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CN115031844B - Polarization measurement method, device and system based on adaptive polarization controller - Google Patents

Polarization measurement method, device and system based on adaptive polarization controller Download PDF

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CN115031844B
CN115031844B CN202210961258.2A CN202210961258A CN115031844B CN 115031844 B CN115031844 B CN 115031844B CN 202210961258 A CN202210961258 A CN 202210961258A CN 115031844 B CN115031844 B CN 115031844B
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phase shifter
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polarization controller
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CN115031844A (en
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唐明
曾一凡
王雪峰
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
    • G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
    • G05B13/04—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
    • G05B13/042—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance

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Abstract

The invention discloses a polarization measurement method, a device and a system based on a self-adaptive polarization controller, belonging to the technical field of optical fiber measurement and polarization control, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: inputting any polarized light into a self-adaptive polarization controller to obtain output light and feedback light; the output light is in a determined polarization state of the TE mode and has the maximum light intensity; s2: acquiring voltage control signals of feedback light correspondingly loaded on a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter in real time, and acquiring an additional phase based on a preset mapping relation and the voltage control signals so as to obtain a transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller; s3: and obtaining the Jones vector of the input arbitrary polarized light by using the transmission matrix of the self-adaptive polarization controller and the Jones vector of the output light, thereby completing the polarization measurement. The invention can enable the self-adaptive polarization controller to realize the polarization measurement of input light by establishing the relationship between the voltage control signal and the additional phase of the phase shifter and the transmission equation of the input light and the output light.

Description

一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法、装置和系统A polarization measurement method, device and system based on an adaptive polarization controller

技术领域technical field

本发明属于光纤测量技术与偏振控制技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法、装置和系统。The invention belongs to the field of optical fiber measurement technology and polarization control technology, and more specifically relates to a polarization measurement method, device and system based on an adaptive polarization controller.

背景技术Background technique

随着相干通信的发展，尤其是在同源零差自相干通信技术的应用中，自适应偏振控制器用于稳定本振光，能够将任意输入偏振态转化为特定偏振态。现有的自适应偏振控制器利用反馈控制环路，由相移器和3dB耦合器组成的级联结构对XY方向的偏振光进行干涉调控，最终输出X方向的输出光强最大，从而实现自适应偏振控制功能。With the development of coherent communication, especially in the application of homogeneous homodyne self-coherent communication technology, an adaptive polarization controller is used to stabilize the local oscillator light, which can convert any input polarization state into a specific polarization state. The existing adaptive polarization controller uses the feedback control loop, and the cascaded structure composed of the phase shifter and the 3dB coupler performs interference regulation on the polarized light in the XY direction, and finally outputs the maximum output light intensity in the X direction, so as to realize the self-adaptive polarization controller. Adapt to the polarization control function.

在光纤传感中，偏振测量技术是指对光的偏振态进行准确测量，例如测量出偏振光的振幅比和相位角，或者测量出偏振光的四个斯托克斯参数。这类偏振分析对还原光纤链路信息和环境感知有重要意义。随着6G网络的建设，将通信传感融为一体成为下一代通信网络的建设目标之一。对于光纤通信系统来说，光纤振动、挤压等物理损伤会严重影响光纤通信的质量，因此使通信系统具备环境感知能力对保障通信质量至关重要。In fiber optic sensing, polarization measurement technology refers to the accurate measurement of the polarization state of light, such as measuring the amplitude ratio and phase angle of polarized light, or measuring the four Stokes parameters of polarized light. This type of polarization analysis is of great significance for restoring fiber link information and environment perception. With the construction of 6G network, the integration of communication and sensing has become one of the construction goals of the next generation communication network. For optical fiber communication systems, physical damage such as optical fiber vibration and extrusion will seriously affect the quality of optical fiber communication. Therefore, enabling the communication system to have environmental awareness is very important to ensure communication quality.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供了一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法、装置和系统，其目的在于基于自适应偏振控制技术，通过分析反馈光对应电压控制信号可以得到两级相移器的附加相位，进而计算出入射偏振态的振幅比与相位角，从而完成偏振分析，由此解决现有的偏振测量方法系统冗杂、测量效率低的技术问题。In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a polarization measurement method, device and system based on an adaptive polarization controller. The purpose is to analyze the corresponding voltage control signal of feedback light based on the adaptive polarization control technology The additional phase of the two-stage phase shifter can be obtained, and then the amplitude ratio and phase angle of the incident polarization state can be calculated to complete the polarization analysis, thus solving the technical problems of complicated systems and low measurement efficiency in the existing polarization measurement method.

为实现上述目的，按照本发明的一个方面，提供了一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法，包括：In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a polarization measurement method based on an adaptive polarization controller is provided, including:

S1：将任意偏振光输入所述自适应偏振控制器，以使其中的偏振分束旋转器将所 述任意偏振光转化为TE模式的X方向偏振态和Y方向偏振态，再经过第一相移器和第二相移 器构成的光波导结构后发生干涉，最终得到输出光和反馈光；所述反馈光利用反馈算法改 变所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器的附加相位

Figure 589485DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 768269DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，从而使所述输出光为TE模式 的确定偏振态且光强最大； S1: Input arbitrary polarized light into the adaptive polarization controller, so that the polarization beam splitting rotator therein converts the arbitrary polarized light into the X-direction polarization state and the Y-direction polarization state of the TE mode, and then passes through the first phase The optical waveguide structure formed by the phase shifter and the second phase shifter interferes, and finally the output light and the feedback light are obtained; the feedback light uses a feedback algorithm to change the additional light of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter phase
Figure 589485DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 768269DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, so that the output light is a definite polarization state of the TE mode and has a maximum light intensity;

S2：实时获取所述反馈光对应加载在所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器的电压控 制信号

Figure 131117DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 963944DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，基于预设映射关系和所述电压控制信号
Figure 58939DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 242796DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
获取所述附加相位
Figure 347018DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 785084DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵；所述预设映射关系是基于所述第一相移 器和所述第二相移器对应的热光效应构建； S2: Obtain the feedback light corresponding to the voltage control signal loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in real time
Figure 131117DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 963944DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, based on the preset mapping relationship and the voltage control signal
Figure 58939DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 242796DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Get the additional phase
Figure 347018DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 785084DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then obtain the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller; the preset mapping relationship is constructed based on the thermo-optic effect corresponding to the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter;

S3：利用所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵和所述输出光的琼斯矢量得到输入的所述任意偏振光的琼斯矢量，从而完成偏振测量。S3: Using the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller and the Jones vector of the output light to obtain the Jones vector of the input light with arbitrary polarization, thereby completing the polarization measurement.

在其中一个实施例中，所述S3包括：In one of the embodiments, the S3 includes:

利用公式

Figure 316559DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
获取所述任意偏振光的琼斯矢量
Figure 722133DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
，
Figure 630046DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
，
Figure 437465DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
为所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵的逆；
Figure 139842DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
为 所述输出光的琼斯矢量，T标识矩阵的偏置；
Figure 32711DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
是所述X方向偏振态和所述Y方向偏振态的振 幅比，
Figure 478736DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
为相位角。 use the formula
Figure 316559DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Get the Jones vector for said arbitrary polarized light
Figure 722133DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
,
Figure 630046DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,
Figure 437465DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is the inverse of the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller;
Figure 139842DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the Jones vector of the output light, T identifies the bias of the matrix;
Figure 32711DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the amplitude ratio of the X-direction polarization state and the Y-direction polarization state,
Figure 478736DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is the phase angle.

在其中一个实施例中，In one of these embodiments,

Figure 891394DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
；或
Figure 891394DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
;or

Figure 764672DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
；
Figure 764672DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
;

m、n为正整数，以上两组解在斯托克斯域代表两种由所述输出光还原输入的所述任意偏振光的不同路径，二者是等价的。m and n are positive integers, and the above two sets of solutions represent two different paths for restoring the input light of arbitrary polarization from the output light in the Stokes domain, and the two are equivalent.

在其中一个实施例中，所述S2包括：In one of the embodiments, the S2 includes:

S21：通过实时获取所述反馈光对应的分别加载在所述第一相移器和所述第二相 移器各自对应的电压控制信号

Figure 144838DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 128974DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
； S21: Obtaining the voltage control signals corresponding to the feedback light respectively loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in real time
Figure 144838DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 128974DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
;

S22：利用公式

Figure 645406DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
获取所述附加相位
Figure 751903DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 557048DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到 所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵
Figure 157924DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
Figure 732125DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
和
Figure 9523DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
为常数，
Figure 36385DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
和
Figure 690220DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
为电压控制信 号为0时的附加相位。 S22: Use the formula
Figure 645406DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Get the additional phase
Figure 751903DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 557048DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then obtain the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller
Figure 157924DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
;
Figure 732125DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
with
Figure 9523DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
is a constant,
Figure 36385DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
with
Figure 690220DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
is the additional phase when the voltage control signal is 0.

在其中一个实施例中，所述S22中的所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵

Figure 118927DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
为： In one of the embodiments, the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller in S22
Figure 118927DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
for:

Figure 567226DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
。
Figure 567226DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
.

在其中一个实施例中，所述自适应偏振控制器是利用所述反馈算法、所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器构成的马赫增德尔干涉仪结构完成对所述任意偏振光的自适应偏振控制；其中，所述反馈算法为梯度下降算法。In one of the embodiments, the adaptive polarization controller utilizes the Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure composed of the feedback algorithm, the first phase shifter, and the second phase shifter to complete the arbitrary polarization Adaptive polarization control of light; wherein, the feedback algorithm is a gradient descent algorithm.

按照本发明的另一方面，提供了一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量装置，用于执行上述基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法，包括：According to another aspect of the present invention, a polarization measurement device based on an adaptive polarization controller is provided for performing the above-mentioned polarization measurement method based on an adaptive polarization controller, including:

输入模块，用于将任意偏振光输入所述自适应偏振控制器，以使其中的偏振分束 旋转器将所述任意偏振光转化为TE模式的X方向偏振态和Y方向偏振态，再经过第一相移器 和第二相移器构成的光波导结构后发生干涉，最终得到输出光和反馈光；所述反馈光利用 反馈算法改变所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器的附加相位

Figure 346963DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 286713DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，从而使所述输出光 为TE模式的确定偏振态且光强最大； The input module is used to input arbitrary polarized light into the adaptive polarization controller, so that the polarization beam splitting rotator therein converts the arbitrary polarized light into the X-direction polarization state and the Y-direction polarization state of the TE mode, and then passes through The optical waveguide structure formed by the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter interferes, and finally obtains output light and feedback light; the feedback light uses a feedback algorithm to change the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter additional phase of the
Figure 346963DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 286713DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, so that the output light is a definite polarization state of the TE mode and has a maximum light intensity;

获取模块，用于实时获取所述反馈光对应加载在所述第一相移器和所述第二相移 器的电压控制信号

Figure 366664DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 189127DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，基于预设映射关系和所述电压控制信号
Figure 252898DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 186219DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
获取所述附加 相位
Figure 386256DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 379620DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵；所述预设映射关系是基于所 述第一相移器和所述第二相移器对应的热光效应构建； An acquisition module, configured to acquire the feedback light corresponding to the voltage control signal loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in real time
Figure 366664DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 189127DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, based on the preset mapping relationship and the voltage control signal
Figure 252898DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 186219DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Get the additional phase
Figure 386256DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 379620DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then obtain the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller; the preset mapping relationship is constructed based on the thermo-optic effect corresponding to the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter;

测量模块，用于利用所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵和所述输出光的琼斯矢量得到输入的所述任意偏振光的琼斯矢量，从而完成偏振测量。The measurement module is configured to use the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller and the Jones vector of the output light to obtain the Jones vector of the input light with arbitrary polarization, so as to complete the polarization measurement.

按照本发明的另一方面，提供了一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量系统，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述方法的步骤。According to another aspect of the present invention, a polarization measurement system based on an adaptive polarization controller is provided, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and it is characterized in that the processor executes the computer program When implementing the steps of the above method.

总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，能够取得下列有益效果：Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

本发明提供的基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法，通过建立电压控制信号和相移器附加相位的关系，以及输入光与输出光的传输方程，能够使自适应偏振控制器实现输入光的偏振测量。由于光纤的双折射效应，光在传输过程中偏振态随着外界环境的扰动发生变化，尤其是对振动信息十分敏感，因而可以利用偏振测量功能对环境进行监测。The polarization measurement method based on the adaptive polarization controller provided by the present invention can enable the adaptive polarization controller to realize the adjustment of the input light by establishing the relationship between the voltage control signal and the additional phase of the phase shifter, and the transmission equation of the input light and the output light. Polarization measurement. Due to the birefringence effect of the optical fiber, the polarization state of light changes with the disturbance of the external environment during transmission, and is especially sensitive to vibration information, so the polarization measurement function can be used to monitor the environment.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一实施例中自适应偏振控制器的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive polarization controller in an embodiment of the present invention.

图2是本发明一实施例中基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法的流程图。Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a polarization measurement method based on an adaptive polarization controller in an embodiment of the present invention.

图3是本发明一实施例中基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法的环境应用图。Fig. 3 is an environmental application diagram of a polarization measurement method based on an adaptive polarization controller in an embodiment of the present invention.

图4是本发明一实施例中在斯托克斯域（庞加莱球上）由输出偏振态还原输入偏振态的两种路径。Fig. 4 shows two paths for restoring the input polarization state from the output polarization state in the Stokes domain (on the Poincaré sphere) in an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

图1是本发明一实施例中自适应偏振控制器的结构示意图；输入任意偏振态经过 偏振分束旋转器被转化为TE模式，包含XY两个方向上的偏振信息。经过第一相移器（相移器 1）和第二相移器（相移器2）构成的光波导结构后，发生干涉。相移器附加相位能够通过控制 信号发生改变。通过反馈算法，改变相移器1和相移器2的附加相位

Figure 681419DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 152852DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
的大小，使得反 馈光的光强最小，此时输出光为TE模式的确定偏振态且光强最大。自适应偏振控制器本质 上是利用梯度下降算法和相移器构成的马赫增德尔干涉仪结构完成对输入光偏振态的自 适应偏振控制。 Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive polarization controller in an embodiment of the present invention; an input arbitrary polarization state is converted into a TE mode through a polarization beam splitting rotator, including polarization information in two directions of XY. After passing through the optical waveguide structure composed of the first phase shifter (phase shifter 1) and the second phase shifter (phase shifter 2), interference occurs. The additional phase of the phase shifter can be changed by a control signal. Through the feedback algorithm, the additional phase of phase shifter 1 and phase shifter 2 is changed
Figure 681419DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 152852DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, so that the light intensity of the feedback light is the minimum, and the output light is the definite polarization state of the TE mode and the light intensity is the maximum. The adaptive polarization controller essentially uses the Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure composed of the gradient descent algorithm and the phase shifter to complete the adaptive polarization control of the polarization state of the input light.

如图2所示，本发明提供一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法，包括：As shown in Figure 2, the present invention provides a polarization measurement method based on an adaptive polarization controller, including:

S1：将任意偏振光输入自适应偏振控制器，以使其中的偏振分束旋转器将任意偏 振光转化为TE模式的X方向偏振态和Y方向偏振态，再经过第一相移器和第二相移器构成的 光波导结构后发生干涉，最终得到输出光和反馈光；反馈光利用反馈算法改变第一相移器 和第二相移器的附加相位

Figure 472975DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 433977DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，从而使输出光为TE模式的确定偏振态且光强最大； S1: Input any polarized light into the adaptive polarization controller, so that the polarization beam splitter rotator in it converts the arbitrary polarized light into the X-direction polarization state and the Y-direction polarization state of the TE mode, and then passes through the first phase shifter and the second The optical waveguide structure composed of two phase shifters interferes, and finally the output light and feedback light are obtained; the feedback light uses the feedback algorithm to change the additional phase of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter
Figure 472975DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 433977DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, so that the output light is a certain polarization state of the TE mode and the light intensity is the largest;

S2：实时获取反馈光对应加载在第一相移器和第二相移器的电压控制信号

Figure 144445DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 481885DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，基于预设映射关系和电压控制信号
Figure 859777DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 742413DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
获取附加相位
Figure 205756DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 81308DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到自适应偏振 控制器的传输矩阵；预设映射关系是基于第一相移器和第二相移器对应的热光效应构建； S2: Obtain the feedback light corresponding to the voltage control signal loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in real time
Figure 144445DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 481885DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, based on the preset mapping relationship and the voltage control signal
Figure 859777DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 742413DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
get additional phase
Figure 205756DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 81308DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then obtain the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller; the preset mapping relationship is constructed based on the thermo-optic effect corresponding to the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter;

S3：利用自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵和输出光的琼斯矢量得到输入的任意偏振光的琼斯矢量，从而完成偏振测量。S3: Using the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller and the Jones vector of the output light to obtain the Jones vector of the input arbitrary polarized light, thereby completing the polarization measurement.

在其中一个实施例中，S3包括：In one of the embodiments, S3 includes:

利用公式

Figure 313706DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
获取任意偏振光的琼斯矢量
Figure 616511DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
，
Figure 363887DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
，
Figure 980814DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
为自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵的逆；
Figure 880768DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
为输出 光的琼斯矢量，T标识矩阵的偏置；
Figure 557737DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
是X方向偏振态和Y方向偏振态的振幅比，
Figure 792409DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
为相位角。 use the formula
Figure 313706DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Get Jones Vector for Arbitrarily Polarized Light
Figure 616511DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
,
Figure 363887DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,
Figure 980814DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is the inverse of the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller;
Figure 880768DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the Jones vector of the output light, and T identifies the bias of the matrix;
Figure 557737DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the amplitude ratio of the polarization state in the X direction and the polarization state in the Y direction,
Figure 792409DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is the phase angle.

其中，

Figure 947447DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
为自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵，
Figure 216754DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 799045DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
对应相移器1和相移器2产 生的附加相位。
Figure 521013DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
与
Figure 479742DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
分别为输出光偏振态和输入光偏振态的琼斯向量。当 自适应偏振控制器工作时，
Figure 351359DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
。 in,
Figure 947447DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
is the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller,
Figure 216754DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 799045DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Corresponds to the additional phase produced by phase shifter 1 and phase shifter 2.
Figure 521013DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
and
Figure 479742DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
are the Jones vectors of the polarization state of the output light and the polarization state of the input light, respectively. When the adaptive polarization controller works,
Figure 351359DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
.

在其中一个实施例中，In one of these embodiments,

Figure 166868DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
；或
Figure 166868DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
;or

Figure 579395DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
；
Figure 579395DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
;

m、n为正整数，以上两组解在斯托克斯域代表两种由输出光还原输入的任意偏振光的不同路径，二者是等价的。m and n are positive integers, and the above two sets of solutions represent two different paths of any polarized light restored by the output light in the Stokes domain, and the two are equivalent.

在其中一个实施例中，S2包括：In one of the embodiments, S2 includes:

S21：通过实时获取反馈光对应的分别加载在第一相移器和第二相移器各自对应 的电压控制信号

Figure 76235DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 788976DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
； S21: Obtain the corresponding voltage control signals respectively loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter by obtaining the feedback light in real time
Figure 76235DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 788976DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
;

S22：利用公式

Figure 244228DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
获取附加相位
Figure 675210DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 241320DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到自适应 偏振控制器的传输矩阵
Figure 559300DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
Figure 982191DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
和
Figure 103731DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
为常数，
Figure 4691DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
和
Figure 895287DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
为电压控制信号为0时的附 加相位。 S22: Use the formula
Figure 244228DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
get additional phase
Figure 675210DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 241320DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then get the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller
Figure 559300DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
;
Figure 982191DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
with
Figure 103731DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
is a constant,
Figure 4691DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
with
Figure 895287DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
is the additional phase when the voltage control signal is 0.

在其中一个实施例中，S22中的自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵

Figure 489079DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
为：In one of the embodiments, the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller in S22
Figure 489079DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
for:

Figure 832336DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
。
Figure 832336DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
.

具体的，通过建立电压控制信号和相移器附加相位的关系，以及输入光与输出光 的传输方程，能够使自适应偏振控制器实现输入光的偏振测量，我们提出利用自适应偏振 控制器同时完成输入光的偏振测量。改进后具有偏振测量能力的系统如图3所示。通过实时 获取控制信号

Figure 287719DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 95138DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
得到附加相位
Figure 797515DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 690384DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
从而得到
Figure 667567DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
的确切形式。通过
Figure 532755DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
， 由于
Figure 953503DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
已知，求解逆矩阵
Figure 333669DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
，即可得到输入偏振态的琼斯矢量表达，从而完成偏振 测量。 Specifically, by establishing the relationship between the voltage control signal and the additional phase of the phase shifter, as well as the transmission equation of the input light and the output light, the adaptive polarization controller can realize the polarization measurement of the input light. We propose to use the adaptive polarization controller to simultaneously A polarization measurement of the input light is done. The improved system with polarization measurement capability is shown in Figure 3. Get the control signal in real time
Figure 287719DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 95138DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
get additional phase
Figure 797515DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 690384DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
thus get
Figure 667567DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
exact form. pass
Figure 532755DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
, because
Figure 953503DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
Known, find the inverse matrix
Figure 333669DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
, the Jones vector expression of the input polarization state can be obtained, so as to complete the polarization measurement.

考虑输入光偏振态可以用琼斯矢量表示为

Figure 317806DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
，其中
Figure 834238DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
是 X、Y偏振态的振幅比，
Figure 940734DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
为相位角。由上式可以求得： Considering that the input light polarization state can be expressed by Jones vector as
Figure 317806DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
, where
Figure 834238DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the amplitude ratio of the X and Y polarization states,
Figure 940734DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is the phase angle. It can be obtained from the above formula:

Figure 745879DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
；或
Figure 745879DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
;or

Figure 78247DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
；
Figure 78247DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
;

以上两组解在斯托克斯域（庞加莱球上）代表两种由输出偏振态还原输入偏振态的不同路径，是等价的。两种路径的表示方法图4所示，其中（a）为庞加莱球平行S2S3平面的俯视图，（b）为三维视图。通过分析电压信号可以得到两级相移器的附加相位，进而计算出入射偏振态的振幅比与方位角，从而完成偏振分析。The above two sets of solutions represent two different paths from the output polarization state to the input polarization state in the Stokes domain (on the Poincaré sphere), which are equivalent. The representation methods of the two paths are shown in Figure 4, where (a) is a top view of the Poincaré sphere parallel to the S2S3 plane, and (b) is a three-dimensional view. By analyzing the voltage signal, the additional phase of the two-stage phase shifter can be obtained, and then the amplitude ratio and azimuth angle of the incident polarization state can be calculated to complete the polarization analysis.

在其中一个实施例中，自适应偏振控制器是利用反馈算法、第一相移器和第二相移器构成的马赫增德尔干涉仪结构完成对任意偏振光的自适应偏振控制；其中，反馈算法为梯度下降算法。In one of the embodiments, the adaptive polarization controller utilizes a feedback algorithm, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure composed of a first phase shifter and a second phase shifter to complete adaptive polarization control for light with any polarization; wherein, the feedback The algorithm is gradient descent algorithm.

按照本发明的另一方面，提供了一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量装置，用于执行上述基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法，包括：According to another aspect of the present invention, a polarization measurement device based on an adaptive polarization controller is provided for performing the above-mentioned polarization measurement method based on an adaptive polarization controller, including:

输入模块，用于将任意偏振光输入自适应偏振控制器，以使其中的偏振分束旋转 器将任意偏振光转化为TE模式的X方向偏振态和Y方向偏振态，再经过第一相移器和第二相 移器构成的光波导结构后发生干涉，最终得到输出光和反馈光；反馈光利用反馈算法改变 第一相移器和第二相移器的附加相位

Figure 714765DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 929845DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，从而使输出光为TE模式的确定偏振态且光 强最大； The input module is used to input arbitrary polarized light into the adaptive polarization controller, so that the polarization beam splitting rotator therein converts arbitrary polarized light into the X-direction polarization state and the Y-direction polarization state of the TE mode, and then undergoes the first phase shift Interference occurs after the optical waveguide structure composed of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter, and finally the output light and the feedback light are obtained; the feedback light uses the feedback algorithm to change the additional phase of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter
Figure 714765DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 929845DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, so that the output light is a certain polarization state of the TE mode and the light intensity is the largest;

获取模块，用于实时获取反馈光对应加载在第一相移器和第二相移器的电压控制 信号

Figure 19024DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 610542DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，基于预设映射关系和电压控制信号
Figure 101566DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 487548DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
获取附加相位
Figure 80335DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 209965DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到 自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵；预设映射关系是基于第一相移器和第二相移器对应的热光 效应构建； The acquisition module is used to acquire the feedback light corresponding to the voltage control signal loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in real time
Figure 19024DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 610542DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, based on the preset mapping relationship and the voltage control signal
Figure 101566DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 487548DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
get additional phase
Figure 80335DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 209965DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then obtain the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller; the preset mapping relationship is constructed based on the thermo-optic effect corresponding to the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter;

测量模块，用于利用自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵和输出光的琼斯矢量得到输入的任意偏振光的琼斯矢量，从而完成偏振测量。The measurement module is used to obtain the Jones vector of the input arbitrary polarized light by using the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller and the Jones vector of the output light, so as to complete the polarization measurement.

按照本发明的另一方面，提供了一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量系统，包括存储器和处理器，存储器存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，处理器执行计算机程序时实现上述方法的步骤。According to another aspect of the present invention, a polarization measurement system based on an adaptive polarization controller is provided, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and it is characterized in that the steps of the above method are realized when the processor executes the computer program .

本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法，其特征在于，包括：1. A polarization measurement method based on an adaptive polarization controller, characterized in that, comprising: S1：将任意偏振光输入所述自适应偏振控制器，以使其中的偏振分束旋转器将所述任意偏振光转化为TE模式的X方向偏振态和Y方向偏振态，再经过第一相移器和第二相移器构成的光波导结构后发生干涉，最终得到输出光和反馈光；所述反馈光利用反馈算法改变所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器的附加相位
Figure 889072DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 420548DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，从而使所述输出光为TE模式的确定偏振态且光强最大；S1: Input arbitrary polarized light into the adaptive polarization controller, so that the polarization beam splitting rotator therein converts the arbitrary polarized light into the X-direction polarization state and the Y-direction polarization state of the TE mode, and then passes through the first phase The optical waveguide structure formed by the phase shifter and the second phase shifter interferes, and finally the output light and the feedback light are obtained; the feedback light uses a feedback algorithm to change the additional light of the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter phase
Figure 889072DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 420548DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, so that the output light is a definite polarization state of the TE mode and has a maximum light intensity; S2：实时获取所述反馈光对应加载在所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器的电压控制信号
Figure 435908DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 243022DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，基于预设映射关系和所述电压控制信号
Figure 191386DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 97026DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
获取所述附加相位
Figure 599682DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 216346DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵；所述预设映射关系是基于所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器对应的热光效应构建；S2: Obtain the feedback light corresponding to the voltage control signal loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in real time
Figure 435908DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 243022DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, based on the preset mapping relationship and the voltage control signal
Figure 191386DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 97026DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Get the additional phase
Figure 599682DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 216346DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then obtain the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller; the preset mapping relationship is constructed based on the thermo-optic effect corresponding to the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter; S3：利用所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵和所述输出光的琼斯矢量得到输入的所述任意偏振光的琼斯矢量，从而完成偏振测量；S3: Obtain the Jones vector of the input arbitrary polarized light by using the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller and the Jones vector of the output light, so as to complete the polarization measurement; 所述S3包括：利用公式
Figure 488059DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
获取所述任意偏振光的琼斯矢量
Figure 817DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
，
Figure 787508DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
，
Figure 443748DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
为所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵的逆；
Figure 68502DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
为所述输出光的琼斯矢量，T标识矩阵的转置；
Figure 581523DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
是所述X方向偏振态和所述Y方向偏振态的振幅比，
Figure 58772DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
为相位角；The S3 includes: using the formula
Figure 488059DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Get the Jones vector for said arbitrary polarized light
Figure 817DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
,
Figure 787508DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
,
Figure 443748DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is the inverse of the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller;
Figure 68502DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the Jones vector of the output light, T identifies the transpose of the matrix;
Figure 581523DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is the amplitude ratio of the X-direction polarization state and the Y-direction polarization state,
Figure 58772DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is the phase angle;
Figure 23098DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
；或
Figure 23098DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
;or
Figure 800561DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
；
Figure 800561DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
; m、n为正整数，以上两组解在斯托克斯域代表两种由所述输出光还原输入的所述任意偏振光的不同路径，二者是等价的；m and n are positive integers, and the above two sets of solutions represent two different paths of the arbitrary polarized light restored by the output light in the Stokes domain, and the two are equivalent; 所述S2包括：S21：通过实时获取所述反馈光对应的分别加载在所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器各自对应的电压控制信号
Figure 687745DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 619667DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
；S22：利用公式
Figure 680027DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
获取所述附加相位
Figure 780838DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 868618DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵
Figure 320459DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
Figure 387772DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
和
Figure 874248DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
为常数，
Figure 664087DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
和
Figure 337645DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
为电压控制信号为0时的附加相位；The S2 includes: S21: Acquiring in real time the corresponding voltage control signals respectively loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter corresponding to the feedback light
Figure 687745DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 619667DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
;S22: use the formula
Figure 680027DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Get the additional phase
Figure 780838DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 868618DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then obtain the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller
Figure 320459DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
;
Figure 387772DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
with
Figure 874248DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
is a constant,
Figure 664087DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
with
Figure 337645DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
is the additional phase when the voltage control signal is 0; 所述S22中的所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵
Figure 474228DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
为：The transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller in S22
Figure 474228DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
for:
Figure 331324DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
。
Figure 331324DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
. 2.如权利要求1所述的基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法，其特征在于，所述自适应偏振控制器是利用所述反馈算法、所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器构成的马赫增德尔干涉仪结构完成对所述任意偏振光的自适应偏振控制；其中，所述反馈算法为梯度下降算法。2. The polarization measurement method based on the adaptive polarization controller according to claim 1, wherein the adaptive polarization controller utilizes the feedback algorithm, the first phase shifter and the second The Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure composed of phase shifters completes the adaptive polarization control of the arbitrary polarized light; wherein, the feedback algorithm is a gradient descent algorithm. 3.一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量装置，其特征在于，用于执行权利要求1或2所述的基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量方法，包括：3. A polarization measurement device based on an adaptive polarization controller, characterized in that, for performing the polarization measurement method based on an adaptive polarization controller according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: 输入模块，用于将任意偏振光输入所述自适应偏振控制器，以使其中的偏振分束旋转器将所述任意偏振光转化为TE模式的X方向偏振态和Y方向偏振态，再经过第一相移器和第二相移器构成的光波导结构后发生干涉，最终得到输出光和反馈光；所述反馈光利用反馈算法改变所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器的附加相位
Figure 527950DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 954384DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，从而使所述输出光为TE模式的确定偏振态且光强最大；The input module is used to input arbitrary polarized light into the adaptive polarization controller, so that the polarization beam splitting rotator therein converts the arbitrary polarized light into the X-direction polarization state and the Y-direction polarization state of the TE mode, and then passes through The optical waveguide structure formed by the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter interferes, and finally obtains output light and feedback light; the feedback light uses a feedback algorithm to change the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter additional phase of the
Figure 527950DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 954384DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, so that the output light is a definite polarization state of the TE mode and has a maximum light intensity; 获取模块，用于实时获取所述反馈光对应加载在所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器的电压控制信号
Figure 894658DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 854261DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
，基于预设映射关系和所述电压控制信号
Figure 690630DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
和
Figure 338780DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
获取所述附加相位
Figure 784543DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
和
Figure 834539DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
，进而得到所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵；所述预设映射关系是基于所述第一相移器和所述第二相移器对应的热光效应构建；An acquisition module, configured to acquire the feedback light corresponding to the voltage control signal loaded on the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter in real time
Figure 894658DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 854261DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, based on the preset mapping relationship and the voltage control signal
Figure 690630DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with
Figure 338780DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Get the additional phase
Figure 784543DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
with
Figure 834539DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then obtain the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller; the preset mapping relationship is constructed based on the thermo-optic effect corresponding to the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter; 测量模块，用于利用所述自适应偏振控制器的传输矩阵和所述输出光的琼斯矢量得到输入的所述任意偏振光的琼斯矢量，从而完成偏振测量。The measurement module is configured to obtain the Jones vector of the input light with arbitrary polarization by using the transmission matrix of the adaptive polarization controller and the Jones vector of the output light, so as to complete the polarization measurement. 4.一种基于自适应偏振控制器的偏振测量系统，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现权利要求1或2所述的方法的步骤。4. A polarization measurement system based on an adaptive polarization controller, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, it is characterized in that, when the processor executes the computer program, it realizes the method described in claim 1 or 2. steps of the method described above.
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