CN115012216B - Modified PEEK-based sizing agent, preparation thereof and application thereof in preparation of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

A modified PEEK-based sizing agent, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof in preparation of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite materials. The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material modified carbon fibers. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing PEEK-based sizing agent cannot effectively improve the interfacial bonding strength between fibers and a matrix in a carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite materialThe mechanical and electrical properties of the CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material are not high due to easy agglomeration of CNTs. The modified PEEK-based sizing agent of the invention takes DMF as a solvent and CNTs/MXes-PEEK compound as a solute. Preparation: HATU is taken as condensing agent and PEEK-COOH and MXnes-NH are taken as condensing agent ₂ And CNTs-NH ₂ Is prepared through condensation reaction. Application: and (3) placing the carbon fiber fabric in a modified PEEK-based sizing agent for vibration impregnation to obtain a modified CF fabric film, and then stacking and casting resin layer by layer to obtain the MXenes/CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material. The method of the invention has simple and controllable operation and low cost, and can be suitable for obtaining other high-performance composite materials.

Description

A modified PEEK-based sizing agent and its preparation and its application in carbon fiber/epoxy resin Applications in the preparation of composite materials

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nano-material modified carbon fiber, and in particular relates to a modified PEEK-based sizing agent, its preparation and its application in the preparation of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material.

Background technique

Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites (CFRECs) are widely used in aerospace, railway, automobile and wind power generation due to their light weight, excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, due to the smooth graphite surface and stable non-polar structure of carbon fibers (CFs), the interfacial bonding between the resin matrix and CFs is poor, so modifying CFs to improve the interfacial bonding effect between fibers and the matrix has been extensively studied. . Aiming at modifying the surface of CFs and enhancing the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the matrix, many strategies have been proposed, including electrochemical oxidation, plasma treatment, chemical grafting, sizing, etc., among which sizing is a cost-effective and controllable method. Sizing on the fiber surface can not only improve the wettability of the fiber surface, strengthen the interfacial interaction through the "bridge" connection, but also introduce functional groups to provide good chemical bonding at the interface without causing damage to the carbon fiber .

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an ideal choice for sizing matrix and reinforced composite materials because of its excellent mechanical properties, good thermal stability and chemical corrosion resistance. However, due to the chemical inertness of the PEEK surface, it is difficult for PEEK to fully infiltrate the CFs surface, resulting in low bonding strength between CFs and PEEK, which makes the mechanical properties unsatisfactory. In the era of rapid development of nanotechnology, the incorporation of nanoparticles has made progress in improving the adhesion of fibers to the matrix in composite materials, improving the chemical interaction at the interface. Therefore, combining nanoparticles and polymer solution as a composite sizing agent to promote the interfacial adhesion of CFs and resin matrix is one of the most effective methods. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have high specific surface area, excellent mechanical, electrical and optical properties, and are widely used as reinforcement materials for composite materials. However, due to the high specific surface area of CNTs, problems such as agglomeration and uneven dispersion are prone to occur, which makes the mechanical and electrical properties of the obtained composite materials less than ideal.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the current existing PEEK-based sizing agent cannot effectively improve the interfacial bonding strength between the fiber and the matrix in the carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material and the mechanical properties of the carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material reinforced by CNTs due to the easy agglomeration of CNTs. In view of the technical problem of low electrical performance, a modified PEEK-based sizing agent, its preparation and its application in the preparation of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite materials are provided.

A modified PEEK-based sizing agent of the present invention uses DMF as a solvent and a CNTs/MXenes-PEEK compound as a solute.

Further defined, the concentration of the sizing agent is 0.1 g/mL˜1 g/mL.

Further defined, the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK composite is prepared by condensation reaction of PEEK-COOH, MXenes-NH ₂ and CNTs-NH ₂ with HATU as the condensing agent, and the CNTs-NH ₂ , MXenes-NH ₂ , PEEK-COOH The mass ratio is (0.05～0.15):(0.05～0.15):2, and the mass ratio of the condensing agent to PEEK-COOH is (0.1～0.3):2.

To further define, the preparation of the PEEK-COOH is as follows:

Step 1: Add PEEK and NaBH ₄ to 200mL DMSO solution at a ratio of 5:1, heat at 120°C for 20h, then vacuum filter onto a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane, and obtain PEEK-OH powder after drying ;

Step 2: Put PEEK-OH powder and glycine into 40mL acetic acid solution at a ratio of 1:1, stir at room temperature for 24 hours, then vacuum filter onto a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane, and dry to obtain PEEK-COOH powder.

A kind of preparation method of modified PEEK base sizing agent of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:

Step 1: Add PEEK-COOH, MXenes-NH ₂ and CNTs-NH ₂ to the DMF solution, then add HATU, after ultrasonic dispersion for 0.5h~1.5h, mechanically stir for 20h~24h to get CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension ;

Step 2: The suspension obtained in step 1 is deposited on a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane by vacuum filtration, and after drying, CNTs/MXenes-PEEK powder is obtained;

Step 3: Disperse the powder obtained in Step 2 into a DMF solution, and stir magnetically at room temperature to obtain a modified PEEK-based sizing agent.

Further defined, the ratio of the mass of PEEK-COOH to the volume of DMF in step 1 is 2g:(20-40)mL.

It is further defined that the pore diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane in step 2 is 0.45 μm, the drying temperature in step 2 is 50-70° C., and the drying time is 20 h-24 h.

It is further defined that the rotating speed of the magnetic stirring in step 3 is 400r/min-600r/min, and the time is 20h-24h.

The application of a modified PEEK-based sizing agent of the present invention in the preparation of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite materials, the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1: place the carbon fiber fabric in a modified PEEK-based sizing agent for vibration and impregnation, and then dry it to obtain a modified CF fabric film;

Step 2: Stack the multi-layer modified CF fabric film, and cast the resin layer by layer to obtain the composite material precursor;

Step 3: Defoaming the composite material precursor, then drying at low temperature and then drying at medium temperature to obtain MXenes/CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material.

It is further defined that the thickness of each resin layer in the composite material precursor in step 2 is 0.4mm-0.6mm.

It is further defined that in step 3, vacuumize for 30 minutes for defoaming; in step 3, the temperature of low-temperature drying is 70-90°C, and the time is 1.5h-2.5h; the temperature of medium-temperature drying is 110-120°C, and the time is 3.5h ~4.5h.

The present invention has the advantage compared with prior art:

The present invention adopts the method of condensation to prepare CNTs/MXenes-PEEK compound, and uses it as solute, obtains corresponding sizing agent, adopts the method of vibration sizing, covers CNTs/MXenes-PEEK on the carbon fiber surface, solves the problem of directly The problem of uneven dispersion and agglomeration caused by blending and dispersing PEEK, CNTs, and MXenes of different dimensions in the solvent, prepared PEEK/CNTs/MXenes carbon fiber fabric with excellent performance, and used it as a reinforcement and epoxy resin as a matrix A carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite material with good electrical conductivity and excellent mechanical properties has been prepared. The specific advantages are as follows:

1) The present invention prepares CNTs/MXenes-PEEK composites by condensation, which not only improves the chemical inertness of the PEEK surface, but also solves the problem of agglomeration of CNTs and MXenes of different dimensions. In addition, the CNTs/MXenes obtained by sizing -PEEK/CF reinforced epoxy composite material is beneficial to realize the integration of conductive/heat-resistant/structural multifunctional composite materials.

2) The modified PEEK sizing agent of the present invention realizes uniform full coverage of carbon fibers, significantly improves the interfacial bonding strength between the film layer and the fiber matrix, not only makes the mechanical properties of monofilament carbon fibers well maintained, but also makes The prepared carbon fiber fabric film has good wettability and electrical properties.

3) The present invention adopts a simple sizing method to obtain a carbon fiber reinforcement with high conductivity and excellent wettability, and adopts a simple compression molding method to obtain an epoxy resin-based composite material with excellent interface properties and high conductivity, which effectively improves the The problem of weak bonding between the resin matrix and the fiber interface and the agglomeration of nano-fillers in the resin matrix is simple and controllable, and the cost is low, which can be applied to obtain other high-performance composite materials.

4) The MXenes/CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material prepared by the present invention has high electrical conductivity, high temperature resistance, and excellent mechanical properties and interfacial properties, and its resistivity is at least 3.2×10 ^-2 Ω·m, compared with Since the resistivity of the original carbon fiber decreased by about 10%, the maximum surface energy of the obtained sized CF was 48.14mJ/m ² , an increase of 77% compared with the original CF. The interfacial properties of the prepared composites have been significantly improved. Compared with the original carbon fibers, the interlaminar shear strength of the composites prepared by sizing carbon fibers can reach up to 49.45MPa, which is 24% higher than that of the original CF. The composite material has good electrical properties, and its resistivity has been improved to varying degrees compared with the original carbon fiber, among which the resistivity is the smallest 0.98 Ω·m, which is 17% lower than that of the original CF.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the PEEK-COOH infrared spectrogram of embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is the XPS (N1s peak fitting) figure of the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK of preparation example 1;

Fig. 3 is the SEM picture of the microscopic morphology of the carbon fiber fabric before modification;

Figure 4 is the SEM image of the microscopic morphology of the modified CF fabric film (CF-0.1) obtained in Step 1 of Application Example 1.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods and instruments in this field unless otherwise specified, and those skilled in the art can obtain them through commercial channels.

The terms "comprising", "comprising", "having", "containing" or any other variations thereof used in the following embodiments are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or device comprising listed elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or device. elements.

When amounts, concentrations, or other values or parameters are expressed in terms of ranges, preferred ranges, or ranges bounded by a series of upper preferred values and lower preferred values, it is to be understood that any range upper or preferred value combined with any lower range limit is specifically disclosed. All ranges formed by any pairing of values or preferred values, whether or not such ranges are individually disclosed. For example, when the range "1 to 5" is disclosed, the recited range should be construed to include the ranges "1 to 4," "1 to 3," "1 to 2," "1 to 2, and 4 to 5" , "1 to 3 and 5", etc. When a numerical range is described herein, unless otherwise stated, that range is intended to include its endpoints and all integers and fractions within the range. Throughout the specification and claims of this application, range limitations may be combined and/or interchanged, unless otherwise stated such ranges include all subranges contained therebetween.

Example 1: A modified PEEK-based sizing agent in this example uses DMF as the solvent and the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK complex as the solute, the concentration of the sizing agent is 0.1g/mL～1g/mL, CNTs/MXenes- The PEEK composite uses HATU as the condensing agent and is prepared by condensation reaction of PEEK-COOH, MXenes-NH ₂ and CNTs-NH ₂ . The mass ratio of CNTs-NH ₂ , MXenes-NH ₂ , and PEEK-COOH is 0.1:0.1: 2. The mass ratio of condensing agent to PEEK is 0.2:2.

Wherein the preparation of PEEK-COOH is as follows:

Step 1: Add 8g PEEK and 1.6g _NaBH4 into 200mL DMSO solution, heat at 120°C for 20h, then vacuum filter onto a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane, and after drying, obtain PEEK-OH powder;

Step 2: Put 2g of PEEK-OH powder and 2g of glycine into 40mL of acetic acid solution, stir at room temperature for 24 hours, then vacuum filter onto a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane, and dry to obtain PEEK-COOH powder.

Preparation Example 1: The preparation method of a modified PEEK-based sizing agent of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

Step 1: Add 2g PEEK-COOH, 0.1g MXenes-NH ₂ and 0.1g CNTs-NH ₂ into 30mL DMF solution, then add 0.2g HATU, after ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, mechanically stir for 24h to get CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension;

Step 2: The CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension obtained in Step 1 was deposited on a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm by vacuum filtration, and dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain CNTs/MXenes- PEEK powder;

Step 3: Disperse 25 mg of the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK powder obtained in Step 2 into 25 mL of DMF solution, and magnetically stir at room temperature and 500 r/min for 24 h to obtain modified PEEK-based sizing agents with a concentration of 0.1 g/mL.

Preparation Example 2: The preparation method of a modified PEEK-based sizing agent of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

Step 1: Add 2g PEEK-COOH, 0.1g MXenes-NH ₂ and 0.1g CNTs-NH ₂ into 30mL DMF solution, then add 0.2g HATU, after ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, mechanically stir for 24h to get CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension;

Step 2: The CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension obtained in Step 1 was deposited on a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm by vacuum filtration, and dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain CNTs/MXenes- PEEK powder;

Step 3: Disperse 75 mg of the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK powder obtained in Step 2 into 25 mL of DMF solution, and magnetically stir at room temperature and 500 r/min for 24 h to obtain modified PEEK-based sizing agents with a concentration of 0.3 g/mL.

Preparation Example 3: The preparation method of a modified PEEK-based sizing agent of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

Step 1: Add 2g PEEK-COOH, 0.1g MXenes-NH ₂ and 0.1g CNTs-NH ₂ into 30mL DMF solution, then add 0.2g HATU, after ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, mechanically stir for 24h to get CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension;

Step 2: The CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension obtained in Step 1 was deposited on a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm by vacuum filtration, and dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain CNTs/MXenes- PEEK powder;

Step 3: Disperse 125 mg of the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK powder obtained in Step 2 into 25 mL of DMF solution, and magnetically stir at room temperature and 500 r/min for 24 h to obtain modified PEEK-based sizing agents with a concentration of 0.5 g/mL.

Preparation Example 4: The preparation method of a modified PEEK-based sizing agent of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

Step 1: Add 2g PEEK-COOH, 0.1g MXenes-NH ₂ and 0.1g CNTs-NH ₂ into 30mL DMF solution, then add 0.2g HATU, after ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, mechanically stir for 24h to get CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension;

Step 2: The CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension obtained in Step 1 was deposited on a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm by vacuum filtration, and dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain CNTs/MXenes- PEEK powder;

Step 3: Disperse 175 mg of the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK powder obtained in Step 2 into 25 mL of DMF solution, and magnetically stir at room temperature and 500 r/min for 24 h to obtain modified PEEK-based sizing agents with a concentration of 0.7 g/mL.

Preparation Example 5: The preparation method of a modified PEEK-based sizing agent of this embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:

Step 1: Add 2g PEEK-COOH, 0.1g MXenes-NH ₂ and 0.1g CNTs-NH ₂ into 30mL DMF solution, then add 0.2g HATU, after ultrasonic dispersion for 1h, mechanically stir for 24h to get CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension;

Step 2: The CNTs/MXenes-PEEK suspension obtained in Step 1 was deposited on a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45 μm by vacuum filtration, and dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain CNTs/MXenes- PEEK powder;

Step 3: Disperse 250 mg of the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK powder obtained in Step 2 into 25 mL of DMF solution, and magnetically stir at room temperature and 500 r/min for 24 h to obtain modified PEEK-based sizing agents with a concentration of 1 g/mL.

Application example 1: Application of a modified PEEK-based sizing agent in the preparation of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite materials. The specific steps are as follows:

Step 1: place the carbon fiber fabric in the modified PEEK-based sizing agent of different concentrations obtained in Preparation Example 1-5 and oscillate and dip for 2 hours, then dry it in an oven at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a modified CF fabric film; denoted as CF- 0.1, CF-0.3, CF-0.5, CF-0.7, CF-1;

Step 2: stack three layers of modified CF fabric films, and cast resin layer by layer, each layer of resin is 0.5mm thick, to obtain the composite material precursor;

Step 3: Vacuumize the composite material precursor for 30 minutes for defoaming treatment, then dry at 80°C for 2 hours at low temperature, and then dry at 120°C for 4 hours at medium temperature to obtain MXenes/CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material.

Detection test

(1) Carry out infrared spectrum test on the PEEK-COOH prepared in Example 1, the result is shown in Figure 1, it can be seen that the carboxylation of PEEK is successful.

(2) Carry out XPS test on the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK obtained in Preparation Example 1, and the N1s peak splitting result is shown in Figure 2, wherein the appearance of the amide bond CO=NH proves that PEEK-COOH, CNTs-NH ₂ , MXenes-NH ₂ The grafting was successful, and the CNTs/MXenes-PEEK complex was successfully formed.

(3) Characterize the microscopic morphology of the carbon fiber fabric and the modified CF fabric film (CF-0.1) gained in Step 1 of Application Example 1. The results are shown in Figure 3-4. It can be seen that after the sizing treatment, The CNTs/MXenes-PEEK coverage on the carbon fiber surface is uniform and complete. In addition, the addition of PEEK, MXenes, and CNTs improves the roughness of the carbon fiber surface, which provides more favorable conditions for the further combination with the resin in the next step.

(4) Carry out monofilament tensile property test to the carbon fiber before modification and the carbon fiber after adopting the modified PEEK base sizing agent modification of different concentrations, its result is shown in Table 1, as can be seen, the carbon fiber after sizing treatment The filament tensile strength can still be maintained above 90%, and the monofilament carbon fiber still has good mechanical properties.

(5) The resistance of the carbon fiber before modification and the modified PEEK-based sizing agent of different concentrations is tested by two-point probe method. The results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen, the obtained sizing The resistivity of the carbon fiber fabric is reduced from the original 3.6Ω·m×10 ^-2 to 3.2×10 ^-2 Ω·m, and the electrical properties have been improved to a certain extent.

(6) The carbon fiber before modification and the carbon fiber modified with different concentrations of modified PEEK-based sizing agent are used to measure the contact angle of different polar solutions (diiodomethane and water) and calculate its surface energy according to the contact angle measurement results, The results are shown in Table 3. It can be seen that the surface energy of the sized carbon fiber has been significantly improved, which provides sufficient conditions for the infiltration and combination with the resin in the next step.

(7) The interlayer shear energy test was carried out on the modified CNTs/MXenes-PEEKs/CF epoxy resin composite. The inter-shear strength increased from the original 39.73MPa to 49.45MPa, an increase of nearly 25%.

(8) The electrical properties of MXenes/CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites were tested. The results are shown in Table 5. It can be seen that the addition of sizing carbon fibers has improved the electrical properties of the composites, and the resistivity is at least 0.98 Ω. m, which is 17% smaller than the original CF.

Table 1 Tensile properties of carbon fiber monofilament before and after modification

CF CF-0.1 CF-0.3 CF-0.5 CF-0.7 CF-1 Tensile strength (GPa) 4.30 3.86 3.80 4.01 3.90 3.88

Table 2 Electrical properties of carbon fiber before and after modification

CF CF-0.1 CF-0.3 CF-0.5 CF-0.7 CF-1 Resistivity (Ω·m) 3.55×10 ^-2 3.20×10 ^-2 3.39×10 ^-2 3.37×10 ^-2 3.38×10 ^-2 3.34×10 ^-2

Table 3 Surface energy of carbon fiber before and after modification

CF CF-0.1 CF-0.3 CF-0.5 CF-0.7 CF-1 Surface energy (mJ/m ² ) 27.21 43.11 45.69 46.5 47.64 48.14

Table 4 MXenes/CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy composites

Table 5 MXenes/CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy composites

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in view of those skilled in the art of the present invention can make appropriate changes and modifications to the above implementation, therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation described above, Some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A modified PEEK-based sizing agent is characterized in that DMF is taken as a solvent, CNTs/MXes-PEEK compound is taken as a solute, and the concentration of the sizing agent is 0.1 g/mL-1 g/mThe L, CNTs/MXenes-PEEK compound takes HATU as condensing agent and consists of PEEK-COOH and MXenes-NH ₂ And CNTs-NH ₂ Is prepared through condensation reaction ₂ 、MXenes-NH ₂ The mass ratio of PEEK-COOH is (0.05-0.15): (0.05-0.15): 2, the mass ratio of the condensing agent to PEEK-COOH is (0.1-0.3): 2, PEEK-COOH was prepared as follows:

step 1: PEEK and NaBH ₄ According to the following steps: 1 is added into 200mL of DMSO solution, heated for 20h at 120 ℃, then vacuum filtered onto a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane, and dried to obtain PEEK-OH powder;

step 2: PEEK-OH powder and glycine were mixed at 1:1 into 40mL of acetic acid solution, stirring for 24 hours at room temperature, then vacuum filtering the mixture onto a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane, and drying the mixture to obtain PEEK-COOH powder.

2. The method for preparing a modified PEEK-based sizing agent according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

step 1: PEEK-COOH, MXnes-NH ₂ And CNTs-NH ₂ Adding the mixture into DMF solution, adding HATU, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 0.5-1.5 h, and mechanically stirring for 20-24 h to obtain CNTs/MXees-PEEK suspension;

step 2: depositing the suspension obtained in the step 1 on a polytetrafluoroethylene microporous filter membrane in a vacuum filtration mode, and drying to obtain CNTs/MXenes-PEEK powder;

step 3: dispersing the powder obtained in the step 2 into DMF solution, and magnetically stirring at room temperature to obtain the modified PEEK-based sizing agent.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the pore size of the polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane in the step 2 is 0.45 μm, the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the time is 20-24 hours.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the rotation speed of the magnetic stirring in the step 3 is 400-600 r/min for 20-24 h.

5. The use of a modified PEEK-based sizing agent according to claim 1 in the preparation of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composites, characterized by the following specific steps:

step 1: placing the carbon fiber fabric into a modified PEEK-based sizing agent for vibration impregnation, and then drying to obtain a modified CF fabric film;

step 2: stacking a plurality of layers of modified CF fabric films, and casting resin layer by layer to obtain a composite material precursor;

step 3: and (3) performing foam removal treatment on the composite material precursor, and then drying at a low temperature and then at a medium temperature to obtain the MXenes/CNTs reinforced carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material.

6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the resin layer of each layer of the composite precursor in step 2 is 0.4mm to 0.6mm thick.

7. The use according to claim 5, wherein the evacuating is performed for 30min in step 3, the low temperature drying is performed at 70-90 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 h, the medium temperature drying is performed at 110-120 ℃ for 3.5-4.5 h.

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