CN115015630A - Ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection system and method based on photoelectric oscillator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for detecting an ultra-weak frequency offset signal based on a photoelectric oscillator, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a laser emission module, a photoelectric oscillator module, a phase-locked loop module and an ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection module; the laser emitting module is used for emitting laser and generating a first optical signal and a second optical signal; the photoelectric oscillator module is used for generating a starting oscillation mode of the photoelectric oscillator and outputting a first electric signal; the phase-locked loop module is used for stabilizing the oscillation starting frequency of the oscillation starting mode of the photoelectric oscillator; the ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection module is used for acquiring an ultra-weak frequency offset optical signal to be detected and a second optical signal, generating a beat frequency signal and feeding back the beat frequency signal to the optoelectronic oscillator module with frequency offset information; and the phase-locked loop module is coupled with the first electric signal after phase shifting and the beat frequency signal output by the ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection module to the photoelectric oscillator module to obtain ultra-weak frequency offset signal information. The method realizes the detection of the ultra-weak frequency offset signal with high refresh rate, high resolution and high sensitivity, and has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability.

Description

A system and method for detecting ultra-weak frequency offset signal based on photoelectric oscillator

technical field

The invention relates to the field of ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection, in particular to an ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system and method based on a photoelectric oscillator.

Background technique

With the rapid development of communication technology, more and more fields have paid more attention to the frequency offset signal detection technology. Since the frequency offset between signals carries a lot of information, the detection of frequency offset signals is particularly important. In addition, due to power limitations, in some fields, such as radar, medical treatment, Internet of Things, precision instrument control, microphysics and other fields, there is an urgent need for ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection technology. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance and practical demand to carry out research on ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection technology. Solving this problem will vigorously promote the development of various fields and contribute to the development of the national economy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection system and method based on an optoelectronic oscillator, including a laser emission module, an optoelectronic oscillator module, a phase-locked loop module, an ultra-weak frequency offset signal Frequency offset signal detection module. It realizes the detection of ultra-weak frequency deviation signals with high refresh rate, high resolution and high sensitivity; it has the ability to respond to ultra-weak signals; it can detect a larger frequency deviation range; it has lower requirements on the output power and line width of the laser, It provides richer methods and more flexible spectrum data analysis options for the detection of ultra-weak frequency offset signals.

In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention provides an ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system based on a photoelectric oscillator, comprising: a laser emission module, a photoelectric oscillator module, a phase-locked loop module and an ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module;

The laser emitting module is used for emitting laser light to generate a first optical signal and a second optical signal;

The photoelectric oscillator module is used to obtain the first optical signal, obtain the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator, and output the first electrical signal at the same time;

The phase-locked loop module is used to stabilize the start-up frequency of the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator;

The ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module is used to acquire the ultra-weak frequency polarization signal to be detected and the second optical signal, generate a beat frequency signal, and feed back the photoelectric oscillator module with the frequency deviation information;

The first electrical signal after the phase-locked loop module shifts the phase and the beat frequency signal output by the ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module are coupled to the photoelectric oscillator module to obtain the ultra-weak frequency deviation signal information.

Optionally, the laser emission module includes: a laser and a fiber beam splitter;

the laser is connected to the fiber beam splitter;

the laser is used for emitting laser light;

The optical fiber beam splitter is used for decomposing the laser light to obtain a first optical signal and a second optical signal.

Optionally, the optoelectronic oscillator module includes: an electro-optical modulator, a first photodetector, a first electrical amplifier, an electrical filter and a second electrical amplifier;

The electro-optical modulator, the first photodetector, the first electrical amplifier and the electrical filter are connected in sequence, and the second electrical amplifier is connected to the electro-optical modulator;

the electro-optic modulator is used to modulate the first optical signal;

The first photodetector is used to convert the modulated first optical signal into an electrical signal to generate a first electrical signal;

the first electric amplifier and the second electric amplifier are used to provide gain for the resonant cavity;

The electrical filter is used to provide the starting frequency.

Optionally, the phase-locked loop module includes: a voltage-controlled phase shifter, a phase-locked loop circuit and a loop filter circuit;

The voltage-controlled phase shifter is connected to the loop filter circuit, and the phase-locked loop circuit is connected to the loop filter circuit;

the voltage-controlled phase shifter is used to shift the phase of the first electrical signal;

the phase-locked loop circuit is used to analyze the frequency and phase of the first electrical signal;

The loop filter circuit is used for filtering the branched electrical signal of the first electrical signal after the phase shift.

Optionally, the ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection module includes: a fiber combiner, a second photodetector and a phase shifter;

the fiber combiner, the second photodetector and the phase shifter are connected in sequence;

The optical fiber combiner is used for combining the second optical signal and the ultra-weak frequency polarized light signal to be detected to generate a combined optical signal;

The second photodetector is used to convert the combined beam signal into an electrical signal to generate the beat signal;

The phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the beat signal.

Optionally, the phase-locked loop module stabilizes the start-up frequency of the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator by stabilizing the cavity length of the photoelectric oscillator resonant cavity.

Optionally, a power divider is further included, and the power divider is configured to divide the phase-shifted first electrical signal into two outputs.

Optionally, an electrical spectrometer is further included, and the electrical spectrometer is configured to perform frequency offset inversion analysis on the spectrum data of the beat signal to obtain frequency offset information.

The present invention also provides an ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection method based on the photoelectric oscillator, comprising the following steps:

obtaining the first optical signal, obtaining the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator, and simultaneously outputting the first electrical signal;

Obtain the ultra-weak frequency polarized light signal and the second light signal to be detected, and generate a beat frequency signal,

Based on the phase-shifted first electrical signal and the beat frequency signal, spectrum analysis is performed to obtain ultra-weak frequency offset signal information.

Optionally, the calculation expression of each frequency in the spectrum analysis is:

|f ₁ -f ₀ |=f _OEO

Among them, f ₁ is the frequency of the ultra-weak frequency polarization signal to be detected, f ₀ is the frequency of the input laser, and f _OEO is the start-up frequency of the photoelectric oscillator.

Optionally, the calculation formula of the ultra-weak frequency offset signal information is:

f ₁ =|f ₁ -f _OEO |

Among them, f ₁ is the frequency of the ultra-weak frequency polarization signal to be detected, f ₀ is the frequency of the input laser, and f _OEO is the start-up frequency of the photoelectric oscillator.

The present invention has the following technical effects:

1. The present invention realizes the detection of ultra-weak frequency offset signals with high refresh rate, high resolution and high sensitivity;

2. The present invention has the performance of responding to ultra-weak frequency offset signals through the amplification of the local oscillation mode of the resonant cavity, and has high detection sensitivity for the detection of ultra-weak frequency offset signals, and even has the ability to detect single photons;

3. The present invention improves the frequency shift detection range by flexibly adjusting the starting frequency of the photoelectric oscillator (optoelectronic oscillator, OEO) resonant cavity, matching the frequency detuning amount between the ultra-weak frequency offset signal and the laser;

4. The present invention has a high refresh rate when the frequency of the signal to be measured changes, which simplifies the problem of huge data processing in the middle and later stages of the existing ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection, and the system is stable. The ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection module adopts Optical fiber structure, strong anti-electromagnetic interference ability.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

1 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection system based on a photoelectric oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an ultra-weak frequency offset signal based on a photoelectric oscillator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection system based on a photoelectric oscillator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

In Fig. 1: 1, laser; 2, fiber beam splitter; 3, electro-optical modulator; 4, first photodetector; 5, first electric amplifier; 6, electric filter; 7, voltage-controlled phase shifter; 8. Power divider; 9. Electrical coupler; 10. Second electrical amplifier; 11. Phase-locked loop circuit; 12. Loop filter circuit; 13. Fiber combiner; 14. Second photodetector; 15. Phase shifter; 16. Spectrometer;

In Fig. 3: 1, laser; 2, fiber beam splitter; 3, electro-optical modulator; 4, first photodetector; 5, first electric amplifier; 6, electric filter; 7, voltage-controlled phase shifter; 8. Power divider; 9. Electric coupler; 10. Second electric amplifier; 11. Phase-locked loop circuit; 12. Loop filter circuit; 17. Phase shifter; 18. Electric spectrometer.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention discloses an ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system based on a photoelectric oscillator, comprising: a laser emission module, a photoelectric oscillator module, a phase-locked loop module, an ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module, a power splitters, electrical couplers and spectrometers;

The laser emission module includes: a laser 1 and an optical fiber beam splitter 2 , and the laser 1 is connected to the optical fiber beam splitter 2 . The laser 1 is used for emitting laser light, and the fiber beam splitter 2 is used for splitting the laser light to obtain a first optical signal and a second optical signal.

The optoelectronic oscillator module includes: an electro-optical modulator 3, a first photodetector 4, a first electrical amplifier 5, an electrical filter 6 and a second electrical amplifier 10, the electro-optical modulator 3, the first photodetector 4 , the first electric amplifier 5 and the electric filter 6 are connected in sequence, and the second electric amplifier 10 is connected with the electro-optical modulator 3 . The electro-optical modulator 3 is used for modulating the first optical signal, and the first photodetector 4 is used for converting the modulated first optical signal into an electrical signal to generate a first electrical signal, and the first electrical signal is generated. An electric amplifier 5 and the second electric amplifier 10 are used to provide gain for the resonant cavity, and the electric filter 6 is used to provide the starting frequency.

The phase-locked loop module includes: a voltage-controlled phase shifter 7, a phase-locked loop circuit 11 and a loop filter circuit 12, the voltage-controlled phase shifter 7 is connected to the loop filter circuit 12, and the phase-locked loop circuit 12 is connected. The loop circuit 11 is connected to the loop filter circuit. The voltage-controlled phase shifter 7 is used to shift the phase of the first electrical signal, the phase-locked loop circuit 11 is used to keep the phase and the start-up frequency of the photoelectric oscillator in synchronization with the input signal, and the loop filter circuit is used for for filtering the branched electrical signal of the first electrical signal.

The ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection module includes: a fiber combiner 13, a second photodetector 14 and a phase shifter 15, the fiber combiner 13, the second photodetector 14 and the phase shifter 15 The devices 15 are connected in sequence. The fiber combiner 13 is used to combine the second optical signal and the ultra-weak frequency polarized light signal to be detected to generate a combined optical signal, and the second photodetector 14 is used to combine the combined light. The signal is converted into an electrical signal to generate the beat signal, and the phase shifter 15 is used to adjust the phase of the beat signal.

The power divider 8 is used for dividing the phase-shifted first electrical signal into two outputs, and the power divider 8 is respectively connected to the voltage-controlled phase shifter 7 and the phase-locked loop circuit 11 .

The electrical spectrometer 16 is used for performing frequency offset inversion analysis on the spectral data detected in the coupling process to obtain frequency offset information; the electrical spectrometer 16 is connected to the second electrical amplifier 10 .

The electrical coupler 9 is used to couple the first electrical signal output by the phase-locked loop module and the beat frequency signal output by the ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module to the photoelectric oscillator module, to obtain: Ultra-weak frequency offset signal information; the electrical coupler 9 is respectively connected to the phase shifter 15 , the power divider 8 and the second electrical amplifier 10 .

The laser light emitted by the laser transmitter 1 is modulated by the fiber beam splitter 2 and the electro-optical modulator 3 in turn. After photoelectric conversion is realized by the first photodetector 4, it enters the first electric amplifier 5, the electric filter 6, and the voltage-controlled shifter in turn. The phase device 7, the power divider 8, the electric coupler 9, the second electric amplifier 10, and finally the resonant cavity fed back to the photoelectric oscillator through the electro-optical modulator 3 constitute the photoelectric oscillator.

In this embodiment, the wavelength of the laser light emitted by the laser transmitter 1 is λ ₀ and the frequency is f ₀ . The laser light passes through the fiber beam splitter 2 to split the laser light into two paths, namely the first optical signal and the second optical signal . The first optical signal enters the electro-optical modulator 3, is modulated by the electro-optical modulator 3, the modulated first optical signal enters the first photodetector 4, and the modulated first optical signal is converted into a first optical signal. The electrical signal, the electrical filter 6 determines the starting frequency of the system, and the first electrical amplifier 5 and the second electrical amplifier 10 provide gain for the resonant cavity. After the first electrical signal passes through the first electrical amplifier 5 and the electrical filter 6 in sequence, it enters the voltage-controlled phase shifter 7 to move the phase of the first electrical signal, and the phase-shifted first electrical signal enters the power divider 8 , the power divider 8 divides the phase-shifted first electrical signal into two electrical signal outputs, and one electrical signal enters the electrical coupler 9 and enters the second electrical amplifier 10. The electrical signal output by the second electrical amplifier 10 Feed back to the electro-optical modulator 3 to form a photoelectric oscillator structure, adjust the gain of the system, make the photoelectric oscillator just start to vibrate, and the start-up frequency is f _OEO ; another electrical signal enters the phase-locked loop circuit 11, and the phase-locked loop circuit 11 analyzes The frequency and phase of this electrical signal keep its phase and the start-up frequency f _OEO of the optoelectronic oscillator synchronized with the input signal. The output end of the phase-locked loop circuit 11 is connected to the loop filter circuit 12, and the loop The circuit filter circuit 12 is used to filter this branched electrical signal of the first electrical signal, and the filtered error electrical signal is fed back and input to the voltage-controlled phase shifter 7 to complete the control of the cavity length of the photoelectric oscillator resonant cavity , the purpose is to stabilize the starting frequency f _OEO .

In the ultra-weak frequency-offset signal detection module, the second optical signal split by the laser 1 through the fiber beam splitter 2 and the ultra-weak-frequency polarized optical signal to be measured enter the fiber combiner 13, and the fiber combiner 13 combines the The two optical signals and the ultra-weak-frequency polarization signal to be detected are combined to generate a combined optical signal. The frequency of the ultra-weak-frequency polarization signal to be detected is unknown and is set to f1. The output end of the fiber combiner 13 is connected to the first The input ends of the two photodetectors 14 are connected to convert the combined optical signal into an electrical signal to obtain a beat frequency signal. The frequency of the beat frequency signal is f ₀ -f ₁ ; the beat frequency signal passes through the phase shifter 15 , adjust the phase of the beat frequency signal by adjusting the supply voltage of the phase shifter 15, so that the beat frequency signal passing through the phase shifter is input to the electrical coupler 9 with an appropriate phase, and the output end of the electrical coupler 9 is connected to the electrical spectrometer. 16 is connected, and the electrical spectrometer 16 performs frequency offset inversion analysis on the detected spectrum data of the beat signal to obtain frequency offset information.

The electrical signal output via the power divider 8 and the beat frequency signal carrying the frequency offset information output via the phase shifter 15 enter the electrical coupler 9 at the same time, and the electrical coupler 9 couples the resonance injected into the optoelectronic oscillator. When the signal injected into the resonant cavity of the photoelectric oscillator and the local oscillation mode of the photoelectric oscillator reach the condition of frequency and phase matching, the amplification of the starting frequency of the photoelectric oscillator is realized. Adjust the start-up frequency of the system. When the power of the start-up frequency f _OEO of the photoelectric oscillator is displayed on the spectrometer 16 , it means that the signal injected into the photoelectric oscillator resonator and the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator satisfy the frequency and phase matching conditions , each frequency satisfies the following equation: |f ₁ -f ₀ |=f _OEO .

Obtain the frequency offset information of the ultra-weak frequency offset signal to be detected relative to the laser output from the laser 1, observe and analyze the spectrum by the electric spectrometer 16, and obtain the information of the ultra-weak frequency offset signal finally detected. The formula is: f ₁ =|f ₁ -f _OEO |.

Embodiment 2

obtaining the first optical signal, obtaining the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator, and simultaneously outputting the first electrical signal;

acquiring the ultra-weak frequency polarized light signal to be detected and the second light signal, and generating a beat frequency signal,

Based on the phase-shifted first electrical signal and the beat frequency signal, spectrum analysis is performed to obtain ultra-weak frequency offset signal information.

Specifically, in the second embodiment

Step 1: the wavelength of the laser light emitted by the laser 1 is λ ₀ and the frequency is f ₀ , which is divided into a first optical signal and a second optical signal by the fiber beam splitter 2, wherein the first optical signal is modulated by the electro-optical modulator 3;

Step 2: The modulated first optical signal then enters the first photodetector 4 to convert the modulated first optical signal into an electrical signal to generate a first electrical signal;

Step 3: The first electrical signal sequentially passes through the first electrical amplifier 5, the electrical filter 6, the voltage-controlled phase shifter 7, the power divider 8, the electrical coupler 9, and the second electrical amplifier 10, wherein the electrical filter 6 Determine the starting frequency of the system, the first electric amplifier 5 and the second electric amplifier 10 provide gain for the resonant cavity;

Step 4: The first electrical signal after the phase shift output by the second electrical amplifier 10 is fed back to the electro-optical modulator 3 to form an optoelectronic oscillator structure, and the gain of the system is adjusted to make the OEO just start to vibrate, and the start-up frequency is f _OEO ;

Step 5: the photoelectric oscillator is coupled and output from the power divider 8, and the power divider 8 divides the first electrical signal after the phase shift into two paths;

Step 6: One of the electrical signals branched by the power divider 8 enters the phase-locked loop circuit 11, and the frequency and phase of the one of the electrical signals branched by the power divider 8 are analyzed;

Step 7: Transmit one of the electrical signals from the power divider 8 to the loop filter circuit 12, and then feed it back to the input end of the voltage-controlled phase shifter 7 to complete the control of the OEO cavity length for the purpose of stabilizing Oscillation frequency f _OEO ;

Step 8: The second optical signal and the ultra-weak frequency polarized light signal to be detected whose frequency is f ₁ (unknown frequency) are jointly input to the optical fiber combiner 13 to generate a combined optical signal;

Step 9: transmitting the combined beam optical signal to the second photodetector, converting the combined beam optical signal into an electrical signal, and obtaining a beat frequency signal with a frequency of f ₀ -f ₁ ;

Step 10: The beat frequency signal passes through the phase shifter 15 to adjust the supply voltage of the phase shifter 15, so that the output beat frequency signal is input to the electrical coupler 9 with an appropriate phase;

Step 11: Adjust the start-up frequency of the photoelectric oscillator. When the power of the start-up frequency f _OEO of the photoelectric oscillator is displayed on the spectrometer 16 , it means that the signal injected into the resonant cavity of the photoelectric oscillator is in the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator. The frequency and phase matching conditions are satisfied, and each frequency satisfies the following equation: |f ₁ -f ₀ |=f _OEO ;

Step 12: Obtain the frequency offset information of the ultra-weak frequency polarized light signal to be detected relative to the laser output from the laser 1, and the calculation formula is: f ₁ =|f ₁ -f _OEO |.

Embodiment 3

As shown in FIG. 3 , the present invention also discloses an ultra-weak frequency bias electrical signal detection system based on a photoelectric oscillator. , based on the steps of the first embodiment, the information of the ultra-weak frequency offset electrical signal can be detected.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. an ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system based on photoelectric oscillator, is characterized in that, comprises: laser emission module, photoelectric oscillator module, phase-locked loop module and ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module; The laser emitting module is used for emitting laser light to generate a first optical signal and a second optical signal; The photoelectric oscillator module is used to obtain the first optical signal, obtain the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator, and output the first electrical signal at the same time; The phase-locked loop module is used to stabilize the start-up frequency of the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator; The ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module is used to acquire the ultra-weak frequency polarization signal to be detected and the second optical signal, generate a beat frequency signal, and feed back the photoelectric oscillator module with the frequency deviation information; The first electrical signal after the phase-locked loop module shifts the phase and the beat frequency signal output by the ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module are coupled to the photoelectric oscillator module to obtain the ultra-weak frequency deviation signal information. 2. The ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system based on photoelectric oscillator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described laser emission module comprises: laser and fiber beam splitter; the laser is connected to the fiber beam splitter; the laser is used for emitting laser light; The optical fiber beam splitter is used for decomposing the laser light to obtain a first optical signal and a second optical signal. 3. The ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system based on an optoelectronic oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the optoelectronic oscillator module comprises: an electro-optical modulator, a first photodetector, a first electrical amplifier, an electrical a filter and a second electric amplifier; The electro-optical modulator, the first photodetector, the first electrical amplifier and the electrical filter are connected in sequence, and the second electrical amplifier is connected to the electro-optical modulator; the electro-optic modulator is used to modulate the first optical signal; The first photodetector is used to convert the modulated first optical signal into an electrical signal to generate a first electrical signal; the first electric amplifier and the second electric amplifier are used to provide gain for the resonant cavity; The electrical filter is used to provide the starting frequency. 4. The ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection system based on photoelectric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the phase-locked loop module comprises: a voltage-controlled phase shifter, a phase-locked loop circuit and a loop filter circuit ; The voltage-controlled phase shifter is connected to the loop filter circuit, and the phase-locked loop circuit is connected to the loop filter circuit; the voltage-controlled phase shifter is used to shift the phase of the first electrical signal; the phase-locked loop circuit is used to analyze the frequency and phase of the first electrical signal; The loop filter circuit is used for filtering the branched electrical signal of the first electrical signal after the phase shift. 5. The ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system based on a photoelectric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection module comprises: a fiber combiner, a second photodetector and a phase shifter device; the fiber combiner, the second photodetector and the phase shifter are connected in sequence; The optical fiber combiner is used for combining the second optical signal and the ultra-weak frequency polarized light signal to be detected to generate a combined optical signal; The second photodetector is used to convert the combined beam signal into an electrical signal to generate the beat signal; The phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of the beat signal. 6 . The ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system based on photoelectric oscillator according to claim 1 , wherein the phase-locked loop module stabilizes the cavity length of the photoelectric oscillator resonant cavity by stabilizing the cavity length of the photoelectric oscillator. 7 . The start-up frequency of the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator. 7 . The ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection system based on photoelectric oscillator according to claim 1 , further comprising an electric spectrometer, which is used to analyze the spectral data of the beat signal. 8 . Perform frequency offset inversion analysis to obtain frequency offset information. 8. an ultra-weak frequency offset signal detection method based on photoelectric oscillator, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: obtaining the first optical signal, obtaining the start-up mode of the photoelectric oscillator, and simultaneously outputting the first electrical signal; Obtain the ultra-weak frequency polarized light signal and the second light signal to be detected, and generate a beat frequency signal, Based on the phase-shifted first electrical signal and the beat frequency signal, spectrum analysis is performed to obtain ultra-weak frequency offset signal information. 9. the ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection method based on photoelectric oscillator according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the calculation expression of each frequency in described spectrum analysis is: |f ₁ -f ₀ |=f _OEO Among them, f ₁ is the frequency of the ultra-weak frequency polarization signal to be detected, f ₀ is the frequency of the input laser, and f _OEO is the start-up frequency of the photoelectric oscillator. 10. The ultra-weak frequency deviation signal detection method based on photoelectric oscillator according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the calculation formula of described ultra-weak frequency deviation signal information is: f ₁ =|f ₁ -f _OEO | Among them, f ₁ is the frequency of the ultra-weak frequency polarization signal to be detected, f ₀ is the frequency of the input laser, and f _OEO is the start-up frequency of the photoelectric oscillator.

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