least 2, for example, it can be 2, 3, 5, 8 or 10, but is not limited to the listed values, within the range of values Other non-recited values also apply.

Preferably, the X direction is consistent with the flow direction of the fluid.

Preferably, the inlet area or the outlet area of the basic structural units of adjacent bipolar plates in the X direction coincide.

In the one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrangements, the reactive regions are independently separated, that is, there is no gas-crossing behavior. Through reasonable flow field connection, the invention reduces the ineffective electrode plate area, optimizes the structure to realize the sharing of the inlet and outlet, further improves the utilization rate of the active area, and increases the area of the reactive active area at the same time.

Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes 1-2 groups of fluid inlet area, fluid distribution area, flow field area, fluid collection area and outlet area.

Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes a hydrogen inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area.

Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area of the cooling liquid.

Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes 1-2 groups of fluid inlet area, fluid distribution area, flow field area, fluid collection area and outlet area.

Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes an oxygen inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area.

Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area of the cooling liquid.

Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes two flow fields.

Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes two flow fields.

In the present invention, two sides of the bipolar plate are gas flow fields, one side of the anode plate is a hydrogen flow field, one side of the cathode plate is an air flow field, and a cooling flow field is between the cathode plate and the anode plate.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate provided by the present invention, the two flow fields preferably share the inlet or outlet of a set of fluids, which saves the ineffective opening area of the polar plate and realizes a larger reactive area on the substrate. .

Preferably, the reactive zone includes a flow channel of fluid.

Preferably, the flow channel includes any one or a combination of at least two of a serpentine flow channel, a straight flow channel, a serpentine flow channel or a multi-hole flow channel, and a typical but non-limiting combination includes a serpentine flow channel and a straight flow channel The combination of straight and meandering runners, the combination of meandering and porous runners, the combination of serpentine, straight and meandering runners, the straight, meandering and porous runners , or a combination of serpentine runners, straight runners, serpentine runners, and multi-hole runners.

Preferably, the fluid distribution area conforms to the configuration of the fluid collection area.

Preferably, the fluid distribution zone is located upstream of the fluid flow.

Preferably, the fluid collection area is located downstream of the fluid flow.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell containing the bipolar plate according to the first aspect.

By the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

(1) The bipolar plate provided by the present invention is matched with the membrane electrode assembly to form a fuel cell unit in which two bipolar plates sandwich one membrane electrode, and at least two independently separated flow field regions in the bipolar plate form at least two fuel cell unit, and multiple fuel cell units are repeatedly stacked together to obtain a fuel cell stack. Compared with the fuel cell with a single flow field structure, the reaction area is increased, and the reaction area is increased while achieving better uniformity. The performance of the fuel cell is also difficult, because the power of the stack can be doubled, which greatly improves the power density of the fuel cell.

(2) The present invention reduces the ineffective plate area through reasonable flow field connection, optimizes the structure to realize the sharing of inlet and outlet, further improves the utilization rate of the active area, and increases the area of the reactive active area.

(3) In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate provided by the present invention, the two flow fields preferably share the inlet or outlet of a set of fluids, which saves the ineffective opening area of the polar plate and realizes a larger area on the substrate. reactive region.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a basic structural unit of a bipolar plate provided by the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-dimensionally arranged bipolar plate provided by the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensionally arranged bipolar plate provided by the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bipolar plate described in Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the bipolar plate described in Example 2. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the bipolar plate described in Example 3. FIG.

in,

1-Inlet area, 2-Outlet area, 3-Fluid distribution area, 4-Reaction active area, 5-Fluid collection area, 6-1-Hydrogen inlet area, 6-2-Hydrogen outlet area, 7-1-Air inlet zone, 7-2-air outlet zone, 8-1-cooling inlet zone, 8-2-cooling outlet zone, 9-feature, 10-runner, 11-runner ridge.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention, and do not represent or limit the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims.

The bipolar plate of the present invention includes two unipolar plates, an anode plate and a cathode plate. Figure 1 shows the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate. Each plate is provided with an inlet zone 1 , a fluid distribution zone 3 , a reactive zone 4 , a fluid collection zone 5 and an outlet zone 2 . One side of the surface of the anode plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet area 6-1, a hydrogen outlet area 6-2, a cooling inlet area 8-1 and a cooling outlet area 8-2. The difference between the cathode plate and the anode plate is that air flows, and an air inlet area 7-1 and an air outlet area 7-2 are provided, and the functions of other corresponding areas are the same as those of the anode plate.

The fluid distribution area 3 is provided with feature structures 9 that improve the uniformity of fluid distribution, which may be small cylinders and/or lattices, etc., which are beneficial to the uniform distribution of fluids.

Corresponding to the reactive region 4 of the membrane electrode, a flow channel 10 and a flow channel ridge 11 are provided, and the flow channel 10 may be a straight channel, a serpentine channel, a meandering channel or a 3D channel. Each flow channel 10 may also be provided with specific local features, such as variable diameter, a wave or wedge-shaped structure at the bottom, to achieve more efficient transmission of reaction gas to the catalyst layer and discharge of reaction-generated water. The generated water and unreacted gas flow through the fluid collection zone 5 and enter the outlet zone 2 , and the hydrogen, air and cooling liquid flow out from the outlet zone 2 .

The bipolar plate of the present invention includes at least two reactive regions 4, so as to improve the effective utilization of the area of the bipolar plate. As shown in FIG. 2, a bipolar plate obtained by one-dimensional arrangement of the basic structural units of the bipolar plate is provided. The bipolar plate is provided with a set of inlets for fluids, that is, there is an inlet area 1, including a hydrogen inlet area 6-1 , the air inlet zone 7-1 and the cooling inlet zone 8-1. The positions of the hydrogen inlet area 6-1, the air inlet area 7-1 and the cooling inlet area 8-1 may be the order of the positions shown in FIG. 2, or the inlet positions may be arranged in other order. The inlet zone 1 is located in the middle of the bipolar plate. There are two sets of fluid outlets on the bipolar plate, namely two outlet zones 2, including hydrogen outlet zone 6-2, air outlet zone 7-2 and cooling outlet zone 8-2. The positions of the hydrogen outlet area 6-2, the air outlet area 7-2 and the cooling outlet area 8-2 may be in the order of the positions shown in FIG. 2, or may be the outlet positions in other order. Adopting the structure of one set of inlet areas 1 and two sets of outlet areas 2 effectively saves the ineffective area of the bipolar plate and improves the power density of the stack. On the basis of FIG. 2 , the structure of one set of outlet zones 2 and two sets of inlet zones 1 can also achieve the effect, which is also within the scope of the present invention.

Using a bipolar plate arranged in two dimensions, as shown in FIG. 4 , there are two reactive regions 4 in the mutually perpendicular X and Y directions, and the bipolar plate contains four reactive regions 4 .

Further, the flow direction of the fluid adopts the same or reverse flow of hydrogen and air, and the flow direction of the cooling liquid is consistent with the flow direction of the air, which effectively improves the performance of the fuel cell.

Example 1

This embodiment provides a bipolar plate (FIG. 4) that includes an anode plate and a cathode plate combined together. The bipolar plate is composed of four basic structural units of the bipolar plate arranged one-dimensionally.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes an inlet zone 1, a fluid distribution zone 3, a reactive zone 4, a fluid collection zone 5 and an outlet zone 2 distributed in sequence; the inlet zone 1 includes a hydrogen inlet zone 6-1 and a cooling zone 6-1. The inlet zone 8-1 and the outlet zone 1 include a hydrogen outlet zone 6-2 and a cooling outlet zone 8-2.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes an inlet zone 1, a fluid distribution zone 3, a reactive zone 4, a fluid collection zone 5 and an outlet zone 2 distributed in sequence; the inlet zone 1 includes an air inlet zone 7-1 and a cooling zone 7-1. The inlet zone 8-1 and the outlet zone 1 include an air outlet zone 7-2 and a cooling outlet zone 8-2.

The reactive zone 4 includes a flow channel 10 and a flow channel ridge 11, and the flow channel 10 is a straight channel.

The structures of the fluid distribution area 3 and the fluid collection area 5 are the same, and feature structures 9 in the shape of a lattice are provided.

The structure of the bipolar plate is obtained by one-dimensional arrangement of the basic structural units of the bipolar plate (Fig. 1). The direction of fluid flow. In the one-dimensional arrangement, the inlet or outlet regions of adjacent bipolar plate basic structural units coincide.

Example 2

This embodiment provides a bipolar plate (FIG. 5) that includes an anode plate and a cathode plate combined together. The bipolar plate is composed of six basic structural units of the bipolar plate arranged in one dimension.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes an inlet zone 1, a fluid distribution zone 3, a reactive zone 4, a fluid collection zone 5 and an outlet zone 2 distributed in sequence; the inlet zone 1 includes a hydrogen inlet zone 6-1 and a cooling zone 6-1. The inlet zone 8-1 and the outlet zone 1 include a hydrogen outlet zone 6-2 and a cooling outlet zone 8-2.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes an inlet zone 1, a fluid distribution zone 3, a reactive zone 4, a fluid collection zone 5 and an outlet zone 2 distributed in sequence; the inlet zone 1 includes an air inlet zone 7-1 and a cooling zone 7-1. The inlet zone 8-1 and the outlet zone 1 include an air outlet zone 7-2 and a cooling outlet zone 8-2.

The reactive zone 4 includes a flow channel 10 and a flow channel ridge 11, and the flow channel 10 is a straight channel.

The structures of the fluid distribution area 3 and the fluid collection area 5 are the same, and feature structures 9 in the shape of a lattice are provided.

The structure of the bipolar plate is obtained by one-dimensional arrangement of the basic structural units of the bipolar plate (Fig. 1). The direction of fluid flow. In the one-dimensional arrangement, the inlet or outlet regions of adjacent bipolar plate basic structural units coincide.

Example 3

This embodiment provides a bipolar plate (FIG. 6) that includes an anode plate and a cathode plate combined together. The bipolar plate is composed of 8 basic structural units of the bipolar plate arranged in two dimensions.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes an inlet zone 1, a fluid distribution zone 3, a reactive zone 4, a fluid collection zone 5 and an outlet zone 2 distributed in sequence; the inlet zone 1 includes a hydrogen inlet zone 6-1 and a cooling zone 6-1. The inlet zone 8-1 and the outlet zone 1 include a hydrogen outlet zone 6-2 and a cooling outlet zone 8-2.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes an inlet zone 1, a fluid distribution zone 3, a reactive zone 4, a fluid collection zone 5 and an outlet zone 2 distributed in sequence; the inlet zone 1 includes an air inlet zone 7-1 and a cooling zone 7-1. The inlet zone 8-1 and the outlet zone 1 include an air outlet zone 7-2 and a cooling outlet zone 8-2.

The reactive zone 4 includes a flow channel 10 and a flow channel ridge 11, and the flow channel 10 is a straight channel.

The structures of the fluid distribution area 3 and the fluid collection area 5 are the same, and feature structures 9 in the shape of a lattice are provided.

The structure of the bipolar plate is obtained by two-dimensionally arranging the basic structural units of the bipolar plate (Fig. 1). In the flow direction of the fluid, two basic structural units of bipolar plates are arranged in the vertical direction. In the two-dimensional arrangement, the inlet regions or outlet regions of adjacent bipolar plate basic structural units arranged laterally coincide.

Example 4

This embodiment provides a bipolar plate. The structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1 except that the inlet regions or outlet regions of the basic structural units of adjacent bipolar plates do not overlap.

Comparative Example 1

This comparative example provides a bipolar plate comprising an anode plate and a cathode plate that are combined together. The bipolar plate is composed of one basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, and has one flow field area.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a reactive area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area distributed in sequence; the inlet area includes a hydrogen inlet area and a cooling inlet area, and the outlet area includes a hydrogen outlet zone and cooling outlet zone.

In the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a reactive area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area distributed in sequence; the inlet area includes an air inlet area and a cooling inlet area, and the outlet area includes an air outlet zone and cooling outlet zone.

The reactive zone includes a flow channel and a flow channel ridge, and the flow channel is a straight channel.

The structures of the fluid distribution area and the fluid collection area are the same, and feature structures in the shape of a lattice are arranged.

The bipolar plate obtained above was assembled into a fuel cell according to the standard of GB/T 24549-2020, and the power test was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Test number The proportion of reactive area power Example 1 50.8% 1411W Example 2 51.5% 2107W Example 3 50.7% 2372W Example 4 45.2% 1425W Comparative Example 1 45.2% 358W

It can be seen from Table 1 that:

(1) It can be seen from Examples 1-3 that the bipolar plate provided by the present invention is matched with the membrane electrode assembly to form a fuel cell unit with two bipolar plates sandwiching a membrane electrode. In the field area, at least two fuel cell units are formed, and multiple fuel cell units are repeatedly stacked together to obtain a fuel cell stack. At the same time, it is also difficult to achieve better uniformity. Since the power of the stack can be doubled, the power density of the fuel cell can be greatly improved.

(2) It can be seen from the comparison of Example 4, Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 that the present invention reduces the ineffective plate area through reasonable flow field connection, optimizes the structure to realize the sharing of inlet and outlet, and further improves the activity The utilization rate of the area is increased, and the area of the reaction active area is increased at the same time, and the power density of the fuel cell is improved.

The present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above detailed structural features to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that any improvement to the present invention, the equivalent replacement of the selected components of the present invention, the addition of auxiliary components, the selection of specific methods, etc., all fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A bipolar plate, characterized in that, the bipolar plate comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate that are merged together; the bipolar plate comprises an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area that are distributed in sequence zone and outlet zone; the flow field zone is a reactive zone where redox reactions occur; the bipolar plate includes at least two independently separated flow field zones. 2. The bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the bipolar plate comprises that the basic structural units of the bipolar plate are arranged in a matrix; Preferably, the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate comprises an inlet region, a fluid distribution region, a reactive region, a fluid collection region and an outlet region arranged in sequence. 3. The bipolar plate according to claim 2, wherein the structure of the bipolar plate comprises that the basic structural units of the bipolar plate are arranged one-dimensionally; Preferably, the one-dimensional arrangement is as follows: the basic structural units of the bipolar plates are arranged in one direction; Preferably, in the one-dimensional arrangement, the number of basic structural units of the bipolar plate is at least 2, preferably 2-5; Preferably, in the one-dimensional arrangement, the inlet regions or the outlet regions of the basic structural units of adjacent bipolar plates overlap. 4. The bipolar plate according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the structure of the bipolar plate comprises that the basic structural units of the bipolar plate are arranged two-dimensionally; Preferably, the two-dimensional arrangement is as follows: the basic structural units of the bipolar plates are arranged in two vertical directions X and Y in a plane; Preferably, the number of basic structural units of the bipolar plate in the X direction is at least 2; Preferably, the number of basic structural units of the bipolar plate in the Y direction is at least 2; Preferably, the X direction is consistent with the flow direction of the fluid; Preferably, the inlet area or the outlet area of the basic structural units of adjacent bipolar plates in the X direction coincide. 5. The bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate comprises 1-2 groups of fluid inlet areas, fluid distribution areas, and flow fields zone, fluid collection zone and outlet zone; Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes a hydrogen inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area; Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate includes an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area of the cooling liquid. 6. The bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate comprises 1-2 groups of fluid inlet areas, fluid distribution areas, Flow field area, fluid collection area and outlet area; Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes an oxygen inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area; Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes an inlet area, a fluid distribution area, a flow field area, a fluid collection area and an outlet area of the cooling liquid. 7. The bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the anode plate comprises two flow fields; Preferably, in the basic structural unit of the bipolar plate, the cathode plate includes two flow fields. 8. The bipolar plate according to claims 1-7, wherein the reactive zone comprises a fluid flow channel; Preferably, the flow channel comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a serpentine flow channel, a straight flow channel, a meandering flow channel or a porous flow channel. 9. The bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the structure of the fluid distribution area is consistent with that of the fluid collection area; Preferably, the fluid distribution zone is located upstream of the fluid flow; Preferably, the fluid collection area is located downstream of the fluid flow. 10. A fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell contains the bipolar plate according to any one of claims 1-9.

Images